EP1099086A1 - Device for loading parts to be heat treated - Google Patents

Device for loading parts to be heat treated

Info

Publication number
EP1099086A1
EP1099086A1 EP00925390A EP00925390A EP1099086A1 EP 1099086 A1 EP1099086 A1 EP 1099086A1 EP 00925390 A EP00925390 A EP 00925390A EP 00925390 A EP00925390 A EP 00925390A EP 1099086 A1 EP1099086 A1 EP 1099086A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arms
partition
parts
loading
composite material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00925390A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1099086B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Maumus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA filed Critical Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
Publication of EP1099086A1 publication Critical patent/EP1099086A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1099086B1 publication Critical patent/EP1099086B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D5/00—Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace
    • F27D5/005—Supports specially adapted for holding elongated articles in an upright position, e.g. sparking plugs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
    • A47F5/00—Show stands, hangers, or shelves characterised by their constructional features
    • A47F5/08—Show stands, hangers, or shelves characterised by their constructional features secured to the wall, ceiling, or the like; Wall-bracket display devices
    • A47F5/0807—Display panels, grids or rods used for suspending merchandise or cards supporting articles; Movable brackets therefor
    • A47F5/0815—Panel constructions with apertures for article supports, e.g. hooks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/12—Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D5/00—Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loading device, or tool, for supporting parts in a heat treatment oven.
  • a particular, but not exclusive, field of application of the invention is that of tools for supporting parts in a cementation furnace.
  • thermostructural composite material in place of a metallic material, for producing hearths for heat treatment ovens.
  • Several floors can be provided, being spaced from each other by spacers also made of a thermostructural composite material.
  • the composite material used is a carbon-carbon composite material (CC) or a ceramic matrix composite material (CMC).
  • CC carbon-carbon composite material
  • CMC ceramic matrix composite material
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks of the devices of the prior art and for this purpose proposes a loading device made essentially of thermostructural composite material comprising: a base, a partition rising above the base and comprising , for example, uprights between which cross members, and a plurality of support arms attached to the partition and extending substantially horizontally therefrom to their free ends, the arms being arranged so substantially symmetrical on either side of the partition, so that the parts to be treated can be supported in overhang by said arms.
  • thermostructural composite materials such as C-C composites and CMCs are characterized by their dimensional stability and their resistance to bending, the latter authorizing the loading of parts in overhang.
  • a te! device can be made light and airy, while providing a large filling capacity. It is therefore easy to handle, offers a large capacity for exchanges with the parts to be treated, in particular during case hardening or quenching operations, and has a high loading efficiency.
  • the arms extending substantially symmetrically on both sides of the partition, it is possible to achieve balanced loading.
  • pins can be mounted on the support arms to materialize locations of parts to be treated. These can be threaded or hung on the support arms, when they have an internal passage, or can be suspended by leaning on two neighboring arms.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a loading device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view showing a part of the elements of the loading device of Figure 1 before their mutual assembly;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of a loading device according to the invention.
  • the loading device 10 in FIG. 1 is particularly suitable for supporting annular parts A, such as gearbox gears. Only a few parts A are shown in FIG. 1.
  • the device comprises (FIGS. 1 and 2) a support structure formed essentially of a base or sole 12, of a vertical partition 14 supported by the base 12, in the middle part thereof, lateral reinforcing gussets 16, 18 and horizontal support arms 20.
  • the central partition 14 comprises lateral uprights 140, 142 between which extend horizontal crosspieces 144.
  • the support arms 20 are formed by bars 22 which, in their central part, are supported by the crosspieces 144.
  • the bars 22 extend on either side of the partition 14, each forming two opposite arms aligned with the same dimensions. At their end remote from the partition 14, the arms 20 are free.
  • the horizontal support arms 20 could be screwed onto the partition 14, on either side of the latter.
  • the arms are mounted substantially symmetrically with respect to the median vertical plane of the partition. This means that the arms are substantially the same dimensions and the same number on each side of the partition, but not necessarily exactly aligned in pairs.
  • the above elements constituting the support structure are made of a thermostructural composite material.
  • the composite materials that can be used are carbon / carbon composite materials (C / C) and ceramic matrix composite materials (CMC).
  • the C / C composites are obtained by making a fibrous preform of carbon fibers and densifying the preform by forming a carbon matrix within its porosity.
  • the carbon matrix can be obtained by liquid means, that is to say by impregnation of the preform by means of a liquid composition (such as a resin) carbon precursor and heat treatment to transform the precursor into carbon, or by gas, that is to say by chemical vapor infiltration.
  • CMCs are obtained by making a fibrous preform of refractory fibers, for example carbon or ceramic fibers, and densification of the preform by forming a ceramic matrix within its porosity.
  • the ceramic matrix for example made of silicon carbide (SiC) can be obtained by the liquid route or by chemical vapor infiltration.
  • thermostructural composite materials lies in their excellent mechanical properties, in particular their resistance to bending.
  • thermostructural composite materials lies in their great dimensional stability, even when they are exposed to strong temperature variations. This makes it possible to keep practically invariable position references for the support arms 20 and therefore to have the precision required for the robotization of the loading and unloading operations.
  • the method of supporting the parts A on the arms 20 also makes this robotization easy.
  • the embodiment of the loading device with arms 20 extending on each side of the partition 14, substantially symmetrical with respect thereto, also makes it possible to carry out loading and unloading simultaneously and symmetrically on both sides of the partition. This results in significant time savings for carrying out these operations.
  • the parts A can be placed on the arms 20 side by side or in predetermined locations, these being for example materialized by notches formed on the arms.
  • the uprights 140, 142 have end portions 140a, 142a which engage in corresponding housings 12a, 12b formed in the base 12, while the crosspieces 144 have end parts 144a, 144b which engage in housings, such as 142ç, formed in the uprights 140, 142.
  • housings 142ç_ can be provided at regular intervals along the uprights 140, 142 in order to mount the sleepers 144 with an interval determined according to the size of the parts A in the vertical direction.
  • the gussets 16, 18 have tenons 16a, 18a along their lower edges which engage in corresponding housings 12ç_, 12d formed in the base 12.
  • the uprights 140, 142 are supported on the gussets 16, 18 by recesses 140d, 142d formed along their outer edges.
  • Each bar 22 has in its central part a notch 22a which cooperates with a notch 144c formed in a cross member 144 in order to embed the bar on the cross member.
  • Each crosspiece has notches 144c distributed over its length in order to mount bars 22 on the same crosspiece with an interval determined according to the size of the parts A in the horizontal direction.
  • each upright 140, 142 can be completed by making each upright 140, 142 not in one piece, but in several pieces assembled end to end.
  • the uprights 140, 142 and crosspieces 144 of the partition 14 can be produced in a single piece, for example by machining a plate of thermostructural composite material.
  • Figure 1 shows that the loading device has a very large filling capacity while having a light and airy structure, recesses can be made in elements of the structure such as the base 12 and the gussets 16, 18. Handling of the complete loading device is therefore easy. In addition, when the heat treatment includes the diffusion of gas in contact with the parts, gas exchanges with the parts are facilitated.
  • the loading device of FIG. 3 differs from that of FIG. 1 in that it is more particularly intended for the support of elongated solid parts, such as shafts B which are arranged vertically (in FIG. 3, parts B are shown only on one side of the charging device). In addition, the locations of the parts B are materialized by pins 26 on which the parts rest.
  • the construction of the reinforcing structure is identical to that of FIG. 1, with the base 12 supporting the central partition 14 on which the bars 22 are mounted forming the horizontal arms 20 having their free ends.
  • the number of crosspieces 144 of the central partition, between the uprights 140, 142, and the spacing between the crosspieces are determined according to the vertical size of the pieces B.
  • the mutual spacing between the arms 20 is determined according to the horizontal size of the pieces B. It is in fact noted that each piece B rests by a shoulder on two pins 26 carried by adjacent arms 20 in the same locations on these arms, each piece being inserted for loading into the interval between two arms.
  • the pins 26 are distributed along each arm with mutual spacing as a function of the horizontal size of the parts B, in a direction parallel to the arms 20.
  • the pins 26 can be made of a thermostructural composite material, for example the same as that of the other elements of the support structure, or of a refractory metallic material.
  • the pins 26 may be in the form of studs simply mounted slightly by force on the arms 20, without gluing.
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 have shown loading devices each supporting identical parts, it goes without saying that parts of different shapes may be placed on the same loading device.

Abstract

The rack is made essentially out of thermostructural composite material and comprises a baseplate (12), a partition (14) extending above the baseplate, and a plurality of support arms (20) fixed to the partition and extending substantially horizontally therefrom to their own free ends, so that parts to be treated (A) can be supported in cantilevered-out positions on said arms.

Description

Dispositif de chargement de pièces à traiter thermiquement Device for loading parts to be heat treated
Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention
L'invention concerne un dispositif de chargement, ou outillage, destiné à supporter des pièces dans un four de traitement thermique.The invention relates to a loading device, or tool, for supporting parts in a heat treatment oven.
Un domaine particulier, mais non exclusif, d'application de l'invention est celui des outillages de support de pièces dans un four de cémentation.A particular, but not exclusive, field of application of the invention is that of tools for supporting parts in a cementation furnace.
Arrière-plan de l'inventionInvention background
Dans le domaine précité, les outillages les plus couramment utilisés sont métalliques. Ils présentent les principaux inconvénients suivants :In the aforementioned field, the most commonly used tools are metallic. They have the following main drawbacks:
- ils se cémentent et deviennent rapidement cassants, ce qui peut entraîner de graves désordres dans les fours ;- they cement and quickly become brittle, which can cause serious disorders in the ovens;
- ils doivent être massifs pour éviter des déformations trop importantes sous charge, déformations qui à leur tour pourraient entraîner des déformations des pièces supportées, nécessitant une rectification ultérieure et, par conséquent, une perte d'épaisseur de la couche cémentée ;- They must be massive to avoid excessive deformation under load, deformation which in turn could lead to deformation of the supported parts, requiring subsequent rectification and, consequently, a loss of thickness of the cemented layer;
- des outillages massifs rendent plus difficiles les échanges gazeux et diminuent le rendement de chargement, c'est-à-dire la part de volume utile occupée par les pièces à traiter ;- massive tools make gas exchange more difficult and reduce the loading efficiency, that is to say the share of useful volume occupied by the parts to be treated;
- les chocs thermiques violents peuvent entraîner des déforma- tions et ruptures du métal ; et- violent thermal shocks can cause deformations and ruptures of the metal; and
- les inévitables variations dimensionnelles d'origine thermique rendent impossible la robotisation des opérations de chargement et de déchargement des pièces et de manutention de l'outillage, en raison d'un défaut rédhibitoire de précision de position. II est déjà connu, notamment du document EP 0 518 746-A, d'utiliser un matériau composite thermostructural, à la place d'un matériau métallique, pour réaliser des soles de fours de traitement thermique. Plusieurs soles peuvent être prévues en étant espacées les unes des autres par des entretoises réalisées également en un matériau composite thermostructural. Le matériau composite utilisé est un matériau composite carbone-carbone (C-C) ou un matériau composite à matrice céramique (CMC). Toutefois, ce dispositif de chargement connu ne s'avère pas adapté pour réaliser un chargement optimal, comme cela peut être souhaité lorsqu'un nombre relativement élevé de pièces identiques doivent être traitées. En outre, ce dispositif ne se prête pas à la robotisa- tion des opérations de chargement et de déchargement des pièces.- the inevitable dimensional variations of thermal origin make it impossible to robotize the operations of loading and unloading of parts and handling of tools, due to a crippling defect in position accuracy. It is already known, in particular from document EP 0 518 746-A, to use a thermostructural composite material, in place of a metallic material, for producing hearths for heat treatment ovens. Several floors can be provided, being spaced from each other by spacers also made of a thermostructural composite material. The composite material used is a carbon-carbon composite material (CC) or a ceramic matrix composite material (CMC). However, this known loading device is not suitable for achieving optimal loading, as may be desired when a relatively large number of identical parts have to be processed. In addition, this device does not lend itself to robotization of parts loading and unloading operations.
Objet et résumé de l'inventionSubject and summary of the invention
La présente invention a pour objet de remédier aux inconvénients précités des dispositifs de l'art antérieur et propose à cet effet un dispositif de chargement réalisé essentiellement en matériau composite thermostructural comportant : un socle, une cloison s'élevant au-dessus du socle et comprenant, par exemple, des montants entre lesquels s'étendent des traverses, et une pluralité de bras de support fixés à la cloison et s'étendant sensiblement horizontalement à partir de celle-ci jusqu'à leurs extrémités libres, les bras étant disposés de façon sensiblement symétrique de part et d'autre de la cloison, de sorte que des pièces à traiter peuvent être supportées en porte-à-faux par lesdits bras.The object of the present invention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks of the devices of the prior art and for this purpose proposes a loading device made essentially of thermostructural composite material comprising: a base, a partition rising above the base and comprising , for example, uprights between which cross members, and a plurality of support arms attached to the partition and extending substantially horizontally therefrom to their free ends, the arms being arranged so substantially symmetrical on either side of the partition, so that the parts to be treated can be supported in overhang by said arms.
Le dispositif de chargement, du fait de sa réalisation en matériau composite thermostructural et de la présence de bras horizon- taux ayant une extrémité libre, offre la précision de position et l'accessibilité requises pour une robotisation des opérations de chargement et déchargement des pièces à traiter. En effet, les matériaux composites thermostructuraux tels que les composites C-C et les CMC se caractérisent par leur stabilité dimensionnelle et leur résistance à la flexion, celle-ci autorisant le chargement des pièces en porte-à-faux.The loading device, due to its construction in thermostructural composite material and the presence of horizontal arms having a free end, provides the position accuracy and accessibility required for robotization of the loading and unloading operations of the parts to be treat. Indeed, thermostructural composite materials such as C-C composites and CMCs are characterized by their dimensional stability and their resistance to bending, the latter authorizing the loading of parts in overhang.
En outre, un te! dispositif peut être réalisé de façon légère et aérée, tout en offrant une grande capacité de remplissage. Il est donc facile à manipuler, offre une grande capacité d'échanges avec les pièces à traiter, notamment lors d'opérations de cémentation ou de trempe, et présente un rendement élevé de chargement.In addition, a te! device can be made light and airy, while providing a large filling capacity. It is therefore easy to handle, offers a large capacity for exchanges with the parts to be treated, in particular during case hardening or quenching operations, and has a high loading efficiency.
De plus, les bras s'étendant de façon sensiblement symétrique des deux côtés de la cloison, on peut réaliser un chargement équilibré.In addition, the arms extending substantially symmetrically on both sides of the partition, it is possible to achieve balanced loading.
De plus encore, sa réalisation permet une construction modulaire qui rend le dispositif de chargement facilement adaptable à différentes dimensions de pièces et à différentes installations de traitement thermique à partir d'éléments de base standards. Selon une particularité du dispositif de chargement, des pions peuvent être montés sur les bras de support pour matérialiser des emplacements de pièces à traiter. Celles-ci pourront être enfilées ou accrochées sur les bras de support, lorsqu'elles présentent un passage interne, ou pourront être suspendues en s'appuyant sur deux bras voisins.Furthermore, its construction allows a modular construction which makes the loading device easily adaptable to different room dimensions and to different heat treatment installations from standard basic elements. According to a particular feature of the loading device, pins can be mounted on the support arms to materialize locations of parts to be treated. These can be threaded or hung on the support arms, when they have an internal passage, or can be suspended by leaning on two neighboring arms.
Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description faite ci-après à titre indicatif mais non limitatif en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :The invention will be better understood on reading the description given below for information but not limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue schématique en perspective d'un premier mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de chargement conforme à l'invention ;- Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a loading device according to the invention;
- la figure 2 est une vue éclatée montrant une partie des éléments du dispositif de chargement de la figure 1 avant leur assemblage mutuel ; et- Figure 2 is an exploded view showing a part of the elements of the loading device of Figure 1 before their mutual assembly; and
- la figure 3 est une vue schématique en perspective d'un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de chargement conforme à l'invention.- Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of a loading device according to the invention.
Description détaillée de modes de réalisationDetailed description of embodiments
Dans la description qui suit, il est fait référence à des dispositifs de chargement pour pièces métalliques à cémenter. L'invention n'est pas limitée à une telle application et englobe plus généralement le chargement de pièces, métalliques ou non, devant subir un traitement thermique.In the following description, reference is made to loading devices for metal parts to be cemented. The invention is not limited to such an application and more generally includes the loading of parts, metallic or not, which must undergo a heat treatment.
Le dispositif de chargement 10 de la figure 1 convient en particulier pour le support de pièces annulaires A, telles que des pignons de boîtes de vitesses. Seules quelques pièces A sont montrées sur la figure 1. Le dispositif comprend (figures 1 et 2) une structure de support formée essentiellement d'un socle ou semelle 12, d'une cloison verticale 14 supportée par le socle 12, dans la partie médiane de celui-ci, de goussets de renfort latéraux 16, 18 et de bras de support horizontaux 20. La cloison centrale 14 comprend des montants latéraux 140, 142 entre lesquels s'étendent des traverses horizontales 144. Les bras de support 20 sont formés par des barreaux 22 qui, dans leur partie centrale, sont supportés par les traverses 144. Les barreaux 22 s'étendent de part et d'autre de la cloison 14, formant chacun deux bras opposés alignés de mêmes dimensions. A leur extrémité éloignée de la cloison 14, les bras 20 sont libres. En variante, les bras de support horizontaux 20 pourront être vissés sur la cloison 14, de part et d'autre de celle-ci. Les bras sont montés de façon sensiblement symétrique par rapport au plan vertical médian de la cloison. Cela signifie que les bras sont sensiblement de mêmes dimensions et en même nombre de chaque côté de la cloison, mais non nécessairement exactement alignés deux à deux.The loading device 10 in FIG. 1 is particularly suitable for supporting annular parts A, such as gearbox gears. Only a few parts A are shown in FIG. 1. The device comprises (FIGS. 1 and 2) a support structure formed essentially of a base or sole 12, of a vertical partition 14 supported by the base 12, in the middle part thereof, lateral reinforcing gussets 16, 18 and horizontal support arms 20. The central partition 14 comprises lateral uprights 140, 142 between which extend horizontal crosspieces 144. The support arms 20 are formed by bars 22 which, in their central part, are supported by the crosspieces 144. The bars 22 extend on either side of the partition 14, each forming two opposite arms aligned with the same dimensions. At their end remote from the partition 14, the arms 20 are free. As a variant, the horizontal support arms 20 could be screwed onto the partition 14, on either side of the latter. The arms are mounted substantially symmetrically with respect to the median vertical plane of the partition. This means that the arms are substantially the same dimensions and the same number on each side of the partition, but not necessarily exactly aligned in pairs.
Les éléments ci-dessus constitutifs de la structure de support sont réalisés en un matériau composite thermostructural.The above elements constituting the support structure are made of a thermostructural composite material.
Les matériaux composites utilisables sont les matériaux composites carbone/carbone (C/C) et les matériaux composites à matrice céramique (CMC). Les composites C/C sont obtenus par réalisation d'une préforme fibreuse en fibres de carbone et densification de la préforme par formation d'une matrice carbone au sein de sa porosité. La matrice carbone peut être obtenue par voie liquide, c'est-à-dire par imprégnation de la préforme au moyen d'une composition liquide (telle qu'une résine) précurseur de carbone et traitement thermique pour transformer le précurseur en carbone, ou par voie gazeuse, c'est-à-dire par infiltration chimique en phase vapeur. Les CMC sont obtenus par réalisation d'une préforme fibreuse en fibres réfractaires, par exemple en fibres de carbone ou de céramique, et densification de la préforme par formation d'une matrice céramique au sein de sa porosité. De façon bien connue, la matrice céramique, par exemple en carbure de silicium (SiC) peut être obtenue par voie liquide ou par infiltration chimique en phase vapeur.The composite materials that can be used are carbon / carbon composite materials (C / C) and ceramic matrix composite materials (CMC). The C / C composites are obtained by making a fibrous preform of carbon fibers and densifying the preform by forming a carbon matrix within its porosity. The carbon matrix can be obtained by liquid means, that is to say by impregnation of the preform by means of a liquid composition (such as a resin) carbon precursor and heat treatment to transform the precursor into carbon, or by gas, that is to say by chemical vapor infiltration. CMCs are obtained by making a fibrous preform of refractory fibers, for example carbon or ceramic fibers, and densification of the preform by forming a ceramic matrix within its porosity. In a well known manner, the ceramic matrix, for example made of silicon carbide (SiC) can be obtained by the liquid route or by chemical vapor infiltration.
Un avantage des matériaux composites thermostructuraux réside dans leurs excellentes propriétés mécaniques, notamment leur tenue en flexion.An advantage of thermostructural composite materials lies in their excellent mechanical properties, in particular their resistance to bending.
Il est par conséquent possible de supporter les pièces annulaires A en les enfilant sur des bras 20 à partir de leurs extrémités libres, les pièces A reposant en porte-à-faux, sans induire de flexion des bras. Avantageusement, l'ensemble du chargement est équilibré en répartissant les pièces également de chaque côté de la cloison 14. Un autre avantage des matériaux composites thermostructuraux réside dans leur grande stabilité dimensionnelie, même lorsqu'ils sont exposés à de fortes variations de température. Cela permet de conserver pour les bras de support 20 des références de position pratiquement invariables et donc d'avoir la précision requise pour la robotisation des opérations de chargement et de déchargement. Le mode de support des pièces A sur les bras 20 permet en outre de rendre cette robotisation aisée.It is therefore possible to support the annular parts A by threading them on arms 20 from their free ends, the parts A resting in overhang, without inducing bending of the arms. Advantageously, the entire load is balanced by distributing the parts equally on each side of the partition 14. Another advantage of thermostructural composite materials lies in their great dimensional stability, even when they are exposed to strong temperature variations. This makes it possible to keep practically invariable position references for the support arms 20 and therefore to have the precision required for the robotization of the loading and unloading operations. The method of supporting the parts A on the arms 20 also makes this robotization easy.
La réalisation du dispositif de chargement avec des bras 20 s'étendant de chaque côté de la cloison 14, de façon sensiblement symétrique par rapport à celle-ci, permet en outre de réaliser le chargement et le déchargement simultanément et symétriquement des deux côtés de la cloison. Il en résulte un important gain de temps pour la réalisation de ces opérations. On notera que les pièces A pourront être placées sur les bras 20 côte à côte ou en des emplacements prédéterminés, ceux-ci étant par exemple matérialisés par des encoches formées sur les bras.The embodiment of the loading device with arms 20 extending on each side of the partition 14, substantially symmetrical with respect thereto, also makes it possible to carry out loading and unloading simultaneously and symmetrically on both sides of the partition. This results in significant time savings for carrying out these operations. It will be noted that the parts A can be placed on the arms 20 side by side or in predetermined locations, these being for example materialized by notches formed on the arms.
Comme on peut le voir plus particulièrement sur la figure 2, les montants 140, 142 ont des parties d'extrémité 140a, 142a qui s'engagent dans des logements correspondants 12a, 12b formés dans le socle 12, tandis que les traverses 144 ont des parties d'extrémité 144a, 144b qui s'engagent dans des logements, tels que 142ç, formés dans les montants 140, 142. De tels logements 142ç_ peuvent être prévus à intervalles réguliers le long des montants 140, 142 afin de monter les traverses 144 avec un intervalle déterminé en fonction de l'encombrement des pièces A en direction verticale. Les goussets 16, 18 présentent des tenons 16a, 18a le long de leurs bords inférieurs qui s'engagent dans des logements correspondants 12ç_, 12d formés dans le socle 12. Les montants 140, 142 s'appuient sur les goussets 16, 18 par des décroche- ments 140d, 142d formés le long de leurs bords extérieurs.As can be seen more particularly in FIG. 2, the uprights 140, 142 have end portions 140a, 142a which engage in corresponding housings 12a, 12b formed in the base 12, while the crosspieces 144 have end parts 144a, 144b which engage in housings, such as 142ç, formed in the uprights 140, 142. Such housings 142ç_ can be provided at regular intervals along the uprights 140, 142 in order to mount the sleepers 144 with an interval determined according to the size of the parts A in the vertical direction. The gussets 16, 18 have tenons 16a, 18a along their lower edges which engage in corresponding housings 12ç_, 12d formed in the base 12. The uprights 140, 142 are supported on the gussets 16, 18 by recesses 140d, 142d formed along their outer edges.
Chaque barreau 22 présente dans sa partie centrale une encoche 22a qui coopère avec une encoche 144ç formée dans une traverse 144 afin de réaliser un encastrement du barreau sur la traverse. Chaque traverse présente des encoches 144ç réparties sur sa longueur afin de monter des barreaux 22 sur une même traverse avec un intervalle déterminé en fonction de l'encombrement des pièces A en direction horizontale.Each bar 22 has in its central part a notch 22a which cooperates with a notch 144c formed in a cross member 144 in order to embed the bar on the cross member. Each crosspiece has notches 144c distributed over its length in order to mount bars 22 on the same crosspiece with an interval determined according to the size of the parts A in the horizontal direction.
Le caractère modulaire de la structure de support peut être complété en réalisant chaque montant 140, 142 non pas en une seule pièce, mais en plusieurs pièces assemblées bout à bout.The modular nature of the support structure can be completed by making each upright 140, 142 not in one piece, but in several pieces assembled end to end.
En variante, les montants 140, 142 et traverses 144 de la cloison 14 peuvent être réalisés en une seule pièce par exemple par usinage d'une plaque en matériau composite thermostructural.As a variant, the uprights 140, 142 and crosspieces 144 of the partition 14 can be produced in a single piece, for example by machining a plate of thermostructural composite material.
La figure 1 montre que le dispositif de chargement possède une très grande capacité de remplissage tout en présentant une structure légère et aérée, des évidements pouvant être pratiqués dans des éléments de la structure tel que le socle 12 et les goussets 16, 18. La manutention du dispositif de chargement complet est donc aisée. En outre, lorsque le traitement thermique comprend la diffusion de gaz au contact des pièces, les échanges gazeux avec les pièces sont facilités.Figure 1 shows that the loading device has a very large filling capacity while having a light and airy structure, recesses can be made in elements of the structure such as the base 12 and the gussets 16, 18. Handling of the complete loading device is therefore easy. In addition, when the heat treatment includes the diffusion of gas in contact with the parts, gas exchanges with the parts are facilitated.
Le dispositif de chargement de la figure 3 se distingue de celui de la figure 1 en ce qu'il est plus particulièrement destiné au support de pièces pleines allongées, telles que des arbres B qui sont disposés verticalement (sur la figure 3, des pièces B sont montrées seulement sur un côté du dispositif de chargement). En outre, les emplacements des pièces B sont matérialisés par des pions 26 sur lesquels les pièces reposent.The loading device of FIG. 3 differs from that of FIG. 1 in that it is more particularly intended for the support of elongated solid parts, such as shafts B which are arranged vertically (in FIG. 3, parts B are shown only on one side of the charging device). In addition, the locations of the parts B are materialized by pins 26 on which the parts rest.
La construction de la structure de renfort est identique à celle de la figure 1 , avec le socle 12 support de la cloison centrale 14 sur laquelle sont montés ies barreaux 22 formant les bras horizontaux 20 ayant leurs extrémités libres. Le nombre des traverses 144 de la cloison centrale, entre les montants 140, 142, et l'espacement entre les traverses sont déterminés en fonction de l'encombrement vertical des pièces B. L'espacement mutuel entre les bras 20 est déterminé en fonction de l'encombrement horizontal des pièces B. On remarque en effet que chaque pièce B repose par un épau- lement sur deux pions 26 portés par des bras adjacents 20 en des mêmes emplacements sur ces bras, chaque pièce étant introduite pour son chargement dans l'intervalle entre deux bras. Les pions 26 sont répartis le long de chaque bras avec un espacement mutuel fonction de l'encombre- ment horizontal des pièces B, en direction parallèle aux bras 20. Les pions 26 peuvent être réalisés en un matériau composite thermostructural, par exemple le même que celui des autres éléments de la structure de support, ou en un matériau métallique refractaire. Les pions 26 peuvent être en forme de crampons simplement montés légèrement à force sur les bras 20, sans collage.The construction of the reinforcing structure is identical to that of FIG. 1, with the base 12 supporting the central partition 14 on which the bars 22 are mounted forming the horizontal arms 20 having their free ends. The number of crosspieces 144 of the central partition, between the uprights 140, 142, and the spacing between the crosspieces are determined according to the vertical size of the pieces B. The mutual spacing between the arms 20 is determined according to the horizontal size of the pieces B. It is in fact noted that each piece B rests by a shoulder on two pins 26 carried by adjacent arms 20 in the same locations on these arms, each piece being inserted for loading into the interval between two arms. The pins 26 are distributed along each arm with mutual spacing as a function of the horizontal size of the parts B, in a direction parallel to the arms 20. The pins 26 can be made of a thermostructural composite material, for example the same as that of the other elements of the support structure, or of a refractory metallic material. The pins 26 may be in the form of studs simply mounted slightly by force on the arms 20, without gluing.
Bien que l'on ait montré, figures 1 et 3, des dispositifs de chargement supportant chacun des pièces identiques, il va de soi que des pièces de formes différentes pourront être disposées sur un même dispositif de chargement. Although FIGS. 1 and 3 have shown loading devices each supporting identical parts, it goes without saying that parts of different shapes may be placed on the same loading device.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif de chargement pour le support de pièces à traiter thermiquement, ledit dispositif étant réalisé essentiellement en matériau composite thermostructural et étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte :1. Loading device for supporting parts to be heat treated, said device being made essentially of thermostructural composite material and being characterized in that it comprises:
- un socle (12)- a base (12)
- une cloison (14) s'élevant au-dessus du socle, et- a partition (14) rising above the base, and
- une pluralité de bras de support (20) fixés à la cloison et s'étendant sensiblement horizontalement à partir de celle-ci jusqu'à leurs extrémités libres, les bras étant disposés de façon sensiblement symétrique par rapport à la cloison,- a plurality of support arms (20) fixed to the partition and extending substantially horizontally from the latter to their free ends, the arms being arranged substantially symmetrically with respect to the partition,
- de sorte que les pièces à traiter (A ; B) peuvent être supportées en porte-à-faux par lesdits bras et le chargement et le déchargement de pièces peut être réalisé de façon symétrique des deux côtés de la cloison.- So that the parts to be treated (A; B) can be supported in overhang by said arms and the loading and unloading of parts can be carried out symmetrically on both sides of the partition.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre des pions (26) montés sur les bras (20) pour matérialiser des emplacements de support de pièces (B)2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises pins (26) mounted on the arms (20) to materialize workpiece support locations (B)
3. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la cloison (14) comprend des montants (140, 142) entre lesquels s'étendent des traverses.3. Device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the partition (14) comprises uprights (140, 142) between which extend crosspieces.
4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les bras de support (20) sont formés par des barreaux (22) qui s'étendent chacun de part et d'autre de la cloison en formant deux bras opposés.4. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the support arms (20) are formed by bars (22) which each extend on either side of the partition forming two opposite arms.
5. Dispositif selon les revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les barreaux (22) sont encastrés sur les traverses (144) de la cloison. 5. Device according to claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the bars (22) are embedded on the sleepers (144) of the partition.
EP00925390A 1999-05-05 2000-05-04 Device for loading parts to be heat treated Expired - Lifetime EP1099086B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9905692A FR2793311B1 (en) 1999-05-05 1999-05-05 DEVICE FOR LOADING WORKPIECES TO BE HEAT TREATED
FR9905692 1999-05-05
PCT/FR2000/001206 WO2000068626A1 (en) 1999-05-05 2000-05-04 Device for loading parts to be heat treated

Publications (2)

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EP1099086A1 true EP1099086A1 (en) 2001-05-16
EP1099086B1 EP1099086B1 (en) 2004-09-08

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EP (1) EP1099086B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4610089B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100650810B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE275718T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2337145C (en)
DE (1) DE60013535T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2226824T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2793311B1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2000068626A1 (en)

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CA2337145A1 (en) 2000-11-16
US6401941B1 (en) 2002-06-11
ATE275718T1 (en) 2004-09-15
ES2226824T3 (en) 2005-04-01
DE60013535D1 (en) 2004-10-14
DE60013535T2 (en) 2005-11-17
FR2793311A1 (en) 2000-11-10
CA2337145C (en) 2006-07-11
JP4610089B2 (en) 2011-01-12
WO2000068626A1 (en) 2000-11-16
KR20010053379A (en) 2001-06-25
RU2226250C2 (en) 2004-03-27
KR100650810B1 (en) 2006-11-27
JP2002544464A (en) 2002-12-24
FR2793311B1 (en) 2001-07-27
EP1099086B1 (en) 2004-09-08

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