EP0348299A1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0348299A1
EP0348299A1 EP89401752A EP89401752A EP0348299A1 EP 0348299 A1 EP0348299 A1 EP 0348299A1 EP 89401752 A EP89401752 A EP 89401752A EP 89401752 A EP89401752 A EP 89401752A EP 0348299 A1 EP0348299 A1 EP 0348299A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
chamber
guide tube
tubes
exchanger according
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Granted
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EP89401752A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0348299B1 (en
Inventor
Bernard Raymond Schmitt
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INNOVATIONS THERMIQUES
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INNOVATIONS THERMIQUES
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Priority to AT89401752T priority Critical patent/ATE77473T1/en
Publication of EP0348299A1 publication Critical patent/EP0348299A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/225—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating electrical central heating boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F28D7/106—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically consisting of two coaxial conduits or modules of two coaxial conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger which comprises a hollow body having a supply chamber and a discharge chamber connected by at least one guide tube in which extends at least one elongated heating element, for example containing the minus an electrical resistance, so that a fluid can pass from the supply chamber to the evacuation chamber by flowing in the space separating the heating element and the guide tube.
  • said hollow body further has two intermediate chambers connected by at least one connecting tube which is arranged around said guide tube and which connects these intermediate chambers, so that a second fluid can pass from one intermediate chamber in the other, flowing in the space separating said guide tube and said connecting tube.
  • said supply and discharge chambers can advantageously be connected by several guide tubes in each of which extends at least one elongated heating element, said intermediate chambers then being able to be connected by several connection tubes disposed respectively around said guide tubes.
  • said guide tube, said connecting tube and possibly said elongated heating element are preferably cylindrical and coaxial so as to determine annular flow spaces for the fluids.
  • said hollow body comprises a first intermediate partition separating said intermediate chambers and carrying said connecting tube, a second intermediate partition separating one of the intermediate chambers and the supply chamber and a third intermediate partition separating the other intermediate chamber and the evacuation chamber, these second and third partitions carrying said guide tube and one of the end walls of said body being traversed and carrying said elongated heating element.
  • said hollow body may advantageously further comprise two end walls and an outer wall extending parallel to said tubes, said partitions being carried by this outer wall.
  • said spaces are such that the flow of fluid therein is turbulent.
  • means are preferably provided for centering said guide tube in said connecting tube so as to maintain a constant distance between these tubes.
  • these centering means are formed by local deformations of one of said tubes, deformations which bear on the other tube.
  • said guide tube is preferably tightly connected to the wall of said supply chamber through which it passes and / or to the wall of said discharge chamber through which it passes, via 'A deformable means in the direction of the length of this guide tube.
  • the aforementioned deformable means is constituted by an annular or tubular bellows tightly connected on the one hand to the guide tube and on the other hand to the wall of the aforementioned chamber.
  • the heat exchanger shown in the figures and generally identified by the reference 1 comprises a hollow body 2 which has a longitudinal cylindrical wall 3 as well as radial end walls 4 and 5.
  • the interior volume of the hollow body 2 is, longitudinally, divided into four successive chambers 6, 7, 8, 9 which are respectively separated by radial partitions 10, 11 and 12.
  • the cylindrical wall 3 of the body 2 is longitudinally divided into parts provided with flanges on which these radial partitions are fixed respectively.
  • the intermediate chambers 7 and 8 are connected, in the example, by two longitudinal cylindrical tubes 13 and 14 which extend through the intermediate radial partition 11 and which are carried, preferably in leaktight manner, by the latter, the ends of these connecting tubes 13 and 14 being at a distance from the radial partitions 10 and 12.
  • the end chambers 6 and 9 are connected by cylindrical longitudinal guide tubes 15 and 16 which extend through the connection tubes 13 and 14 being coaxial with them and which extend through the radial walls 10 and 12, the guide tubes 15 and 16 being carried by these radial walls 10 and 12 in a sealed manner and their ends being respectively at a distance from the end walls 4 and 5 of the hollow body 2.
  • the intermediate chambers 7 and 8 are connected by the annular spaces 17 and 18 separating respectively the connecting tubes 13 and 14 and the guide tubes 15 and 16.
  • longitudinal elongated heating elements 19 and 20 which also extend through the end chamber 6 and the end wall 4 and which are carried by this last. These elongated heating elements contain electrical resistances at least in the region of the guide tubes 15 and 16.
  • end chambers 6 and 9 are connected by the annular passages 21 and 22 separating the elongated heating elements 19 and 20 and the guide tubes 15 and 16.
  • the wall 3 of the cylindrical body 2 carries on the one hand radial pipes 23 and 24 which make it possible to connect the end chambers 6 and 9 to a first external circuit and on the other hand radial pipes 25 and 26 which allow to connect the intermediate chambers 7 and 8 to a second external circuit.
  • the heat exchanger 1 described above and shown in the figures works and can be used as follows.
  • a first fluid such as a liquid circulating in the aforementioned first circuit enters the supply chamber 6 through the radial tube 23, flows into the annular spaces 21 and 22 separating respectively the heating elements 19 and 20 and the guide tubes 15 and 16 to the evacuation chamber 9, from which it emerges through the radial tube 24.
  • the first fluid is heated during its passage through the annular spaces 21 and 22.
  • a second fluid such as a liquid circulating in the aforementioned second circuit enters the first intermediate chamber 7 through the radial tube 25, flows through the annular spaces 17 and 18 separating respectively the connecting tubes 13 and 14 and the tubes guides 15 and 16 to the second intermediate chamber 8 to exit therefrom through the radial tube 26.
  • this fluid which circulates in the first aforementioned circuit, is passed through annular spaces 21 and 22 in which it is heated by the electrical resistance of the elongated heating elements 19 and 20 and, to cool it, it is done pass through these annular spaces 21 and 22 and at the same time a second cooling fluid, which circulates in the aforementioned second circuit, is passed through the annular spaces 17 and 18.
  • the length of the connecting tubes 13 and 14, which determines the length of the annular passages 17 and 18, constitutes one of the parameters for determining the heat flux between the two fluids.
  • the elongated heating elements 19 and 20 are carried by the end wall 4 of the hollow body 2 and extend through the supply chamber 6 and into the guide tubes 15 and 16.
  • these elongated heating elements 19 and 20 are suitably centered.
  • the elongated heating elements 19 and 20 and the guide tubes 15 and 16 can slide longitudinally relative to each other in order to absorb their deformations due to temperature variations.
  • connecting tubes 13 and 14 pass through and are carried by the intermediate partition 11.
  • the connecting tubes 13 and 14 are also provided with local deformations 28 extending inwards and against which the guide tubes 15 and 16 bear respectively.
  • the guide tubes 15 and 16 are respectively fixed to the walls 10 and 12 of the hollow body 2 in a sealed manner, for example by welding.
  • sleeves 29 are tightly fixed against the partition 12 and surround the guide tubes 15 and 16.
  • Sleeves 30 surround and are tightly fixed to these guide tubes, at a distance sleeves 29.
  • the heat exchanger which has just been described is designed not only to allow several modes of heat transfer but also so that the parts which compose it undergo limited mechanical stresses.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

Heat exchanger (1) comprising a hollow body (2) exhibiting a feed chamber (6) and an evacuation chamber (9) which are connected by at least one guide tube (15) in which there extends at least one elongate heating element (19) in such a manner that a fluid can pass from the feed chamber to the evacuation chamber by flowing into the space separating the heating element and the guide tube, said hollow body (1) further exhibiting two intermediate chambers (7, 8) connected by at least one linking tube (13) which is disposed around said guide tube (15) and which connects these intermediate chambers in such a manner that a second fluid can pass from one intermediate chamber into the other by flowing into the space (17) separating the guide tube and the linking tube. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à un échangeur de chaleur qui comprend un corps creux présentant une chambre d'alimen­tation et une chambre d'évacuation reliées par au moins un tube guide dans lequel s'étend au moins un élément chauffant allongé, par exemple renfermant au moins une résistance électrique, de telle sorte qu'un fluide peut passer de la chambre d'alimentation à la chambre d'évacuation en s'écoulant dans l'espace séparant l'élément chauffant et le tube guide.The present invention relates to a heat exchanger which comprises a hollow body having a supply chamber and a discharge chamber connected by at least one guide tube in which extends at least one elongated heating element, for example containing the minus an electrical resistance, so that a fluid can pass from the supply chamber to the evacuation chamber by flowing in the space separating the heating element and the guide tube.

Conformément à la présente invention, ledit corps creux présente en outre deux chambres intermédiaires reliées par au moins un tube de liaison qui est disposé autour dudit tube guide et qui relie ces chambres intermédiaires, de telle sorte qu'un second fluide peut passer d'une chambre intermédiaire dans l'autre en s'écoulant dans l'espace séparant ledit tube guide et ledit tube de liaison.According to the present invention, said hollow body further has two intermediate chambers connected by at least one connecting tube which is arranged around said guide tube and which connects these intermediate chambers, so that a second fluid can pass from one intermediate chamber in the other, flowing in the space separating said guide tube and said connecting tube.

Ainsi, il est notamment possible d'effectuer des trans­ferts de chaleur entre l'élément chauffant allongé et le premier fluide circulant dans l'espace séparant cet élément et le tube guide et des transferts de chaleur, de l'un vers l'autre, entre les deux fluides circulant de part et d'autre du tube guide.Thus, it is in particular possible to carry out heat transfers between the elongated heating element and the first fluid circulating in the space separating this element and the guide tube and heat transfers, from one to the other, between the two fluids flowing on either side of the guide tube.

Selon la présente invention, lesdites chambres d' alimen­tation et d'évacuation peuvent avantageusement être reliées par plusieurs tubes guides dans chacun desquels s'étend au moins un élément chauffant allongé, lesdites chambres intermédiaires pouvant alors être reliées par plusieurs tubes de liaison disposés respecti­vement autour desdits tubes guides.According to the present invention, said supply and discharge chambers can advantageously be connected by several guide tubes in each of which extends at least one elongated heating element, said intermediate chambers then being able to be connected by several connection tubes disposed respectively around said guide tubes.

Conformément à la présente invention, ledit tube guide, ledit tube de liaison et éventuellement ledit élément chauffant allongé sont de préférence cylindriques et coaxiaux de manière à déterminer des espaces annulaires d'écoulement pour les fluides.According to the present invention, said guide tube, said connecting tube and possibly said elongated heating element are preferably cylindrical and coaxial so as to determine annular flow spaces for the fluids.

Dans une variante de réalisation préférée de l'inven­tion, ledit corps creux comprend une première cloison intermédiaire séparant lesdites chambres intermédiaires et portant ledit tube de liaison, une deuxième cloison intermédiaire séparant l'une des chambres intermédiaires et la chambre d'alimentation et une troisième cloison intermédiaire séparant l'autre chambre intermédiaire et la chambre d'évacuation, ces deuxième et troisième cloisons portant ledit tube guide et l'une des parois d'extrémité dudit corps étant traversé et port ledit élément chauffant allongé.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, said hollow body comprises a first intermediate partition separating said intermediate chambers and carrying said connecting tube, a second intermediate partition separating one of the intermediate chambers and the supply chamber and a third intermediate partition separating the other intermediate chamber and the evacuation chamber, these second and third partitions carrying said guide tube and one of the end walls of said body being traversed and carrying said elongated heating element.

Selon l'invention, ledit corps creux peut avantageu­sement comprendre en outre deux parois d'extrémité ainsi qu'une paroi extérieure s'étendant parallèlement auxdits tubes, lesdites cloisons étant portées par cette paroi extérieure.According to the invention, said hollow body may advantageously further comprise two end walls and an outer wall extending parallel to said tubes, said partitions being carried by this outer wall.

Selon la présente invention, lesdits espaces sont tels que l'écoulement de fluide dans ces derniers est turbulent.According to the present invention, said spaces are such that the flow of fluid therein is turbulent.

Selon l'invention, des moyens sont de préférence prévus pour le centrage dudit tube guide dans ledit tube de liaison de manière à maintenir une distance constante entre ces tubes. Dans une réalisation préférée, ces moyens de centrage sont formés par des déformations locales de l'un desdits tubes, déformations qui prennent appui sur l'autre tube.According to the invention, means are preferably provided for centering said guide tube in said connecting tube so as to maintain a constant distance between these tubes. In a preferred embodiment, these centering means are formed by local deformations of one of said tubes, deformations which bear on the other tube.

Selon l'invention, ledit tube guide est de préférence relié de manière étanche à la paroi de ladite chambre d'alimentation qu' il traverse et/ou à la paroi de ladite chambre d'évacuation qu'il traverse, par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen déformable dans le sens de la longueur de ce tube guide. Ainsi, les contraintes mécaniques que pourraient subir ce tube guide à cause des variations de température sont limitées. Dans une variante de réalisation préférée, le moyen déformable précité est constitué par un soufflet annulaire ou tubulaire relié de manière étanche d'une part au tube guide et d'autre part à la paroi de la chambre précitée.According to the invention, said guide tube is preferably tightly connected to the wall of said supply chamber through which it passes and / or to the wall of said discharge chamber through which it passes, via 'A deformable means in the direction of the length of this guide tube. Thus, the mechanical stresses that this guide tube could undergo due to temperature variations are limited. In a preferred embodiment, the aforementioned deformable means is constituted by an annular or tubular bellows tightly connected on the one hand to the guide tube and on the other hand to the wall of the aforementioned chamber.

La présente invention sera mieux comprise à l'étude d'un échangeur de chaleur décrit à titre d'exemple non limitatif et illustré par le dessin sur lequel :

  • - la figure 1 représente une coupe longitudinale d'un échangeur de chaleur selon la présente invention ;
  • - la figure 2 représente une coupe transversale selon II-II de l'échangeur de chaleur de la figure 1 :
  • - la figure 3 montre une coupe radiale agrandie d'un mode de réalisation permettant le centrage des éléments tubulaires de l'échangeur de chaleur de la figure 1 :
  • - la figure 4 montre une coupe longitudinale du mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 3, à une échelle agrandie ;
  • - et la figure 5 représente une coupe longitudinale d'un mode de liaison de deux parties de l'échangeur de chaleur représenté sur la figure 1, à une échelle agrandie.
The present invention will be better understood from the study of a heat exchanger described by way of nonlimiting example and illustrated by the drawing in which:
  • - Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a heat exchanger according to the present invention;
  • - Figure 2 shows a cross section along II-II of the heat exchanger of Figure 1:
  • - Figure 3 shows an enlarged radial section of an embodiment allowing the centering of the tubular elements of the heat exchanger of Figure 1:
  • - Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section of the embodiment shown in Figure 3, on an enlarged scale;
  • - And Figure 5 shows a longitudinal section of a method of connecting two parts of the heat exchanger shown in Figure 1, on an enlarged scale.

L'échangeur de chaleur représenté sur les figures et reperé d'une manière générale par la référence 1 comprend un corps creux 2 qui présente une paroi cylindrique longitudinale 3 ainsi que des parois radiales d'extrémité 4 et 5.The heat exchanger shown in the figures and generally identified by the reference 1 comprises a hollow body 2 which has a longitudinal cylindrical wall 3 as well as radial end walls 4 and 5.

A partir de la paroi d'extrémité, le volume intérieur du corps creux 2 est, longitudinalement, divisé en quatre chambres successives 6, 7, 8, 9 qui sont respectivement séparées par des cloisons radiales 10, 11 et 12. Dans l'exemple, la paroi cylindrique 3 du corps 2 est longitudinalement divisée en parties munies de brides sur lesquelles sont respectivement fixées ces cloisons radiales.From the end wall, the interior volume of the hollow body 2 is, longitudinally, divided into four successive chambers 6, 7, 8, 9 which are respectively separated by radial partitions 10, 11 and 12. In the example , the cylindrical wall 3 of the body 2 is longitudinally divided into parts provided with flanges on which these radial partitions are fixed respectively.

Les chambres intermédiaires 7 et 8 sont reliées, dans l'exemple, par deux tubes longitudinaux cylindriques 13 et 14 qui s'étendent au travers de la cloison radiale intermédiaire 11 et qui sont portés, de préférence de manière étanche, par cette dernière, les extrémités de ces tubes de liaison 13 et 14 étant à distance des cloisons radiales 10 et 12.The intermediate chambers 7 and 8 are connected, in the example, by two longitudinal cylindrical tubes 13 and 14 which extend through the intermediate radial partition 11 and which are carried, preferably in leaktight manner, by the latter, the ends of these connecting tubes 13 and 14 being at a distance from the radial partitions 10 and 12.

Les chambres d'extrémité 6 et 9 sont reliées par des tubes guides longitudinaux cylindriques 15 et 16 qui s'étendent au travers des tubes de liaison 13 et 14 en leur étant coaxiaux et qui s'étendent au travers des parois radiales 10 et 12, les tubes guides 15 et 16 étant portés par ces parois radiales 10 et 12 de manière étanche et leurs extrémités étant respectivement à distance des parois d'extrémité 4 et 5 du corps creux 2.The end chambers 6 and 9 are connected by cylindrical longitudinal guide tubes 15 and 16 which extend through the connection tubes 13 and 14 being coaxial with them and which extend through the radial walls 10 and 12, the guide tubes 15 and 16 being carried by these radial walls 10 and 12 in a sealed manner and their ends being respectively at a distance from the end walls 4 and 5 of the hollow body 2.

Ainsi, les chambres intermédiaires 7 et 8 sont reliées par les espaces annulaires 17 et 18 séparant respectivement les tubes de liaison 13 et 14 et les tubes guides 15 et 16.Thus, the intermediate chambers 7 and 8 are connected by the annular spaces 17 and 18 separating respectively the connecting tubes 13 and 14 and the guide tubes 15 and 16.

Dans les tubes guides 15 et 16 et coaxialement à ces derniers, s'étendent des éléments chauffants allongés longitudinaux 19 et 20 qui s'étendent également au travers de la chambre d'extré­mité 6 et de la paroi d'extrémité 4 et qui sont portés par cette dernière. Ces éléments chauffants allongés renferment des résis­tances électriques au moins dans la zone des tubes guides 15 et 16.In the guide tubes 15 and 16 and coaxially with them extend longitudinal elongated heating elements 19 and 20 which also extend through the end chamber 6 and the end wall 4 and which are carried by this last. These elongated heating elements contain electrical resistances at least in the region of the guide tubes 15 and 16.

Ainsi, les chambres d'extrémité 6 et 9 sont reliées par les passages annulaires 21 et 22 séparant les éléments chauffants allongés 19 et 20 et les tubes guides 15 et 16.Thus, the end chambers 6 and 9 are connected by the annular passages 21 and 22 separating the elongated heating elements 19 and 20 and the guide tubes 15 and 16.

Enfin, la paroi 3 du corps cylindrique 2 porte d'une part des tubulures radiales 23 et 24 qui permettent de relier les chambres d'extrémité 6 et 9 à un premier circuit extérieur et d'autre part des tubulures radiales 25 et 26 qui permettent de relier les chambres intermédiaires 7 et 8 à un second circuit extérieur.Finally, the wall 3 of the cylindrical body 2 carries on the one hand radial pipes 23 and 24 which make it possible to connect the end chambers 6 and 9 to a first external circuit and on the other hand radial pipes 25 and 26 which allow to connect the intermediate chambers 7 and 8 to a second external circuit.

L'échangeur de chaleur 1 décrit ci-dessus et représenté sur les figures fonctionne et peut être utilisé de la manière suivante.The heat exchanger 1 described above and shown in the figures works and can be used as follows.

Un premier fluide tel qu'un liquide circulant dans le premier circuit précité entre dans la chambre d'alimentation 6 par la tubulure radiale 23, s'écoule dans les espaces annulaires 21 et 22 séparant respectivement les éléments chauffants 19 et 20 et les tubes guides 15 et 16 vers la chambre d'évacuation 9, de laquelle il ressort par la tubulure radiale 24.A first fluid such as a liquid circulating in the aforementioned first circuit enters the supply chamber 6 through the radial tube 23, flows into the annular spaces 21 and 22 separating respectively the heating elements 19 and 20 and the guide tubes 15 and 16 to the evacuation chamber 9, from which it emerges through the radial tube 24.

Ainsi, lorsque les résistances électriques que renfer­ment les éléments chauffants allongés 19 et 20 sont alimentées en énergie électrique, le premier fluide est chauffé lors de son passage dans les espaces annulaires 21 et 22.Thus, when the electrical resistances contained in the elongated heating elements 19 and 20 are supplied with electrical energy, the first fluid is heated during its passage through the annular spaces 21 and 22.

Un second fluide tel qu'un liquide circulant dans le second circuit précité pénètre dans la première chambre intermé­diaire 7 par la tubulure radiale 25, s'écoule au travers des espace annulaires 17 et 18 séparant respectivement les tubes de liaison 13 et 14 et les tubes guides 15 et 16 vers la deuxième chambre intermédiaire 8 pour en ressortir par la tubulure radiale 26.A second fluid such as a liquid circulating in the aforementioned second circuit enters the first intermediate chamber 7 through the radial tube 25, flows through the annular spaces 17 and 18 separating respectively the connecting tubes 13 and 14 and the tubes guides 15 and 16 to the second intermediate chamber 8 to exit therefrom through the radial tube 26.

Ainsi, lorsque le second fluide s'écoule dans les espaces annulaires 17 et 18 et que le premier fluide s'écoule dans les espaces annulaires 21 et 22, un échange de chaleur peut se produire de l'un vers l'autre au travers des la paroi des tubes guides 15 et 16.Thus, when the second fluid flows in the annular spaces 17 and 18 and the first fluid flows in the annular spaces 21 and 22, heat exchange can occur from one to the other through the the wall of the guide tubes 15 and 16.

Dans un exemple d'application, on peut avoir besoin dans un premier temps de chauffer un fluide puis dans un second temps de le refroidir. Pour celà, on fait passer ce fluide, qui circule dans le premier circuit précité, au travers des espaces annulaires 21 et 22 dans lesquelles il est réchauffé par la résis­tance électrique des éléments chauffants allongés 19 et 20 et, pour le refroidir, on le fait passer dans ces espaces annulaires 21 et 22 et en même temps on fait passer un second fluide de refroidissement, qui circule dans le second circuit précité, dans les espaces annulaires 17 et 18. Bien entendu, la longueur des tubes de liaison 13 et 14, qui détermine la longueur des passages annulaires 17 et 18, constitue l'un des paramètres pour déterminer le flux thermique entre les deux fluides.In an example application, you may need to heat a fluid first and then in a second time to cool it down. For this, this fluid, which circulates in the first aforementioned circuit, is passed through annular spaces 21 and 22 in which it is heated by the electrical resistance of the elongated heating elements 19 and 20 and, to cool it, it is done pass through these annular spaces 21 and 22 and at the same time a second cooling fluid, which circulates in the aforementioned second circuit, is passed through the annular spaces 17 and 18. Of course, the length of the connecting tubes 13 and 14, which determines the length of the annular passages 17 and 18, constitutes one of the parameters for determining the heat flux between the two fluids.

Afin d'obtenir des flux thermiques importants aussi bien entre les éléments chauffants allongés 19 et 20 et le fluide circulant dans les espaces annulaires 21 et 22 qu'entre le fluide circulant dans les espaces annulaires 17 et 18 et le fluide circulant dans les espaces annulaires 21 et 22, il est particulièrement avan­tageux que ces espaces annulaires soient formés et dimensionnés de telle sorte que l'écoulement de fluide dans ces derniers soit turbulent.In order to obtain significant heat fluxes both between the elongated heating elements 19 and 20 and the fluid circulating in the annular spaces 21 and 22 and between the fluid circulating in the annular spaces 17 and 18 and the fluid circulating in the annular spaces 21 and 22, it is particularly advantageous for these annular spaces to be formed and dimensioned so that the flow of fluid therein is turbulent.

Comme on l'a vu, les éléments chauffants allongés 19 et 20 sont portés par la paroi d'extrémité 4 du corps creux 2 et s'étendent au travers de la chambre d'alimentation 6 et dans les tubes guides 15 et 16. Pour maintenir coaxialement ces éléments chauffants 19 et 20 et les tubes guides 15 et 16, afin que l'espace annulaire les séparant soit constant, on propose, selon la variante représentée sur les figures 3 et 4, de former dans la paroi des tubes guides 19 et 20 des déformations locales 27 qui s'étendent en saillie vers l'intérieur et contre lesquelles viennent en appui respectivement les éléments chauffants 19 et 20. Ainsi, ces éléments chauffants allongés 19 et 20 sont convenablement centrés. En outre, les éléments chauffants allongés 19 et 20 et les tubes guides 15 et 16 peuvent glisser longitudinalement les uns par rapport aux autres afin d'absorber leurs déformations dues aux variations de température.As we have seen, the elongated heating elements 19 and 20 are carried by the end wall 4 of the hollow body 2 and extend through the supply chamber 6 and into the guide tubes 15 and 16. For maintain these heating elements 19 and 20 coaxially and the guide tubes 15 and 16, so that the annular space separating them is constant, it is proposed, according to the variant represented in FIGS. 3 and 4, to form guide tubes in the wall 19 and 20 local deformations 27 which project inwards and against which the heating elements 19 and 20 bear respectively. Thus, these elongated heating elements 19 and 20 are suitably centered. In addition, the elongated heating elements 19 and 20 and the guide tubes 15 and 16 can slide longitudinally relative to each other in order to absorb their deformations due to temperature variations.

On a vu que les tubes de liaison 13 et 14 traversent et sont portés par la cloison intermédiaire 11. Afin de maintenir constant l'espace annulaire les séparant des tubes guides 15 et 16 et de permettre un glissement longitudinal de ces tubes de liaison par rapport à ces tubes guides, absorbant les déformations dues aux variations de température, on voit sur les figures 3 et 4 que les tubes de liaison 13 et 14 sont également pourvus de déformations locales 28 s'étendant vers l'intérieur et contre lesquelles viennent en appui respectivement les tubes guides 15 et 16.We have seen that the connecting tubes 13 and 14 pass through and are carried by the intermediate partition 11. In order to maintain constant the annular space separating them from the guide tubes 15 and 16 and allowing a longitudinal sliding of these connecting tubes with respect to these guide tubes, absorbing the deformations due to temperature variations, we see in Figures 3 and 4 that the connecting tubes 13 and 14 are also provided with local deformations 28 extending inwards and against which the guide tubes 15 and 16 bear respectively.

Dans le mode d'exécution représenté sur les figures 1 et 2, les tubes guides 15 et 16 sont respectivement fixés aux parois 10 et 12 du corps creux 2 de manière étanche, par exemple par soudure. Dans la variante représentée sur la figure 5, on propose de relier les tubes guides 15 et 16 à la cloison 12 du corps creux 2 par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen déformable dans le sens longitudinal afin d'absorber les variations de longueur de ces tubes guides 15 et 16 dues aux variations de température et d'éviter ainsi des contraintes mécaniques exagérées sur ces derniers. Dans ce mode de réalisation préféré représenté sur la figure 5, des manchons 29 sont fixés de manière étanche contre la cloison 12 et entourent les tubes guides 15 et 16. Des manchons 30 entourent et sont fixés de manière étanche à ces tubes guides, à distance des manchons 29. Ces manchons 29 et 30 sont reliés par des soufflets annulaires ou tubulaires 31, de préférence métallique, dont les extrémités longitudinales sont fixées de manière étanche aux manchons 29 et 30. Ainsi, les soufflets 31 permettent d'absorber les variations de position longitudinale des tubes guides 15 et 16 par rapport à la cloison 12.In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, the guide tubes 15 and 16 are respectively fixed to the walls 10 and 12 of the hollow body 2 in a sealed manner, for example by welding. In the variant shown in Figure 5, it is proposed to connect the guide tubes 15 and 16 to the partition 12 of the hollow body 2 by means of a deformable means in the longitudinal direction in order to absorb the variations in length of these guide tubes 15 and 16 due to temperature variations and thus avoid exaggerated mechanical stresses on the latter. In this preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 5, sleeves 29 are tightly fixed against the partition 12 and surround the guide tubes 15 and 16. Sleeves 30 surround and are tightly fixed to these guide tubes, at a distance sleeves 29. These sleeves 29 and 30 are connected by annular or tubular bellows 31, preferably metallic, the longitudinal ends of which are tightly fixed to the sleeves 29 and 30. Thus, the bellows 31 make it possible to absorb variations in longitudinal position of the guide tubes 15 and 16 relative to the partition 12.

L'échangeur de chaleur qui vient d'être décrit est conçu non seulement pour permettre plusieurs modes de transfert de chaleur mais également pour que les pièces qui le com-posent subissent des contraintes mécaniques limitées.The heat exchanger which has just been described is designed not only to allow several modes of heat transfer but also so that the parts which compose it undergo limited mechanical stresses.

La présente invention ne se limite pas aux exemples ci-dessus décrits. Bien des variantes de réalisation sont possibles sans sortir du cadre défini par les revendications annexées.The present invention is not limited to the examples described above. Many alternative embodiments are possible without departing from the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. Echangeur de chaleur (1) comprenant un corps creux (2) présentant une chambre d'alimentation (6) et une chambre d'évacu­ation (9) reliées par au moins un tube guide (15) dans lequel s'étend au moins un élément chauffant allongé (19) de telle sorte qu'un fluide peut passer de la chambre d'alimentation à la chambre d'évacu­ation en s'écoulant dans l'espace (21) séparant l'élément chauffant et le tube guide, caractérisé par le fait que ledit corps creux (1) présente en outre deux chambres intermédiaires (7, 8) reliées par au moins un tube de liaison (13) qui est disposé autour dudit tube guide (15) et qui relie ces chambres intermédiaires de telle sorte qu'un second fluide peut passer d'une chambre intermédiaire dans l'autre en s'écoulant dans l'espace (17) séparant le tube guide et le tube de liaison.1. Heat exchanger (1) comprising a hollow body (2) having a supply chamber (6) and a discharge chamber (9) connected by at least one guide tube (15) in which extends at least an elongated heating element (19) so that a fluid can pass from the supply chamber to the evacuation chamber by flowing into the space (21) separating the heating element and the guide tube, characterized in that said hollow body (1) also has two intermediate chambers (7, 8) connected by at least one connecting tube (13) which is arranged around said guide tube (15) and which connects these intermediate chambers in such a way so that a second fluid can pass from one intermediate chamber into the other, flowing in the space (17) separating the guide tube and the connecting tube. 2. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les chambres d'alimentation (6) et d'évacuation (9) sont reliées par plusieurs tubes guides dans chacun desquels s'étend au moins un élément chauffant allongé et que les chambres intermédiaires (7, 8) sont reliées par plusieurs tubes de liaison disposés respectivement autour desdits tubes guides.2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply (6) and discharge (9) chambers are connected by several guide tubes in each of which extends at least one elongated heating element and that the intermediate chambers (7, 8) are connected by several connecting tubes disposed respectively around said guide tubes. 3. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé par le fait que ledit tube guide (15), ledit tube de liaison (13) et éventuellement ledit élément allongé (19) sont cylindriques et co-axiaux.3. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said guide tube (15), said connecting tube (13) and optionally said elongated member (19) are cylindrical and co-axial. 4. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que ledit corps creux (2) comprend une première cloison intermédiaire (11) séparant lesdites chambres intermédiaires (7, 8) et portant ledit tube de liaison (13), une deuxième cloison intermédiaire (10) séparant l'une des chambres intermédiaires (7) et la chambre d'alimentation (6) et une troisième cloison intermédiaire (12) séparant l'autre chambre intermédiaire (8) et la chambre d'évacuation (9), ces deuxième et troisième cloisons portant ledit tube guide (15) et l'une des parois d'extrémité (4) étant traversée et portant ledit élément chauffant allongé (19).4. Heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said hollow body (2) comprises a first intermediate partition (11) separating said intermediate chambers (7, 8) and carrying said connecting tube (13 ), a second intermediate partition (10) separating one of the intermediate chambers (7) and the supply chamber (6) and a third intermediate partition (12) separating the other intermediate chamber (8) and the chamber outlet (9), these second and third partitions carrying said guide tube (15) and one of the end walls (4) being passed through and carrying said elongated heating element (19). 5. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que ledit corps creux (2) comprend en outre deux parois d'extrémité (4, 5) et une paroi extérieure (3) s'étendant parallèlement auxdits tubes, lesdites cloisons (10, 11, 12) étant portées par cette paroi extérieure.5. Heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that said hollow body (2) further comprises two end walls (4, 5) and an outer wall (3) extending parallel to said tubes, said partitions (10, 11, 12) being carried by this outer wall. 6. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits espaces (17, 21) sont tels que l'écoulement de fluide de ces derniers est turbulent.6. Heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said spaces (17, 21) are such that the flow of fluid from the latter is turbulent. 7. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que des moyens sont prévus pour le centrage du tube guide (15) dans le tube de liaison (13) de manière à maintenir une distance constante entre ces tubes.7. Heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that means are provided for centering the guide tube (15) in the connecting tube (13) so as to maintain a constant distance between these tubes . 8. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits moyens de centrage sont formés par des déformations locales (28) de l'un desdits tubes qui prennent appui sur l'autre.8. Heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said centering means are formed by local deformations (28) of one of the said tubes which bear on the other. 9. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que ledit tube guide (15) est relié de manière étanche à la paroi (12) de ladite chambre d'alimentation qu'il traverse et/ou à la paroi de ladite chambre d'évacuation qu'il traverse par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen déformable (31) dans le sens de la longueur de ce tube guide.9. Heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said guide tube (15) is tightly connected to the wall (12) of the said feed chamber through which it passes and / or to the wall of said evacuation chamber which it crosses by means of a deformable means (31) in the direction of the length of this guide tube. 10. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le moyen déformable précité est constitué par un soufflet annulaire ou tubulaire (31) relié de manière étanche d'une part au tube guide et d'autre part à la paroi de la chambre précitée.10. Heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the aforementioned deformable means is constituted by an annular or tubular bellows (31) tightly connected on the one hand to the guide tube and on the other hand to the wall of the aforementioned chamber.
EP89401752A 1988-06-22 1989-06-21 Heat exchanger Expired - Lifetime EP0348299B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89401752T ATE77473T1 (en) 1988-06-22 1989-06-21 HEAT EXCHANGER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8808396 1988-06-22
FR8808396A FR2633378B1 (en) 1988-06-22 1988-06-22 TWO-FLOW HEAT EXCHANGER

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0348299A1 true EP0348299A1 (en) 1989-12-27
EP0348299B1 EP0348299B1 (en) 1992-06-17

Family

ID=9367596

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89401752A Expired - Lifetime EP0348299B1 (en) 1988-06-22 1989-06-21 Heat exchanger

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EP (1) EP0348299B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE77473T1 (en)
DE (1) DE68901815T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2033105T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2633378B1 (en)

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR648964A (en) * 1928-02-14 1928-12-17 Improvements to tubular heat exchangers
US2775682A (en) * 1955-08-12 1956-12-25 Turbine Equipment Company Electric fluid heater
FR1569319A (en) * 1967-06-20 1969-05-30
FR2333206A1 (en) * 1975-11-27 1977-06-24 Giraud Gabriel Miniature heating equipment for house - has common housing for central heating and domestic hot water heaters
CH593470A5 (en) * 1975-07-10 1977-11-30 Schulthess Ad Maschinenfabrik Heat exchanger, esp. for use in textile dyeing - has automatic completely independently regulated heating and cooling systems
US4254826A (en) * 1979-09-11 1981-03-10 Pvi Industries Inc. Modular heat exchanger
EP0031919A1 (en) * 1979-12-21 1981-07-15 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Annular space tube bundle heat exchanger
US4440217A (en) * 1982-06-10 1984-04-03 Stieler Scott M Counterflow heat exchanger
DE3318722A1 (en) * 1983-05-21 1984-11-22 K.H. Michael Dipl.-Ing. Schunk (FH), 7441 Wolfschlugen Heat exchanger
DE3419442A1 (en) * 1983-05-25 1984-12-20 Kogata Gasu Reibo-gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai, Tokio/Tokyo HEAT EXCHANGER

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR648964A (en) * 1928-02-14 1928-12-17 Improvements to tubular heat exchangers
US2775682A (en) * 1955-08-12 1956-12-25 Turbine Equipment Company Electric fluid heater
FR1569319A (en) * 1967-06-20 1969-05-30
CH593470A5 (en) * 1975-07-10 1977-11-30 Schulthess Ad Maschinenfabrik Heat exchanger, esp. for use in textile dyeing - has automatic completely independently regulated heating and cooling systems
FR2333206A1 (en) * 1975-11-27 1977-06-24 Giraud Gabriel Miniature heating equipment for house - has common housing for central heating and domestic hot water heaters
US4254826A (en) * 1979-09-11 1981-03-10 Pvi Industries Inc. Modular heat exchanger
EP0031919A1 (en) * 1979-12-21 1981-07-15 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Annular space tube bundle heat exchanger
US4440217A (en) * 1982-06-10 1984-04-03 Stieler Scott M Counterflow heat exchanger
DE3318722A1 (en) * 1983-05-21 1984-11-22 K.H. Michael Dipl.-Ing. Schunk (FH), 7441 Wolfschlugen Heat exchanger
DE3419442A1 (en) * 1983-05-25 1984-12-20 Kogata Gasu Reibo-gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai, Tokio/Tokyo HEAT EXCHANGER

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2633378B1 (en) 1991-01-11
ES2033105T3 (en) 1993-03-01
ATE77473T1 (en) 1992-07-15
EP0348299B1 (en) 1992-06-17
DE68901815D1 (en) 1992-07-23
FR2633378A1 (en) 1989-12-29
DE68901815T2 (en) 1992-12-17

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