EP1103344B1 - Method for machining surfaces, especially running faces of combustion-engine cylinders - Google Patents

Method for machining surfaces, especially running faces of combustion-engine cylinders Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1103344B1
EP1103344B1 EP00122286A EP00122286A EP1103344B1 EP 1103344 B1 EP1103344 B1 EP 1103344B1 EP 00122286 A EP00122286 A EP 00122286A EP 00122286 A EP00122286 A EP 00122286A EP 1103344 B1 EP1103344 B1 EP 1103344B1
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Prior art keywords
cylinder
alloyed
relatively hard
hard material
crystals
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EP00122286A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1103344A3 (en
EP1103344A2 (en
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Rolf Dipl.-Ing. Heinemann
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Färber
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Volkswagen AG
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Volkswagen AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B33/00—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
    • B24B33/02—Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor designed for working internal surfaces of revolution, e.g. of cylindrical or conical shapes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for machining surfaces, in particular of cylinder surfaces on internal combustion engines with a, consisting of a light alloy alloy cylinder crankcase, wherein in the cylinder surfaces, which are melted by laser, particles of a harder material are alloyed and wherein the light metal matrix with the alloyed hard material particles are subsequently machined and / or honed in at least one method step.
  • EP 176 803 A1 A method for producing a cylinder block made of light metal will be described. First, the cylinder block made of an aluminum alloy is cast. Subsequently is applied to the cylinder surfaces silicon, which is subsequently melted by means of laser beam, so that forms a supersaturated with silicon boundary layer.
  • a partial protrusion of the harder particles from the light metal matrix is expedient for the functionality of the cylinder running surfaces.
  • the particles lying in the running surface and harder than the basic structure of the alloy are exposed in such a way that plateau surfaces of the particles protrude from the other surface of the basic structure.
  • the exposure of the harder particles has hitherto mainly been carried out by etching, whereby the sharp-edged edges of the crystals are uncovered by resetting the light metal matrix.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a further improved machining method for surfaces of light metal alloys, with which an exposure of the particles of harder material without etching is possible.
  • cylinder running surfaces with good tribological properties are intended to be produced, in particular in the case of serial production of internal combustion engines.
  • the tribological properties of the cylinder surfaces of internal combustion engines can be significantly improved even under the conditions of a series production.
  • the exposure of the harder particles is carried out without the use of corrosive agents. Due to the gentle contours of the particles of the harder material damages of piston ring and piston are largely excluded.
  • the combination of elevations (crystal particles) and depressions (fine structure) results in functional advantages in the run-in phase, in particular a good adhesion of the oil film and the avoidance of mechanical disturbances by the acting piston pressure forces.
  • the elevations and depressions are increasingly compensated by mutual removal and order in engine operation. Due to the achievable good friction behavior of the component pairing of piston and cylinder, the friction losses are reduced. As a result, initially reduce the fuel and oil consumption and finally the exhaust emissions of the engine.
  • the method is preferably used for machining cylinder treads 1 on internal combustion engines.
  • the cylinder crankcase 2 of this internal combustion engine is made of a light metal alloy.
  • An alloy is chosen which is relatively easy to handle in the casting process, for example one Aluminum alloy.
  • By smelting of harder components those areas of the cylinder crankcase 2 are subsequently refined, which will be exposed to the later intended use of friction.
  • This relates to the cylinder surfaces 1, whose properties determine the friction and wear behavior of the component pairing of the piston and cylinder.
  • the piston is not shown in detail in the drawing, only its movement is stylized by an arrow.
  • the cylinder surfaces 1 are melted by means of laser. Particles of a harder material are introduced into the molten bath so as to obtain a wear-resistant, tribologically favorable running surface 1. Due to the process control arises during solidification due to the self-quenching and optionally additional cooling a fine crystalline structure.
  • crystals 3 are present with an approximately spherical contour, but at least with a rounded contour without sharp edges. The size of these crystals 3 should be a maximum of 50.0 microns and will be predominantly in a range between 5.0 microns and 20.0 microns.
  • As a harder material fully molten nickel-containing or tungsten-containing material can be alloyed into the cylinder surface 1.
  • a silicon-containing material is used. In this case, the laser-produced layer of the cylinder surface 1 after completion of Einleg réelle a share of 15 to 53 vol.% Silicon on.
  • a machining and / or honing machining is performed. It is provided that the cylinder surfaces 1 are honed.
  • the fine-crystalline layer requires no etching for exposure. Rather, now takes place a further mechanical processing by means of a finely graded hone.
  • the light metal matrix is reset, that is, the crystals 3 of the harder material are mechanically exposed and protrude as plateaus against the other surface. Due to the rounded contour of the crystals 3 they do not break out during honing. In addition, the crystals 3 are hardly abrasive due to this contour, so that the wear is low.
  • the height "H" of exposure of the crystals 3 of the harder material is at most 1.0 ⁇ m. Preferably, a range between 0.1 microns and 0.3 microns is used.
  • the cylinder surfaces 1 are finely structured by additional Recesses 4 are introduced into the surface 1.
  • elevations 5 can be configured directly next to the depressions 4.
  • the fine structure of the cylinder surface 1 has a depth "T" of a maximum of 2.0 microns. Preferably, a range between 0.1 microns and 0.5 microns is used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The method proposes that after a coating of hard material containing silicon or wolfram has been applied to the cylinder surface the surface is honed. With a very fine honing tool a further honing operation takes place to expose the crystals of the harder material. A further honing then takes place to provide the surface with a microstructure finish

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Bearbeiten von Oberflächen, insbesondere von Zylinderlaufflächen an Brennkraftmaschinen mit einem, aus einer Leichtmetall-Legierung bestehenden Zylinderkurbelgehäuse, wobei in die Zylinderlaufflächen, die mittels Laser aufgeschmolzen werden, Partikel eines härteren Materials einlegiert werden und wobei die Leichtmetall-Matrix mit den einlegierten Hartstoffpartikeln nachfolgend in mindestens einem Verfahrensschritt spanabhebend und/oder honend bearbeitet wird.The invention relates to a method for machining surfaces, in particular of cylinder surfaces on internal combustion engines with a, consisting of a light alloy alloy cylinder crankcase, wherein in the cylinder surfaces, which are melted by laser, particles of a harder material are alloyed and wherein the light metal matrix with the alloyed hard material particles are subsequently machined and / or honed in at least one method step.

Für die Konstruktion moderner Brennkraftmaschinen sind zunehmend ökologisch begründete Forderungen zu beachten, von denen gegenwärtig die Reduzierung von Kraftstoffverbrauch und Abgasemission primär ist. Neben konstruktiven Entwicklungen werden hierbei auch die Vorteile neuer Werkstoffe genutzt, wobei zahlreiche konstruktive Änderungen ohnehin erst durch den Einsatz neuer Werkstoffe möglich sind. Sofern das Zylinderkurbelgehäuse beispielsweise aus Leichtmetall gefertigt wird, sind gegenüber konventionellem Grauguß eine erhebliche Gewichtseinsparung und eine höhere Belastbarkeit im Motorbetrieb möglich. Diese Vorteile können jedoch durch andere Parameter beeinträchtigt werden, insbesondere durch das Reib- und Verschleißverhalten an Oberflächenpaarungen, die relativ zueinander bewegt werden. Eine solche Problemstelle sind die Zylinderlaufflächen von Brennkraftmaschinen mit der Bauteilpaarung von Kolben und Zylinder. Für diese Laufflächen sind zusätzliche Bearbeitungen notwendig, um sogenannte "tribologische" Laufbahnen zu schaffen, die ein weitgehend optimales Reibungsverhalten bewirken.For the construction of modern internal combustion engines increasingly ecologically justified demands are to be observed, of which currently the reduction of fuel consumption and exhaust emission is primary. In addition to design developments, the advantages of new materials are used, with numerous design changes being possible anyway only through the use of new materials. If the cylinder crankcase is made of light metal, for example, a significant weight saving and a higher load capacity in engine operation are possible compared to conventional gray cast iron. However, these advantages may be affected by other parameters, in particular the friction and wear behavior of surface mating surfaces which are moved relative to each other. Such a problem point are the cylinder surfaces of internal combustion engines with the component pairing of the piston and cylinder. For these treads additional processing is necessary to create so-called "tribological" raceways, which cause a largely optimal friction behavior.

In EP 176 803 A1 wird ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Zylinderblocks aus Leichtmetall beschrieben. Zunächst wird der aus einer Aluminium-Legierung bestehende Zylinderblock gegossen. Anschließend wird auf die Zylinderlaufflächen Silizium aufgetragen, das nachfolgend mittels Laserstrahl aufgeschmolzen wird, so dass sich eine mit Silizium übersättigte Randschicht bildet.In EP 176 803 A1 A method for producing a cylinder block made of light metal will be described. First, the cylinder block made of an aluminum alloy is cast. Subsequently is applied to the cylinder surfaces silicon, which is subsequently melted by means of laser beam, so that forms a supersaturated with silicon boundary layer.

Das Verfahren zur Beschichtung von Werkstückoberflächen gemäß DE 197 11 756 A1 schlägt vor, auf die Zylinderlaufflächen von Hubkolbenmaschinen eine pulverförmige Legierung mit einer Silizium aufweisenden Leichtmetall-Matrix thermisch aufzuspritzen.The method for coating workpiece surfaces according to DE 197 11 756 A1 Proposes to thermally spray on the cylinder surfaces of reciprocating engines a powdered alloy with a silicon-containing light metal matrix.

Im Ergebnis der Verfahren nach EP 176 803 A1 und DE 197 11 756 A1 weisen die einer Reibung ausgesetzten Bereiche, im vorliegenden Anwendungsfall also die Zylinderlaufflächen, eine Beschichtung auf. Diese Beschichtung wird mit einem spanabhebenden Verfahren nochmals bearbeitet, um die erforderliche Maßgenauigkeit zu erreichen. Damit auch die notwendige Oberflächenbeschaffenheit erreicht wird, folgt der spanabhebenden Bearbeitung überwiegend noch ein Honvorgang. Mit diesen Verfahren können grundsätzlich verschleißfeste, tribologisch günstige Zylinderlaufflächen geschaffen werden. Die Gewährleistung einer, über die gesamte Zylinderlauffläche homogenen Oberfläche ist allerdings fragwürdig. Ferner sind zahlreiche fertigungstechnische Voraussetzungen erforderlich. Diese können zwar für Prototypen und Kleinserien geschaffen werden, eine Realisierung in der Serienfertigung mit hohen Stückzahlen ist jedoch nur bedingt möglich.As a result of the method according to EP 176 803 A1 and DE 197 11 756 A1 have exposed to a friction areas, in the present application, so the cylinder surfaces, a coating. This coating is reworked using a machining process to achieve the required dimensional accuracy. So that the necessary surface finish is achieved, the machining usually still follows a honing process. In principle, wear-resistant, tribologically favorable cylinder running surfaces can be created with these methods. However, ensuring a homogeneous surface over the entire cylinder surface is questionable. Furthermore, numerous manufacturing requirements are required. Although these can be created for prototypes and small batches, an implementation in mass production with high quantities is only possible to a limited extent.

Unabhängig vom gewählten Bearbeitungsverfahren ist für die Funktionalität der Zylinderlaufflächen ein teilweises Herausragen der härteren Partikel aus der Leichtmetall-Matrix zweckmäßig. Hierfür werden nach dem Honvorgang die in der Lauffläche liegenden, härter als das Grundgefüge der Legierung ausfallenden Partikel derart freigelegt, dass Plateauflächen der Partikel gegenüber der sonstigen Oberfläche des Grundgefüges hervorstehen. Das Freilegen der härteren Partikel erfolgt bisher überwiegend durch Ätzung, wobei durch das Rücksetzen der Leichtmetall-Matrix die scharfkantigen Ränder der Kristalle freigelegt werden. Diese scharfen Kanten sind nachteilig und können zumindest in der Einlaufphase des Motors zum Beispiel Beschädigungen am Kolbenring ergeben. Das Ätzverfahren ist außerdem kostenintensiv und unter Berücksichtigung von Umweltaspekten problematisch. Deshalb wird ein Ersatz dieser Bearbeitung durch andere Verfahrensschritte angestrebt.Regardless of the selected machining process, a partial protrusion of the harder particles from the light metal matrix is expedient for the functionality of the cylinder running surfaces. For this purpose, after the honing process, the particles lying in the running surface and harder than the basic structure of the alloy are exposed in such a way that plateau surfaces of the particles protrude from the other surface of the basic structure. The exposure of the harder particles has hitherto mainly been carried out by etching, whereby the sharp-edged edges of the crystals are uncovered by resetting the light metal matrix. These sharp edges are disadvantageous and can result, for example, damage to the piston ring, at least in the running-in phase of the engine. The etching process is also costly and problematic considering environmental considerations. Therefore, a replacement of this processing by other process steps is sought.

Um dem Problem der scharfen Kanten zu begegnen, wird mit der DE 44 38 550 A1 vorgeschlagen, eingelagerte Silizium-Kristalle so mechanisch freizulegen, dass freigelegte Plateauflächen der Kristalle an ihren Rändern ballig oder verrundet in den Legierungswerkstoff übergehen. Scharfkantige Absätze sollen durch diese Maßnahme vermieden werden. Auch die EP 0 818 271 B1 sieht eine mechanische Verrundung der Hartstoffpartikel vor.To counter the problem of sharp edges, is with the DE 44 38 550 A1 proposed to expose embedded silicon crystals so mechanically that exposed plateau surfaces of the crystals at their edges crowned or rounded in the alloy material pass. Sharp edged paragraphs should be avoided by this measure. Also the EP 0 818 271 B1 provides a mechanical rounding of the hard particles.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein weiter verbessertes Bearbeitungsverfahren für Oberflächen aus Leichtmetall-Legierungen zu schaffen, mit dem ein Freilegen der Partikel aus härterem Material ohne Ätzung möglich ist. Mit diesem Verfahren sollen insbesondere bei einer Serienfertigung von Brennkraftmaschinen Zylinderlaufflächen mit guten tribologischen Eigenschaften erzeugt werden.The object of the invention is to provide a further improved machining method for surfaces of light metal alloys, with which an exposure of the particles of harder material without etching is possible. With this method, cylinder running surfaces with good tribological properties are intended to be produced, in particular in the case of serial production of internal combustion engines.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst, indem zunächst Partikel härteren Materials so in die Zylinderlaufflächen einlegiert werden, dass Kristalle mit einer annähernd kugelförmigen Kontur, zumindest jedoch einer gerundeten Kontur ausgebildet werden und nachfolgend die Zylinderlaufflächen gehont werden und anschließend eine weitere mechanische Bearbeitung mittels einer feinklassierten Honahle erfolgt, durch die die Kristalle des härteren Materials freigelegt werden. Nachfolgend kann eine weitere mechanische Bearbeitung mittels einer Honahle erfolgen, wobei die Zylinderlaufflächen feinstrukturiert werden. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Ansprüchen 2 bis 10 beschrieben.This object is achieved according to claim 1, by initially particles of harder material are alloyed into the cylinder surfaces, that crystals are formed with an approximately spherical contour, but at least a rounded contour and subsequently the cylinder surfaces are honed and then a further mechanical processing by means of a finely graded Heats are made, through which the crystals of the harder material are exposed. Subsequently, a further mechanical processing can be carried out by means of a honing haul, wherein the cylinder surfaces are finely structured. Further advantageous embodiments are described in claims 2 to 10.

Durch Anwendung des vorgeschlagenen Verfahrens können die tribologischen Eigenschaften der Zylinderlaufflächen von Brennkraftmaschinen auch unter den Bedingungen einer Serienfertigung wesentlich verbessert werden. In vorteilhafter Weise erfolgt das Freilegen der härteren Partikel ohne Anwendung ätzender Mittel. Durch die sanften Konturen der Partikel aus dem härteren Material werden Beschädigungen von Kolbenring und Kolben weitgehend ausgeschlossen. Die Kombination von Erhebungen (Kristallpartikel) und Vertiefungen (Feinstruktur) ergibt funktionelle Vorteile in der Einlaufphase, insbesondere ein gutes Haften des Ölfilms sowie die Vermeidung mechanischer Störungen durch die wirkenden Kolbendruckkräfte. Die Erhebungen und Vertiefungen werden durch wechselseitigen Abtrag und Auftrag im Motorbetrieb zunehmend ausgeglichen. Durch das erreichbare gute Reibungsverhalten der Bauteilpaarung von Kolben und Zylinder werden die Reibungsverluste reduziert. In deren Folge vermindern sich zunächst der Kraftstoff- und Ölverbrauch und schließlich auch die Abgasemissionen der Brennkraftmaschine.By applying the proposed method, the tribological properties of the cylinder surfaces of internal combustion engines can be significantly improved even under the conditions of a series production. Advantageously, the exposure of the harder particles is carried out without the use of corrosive agents. Due to the gentle contours of the particles of the harder material damages of piston ring and piston are largely excluded. The combination of elevations (crystal particles) and depressions (fine structure) results in functional advantages in the run-in phase, in particular a good adhesion of the oil film and the avoidance of mechanical disturbances by the acting piston pressure forces. The elevations and depressions are increasingly compensated by mutual removal and order in engine operation. Due to the achievable good friction behavior of the component pairing of piston and cylinder, the friction losses are reduced. As a result, initially reduce the fuel and oil consumption and finally the exhaust emissions of the engine.

Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Bearbeiten von Oberflächen beschrieben. Hierbei wird Bezug auf die Zeichnung genommen, die in schematischer Darstellung eine Zylinderlauffläche zeigt, die mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren bearbeitet worden ist.An exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention for processing surfaces will now be described. Reference is made to the drawing, which shows a schematic representation of a cylinder surface, which has been processed by the method according to the invention.

Das Verfahren wird vorzugsweise zur Bearbeitung von Zylinderlaufflächen 1 an Brennkraftmaschinen angewendet. Das Zylinderkurbelgehäuse 2 dieser Brennkraftmaschine besteht aus einer Leichtmetall-Legierung. Es wird eine Legierung gewählt, die relativ einfach im Gussprozess zu handhaben ist, zum Beispiel eine Aluminium-Legierung. Durch das Einschmelzen von härteren Komponenten werden nachträglich jene Bereiche des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses 2 veredelt, die bei der späteren bestimmungsgemäßen Nutzung einer Reibung ausgesetzt sein werden. Dies betrifft die Zylinderlaufflächen 1, deren Eigenschaften das Reibungs- und Verschleißverhalten der Bauteilpaarung von Kolben und Zylinder bestimmen. Der Kolben ist in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellt, lediglich seine Bewegung ist durch einen Pfeil stilisiert.The method is preferably used for machining cylinder treads 1 on internal combustion engines. The cylinder crankcase 2 of this internal combustion engine is made of a light metal alloy. An alloy is chosen which is relatively easy to handle in the casting process, for example one Aluminum alloy. By smelting of harder components those areas of the cylinder crankcase 2 are subsequently refined, which will be exposed to the later intended use of friction. This relates to the cylinder surfaces 1, whose properties determine the friction and wear behavior of the component pairing of the piston and cylinder. The piston is not shown in detail in the drawing, only its movement is stylized by an arrow.

Die Zylinderlaufflächen 1 werden mittels Laser aufgeschmolzen. In das Schmelzbad werden Partikel eines härteren Materials eingebracht, um somit eine verschleißfeste, tribologisch günstige Lauffläche 1 zu erhalten. Bedingt durch die Prozeßführung entsteht bei der Erstarrung infolge der Selbstabschreckung und einer gegebenenfalls zusätzlichen Kühlung eine feinkristalline Struktur. Durch das Einlegieren liegen im Idealfall Kristalle 3 mit einer annähernd kugelförmigen Kontur vor, zumindest jedoch mit einer gerundeten Kontur ohne scharfe Kanten. Die Größe dieser Kristalle 3 sollte maximal 50,0 µm betragen und wird überwiegend in einem Bereich zwischen 5,0 µm und 20,0 µm liegen. Als härteres Material kann vollaufgeschmolzenes nickelhaltiges oder wolframhaltiges Material in die Zylinderlauffläche 1 einlegiert werden. Vorzugsweise wird jedoch ein siliziumhaltiges Material verwendet. Dabei weist die mittels Laser erstellte Schicht der Zylinderlauffläche 1 nach Abschluß der Einlegierung einen Anteil von 15 bis 53 Vol.% Silizium auf.The cylinder surfaces 1 are melted by means of laser. Particles of a harder material are introduced into the molten bath so as to obtain a wear-resistant, tribologically favorable running surface 1. Due to the process control arises during solidification due to the self-quenching and optionally additional cooling a fine crystalline structure. By alloying in the ideal case, crystals 3 are present with an approximately spherical contour, but at least with a rounded contour without sharp edges. The size of these crystals 3 should be a maximum of 50.0 microns and will be predominantly in a range between 5.0 microns and 20.0 microns. As a harder material, fully molten nickel-containing or tungsten-containing material can be alloyed into the cylinder surface 1. Preferably, however, a silicon-containing material is used. In this case, the laser-produced layer of the cylinder surface 1 after completion of Einlegierung a share of 15 to 53 vol.% Silicon on.

Nachfolgend wird eine spanabhebende und/oder honende Bearbeitung durchgeführt. Hierbei ist vorgesehen, daß die Zylinderlaufflächen 1 gehont werden. Die feinkristalline Schicht bedarf zur Freilegung keiner Ätzung. Vielmehr erfolgt nunmehr eine weitere mechanische Bearbeitung mittels einer feinklassierten Honahle. In diesem Verfahrensschritt wird die Leichtmetall-Matrix zurückgestellt, d.h., die Kristalle 3 des härteren Materials werden mechanisch freigelegt und stehen als Plateauflächen gegenüber der sonstigen Oberfläche hervor. Durch die gerundete Kontur der Kristalle 3 brechen diese beim Honen nicht aus. Außerdem wirken die Kristalle 3 aufgrund dieser Kontur kaum abrasiv, so daß auch der Verschleiß gering ist. Die Höhe "H" der Freilegung der Kristalle 3 des härteren Materials beträgt maximal 1,0 µm. Vorzugsweise wird ein Bereich zwischen 0,1 µm und 0,3 µm genutzt.Subsequently, a machining and / or honing machining is performed. It is provided that the cylinder surfaces 1 are honed. The fine-crystalline layer requires no etching for exposure. Rather, now takes place a further mechanical processing by means of a finely graded hone. In this process step, the light metal matrix is reset, that is, the crystals 3 of the harder material are mechanically exposed and protrude as plateaus against the other surface. Due to the rounded contour of the crystals 3 they do not break out during honing. In addition, the crystals 3 are hardly abrasive due to this contour, so that the wear is low. The height "H" of exposure of the crystals 3 of the harder material is at most 1.0 μm. Preferably, a range between 0.1 microns and 0.3 microns is used.

Danach erfolgt eine weitere mechanische Bearbeitung mittels einer Honahle. In diesem Verfahrensschritt werden die Zylinderlaufflächen 1 feinstrukturiert, indem zusätzliche Vertiefungen 4 in die Oberfläche 1 eingebracht werden. Während dieser Bearbeitung können unmittelbar neben den Vertiefungen 4 auch Erhebungen 5 ausgestaltet werden. Die Feinstrukturierung der Zylinderlauffläche 1 weist eine Tiefe "T" von maximal 2,0 µm auf. Vorzugsweise wird ein Bereich zwischen 0,1 µm und 0,5 µm genutzt. Diese Ausgestaltung ergibt Vorteile für den Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine in der Einlaufphase, indem die Ölversorgung begünstigt wird. Das Öl kann sich dabei in den Vertiefungen 4 sammeln. Gleichzeitig werden durch die Kombination von Vertiefungen 4 und Erhebungen 5 in der Einlaufphase Schäden (Verquetschung, Riefenbildung usw.) ausgeschlossen, die ansonsten durch die Kolbendruckkräfte und eine eventuell unzureichende Schmierung entstehen könnten. Die Erhebungen 5 und Vertiefungen 4 unterliegen mit zunehmender Betriebsdauer der Brennkraftmaschine einer Selbstglättung durch wechselseitigen Abtrag und Auftrag von Material. Demzufolge entsteht eine Zylinderlauffläche 1 mit sehr guten tribologischen Eigenschaften.Thereafter, a further mechanical processing by means of a Honahle. In this step, the cylinder surfaces 1 are finely structured by additional Recesses 4 are introduced into the surface 1. During this processing, elevations 5 can be configured directly next to the depressions 4. The fine structure of the cylinder surface 1 has a depth "T" of a maximum of 2.0 microns. Preferably, a range between 0.1 microns and 0.5 microns is used. This embodiment provides advantages for the operation of the internal combustion engine in the run-in phase by the oil supply is favored. The oil can collect in the depressions 4. At the same time damage (crushing, scoring, etc.) are excluded by the combination of wells 4 and 5 surveys in the break-in phase, which could otherwise be caused by the piston pressure forces and possibly insufficient lubrication. The elevations 5 and depressions 4 are subject to increasing operating time of the internal combustion engine of a self-smoothing by mutual removal and application of material. As a result, a cylinder surface 1 with very good tribological properties.

Claims (10)

  1. Method for machining surfaces, in particular cylinder faces (1) of internal combustion engines having a cylinder crankcase which is composed of a light metal alloy, with particles of a relatively hard material being alloyed into the cylinder faces (1) which are melted by means of lasers, and with the light metal matrix with the alloyed-in hard material particles subsequently being machined, in at least one method step, in a cutting and/or honing fashion in such a way that the cylinder faces (1) are initially honed and a further mechanical machining process subsequently takes place by means of a finely classified honing tool, as a result of which the crystals (3) of the relatively hard material are exposed, characterized in that the particles of the relatively hard material are alloyed in in such a way that crystals (3) with an approximately spherical contour, but at least with a rounded contour, are formed.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that a further mechanical machining process subsequently takes place by means of a honing tool, with the cylinder faces (1) being finely structured.
  3. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the height "H" of the exposure of the crystals (3) of the relatively hard material is at most 1.0 µm and is preferably in a range between 0.1 µm and 0.3 µm.
  4. Method according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the depth "T" of the fine structuring of the cylinder face (1) is at most 2.0 µm and is preferably in a range between 0.1 µm and 0.5 µm.
  5. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that an aluminium alloy is used for the cylinder crankcase.
  6. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that fully-melted silicon-containing material is alloyed in as a relatively hard metal into the cylinder face (1).
  7. Method according to Claim 6, characterized in that the size of the silicon crystals is at most 50.0 µm and is preferably in a range between 5.0 µm and 20.0 µm.
  8. Method according to Claims 1 or 6, characterized in that the layer, which is produced by means of lasers, of the cylinder face (1) has a proportion of 15 to 53 % by volume of silicon.
  9. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that fully-melted nickel-containing material is alloyed in as a relatively hard material into the cylinder face (1).
  10. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that fully-melted tungsten-containing material is alloyed in as a relatively hard material into the cylinder face (1).
EP00122286A 1999-11-20 2000-10-20 Method for machining surfaces, especially running faces of combustion-engine cylinders Revoked EP1103344B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19956306 1999-11-20
DE19956306A DE19956306B4 (en) 1999-11-20 1999-11-20 Method for processing surfaces, in particular cylinder surfaces on internal combustion engines

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1103344A2 EP1103344A2 (en) 2001-05-30
EP1103344A3 EP1103344A3 (en) 2003-10-01
EP1103344B1 true EP1103344B1 (en) 2008-01-02

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00122286A Revoked EP1103344B1 (en) 1999-11-20 2000-10-20 Method for machining surfaces, especially running faces of combustion-engine cylinders

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EP (1) EP1103344B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE382452T1 (en)
DE (2) DE19956306B4 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10119337C1 (en) * 2001-04-20 2003-02-06 Daimler Chrysler Ag Production of tribological surfaces on a workpiece used in production of cylinder faces comprises finely processing a surface of workpiece, removing surface layer, finely grinding surface and obtaining hard material phases
DE10323743B4 (en) * 2003-05-24 2007-01-18 Daimlerchrysler Ag Freilegemasse, Freilegeverfahren and Freilegevorrichtung
DE102005018277B4 (en) * 2005-04-14 2011-09-15 Elgan-Diamantwerkzeuge Gmbh & Co. Kg Process for honing hard-particle-reinforced surfaces and honing tool
DE102007032915B4 (en) 2007-07-14 2021-11-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing an internal combustion engine and internal combustion engine produced according to this method

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3435460A1 (en) * 1984-09-27 1986-04-10 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8000 München METHOD FOR PRODUCING WORKPIECES FROM LIGHT METAL
DE3822169A1 (en) * 1988-06-30 1990-01-04 Kadia Diamant METHOD FOR EXPOSING SILICON CRYSTALS
DE3922378A1 (en) * 1989-07-07 1991-01-17 Audi Ag METHOD FOR PRODUCING WEAR-RESISTANT SURFACES ON COMPONENTS FROM AN ALUMINUM-SILICUM ALLOY
DE9422167U1 (en) * 1994-10-28 1999-05-12 Daimler Chrysler Ag Cylinder liner made of a hypereutectic aluminum / silicon alloy cast into a crankcase of a reciprocating piston engine
DE19542892C2 (en) * 1995-11-17 2000-08-10 Nagel Masch Werkzeug Method and device for honing piston races
DE19607774B4 (en) * 1996-03-01 2005-07-14 Nagel Maschinen- Und Werkzeugfabrik Gmbh Method for honing inner surfaces of a cylinder and cylinder
DE19627926A1 (en) * 1996-07-11 1998-01-15 Ks Aluminium Technologie Ag Process for machining cylinder liners
DE19708402C1 (en) * 1997-03-01 1998-08-27 Daimler Benz Aerospace Ag Wear resistant layer containing nanocrystalline hard material particles
DE19711756A1 (en) * 1997-03-21 1998-09-24 Audi Ag Coating light metal alloy workpiece
DE19733205B4 (en) * 1997-08-01 2005-06-09 Daimlerchrysler Ag Coating for a cylinder surface of a reciprocating engine of a hypereutectic aluminum / silicon alloy, spray powder for their production and their use

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE382452T1 (en) 2008-01-15
EP1103344A3 (en) 2003-10-01
DE19956306A1 (en) 2001-05-23
EP1103344A2 (en) 2001-05-30
DE50014890D1 (en) 2008-02-14
DE19956306B4 (en) 2010-02-11

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