EP1097490A1 - Antenne adaptative integree d'une antenne multidiagramme - Google Patents

Antenne adaptative integree d'une antenne multidiagramme

Info

Publication number
EP1097490A1
EP1097490A1 EP99926676A EP99926676A EP1097490A1 EP 1097490 A1 EP1097490 A1 EP 1097490A1 EP 99926676 A EP99926676 A EP 99926676A EP 99926676 A EP99926676 A EP 99926676A EP 1097490 A1 EP1097490 A1 EP 1097490A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
main
auxiliary
lobes
main antenna
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP99926676A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rüdiger SEL Verteidigungssysteme GmbH ZEITZ
Harald SEL Verteidigungssysteme GmbH MULLER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SEL Verteidigungssysteme GmbH
Original Assignee
SEL Verteidigungssysteme GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SEL Verteidigungssysteme GmbH filed Critical SEL Verteidigungssysteme GmbH
Publication of EP1097490A1 publication Critical patent/EP1097490A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/2605—Array of radiating elements provided with a feedback control over the element weights, e.g. adaptive arrays
    • H01Q3/2611—Means for null steering; Adaptive interference nulling
    • H01Q3/2629—Combination of a main antenna unit with an auxiliary antenna unit
    • H01Q3/2635—Combination of a main antenna unit with an auxiliary antenna unit the auxiliary unit being composed of a plurality of antennas
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/2813—Means providing a modification of the radiation pattern for cancelling noise, clutter or interfering signals, e.g. side lobe suppression, side lobe blanking, null-steering arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/22—Antenna units of the array energised non-uniformly in amplitude or phase, e.g. tapered array or binomial array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antenna arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such an antenna designed as a phased-array rada antenna, with which a main lobe is generated one after the other in time, the main lobes generated having different directions in order to illuminate a sky segment, is known from EP-A-0 09B 339 .
  • a dipole field which has a plurality of essentially horizontal dipole rows arranged one below the other, not all dipoles are connected to form an overall antenna, but rather some neighboring dipoles are combined into auxiliary antennas arranged within the aperture of the main antenna, due to the interference that are received by the main antenna mainly because of unavoidable side lobes.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an antenna arrangement of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1, which can be used as a multi-beam antenna (multi-beam antenna), the property of a multi-beam antenna is that it has a plurality of main lobes (hereinafter also simply called lobes) can generate exactly at the same time.
  • An advantage of the invention is that the size of the entire antenna arrangement is not due to the auxiliary antenna is enlarged. Another advantage of the invention is that because neither the top nor the bottom line of the main antenna is used for the radiators of the auxiliary antenna (this is also not the case in the prior art), the aperture of the main antenna essentially does not change becomes.
  • radiators By appropriately calculating the current occupancy of the individual radiators, for example dipoles, of the antenna, one can select from the multitude of possible current occupancies in which, for example, only two rows of radiators, each spaced from the upper or lower edge of the antenna arrangement of the main antenna are fed with such low currents (or would only contribute so small currents in the reception mode when combining to form an overall signal) that the elimination of these radiators for the transmission or reception operation of the main antenna has practically no influence on the performance and directivity of the antenna.
  • These radiators which therefore do not make any noticeable contribution to the generation of the lobes of the main antenna and are not required for the main antenna, are used as auxiliary antennas during reception operation.
  • the invention does not exclude that radiators of the auxiliary antenna are also used for transmission during transmission, but then in such a way that they support the formation of the lobes of the main antenna.
  • each a complete line (or several complete lines) of radiators form the auxiliary antenna, and it is also not necessary, although for constructional reasons, in particular for reasons of feeding the individual radiators, it may be advantageous that for the main antenna at least some radiators of a single line be used.
  • an antenna arrangement in which, when, for example, from an elevation angle of 3 ° above and below the horizon level (from this area, usually only interference signals are to be expected), the reception of signals received by the main antenna , by which the auxiliary antenna is to be suppressed, at least one lobe of the auxiliary antenna, the elevation of which is approximately 3 ° in the example, can be generated simultaneously for each of the simultaneously generated lobes of the radiation pattern of the main antenna.
  • the main lobes it should also be mentioned that these are generally arranged in a plurality of rows and columns (usually not exactly straight to one another), the center of the main lobe of each of the lobes being located at the intersections of the rows and columns.
  • a common feed network for feeding the main antenna and the auxiliary antenna, which can preferably be constructed from Butler matrices and pale matrices.
  • the arrangement is such that the transmit / receive arrangement of the antenna system is connected to inputs of the pale matrices, the outputs of which are connected to inputs of the butle matrices, the outputs of which are in turn connected to a single trahler.
  • the pale matrices cause the so-called pivoting (this is the directional deviation from that which is perpendicular to the plane of the antenna aperture)
  • the Butler matrices cause the pivoting in the azimuth.
  • the main antenna and the additional antenna are fed by completely separate feed networks.
  • a column could also be provided instead.
  • 1 is a plan view of the dipole field of a multibeam antenna with 16 x ⁇ dipoles
  • Fig. 2 shows the overall circuit diagram of an antenna system
  • FIG. 3 shows an arrangement corresponding to FIG. 2 with a uniform feed arrangement for the main antenna and auxiliary antenna or additional antenna
  • FIG. 4 shows the structure of the feed network 50 of FIG. 3 from pale matrices and butler matrices.
  • the dipole field consists of a planar arrangement of 16 rows and 8 columns of dipoles, i.e. of 16 X 8 dipoles.
  • the dipoles are polarized vertically and aligned parallel to the plane of the antenna aperture 1.
  • the arrangement of the F.ig. l not perpendicular, but inclined at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the vertical plane, so that the longitudinal direction of the individual dipoles 3 does not run vertically, but rather inclined at the aforementioned angle of 45 ° with respect to the vertical.
  • the dipoles are at a distance of 0.45 la bda perpendicular to the dipole axis ("azimuth") and 0.55 lambda in the dipole axis direction (“elevation").
  • the antenna aperture 1 or the dipole field 1 of FIG. 2 is fed by two separate feed networks 10 and 12, of which the feed network 10 feeds the auxiliary antenna and the feed network 12 feeds the main antenna. It’s going to be here.
  • the expression feed network uses, although in the receiving mode, of course, no feeding of the antennas takes place, but rather a combination (vectorial addition) of the signals delivered by the antennas.
  • the feed network 10 has two butler matrices 14, each of which feeds one of the above-mentioned rows of eight dipoles each of the two dipole rows used for the auxiliary antenna, and six vertical feed networks 15 which feed the butler matrices.
  • the connections of the vertical feed networks 15 at the bottom in FIG. 2, at which the signals originating from the additional antenna are present during reception operation, are identified by the reference symbols AI to A20. In the drawing, the further connection of the connection AI is shown.
  • Each vertical feed network 15 is formed by a phase shifter and a divider 1: 2 or 1: 4, which connects the phase shifter to the two or four connections of the respective vertical feed network on its lower side in FIG. 2.
  • the feed network 12 for the main antenna with 14 x 8 dipoles consists of 14 butler matrices (one butler matrix for each of the 14 dipole cells of the main antenna) and 6 pale matrices. These are not shown individually, but in the included with the reference number 12 device (dining network).
  • the 20 connections AI to A20 deliver the reception signals of the 20 auxiliary lobes of the auxiliary antenna.
  • Each auxiliary lobe is assigned to exactly one of the 20 main lobes of the main antenna, the reception signals of which are available at connections H1 to H20.
  • connection AI of the feed network 10 leads to a connection of a digitally adjustable phase shifter 30, the output of which is connected to the input of an attenuator 32 which is digitally adjustable in terms of its amplification or attenuation, the output of which leads to an input of a switching circuit 34, which has a further input which is connected to the connection Hl of the feed network 12.
  • the output of the summing circuit 34 leads to further devices of the radar system, which evaluate the received signal. Part of the signal coming from the output of the summing circuit 34 is fed to a digital adaptive processor 40 via a coupling device 36, in the example a directional coupler, an amplifier 37, then a demodulator 38 and finally via an analog-digital converter 39.
  • the interference signals of the first lobe are optimally suppressed.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 3 does not differ in its dipole field and in the assignment of the 3rd and 14th line of the dipoles to the auxiliary antenna and the other dipoles to the main antenna from the dipole field of FIG. 2.
  • a uniform feed network 50 consisting of 16 butler matrices 52 and 6 pale matrices 54, see FIG. 4.
  • the feed network 50 has 20 outputs H1 to H20 for the main lobes in the manner shown the
  • Main antenna and 20 outputs AI to A20 for the auxiliary lobes of the auxiliary antenna.
  • the outputs H to H20 of the main antenna are, as in FIG. 2, present in the right part of the figure, the outputs AI to A20 of the auxiliary antenna are provided on devices designated by the reference symbols ZT to Z6, which are ul : n-divisor (namely 1: 2-partex and 1: 4-parti).
  • the rest of the circuit relating to elements 30, 32, 34, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40 corresponds to FIG.
  • the multibeam antenna with its main antennas quickly generates four lines with six columns of main lobes in the cases of FIGS. 2 and 3, whereby but some columns are not occupied by four main lobes, so that there are only 20 main lobes in total.
  • the auxiliary antenna generates 20 main lobes in a range of 3 ° above the horizontal plane, each of which is assigned to a main lobe of the main antenna.
  • connections ZI to Z6 are each an additional output of the six Blass matrices 54 in total. These also have the 20 connections Hl to H20, which supply the main antenna, specifically serve exactly for the generation of one of the clubs 1 to 20.
  • the upper connections of the butler matrices 52 in FIG. 4 are each connected to one of the radiators (dipoles) of the antenna 1.
  • Each upper connection of the first pale matrix (pale 1) in FIG. 4 is connected to the first lower connection of the individual butler matrices.
  • the further connections result from FIG. 4, whereby not every single connection is shown.
  • the phase centers of the main antenna and the auxiliary antenna are identical or at least very close to one another. This is advantageous since, even if an interferer to be suppressed moves quickly, for example in an aircraft, the relative phase between the reception signals of the main antenna and the auxiliary antenna changes only slightly.
  • the required identity of the phase centers is present because of the symmetrical arrangement of the dipoles of the auxiliary antenna with respect to the entire dipole field.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'antenne comprenant un certain nombre d'éléments rayonnants disposés en forme de champ bipolaire (1) et servant à générer plusieurs lobes d'une antenne principale. Certains éléments rayonnants du champ bipolaire forment une antenne auxiliaire permettant de supprimer les interférences reçues via l'antenne principale. L'invention est caractérisée en que, dans un système d'antenne conçu sous la forme d'une antenne multidiagramme (antenne à faisceaux multiples) avec génération simultanée de plusieurs lobes principaux, les éléments rayonnants du champ bipolaire, qui n'apportent pas de contribution significative à la génération des lobes, sont destinés à l'antenne auxiliaire et alimentés en conséquence.
EP99926676A 1998-06-23 1999-06-23 Antenne adaptative integree d'une antenne multidiagramme Ceased EP1097490A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19827795 1998-06-23
DE19827795A DE19827795A1 (de) 1998-06-23 1998-06-23 Integrierte adaptive Antenne einer Multibeamantenne
PCT/IB1999/001169 WO1999067854A1 (fr) 1998-06-23 1999-06-23 Antenne adaptative integree d'une antenne multidiagramme

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1097490A1 true EP1097490A1 (fr) 2001-05-09

Family

ID=7871665

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99926676A Ceased EP1097490A1 (fr) 1998-06-23 1999-06-23 Antenne adaptative integree d'une antenne multidiagramme

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6424296B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1097490A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19827795A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999067854A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019211432A1 (de) * 2019-07-31 2021-02-04 Audi Ag Radarsensor für ein Kraftfahrzeug, Verfahren zur Störungskompensation in einem Radarsensor und Kraftfahrzeug

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3435453A (en) * 1967-11-06 1969-03-25 Us Navy Sidelobe cancelling system for array type target detectors
US3916417A (en) * 1971-12-22 1975-10-28 Technology Service Corp Multifunction array antenna system
US3987444A (en) * 1974-08-12 1976-10-19 Hazeltine Corporation Interference rejection system for multi-beam antenna having single control loop
EP0098339A1 (fr) * 1982-06-15 1984-01-18 SELENIA INDUSTRIE ELETTRONICHE ASSOCIATE S.p.A. Système adaptatif d'antenne pour atténuer des perturbations particulières appliquées à un radar à éléments à phases contrôlées avec balayage mécanique
JPS61134103A (ja) * 1984-12-05 1986-06-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp アンテナ装置
US5652591A (en) * 1989-11-20 1997-07-29 Liu; Sien-Chang Charles Wideband and wide angle sidelobe cancellation technique

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9967854A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19827795A1 (de) 1999-12-30
WO1999067854A1 (fr) 1999-12-29
US6424296B1 (en) 2002-07-23

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