EP1102518A1 - Connection for inductor comprising parallel circuits in the field of electrothermics - Google Patents

Connection for inductor comprising parallel circuits in the field of electrothermics Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1102518A1
EP1102518A1 EP99470022A EP99470022A EP1102518A1 EP 1102518 A1 EP1102518 A1 EP 1102518A1 EP 99470022 A EP99470022 A EP 99470022A EP 99470022 A EP99470022 A EP 99470022A EP 1102518 A1 EP1102518 A1 EP 1102518A1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inductor
circuits
parallel
outlet
pipe
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EP99470022A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Philippe Verlaine
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Philec SA
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Philec SA
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Priority to EP99470022A priority Critical patent/EP1102518A1/en
Publication of EP1102518A1 publication Critical patent/EP1102518A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/36—Coil arrangements
    • H05B6/42—Cooling of coils

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement to the connections for electrothermal inductors cooled by a liquid circulating inside the electrical conductors.
  • the invention applies to hydraulic connections and electrical inductors with multiple parallel circuits, for example inductors or fires, whether the central axis of the winding is vertical or horizontal.
  • the inductor (a) of vertical axis has eleven parallel circuits (b) of two turns (c) each, with respective inputs (d) and respective outputs (e) lead on the one hand into an inlet pipe (f) and on the other hand into a outlet pipe (g) parallel to the axis (h) of the inductor.
  • Each of the circuits (b) parallel constitutes an electrical circuit and a cooling water circuit.
  • the difference length between circuits and in particular between the first circuit and the last circuit is not negligible if we refer to the general input (i) and to the output general (j).
  • Hydraulic pressure drop and electrical resistance are therefore not identical in each of the circuits and can generate incidents of operation, even decommissioning of the inductor and significant costs of repair.
  • outlet pipe (g) In the upper part of the outlet pipe (g) is formed during operation of a gas pocket resulting from degassing of the water and / or its vaporization and / or trapped air when the circuit is filled with water hydraulic, the liquid flow in the extreme parallel circuit being lower because subject to more pressure drops, it can be laminar and not have enough flow velocity to take a gas pocket with it Training.
  • the presence of the gas pocket further increases the pressure drop in exit of the last turn which is no longer sufficiently cooled.
  • This phenomenon can only increase during operation until that the cooling water can no longer circulate in the last turn.
  • a first partial solution would be to install a purge system at the top of the outlet pipe (g) and / or the control devices on the circuits parallel.
  • This solution is technically feasible but complex and very expensive especially for large inductors operating in a tank under vacuum for which watertight outlets should be made, but above all it does not makes the hydraulic head losses and the resistances not equal to each other electrical circuits of different parallel circuits, those of circuits close to the input general (i) of the fluid and of the current remaining weaker than those of the circuits which are far from it, imbalances between currents and hydraulic flows subsisting despite this purge.
  • the plaintiff firstly had the idea of going against conventional wisdom and circulating the fluid in the same direction in the inlet and outlet pipes so as to have a loss identical charge in the circuits and, on the other hand, to create a means of trapping of gases at a point where the fluid flow is at its maximum.
  • the invention consists of an inductor for electrothermal applications of type with parallel circuits, each with the same number of turns in hollow copper profile tube inside which circulates the liquid cooling, this being brought to all the inputs of the circuits by a inlet manifold and being discharged through an outlet manifold in which lead to all the outputs of the circuits, characterized in that the length of current and coolant path is identical for each parallel circuit between general input and general output, resistance electric and the hydraulic head losses being thus identical for each parallel circuit.
  • the outlet pipe comprises a trapping elbow connected to the outlet tubing at a point where the fluid flow is maximum and where the fluid flows in the same direction as in the inlet manifold.
  • the outlet tubing comprises a pipe manifold into which all the outputs of the circuits open, said pipe being arranged substantially parallel to the axis of the inductor, its end, close to the general input of the inductor, is closed while its other end is connected to the trapping elbow connecting said collecting pipe to an outlet line, so that the fluid flows in the same direction in the manifold and in the inlet manifold.
  • the invention applies in particular but not limited to an inductor with vertical axis. It can also be applied to fireside chairs with a horizontal axis.
  • the inductor shown in Figure 2 by way of non-limiting example includes like that of the prior art of FIG. 1, eleven parallel circuits of two each turns.
  • the modification relates to the outlet pipe, the other elements remaining unchanged.
  • the coolant circulates present in the same direction as in the outlet tubing.
  • the inlet pipe can be provided between the collecting line (2) and the outlet pipe (4) to bring the turbulences (E) and (S) closer to each other traversed by the entire current and also limit the parasitic inductive flux created by these general connections (see sketch 3a), the axis of the inductor can be horizontal (see sketch 3b) and the pipes (2,4) will be bent at 90 ° to form the trap elbow, the outlet pipe may not be parallel to the pipe collector.
  • Another type of variant would consist in removing the outlet pipe (1) straight up (the trapping elbow then becomes useless) when the structure of the inductor allows it.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)

Abstract

The application is to an inductor with several e.g. 11, identical conductor coils, each with e.g. 2 turns, arranged sequentially on a common axis and connected electrically in parallel between two axially aligned busbars (E,S). Busbars and coils are both of tubular copper, and their hollow interiors intercommunicate at the coil end connections, forming equal numbers of parallel paths for the circulation of both electric current and cooling liquid. In the prior art, the bus-pipes are blanked off at the same end and connected at the other to the external electrical and coolant circuits. This can occasion operational problems due to the variation in path lengths, and hence in resistance and pressure drop, along the inductor. Instead, bus-pipes are blanked off at opposite ends. One open end (E) is the entry point for both external circuits, the other (S) is extended, through a U-shaped section (3) to provide the exit point (1), adjacent to the entry. Current and coolant then flow in the same direction in both pipes, equalizing the path lengths through each component coil. The arrangement applies equally to inductors with horizontal axes.

Description

La présente invention concerne un perfectionnement aux connexions pour inducteurs en électrothermie refroidis par un liquide circulant à l'intérieur des conducteurs électriques.The present invention relates to an improvement to the connections for electrothermal inductors cooled by a liquid circulating inside the electrical conductors.

Plus particulièrement, l'invention s'applique aux connexions hydrauliques et électriques des inducteurs à circuits parallèles multiples, par exemple les inducteurs ou les chauffeuses, que l'axe central du bobinage soit vertical ou horizontal.More particularly, the invention applies to hydraulic connections and electrical inductors with multiple parallel circuits, for example inductors or fires, whether the central axis of the winding is vertical or horizontal.

On comprendra mieux le problème résolu par l'invention en se référant à la figure 1 annexée qui montre un inducteur du type précité, dans son principe habituel de construction, et réalisé à partir de tubes de cuivre creux.The problem solved by the invention will be better understood by referring to the attached Figure 1 which shows an inductor of the aforementioned type, in principle usual construction, and made from hollow copper tubes.

L'inducteur (a) d'axe vertical comporte onze circuits parallèles (b) de deux spires (c) chacun, dont les entrées respectives (d) et les sorties (e) respectives débouchent d'une part dans un tubulure d'entrée (f) et d'autre part dans une tubulure de sortie (g) parallèles à l'axe (h) de l'inducteur. Chacun des circuits (b) parallèles constitue un circuit électrique et un circuit d'eau de refroidissement.The inductor (a) of vertical axis has eleven parallel circuits (b) of two turns (c) each, with respective inputs (d) and respective outputs (e) lead on the one hand into an inlet pipe (f) and on the other hand into a outlet pipe (g) parallel to the axis (h) of the inductor. Each of the circuits (b) parallel constitutes an electrical circuit and a cooling water circuit.

Dès que le nombre de circuits parallèles est supérieur à deux, la différence de longueur entre les circuits et notamment entre le premier circuit et le dernier circuit n'est pas négligeable si on se réfère à l'entrée générale (i) et à la sortie générale (j).As soon as the number of parallel circuits is greater than two, the difference length between circuits and in particular between the first circuit and the last circuit is not negligible if we refer to the general input (i) and to the output general (j).

La perte de charge hydraulique et la résistance électrique ne sont donc pas identiques dans chacun des circuits et peuvent générer des incidents de fonctionnement, voire la mise hors service de l'inducteur et des coûts importants de réparation.Hydraulic pressure drop and electrical resistance are therefore not identical in each of the circuits and can generate incidents of operation, even decommissioning of the inductor and significant costs of repair.

En partie haute de la tubulure de sortie (g) se forme en cours de fonctionnement une poche gazeuse résultant du dégazage de l'eau et/ou de sa vaporisation et/ou de l'air emprisonné au moment de la mise en eau du circuit hydraulique, le débit de liquide dans le circuit parallèle extrême étant plus faible car soumis à plus de pertes de charge, il peut être laminaire et ne pas avoir suffisamment de vitesse d'écoulement pour emmener avec lui une poche gazeuse en formation. In the upper part of the outlet pipe (g) is formed during operation of a gas pocket resulting from degassing of the water and / or its vaporization and / or trapped air when the circuit is filled with water hydraulic, the liquid flow in the extreme parallel circuit being lower because subject to more pressure drops, it can be laminar and not have enough flow velocity to take a gas pocket with it Training.

La présence de la poche gazeuse augmente encore la perte de charge en sortie de la dernière spire qui n'est plus suffisamment refroidie.The presence of the gas pocket further increases the pressure drop in exit of the last turn which is no longer sufficiently cooled.

L'eau s'y vaporise, augmentant encore l'importance de la poche gazeuse.The water vaporizes there, further increasing the importance of the gas pocket.

Ce phénomène ne peut que s'amplifier au cours du fonctionnement jusqu'à ce que l'eau de refroidissement ne puisse plus circuler dans la dernière spire.This phenomenon can only increase during operation until that the cooling water can no longer circulate in the last turn.

Les appareils de contrôle de débit et de température se trouvant en amont de l'entrée générale (i) et/ou en aval de la sortie (j), il est impossible de se rendre compte du dysfonctionnement dans le dernier circuit et de prévenir la panne.Upstream flow and temperature control devices from the general entrance (i) and / or downstream from the exit (j), it is impossible to go account of the malfunction in the last circuit and prevent failure.

L'échauffement endommage gravement le circuit concerné et les soudures.Overheating seriously damages the circuit concerned and the welds.

Une première solution partielle consisterait à installer un système de purge en haut de la tubulure de sortie (g) et/ou des appareils de contrôle sur les circuits parallèles. Cette solution est techniquement réalisable mais complexe et très onéreuse notamment pour les gros inducteurs fonctionnant dans une cuve sous vide pour lesquels il faudrait réaliser des sorties étanches, mais surtout elle ne rend pas égales entre elles les pertes de charge hydraulique ni les résistances électriques des différents circuits parallèles, celles des circuit proches de l'entrée générale (i) du fluide et du courant restant plus faibles que celles des circuits qui en sont éloignés, les déséquilibres entre les courants et les flux hydrauliques subsistant malgré cette purge.A first partial solution would be to install a purge system at the top of the outlet pipe (g) and / or the control devices on the circuits parallel. This solution is technically feasible but complex and very expensive especially for large inductors operating in a tank under vacuum for which watertight outlets should be made, but above all it does not makes the hydraulic head losses and the resistances not equal to each other electrical circuits of different parallel circuits, those of circuits close to the input general (i) of the fluid and of the current remaining weaker than those of the circuits which are far from it, imbalances between currents and hydraulic flows subsisting despite this purge.

Pour résoudre les problèmes précités, la demanderesse a d'une part eu l'idée d'aller à l'encontre des idées reçues et de faire circuler le fluide dans le même sens dans les tubulures d'entrée et de sortie de manière à avoir une perte de charge identique dans les circuits et, d'autre part, à créer un moyen de piégeage des gaz en un point où le débit du fluide est à son maximum.To resolve the above problems, the plaintiff firstly had the idea of going against conventional wisdom and circulating the fluid in the same direction in the inlet and outlet pipes so as to have a loss identical charge in the circuits and, on the other hand, to create a means of trapping of gases at a point where the fluid flow is at its maximum.

L'invention consiste en un inducteur pour applications en électrothermie du type à circuits parallèles, chacun comportant le même nombre de spires réalisées en tube profilé en cuivre creux à l'intérieur duquel circule le liquide de refroidissement, celui-ci étant amené à toutes les entrées des circuits par une tubulure d'entrée et étant évacué par une tubulure de sortie dans laquelle débouchent toutes les sorties des circuits, caractérisé en ce que la longueur de parcours du courant et du fluide de refroidissement est identique pour chaque circuit parallèle entre l'entrée générale et la sortie générale, la résistance électrique et les pertes de charge hydraulique étant ainsi identiques pour chaque circuit parallèle. The invention consists of an inductor for electrothermal applications of type with parallel circuits, each with the same number of turns in hollow copper profile tube inside which circulates the liquid cooling, this being brought to all the inputs of the circuits by a inlet manifold and being discharged through an outlet manifold in which lead to all the outputs of the circuits, characterized in that the length of current and coolant path is identical for each parallel circuit between general input and general output, resistance electric and the hydraulic head losses being thus identical for each parallel circuit.

Préférentiellement, la tubulure de sortie comporte un coude de piégeage connecté à la tubulure de sortie en un point où le débit du fluide est maximum et où le fluide circule dans le même sens que dans la tubulure d'entrée.Preferably, the outlet pipe comprises a trapping elbow connected to the outlet tubing at a point where the fluid flow is maximum and where the fluid flows in the same direction as in the inlet manifold.

Plus particulièrement, la tubulure de sortie comporte une conduite collectrice dans laquelle débouchent toutes les sorties des circuits, ladite conduite étant disposée sensiblement parallèlement à l'axe de l'inducteur, son extrémité, proche de l'entrée générale de l'inducteur, est fermée tandis que son autre extrémité est connectée au coude de piégeage reliant ladite conduite collectrice à une conduite de sortie, de sorte que le fluide circule dans le même sens dans la conduite collectrice et dans la tubulure d'entrée.More particularly, the outlet tubing comprises a pipe manifold into which all the outputs of the circuits open, said pipe being arranged substantially parallel to the axis of the inductor, its end, close to the general input of the inductor, is closed while its other end is connected to the trapping elbow connecting said collecting pipe to an outlet line, so that the fluid flows in the same direction in the manifold and in the inlet manifold.

L'invention s'applique en particulier mais non limitativement à un inducteur à axe vertical. Elle peut également s'appliquer aux chauffeuses d'axe horizontal.The invention applies in particular but not limited to an inductor with vertical axis. It can also be applied to fireside chairs with a horizontal axis.

On comprendra mieux l'invention à l'aide de la description qui suit faite en référence aux figures annexées suivantes :

  • Figure 1 : vue de face d'un inducteur à circuits parallèles de l'état de la technique dont l'axe central est vertical,
  • Figure 2: vue de face d'un inducteur à circuits parallèles modifié conformément à l'invention,
  • Figures 3a, 3b: croquis montrant des variantes possibles de construction.
The invention will be better understood using the following description made with reference to the following appended figures:
  • Figure 1 : front view of an inductor with parallel circuits of the prior art whose central axis is vertical,
  • FIG. 2 : front view of an inductor with parallel circuits modified in accordance with the invention,
  • Figures 3a, 3b : sketch showing possible construction variants.

L'inducteur représenté en figure 2 à titre d'exemple non limitatif comporte comme celui de l'art antérieur de la figure 1, onze circuits parallèles de deux spires chacun.The inductor shown in Figure 2 by way of non-limiting example includes like that of the prior art of FIG. 1, eleven parallel circuits of two each turns.

La modification porte sur la tubulure de sortie, les autres éléments restant inchangés.The modification relates to the outlet pipe, the other elements remaining unchanged.

Une tubulure de sortie (1) selon l'invention comporte trois parties :

  • une conduite collectrice (2) dans laquelle débouche toutes les sorties (e) des circuits (b), fermée à son extrémité proche de l'entrée générale (E) de la tubulure d'entrée,
  • un coude de piégeage (3),
  • une conduite de sortie (4) par exemple parallèle à la conduite collectrice.
An outlet pipe (1) according to the invention has three parts:
  • a collecting pipe (2) into which all the outputs (e) of the circuits (b) open, closed at its end close to the general inlet (E) of the inlet pipe,
  • a trapping elbow (3),
  • an outlet pipe (4), for example parallel to the collecting pipe.

Dans la conduite collectrice (2), le liquide de refroidissement circule à présent dans le même sens que dans la tubulure de sortie.In the collecting line (2), the coolant circulates present in the same direction as in the outlet tubing.

A présent, la perte de charge hydraulique et la résistance électrique sont identiques, pour chacun des circuits, entre l'entrée générale (E) et la sortie générale (S) qui sont traversées par la totalité du flux, le flux hydraulique de refroidissement et le courant se répartissant d'une manière égale entre les circuits en parallèle, et le risque de surchauffe n'existe plus.Now, the hydraulic head loss and the electrical resistance are identical, for each circuit, between the general input (E) and the output general (S) which are crossed by the entire flow, the hydraulic flow of cooling and the current is distributed equally between the circuits at the same time, and the risk of overheating no longer exists.

Si une poche gazeuse (5) se crée et se développe dans le coude de piégeage (4), celle-ci est soumise au débit global de sortie du fluide de refroidissement puis chassée dans la conduite de sortie (4) et évacuée automatiquement, ce débit global étant important et turbulent.If a gas pocket (5) is created and develops in the elbow of trapping (4), this is subject to the overall output flow of the cooling then expelled into the outlet pipe (4) and discharged automatically, this overall flow being large and turbulent.

Les variantes de construction sont bien évidemment possibles . Par exemple, la tubulure d'entrée peut être prévue entre la conduite collectrice (2) et la conduite de sortie (4) pour rapprocher l'une de l'autre les turbulences (E) et (S) parcourues par la totalité du courant et limiter aussi le flux inductif parasite créé par ces connexions générales (voir croquis 3a), l'axe de l'inducteur peut être horizontal (voir croquis 3b) et les conduites (2,4) seront coudées à 90° pour former le coude de piégeage, la conduite de sortie peut ne pas être parallèle à la conduite collectrice.Construction variants are obviously possible. Through example, the inlet pipe can be provided between the collecting line (2) and the outlet pipe (4) to bring the turbulences (E) and (S) closer to each other traversed by the entire current and also limit the parasitic inductive flux created by these general connections (see sketch 3a), the axis of the inductor can be horizontal (see sketch 3b) and the pipes (2,4) will be bent at 90 ° to form the trap elbow, the outlet pipe may not be parallel to the pipe collector.

Un autre type de variante consisterait à faire sortir la tubulure de sortie (1) directement vers le haut (le coude de piégeage devenant alors inutile) quand la structure de l'inducteur le permet.Another type of variant would consist in removing the outlet pipe (1) straight up (the trapping elbow then becomes useless) when the structure of the inductor allows it.

Claims (6)

Inducteur pour applications en électrothermie du type à circuits parallèles, chacun comportant le même nombre de spires réalisées en tube profilé en cuivre creux où circule le liquide de refroidissement, le courant global parcourant l'inducteur et le flux liquide global de refroidissement de l'inducteur étant amenés à toutes les entrées des circuits par une entrée générale (E) d'une tubulure d'entrée et étant évacué par une sortie générale (S) d'une tubulure de sortie dans laquelle débouchent toutes les sorties des circuits, caractérisé en ce que la longueur de parcours du courant et du fluide de refroidissement est identique pour chaque circuit parallèle entre l'entrée générale (E) et la sortie générale (S), la résistance électrique et les pertes de charge hydraulique étant ainsi identiques pour chaque circuit parallèle.Inductor for circuit type electrothermal applications parallel, each with the same number of turns made in profiled hollow copper tube through which the coolant, the overall current flowing through the inductor and the overall liquid flow of inductor cooling being brought to all the inputs of the circuits by a general inlet (E) of an inlet pipe and being evacuated by a general outlet (S) from an outlet pipe in which lead to all the outputs of the circuits, characterized in that the path length of the current and the coolant is identical for each parallel circuit between the general input (E) and the general output (S), electrical resistance and pressure losses thus being identical for each parallel circuit. Inducteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la tubulure de sortie comporte un coude de piégeage (3) connecté à la tubulure de sortie en un point où le débit du fluide est maximum et où le fluide circule dans le même sens que dans la tubulure d'entrée.Inductor according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubing of outlet has a trap elbow (3) connected to the manifold outlet at a point where the fluid flow is maximum and where the fluid flows in the same direction as in the inlet tubing. Inducteur selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la tubulure de sortie comporte une conduite collectrice (2) dans laquelle débouchent toutes les sorties des circuits, ladite conduite étant disposée sensiblement parallèlement à l'axe de l'inducteur, son extrémité, proche de l'entrée générale (E) de l'inducteur, est fermée tandis que son autre extrémité est connectée au coude de piégeage (3) reliant ladite conduite collectrice (2) à une conduite de sortie (4), de sorte que le fluide circule dans le même sens dans la conduite collectrice et dans la tubulure d'entrée.Inductor according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the outlet manifold comprises a collecting pipe (2) in which lead to all the outputs of the circuits, said pipe being arranged substantially parallel to the axis of the inductor, its end, close of the general input (E) of the inductor, is closed while its other end is connected to the trapping elbow (3) connecting said pipe manifold (2) to an outlet pipe (4), so that the fluid circulates in the same direction in the manifold and in the tubing entry. Inducteur selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la conduite de sortie (4) est parallèle à l'axe de l'inducteur.Inductor according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the outlet pipe (4) is parallel to the axis of the inductor. Inducteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de l'inducteur est vertical.Inductor according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the inductor axis is vertical. Inducteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de l'inducteur est horizontal.Inductor according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the axis of the inductor is horizontal.
EP99470022A 1999-11-18 1999-11-18 Connection for inductor comprising parallel circuits in the field of electrothermics Withdrawn EP1102518A1 (en)

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EP99470022A EP1102518A1 (en) 1999-11-18 1999-11-18 Connection for inductor comprising parallel circuits in the field of electrothermics

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3081989A (en) * 1960-04-20 1963-03-19 Ohio Crankshaft Co Induction heating coil
US3725629A (en) * 1971-07-16 1973-04-03 Park O Ind Inc Slab heating device
DE4328402C1 (en) * 1993-08-24 1995-02-16 Peter Goetz Transformer for induction-type heaters

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3081989A (en) * 1960-04-20 1963-03-19 Ohio Crankshaft Co Induction heating coil
US3725629A (en) * 1971-07-16 1973-04-03 Park O Ind Inc Slab heating device
DE4328402C1 (en) * 1993-08-24 1995-02-16 Peter Goetz Transformer for induction-type heaters

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