EP1096118B1 - Procédé de combustion par autoallumage contrôlé et moteur à quatre temps associe avec conduits de transfert entre conduit d'échappement et conduit d'admission - Google Patents
Procédé de combustion par autoallumage contrôlé et moteur à quatre temps associe avec conduits de transfert entre conduit d'échappement et conduit d'admission Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1096118B1 EP1096118B1 EP00402828A EP00402828A EP1096118B1 EP 1096118 B1 EP1096118 B1 EP 1096118B1 EP 00402828 A EP00402828 A EP 00402828A EP 00402828 A EP00402828 A EP 00402828A EP 1096118 B1 EP1096118 B1 EP 1096118B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust
- conduit
- gases
- transfer
- intake
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/12—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with compression ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/42—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories having two or more EGR passages; EGR systems specially adapted for engines having two or more cylinders
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
Definitions
- the present invention relates to internal combustion engines 4 controlled self-ignition time.
- Controlled self-ignition is a known phenomenon in 2-stroke engines. This type of combustion has advantages over level of pollutant emissions: low levels of hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxide emissions. In addition, a remarkable cyclic regularity is achieved during combustion in auto-ignition.
- Self-ignition is a phenomenon that allows you to initiate combustion with residual flue gas remaining in the chamber of combustion after combustion.
- Self-ignition is achieved by controlling the amount of gas Residuals and its mixture with fresh gases (not yet burned). Gas residuals (hot flue gases) initiate the combustion of the fresh gases through a combination of temperature and the presence of active species.
- Controlled auto-ignition technology applied to the engine four times is particularly interesting because it allows to do operate this type of engine with an extremely diluted mixture, with very low wealth and, consequently, emissions of oxides ultra-low nitrogen.
- Patent application FR-97 / 02,822 filed in the name of the Applicant describes a control of self-ignition in an engine four times. More precisely, this document recommends, dependent partial, to minimize the mixing of fresh gases with the flue gases enclosed in the combustion chamber, acting on the closure of the exhaust. It is therefore a solution close to the technique of "internal" recycling that allows stratifying the gases in the chamber of combustion.
- the present invention aims to achieve controlled self-ignition in 4-stroke multi cylinder engines that is very simple, so reliable, of easy implementation and which maximizes the stratification of the flue gases in the combustion chamber. Moreover, the burned gases retain or even increase, according to the invention, their temperature which is favorable to self-combustion.
- the subject of the present invention is a combustion process controlled self-ignition of a four-stroke engine comprising several cylinders each having at least one inlet port and at least one exhaust port, ports and control means of the closure being conventional, ie according to the knowledge of the skilled person.
- the invention can be applied to injection engines direct (FDI) or indirect.
- the method consists during operation in partial load, to be transferred via an appropriate transfer means of the gases exhaust from a cylinder, usually in phase exhaust, to another cylinder, usually in phase intake.
- the exhaust gases are driven via a valve specific device placed after the exhaust means, towards the means of transfer. Thanks to a second valve, the exhaust gases transferred arrive in the intake duct, upstream of the intake means.
- a means of admission be dedicated to the entry of the exhaust gases into the cylinder (it is necessary in this at least two means of admission) to reduce the mixing between fresh gas and flue gas.
- the exhaust gases can also be recovered from a cylinder at the end of the relaxation phase. They can also be introduced in a another cylinder at the beginning of the compression phase.
- the method according to the invention also consists in controlling the exhaust flow distribution between the system exhaust and the transfer means.
- the process can consist of thermally insulating and / or heating the gases exhausted in said appropriate transfer means, in order to to further improve self-ignition.
- catalysis means can be placed in the means of transfer.
- the positioning of the catalyst is a compromise between a positioning close to the intake valve of the cylinder, in order to have a higher temperature of the flue gases when they enter the cylinder, or so close to the exhaust valve, to facilitate the priming of this catalyst during cold starts.
- this catalyst has the primary function of heating the burnt gases to facilitate the controlled ignition self, in the case of cold start, it participate, from its inception, in the reduction of polluting emissions during a phase where the main catalyst of the pot is usually not fully started.
- the means of catalysis may comprise a catalyst mass or catalyst coated walls. At this place, at full load, the catalyst does not receive the flue gases, so do not risk no early deterioration and no loss of charge additional.
- a conduit is used. common for the transfer of exhaust gases.
- it is used for the transfer of exhaust gases, a set of ducts connecting the specific exhaust ducts to specific intake ducts two by two.
- the present invention further relates to a combustion engine internal 4-stroke operating in controlled self-ignition and comprising several cylinders each having at least one inlet port and at least one less an exhaust port.
- each cylinder further comprises a specific means for the passage of exhaust gases from the escape of a cylinder, usually in the exhaust phase, to at least one other cylinder, generally in the admission phase, and associated transfer means, the transfer taking place during the partial load operation.
- the engine further comprises a means of exhaust distribution between the exhaust system and the transfer medium, partial load.
- the means of distribution of the exhaust gas may comprise a means valve located near the exhaust means.
- said transfer means comprises a common conduit.
- the means of transfer includes a set of conduits connecting the ducts and valves specific to exhaust pipes and valves specific admission two by two.
- Figure 1 illustrates the case of a motor having four cylinders 1.
- the invention applies in fact to all engines comprising at least two cylinders.
- the letter A shows the admission in a cylinder, the letter E the exhaust in the same cylinder.
- Each cylinder 1 comprises at least one inlet orifice 2 a charge.
- the present invention preferably comprises two orifices intake (as shown in the figures). By admission of a load, here it is necessary to understand: an inlet to which is associated a valve and the conduit associated with this orifice. So equivalent, it is the same for the name mean exhaust.
- Each cylinder further comprises an exhaust port 3 conventionally equipped with a conduit and a valve associated.
- each cylinder 1 comprises means of Valve type 4 distribution placed in the exhaust duct, although obviously downstream of the exhaust port.
- This valve, or device equivalent allows the flue gases leaving the exhaust port to go in a means of transfer 5.
- the means of transfer 5 is a conduit that communicates with all conduits cylinder exhaust, as well as with all intake ducts. It is these means of distribution that make it possible to control the flow of transfer of gases between exhausts and admissions. In full load, these valves 4 close the communication towards the conduit 5.
- Each cylinder 1 also comprises a valve 7 placed in intake, close to the intake port 2. It allows the gas burned to go from the transfer means 5 to the cylinder 1, via the distribution valve 7 and the inlet port 2. At full load, these valves 7 are preferentially closed.
- a winnowing means 6 is arranged to proximity to the exhaust 3.
- Appropriate control and coordinated controls the opening of each valve means 4, 6, 7, and regulates and distributes the flow of gases between the exhaust conventional and the transfer means 5.
- exhaust gases are transferred from a cylinder generally in exhaust phase to another cylinder in general admission phase.
- the present invention can use a standard distribution for the opening of all exhaust and intake valves. In this case, partial loads, the flue gases and the fresh gases will enter together in the cylinder in the intake phase.
- the transfer means comprises a common conduit with accesses to all specific valves 4 and 7.
- the transfer pipe or pipes 5 can be thermally insulated, using a ceramic 8 for example. She can also be heated by specific means 8 '. So the gases that transit through a transfer line 5 do not lose or even gain calories when they arrive in the cylinder. Self-ignition is thus improved since it is known that the temperature of the recycled gases is an important parameter, which favors self-ignition.
- a catalyst 10 can also be used to heat the flue gases and advantageously, at the same time, reduce the level of pollutants present in the flue gases passing through the transfer means 5.
- Figure 3 shows a variant where the exhaust does not include than an orifice. It is clear that the means of admission, as exhaust, are not limited to a double exhaust and a double admission.
- the present invention has the advantage of not having need specific transfer ports, since it uses ducts conventional intake and exhaust four-stroke engine considered.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
- La figure 1 est une coupe schématique d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention;
- La figure 2 est une coupe schématique d'un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention.
- La figure 3 représente une variante pour les deux modes précédents.
- Pour l'échappement, dans le cas d'au moins 2 moyens d'échappement (3 et 3'), l'orifice 3 pour les gaz frais peut être faiblement ouvert en début d'échappement et l'orifice 3' associé à la vanne 4, ouvert normalement oblige alors les gaz brûlés à se diriger vers le moyen de transfert 5. Cette stratégie permet d'envoyer une plus grande quantité de gaz brûlés dans le moyen de transfert 5 et donc dans l'autre cylindre en phase d'admission. Par faiblement ouvert, on doit comprendre que l'on agit sur la hauteur de la levée de soupape, ou sur la durée de la levée, ou sur les deux. Dans ce cas, le vannage 6 n'est pas nécessaire. L'ouverture de l'orifice 3' peut aussi commencer et/ou se faire pendant la fin du temps de détente afin de récupérer des gaz brûlés très chauds et sous pression. Cela peut servir aussi à chauffer rapidement le catalyseur 10 lors du démarrage à froid.
- Pour l'admission, dans le cas d'au moins 2 moyens d'admission , l'orifice 2 peut être ouvert en début de phase d'admission et rapidement refermé. L'orifice 2' est alors ouvert en fin de phase d'admission, en limitant le croisement entre les soupapes 2 et 2' afin de limiter le mélange des gaz brûlés avec les gaz frais. Cette configuration permet, avec une stratégie adéquate de gestion des soupapes d'échappement, d'augmenter la pression dans le cylindre en forçant l'entrée de gaz brûlés après l'entrée de la charge de gaz frais. L'entrée des gaz brûlés peut aussi se terminer pendant le début du temps de compression pour augmenter la quantité de gaz brûlés (si la pression disponible dans le moyen de transfert le permet).
- Une autre possibilité est de faire d'abord entrer dans le cylindre les gaz brûlés par l'orifice 2', et ensuite de faire entrer la charge par l'orifice 2, avec un croisement de soupape limité afin de limiter le mélange des gaz brûlés et des gaz frais. On ne sortira pas du cadre de la présente invention si les gaz frais sont comprimés, par exemple par un compresseur.
Claims (15)
- Procédé de contrôle de la combustion par auto-allumage d'un moteur 4 temps comprenant plusieurs cylindres (1) ayant chacun au moins un moyen d'admission (2) comprenant un conduit d'admission et au moins un moyen d'échappement (3) comprenant un conduit d'échappement, caractérisé en ce que, pendant le fonctionnement à charge partielle dudit moteur, on prélève une quantité de gaz d'échappement depuis le conduit d'échappement d'un cylindre, et on transfère une quantité de gaz brûlés vers le conduit d'admission d'au moins un autre cylindre.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel on isole thermiquement et/ou on réchauffe les gaz d'échappement transférés.
- Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel on réchauffe les gaz par catalyse dans les conduits de transfert.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel on régule le débit de gaz transféré.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel on utilise un conduit commun (5) pour le transfert des gaz d'échappement.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, à pleine et forte charges, on ne prélève pas, ni ne transfère, de gaz d'échappement.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel on utilise pour le transfert des gaz d'échappement, un ensemble de conduits reliant les conduits spécifiques d'échappement aux conduits spécifiques d'admission deux à deux.
- Moteur à combustion interne à 4 temps fonctionnant en auto-allumage contrôlé et comprenant plusieurs cylindres (1) ayant chacun au moins un moyen d'admission (2) comprenant un conduit d'admission et au moins un moyen d'échappement (3) comprenant un conduit d'échappement, caractérisé en ce que chaque cylindre (1) comprend des moyens de transfert (5) des gaz d'échappement depuis ledit conduit d'échappement d'un cylindre vers un conduit d'admission d'au moins un autre cylindre.
- Moteur à combustion interne selon la revendication 8, dans lequel les moyens de transfert comprennent en outre un moyen d'isolation thermique (8) et/ou de chauffage (8') desdits gaz transférés.
- Moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 ou 9, dans lequel ledit moyen d'échappement (3) comprend un moyen de contrôle (4) de la communication entre le conduit d'échappement et le conduit (5) des moyens de transfert.
- Moteur à combustion interne selon la revendication 10, dans lequel ledit moyen d'admission (2) comprend un moyen de contrôle (7) de la communication entre le conduit d'admission et le conduit des moyens de transfert (5).
- Moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 11, dans lequel ledit moyen de transfert comprend un conduit commun (5) qui communique avec les conduits d'admission et d'échappement de chacun des cylindres.
- Moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 12, dans lequel lesdits moyens de transfert comprennent des moyens de catalyse (10).
- Moteur à combustion interne selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 11, dans lequel lesdits moyens de transfert comprennent un ensemble de conduits reliant les vannes spécifiques d'échappement aux vannes spécifiques d'admission deux à deux.
- Moteur à combustion interne selon l'une des revendications 8 à 14, dans lequel il ne comporte qu'un orifice d'échappement.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9914022A FR2800126B1 (fr) | 1999-10-26 | 1999-10-26 | Procede de combustion par auto-allumage controle et moteur a quatre temps associe avec conduits de transfert entre conduit d'echappement et conduit d'admission |
FR9914022 | 1999-10-26 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1096118A1 EP1096118A1 (fr) | 2001-05-02 |
EP1096118B1 true EP1096118B1 (fr) | 2005-01-26 |
Family
ID=9551871
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00402828A Expired - Lifetime EP1096118B1 (fr) | 1999-10-26 | 2000-10-13 | Procédé de combustion par autoallumage contrôlé et moteur à quatre temps associe avec conduits de transfert entre conduit d'échappement et conduit d'admission |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6431128B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1096118B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2001159376A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE288027T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60017670T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2800126B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10115608A1 (de) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-10 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine |
WO2002084088A1 (fr) * | 2001-04-09 | 2002-10-24 | Daihatsu Motor Co.,Ltd. | Moteur a combustion interne a cylindres multiples |
US7182050B2 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2007-02-27 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Control device for spark-ignition engine |
AT6105U1 (de) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-04-25 | Avl List Gmbh | Verfahren zum betreiben einer brennkraftmaschine |
JP3956783B2 (ja) * | 2002-07-02 | 2007-08-08 | マツダ株式会社 | 火花点火式エンジンの制御装置 |
JP3846393B2 (ja) * | 2002-09-30 | 2006-11-15 | マツダ株式会社 | 火花点火式エンジンの制御装置 |
US6968825B2 (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2005-11-29 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Control device for spark-ignition engine |
NZ531314A (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2006-10-27 | Shuttleworth Axial Motor Compa | Recirculation system for motor |
US20050228553A1 (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-10-13 | Williams International Co., L.L.C. | Hybrid Electric Vehicle Energy Management System |
EP1630386A1 (fr) * | 2004-08-23 | 2006-03-01 | Ford Global Technologies, LLC, A subsidary of Ford Motor Company | Méthode de fonctionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne hybride pouvant fonctionner à la fois en mode HCCI ou SI, et moteur à combustion interne pour mettre en oeuvre ce procédé |
FR2900203B1 (fr) * | 2006-04-21 | 2010-09-17 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Dispositif de repartition des gaz d'entree dans un systeme d'alimentation en air d'un moteur a combustion interne |
US20080087257A1 (en) * | 2006-04-24 | 2008-04-17 | Robinson Barnett J | Internal combustion engine with shared holding tank in cylinder head for elevated expansion ratio |
EP2065586A1 (fr) * | 2007-11-29 | 2009-06-03 | Perkins Engines Company Limited | Respiration améliorée pour moteur à combustion interne |
JP2010065610A (ja) * | 2008-09-10 | 2010-03-25 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Egr装置付きエンジンの給気装置およびそれを備えたエンジン |
DE102008058612B4 (de) * | 2008-11-22 | 2017-05-24 | Man Diesel & Turbo, Filial Af Man Diesel & Turbo Se, Tyskland | Verbrennungsmotor sowie Auslassventilgehäuse und Rezirkulationsgassammelbehälter hierfür |
KR20100064889A (ko) * | 2008-12-05 | 2010-06-15 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 실린더헤드 일체형 배기순환장치를 갖는 egr시스템 |
DE102010009287A1 (de) * | 2010-02-25 | 2011-08-25 | MAN Truck & Bus AG, 80995 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere einer Brennkraftmaschine eines Kraftfahrzeuges |
DE102010033004A1 (de) * | 2010-07-31 | 2012-02-02 | Daimler Ag | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine |
KR101394047B1 (ko) | 2012-12-06 | 2014-05-12 | 현대자동차 주식회사 | 가변 사이클 엔진 |
WO2018113930A1 (fr) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-28 | Volvo Truck Corporation | Procédé de commande d'un moteur à combustion interne |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB190926606A (en) * | 1909-11-16 | 1910-06-16 | Allen Otis Haney | Process for Causing Self-ignition in Explosion Engines. |
US4041910A (en) * | 1975-04-02 | 1977-08-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Combustion engine |
JPS5552049Y2 (fr) * | 1976-01-31 | 1980-12-03 | ||
US4159700A (en) * | 1976-10-18 | 1979-07-03 | Mccrum William H | Internal combustion compound engines |
JPS5390505A (en) * | 1977-01-20 | 1978-08-09 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Exhaust gas purifier for internal combustion engine having chamber |
JPS5392017A (en) * | 1977-01-24 | 1978-08-12 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Exhaust circulation device for internal combustion engine with by-chamber |
DE2740045A1 (de) * | 1977-09-06 | 1979-03-15 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Verfahren zur teillast-steuerung von brennkraftmaschinen |
JPS5846667B2 (ja) * | 1977-12-02 | 1983-10-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 多気筒内燃機関の排気ガス再循環装置 |
JPS5914609B2 (ja) * | 1978-06-22 | 1984-04-05 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 渦流室式デイ−ゼル機関 |
DE3125647A1 (de) * | 1981-06-30 | 1983-01-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | "brennkraftmaschine mit mehreren zylindern" |
US5224460A (en) | 1992-02-07 | 1993-07-06 | Ford Motor Company | Method of operating an automotive type internal combustion engine |
FR2738594B1 (fr) | 1995-09-08 | 1997-10-17 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede d'introduction et de dosage d'au moins un additif dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur et applications associees |
FR2760487B1 (fr) * | 1997-03-07 | 1999-04-30 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de controle de l'auto-allumage dans un moteur 4 temps |
FR2768180B1 (fr) * | 1997-09-09 | 1999-10-08 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de fonctionnement d'un moteur 4 temps, en auto-allumage controle |
SE9704704L (sv) * | 1997-12-17 | 1999-05-17 | Scania Cv Ab | Anordning för avgasåterföring vid förbränningsmotor med minst två cylindrar |
DE19810935C2 (de) * | 1998-03-13 | 2000-03-30 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer im Viertakt arbeitenden Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine |
-
1999
- 1999-10-26 FR FR9914022A patent/FR2800126B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-10-13 EP EP00402828A patent/EP1096118B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-10-13 DE DE60017670T patent/DE60017670T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-10-13 AT AT00402828T patent/ATE288027T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-10-26 JP JP2000326854A patent/JP2001159376A/ja active Pending
- 2000-10-26 US US09/695,990 patent/US6431128B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60017670T2 (de) | 2005-06-30 |
DE60017670D1 (de) | 2005-03-03 |
ATE288027T1 (de) | 2005-02-15 |
FR2800126B1 (fr) | 2001-11-30 |
FR2800126A1 (fr) | 2001-04-27 |
US6431128B1 (en) | 2002-08-13 |
EP1096118A1 (fr) | 2001-05-02 |
JP2001159376A (ja) | 2001-06-12 |
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