EP1100320B1 - Habitat pour animaux en cage - Google Patents

Habitat pour animaux en cage Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1100320B1
EP1100320B1 EP99936840A EP99936840A EP1100320B1 EP 1100320 B1 EP1100320 B1 EP 1100320B1 EP 99936840 A EP99936840 A EP 99936840A EP 99936840 A EP99936840 A EP 99936840A EP 1100320 B1 EP1100320 B1 EP 1100320B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sawdust
animals
litter
cage
nestpak
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99936840A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1100320A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Cliff Willan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
University of Leicester
Original Assignee
University of Leicester
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9816852.9A external-priority patent/GB9816852D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9903675.8A external-priority patent/GB9903675D0/en
Application filed by University of Leicester filed Critical University of Leicester
Publication of EP1100320A1 publication Critical patent/EP1100320A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1100320B1 publication Critical patent/EP1100320B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
    • A01K1/02—Pigsties; Dog-kennels; Rabbit-hutches or the like
    • A01K1/03—Housing for domestic or laboratory animals
    • A01K1/031—Cages for laboratory animals; Cages for measuring metabolism of animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
    • A01K1/01—Removal of dung or urine, e.g. from stables
    • A01K1/0107—Cat trays; Dog urinals; Toilets for pets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
    • A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
    • A01K1/0152—Litter

Definitions

  • This invention relates to habitat for caged animals such as nesting rodents.
  • caged animals including laboratory animals and rodents such as mice, rats, hamsters and gerbils are kept in an enclosure in the form of a box or glass-walled tank, strewn with litter.
  • the present invention addresses these problems.
  • the invention comprises habitat for caged animals, for example nesting rodents, comprising a penetrable envelope of food grade material containing litter.
  • the envelope may be penetrable by gnawing or chewing, and may be biodegradable, and edible, or of food grade material.
  • a woven or non-woven fabric of a natural or reconstituted cellulose fibre or depending on application a porous plastic sheet may be used for example.
  • the litter may also be biodegradable and, desirably, absorbent. It, too, may be of cellulosic material such as, for example, paper, sawdust e.g. dust-free whitewood sawdust, crushed com cob, hemp, or of pelleted cellulosic material such as is used for cat litter.
  • cellulosic material such as, for example, paper, sawdust e.g. dust-free whitewood sawdust, crushed com cob, hemp, or of pelleted cellulosic material such as is used for cat litter.
  • the envelope may also contain additional substances or "enrichment products" for example foodstuffs or other ingredients such as medicaments or toys such as cardboard tubes.
  • a habitat may be provided containing foodstuff laced with antibiotics to effect treatment of an unwell animal.
  • the present invention is particularly suitable for a modem retail environment such as supermarkets, providing sealed unit envelopes containing litter which are suitable for packaging and presentation on shelves and display units.
  • the habitat comprises a penetrable envelope 11 containing litter 12.
  • the envelope 11 is of a perforate paper mesh, akin to a large tea bag, though any of a variety of other materials that may be air permeable, biodegradable, chewable, edible or food grade, for example a perforate bread wrapping, may serve.
  • the litter 12 is for example of white wood sawdust, but could be of shredded or pelleted paper or any other material conventionally used for animal litter. It is preferably absorbent so that soil areas do not become waterlogged.
  • the litter-filled envelope 11 is simply placed at the bottom of an animal enclosure. Rodents will readily chew through the envelope 11 and burrow into the litter 12 for nesting and soil areas.
  • the habitat is a manufactured item rather than a bulk supply of litter
  • stricter controls can apply as to depth of litter, packing density and so forth, and various additives can be used for purposes of environmental enhancement.
  • Risk of cross infection may be reduced because cleaning out an enclosure can be simplified as the old habitat can easily be removed and a new one dropped in place depending on local practices.
  • the dimensions of the habitat can be chosen to be suitable for any particular rodent, or a universal model can be made that will serve for the larger animals as well as the smaller ones. Probably, a depth of 10 cm will serve for most burrowing rodents (except rabbits, of course and rodents such as coypu which, in captivity, probably don't burrow in any event) the other dimensions corresponding to those of, say, laboratory standard enclosures or domestic pet enclosures for which the habitat may be specifically designed.
  • mice at different ages Male and female Wistar Rats and MF1 mice at different ages were placed in various cage systems, including a triple preference unit. They were observed with sawdust alone, sawdust and shredded paper and sealed test packs, in single cages with only one product at a time, and in a preference system, where they were allowed to choose the product to inhabit.
  • Test packs were produced and placed into two tecniplast 2154 makrolon cages to make simple visual observations to assess whether rodents would display any interest in sealed pack as follows;
  • Cage 1 housed 10 adult female B6CBF mice
  • mice gnawed body size holes into the packs, and spent their initial time borrowing, and eventually emptied the sawdust and dispersed it around the cage and manufactured a nest from the paper.
  • the initial response from the rats was to systematically chew open a large hole in the pack and within the first hour had totally removed the sawdust from the pack and dispensed it around the cage. By the following day they had made a nest out of the paper sack.
  • Three Preference system units consisting of 3 Tecniplast 2154 makrolon cages interlinked with 70mm sq x 450mm perspex tunnels with an opening port to place the animals into the unit, rather than into any particular cage. This was to ensure repeatability of entry to the system.
  • Each cage was a standard Tecniplast 2154 fitted with a stainless gridded top with indwelling diet and water hoppers with an interlocking port fitted into each of them. For the purpose of the trials an equal amount of diet and water was presented to each cage.
  • Trial 4 Cage Type Preference System No. 1 Animals : 3 Male Wistar Rats @ 8 - 10 weeks Preference Cage No. Days 1 & 2 Days 3 & 4 Days 5 & 6 Days 7 & 8 No. 1 Sawdust Nestpak Sawdust Sawdust Nesting Material No. 2 Sawdust Sawdust Nestpak Sawdust Nesting Material No. 3 Sawdust Sawdust Sawdust Nestpak Nesting Material Trial 5 Cage Type : Preference System No. 2 Animals : 3 Female Wistar Rats @ 8 - 10 weeks Preference Cage No.
  • Hotel syndrome was displayed by 97% of animals placed in either the standard cages or the preference systems where the animals continually moved from one cage to another.
  • Hotel syndrome was displayed by 98% of animals placed in either the standard cages or the preference systems, 11 % of the animals showed an immediate interest in the shredded paper generally running and displaying play activity with cage mates.
  • One rat in the preference system relocated the shredded paper into the cage with the Nestpak.
  • Hotel syndrome was displayed in all animals (100%) when placed in cages/preference systems with only Nestpaks present, in all cases the animals showed some immediate interest in the paks, with 77% of the animals interacted with the Nestpaks immediately on contact, displaying chewing and climbing activities.
  • Burrowing activity was displayed in all cages, initial activity was to climb and burrow under the Nestpaks, this was followed by gnawing at the packs and then entering in and out of the packs (mice) via the holes that had been made to the total removal of all the sawdust from the packs and then running in and out of the empty pack.
  • mice or rats The animals dispersed all the sawdust evenly around the cage, there appeared to be very limited if any attempt to form a nest area with the mice or rats.
  • the animals dispersed the sawdust around the cage with larger amounts incorporated at the resting site.
  • mice When in no other nesting materials were present those animals who made a nest (mainly mice) utilised the shredded paper for this purpose.
  • the aims of the study was to assess whether Nestpaks could improve the environmental activities within animals cages whilst at the same time prove to be more user friendly with increased safety aspects to the operator.
  • the Nestpaks have shown a great advantage over loose sawdust and nesting materials. Storage Nestpaks can be packed in easy to store cartons or crates making storage safer and only on product to store.
  • Safety is increased for the operator as there is no dust aerosols from the bedding or nesting materials when dispensed.
  • Cost effective the amount of bedding and nesting materials dispensed is always the same between different operators, and the time taken to load cages is greatly reduced as only one product is being dispensed.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Habitat pour des animaux en cage comportant une enveloppe pouvant être pénétrée (11) en matière de qualité alimentaire contenant de la litière (12).
  2. Habitat selon la revendication 1, l'enveloppe (11) contenant en outre au moins l'un du groupe se composant d'un aliment, d'un médicament et d'un jouet.
  3. Habitat selon la revendication 1 ou 2, l'enveloppe (11) pouvant être pénétrée en étant mâchée.
  4. Habitat selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, l'enveloppe (11) étant biodégradable.
  5. Habitat selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, l'enveloppe (11) étant comestible.
  6. Habitat selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, la litière (12) étant biodégradable.
  7. Habitat selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, la litière (12) étant absorbante.
  8. Habitat selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, la litière (12) étant en matière cellulosique.
  9. Habitat selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, la litière (12) étant en papier.
  10. Habitat selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, la litière (12) étant de la sciure.
  11. Habitat selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, la litière (12) étant en épi de maïs broyé.
  12. Habitat selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, la litière (12) étant en chanvre.
  13. Habitat selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, destiné à abriter des rongeurs.
  14. Habitat selon la revendication 13, destiné à abriter des rongeurs choisis dans le groupe composé des souris, des rats, des hamsters et des gerbilles.
  15. Procédé de remplissage d'un enclos pour animal avec de la litière (12), comportant le fait de placer un habitat selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans ledit enclos pour animal, et d'introduire un animal dans ledit enclos pour animal.
  16. Procédé de remplissage d'un enclos pour animal avec de la litière (12), comportant le fait d'introduire un animal dans ledit enclos pour animal, et de placer un habitat selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans ledit enclos pour animal.
  17. Procédé de remplissage d'un enclos pour animal selon la revendication 16 ou 17, l'enclos pour animal étant une cage.
  18. Enclos pour animal comportant une cage destinée à abriter des rongeurs contenant un habitat selon la revendication 13 ou 14.
EP99936840A 1998-08-04 1999-08-04 Habitat pour animaux en cage Expired - Lifetime EP1100320B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9816852 1998-08-04
GBGB9816852.9A GB9816852D0 (en) 1998-08-04 1998-08-04 Habitat for nesting rodents
GBGB9903675.8A GB9903675D0 (en) 1999-02-18 1999-02-18 Habitat for caged animals
GB9903675 1999-02-18
PCT/GB1999/002521 WO2000007435A1 (fr) 1998-08-04 1999-08-04 Habitat pour animaux en cage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1100320A1 EP1100320A1 (fr) 2001-05-23
EP1100320B1 true EP1100320B1 (fr) 2003-12-03

Family

ID=26314157

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99936840A Expired - Lifetime EP1100320B1 (fr) 1998-08-04 1999-08-04 Habitat pour animaux en cage

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6584934B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1100320B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE255326T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU757934B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE69913352T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000007435A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003023893A (ja) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-28 Ajinomoto Co Inc 動物飼育用資材
DE10161359B4 (de) * 2001-11-05 2009-07-30 Mars Incorporated Katzentoilette
JP2003274003A (ja) * 2002-03-13 2003-09-26 Toshiba Corp ハンズフリー通話装置及び携帯電話機
US20040224053A1 (en) * 2003-05-06 2004-11-11 Markham Joseph P. Habitat for caged animals and method of improving animal environment
US20070261642A1 (en) * 2006-05-12 2007-11-15 Neubardt Seth L Housing for gerbils and like pets
DE102011010356B4 (de) * 2011-02-04 2016-05-12 Roland Tammer Käfigkomponente für einen Tierkäfig und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
WO2013019916A2 (fr) * 2011-08-02 2013-02-07 Purdue Research Foundation Système de mise en balle et de distribution d'un matériau de nidification pour l'enrichissement environnemental de souris
US8826861B2 (en) 2013-01-14 2014-09-09 Edstrom, Inc. Absorbent pad for use with animal caging systems
CN115968797A (zh) * 2022-11-23 2023-04-18 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 一种动物刻板行为检测装置及其应用

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3921581A (en) * 1974-08-01 1975-11-25 Star Kist Foods Fragrant animal litter and additives therefor
US3964438A (en) * 1975-06-30 1976-06-22 Metaframe Corporation Food blanket for animals
US4448151A (en) * 1980-03-20 1984-05-15 Lowe Henry E Cat box filler system and method
US4471717A (en) * 1981-08-24 1984-09-18 Lander Harry L Non-water wettable granular material and method of preparing and using same
US4553671A (en) * 1983-09-02 1985-11-19 Anthony Cheesman Tear-open compartmented cat litter container
CA1249714A (fr) * 1984-06-20 1989-02-07 Donald B. Martin Materiau absorptif
US4807564A (en) * 1986-10-28 1989-02-28 Logical, Inc. Multiple disposable animal litter container
GB8710000D0 (en) * 1987-04-28 1987-06-03 Kirkwood D Animal litter packaging
DE3732807A1 (de) * 1987-09-29 1989-04-06 Pirotte Futtermittel Einstreumaterial fuer kleintiere und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US5347950A (en) * 1992-05-22 1994-09-20 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Animal litter composition and package
US5524326A (en) * 1993-01-21 1996-06-11 Markowitz; Eli Interactive game between pet and owner
FR2712459B1 (fr) * 1993-11-19 1996-04-05 Philippe Lamerant Litière biodégradable pour animaux, contenant des anas de lin ou de chanvre ou leurs mélanges imprégnés par une composition huileuse d'hygiène et fixatrice.
AUPM627594A0 (en) * 1994-06-16 1994-07-07 Willis, Gregory Lynn Dr Animal bedding material
US5792470A (en) * 1996-08-08 1998-08-11 Baumgardner, Sr.; Merwyn J. Edible container for administering medication to animals

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69913352D1 (de) 2004-01-15
EP1100320A1 (fr) 2001-05-23
DE69913352T2 (de) 2004-10-07
AU757934B2 (en) 2003-03-13
AU5181499A (en) 2000-02-28
US6584934B1 (en) 2003-07-01
ATE255326T1 (de) 2003-12-15
WO2000007435A1 (fr) 2000-02-17

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