EP1094280A2 - Transportable device and method for lowering the concentration of pollutants in the air - Google Patents

Abstract

The arrangement has at least one air outlet opening (7) at the edge of an essentially flat working field (3) and at least one air input source (11) on the opposing edge of the working field and directed essentially towards the air outlet opening. The input air flow amounts to less than 50 per cent and preferably less than 20 per cent of the outlet air flow.

Description

The invention relates to an arrangement and a method for Reduction of the concentration of pollutants in the breathing air along an essentially extensive field of work with at least one arranged at the edge of the work area Exhaust vent.

When dismantling dust-laden false ceilings or asbestos-containing Floor coverings and maintenance work processes are used on heating systems in which the air flow is working to the pollutants that arise dissipate and concentrate in that area in which people are staying. Because this is constantly changing construction sites and jobs the effort directed towards the generation of the air flow to keep it as low as possible. The airflow is therefore in usually generated by a simple suction.

The object of the present invention is the reduction the pollutant concentration caused by air flow generation when migrating and constantly changing construction sites, workplaces or improve facilities.

According to the invention, this is in the arrangement for a flat extensive working field caused by a mobile supply air source on the edge opposite the exhaust air opening the work area is arranged, the elongated and supply air opening provided with flow directing means along the Working area is essentially directed towards the exhaust air opening.

The work area can be, for example, a floor or an in a suspended ceiling. It can also act on parts of it regardless of the presence of Space limitations. This applies to floors as well as false ceilings, where the worker from below, e.g. B. on one Standing ladder through one in the false ceiling Removal of individual ceiling panels created opening works. Large rooms can also contain several work areas. Generally speaking, the field of work is essentially one areal area, in which the pollutant concentration for work performed therein should be lowered.

In contrast to known arrangements in which only one weak alignment of the flow takes place supply air flow generated according to the invention by the action of an injector, that air from outside the field is included in the flow and this is reinforced. The supply air source serves not only the generation of transport air for the pollutants, but above all the creation of a uniform flow direction within the work area. The arrangement of the Supply air source on the opposite edge of the work area and their directionality essentially ensures the exhaust air opening making sure that the flow more or less the field of work completely covered. The field of work can therefore also be used as be designated the area in which the invention Arrangement of supply and exhaust air opening in a predetermined Directed flow field generated. At work, at where the breathing position of the worker is in the air flow is expediently fundamentally from the supply air source worked towards the exhaust air opening so that due to the Processing resulting dusts away from the breathing position become. Due to the invention, the pollutant concentration along a 5 m and longer stretch Working area can be effectively reduced, while with pure Suction power after about 2 to 3 m due to The directionality of the suction flow has practically completely dropped is. The invention is particularly advantageous for Use with false ceilings that are free of curtain walls extend several rooms because the work area is not through Walls is delimited and therefore interfering currents are expected must become.

The edge opposite the suction opening is determined by the position the supply air opening. It is not necessary, that the supply air flow is precisely aligned with the exhaust air opening is. An approximate orientation is sufficient, as far as the Flow none of its essentially uniform character forcing distracting redirection. This is especially true if the supply air source is composed of several supply air openings. It is also not necessary that the direction the supply air flow (seen in a vertical section) runs exactly parallel to the work area. It can also be used for Surface of the work area to be inclined to then parallel to be redirected. It is also not in all cases required that the air flow on the surface of the Work area, provided that it contains any pollutants Air that is between it and the surface of isolates the area to be protected. However, it should be avoided that the surface of the work area blown so dust is whirled up.

The generation of the uniform orientation of the flow can with a relatively low supply air flow. In particular, the amount of supply air flow can be weaker be more pronounced than that of the exhaust air flow. The injector effect of the supply air flow draws air from outside the work area lying areas. These areas can be in the same Horizontal level as the work area or also sufficient high rooms above this. The supply air flow is therefore preferably less than 50%, more preferably even less than 20% of the exhaust air flow, if there are others Supply air sources are available, such as. B. at very extensive False ceiling spaces can be assumed. Either the generation of the supply air flow as well as the necessary Connection lines and the supply air source are therefore comparatively inexpensive and inexpensive.

The supply air source has means by which it is ensured will ensure that the desired flow direction is obtained. she can, on the one hand, comprise holding means which provide orientation secure the supply air source relative to the work area, and on the other hand flow directing means at the openings from which the supply air flows out. The holding means can be, for example around feet or anchors of the supply air source in the Act in the field of work. The flow directing means can guide surfaces be provided at the supply air openings.

The elongated design of the supply air opening results in a flat expression of the air flow, so that a wide field of work is recorded. With the elongated supply air opening it can also be a series of individual openings. Since the supply air source is portable, and preferably without additional Equipment is portable by hand, it can be put on moving construction sites can be used easily.

A particularly advantageous and possibly worthy of independent protection Execution provides that the supply air duct through a hose pressurized (preferably foil hose) and the supply air opening through a series of openings are formed in the hose wall. A hose is inexpensive compared to fixed installations. The supply air openings can be generated easily, in the simplest In this case, there are slits in the hose wall. Hoses can be used in many different work environments embarrassed and adapt to the spatial conditions flexible. With hoses even obstacles in the Ceiling space underneath such as cable routes, ventilation ducts, etc. or be overcome. When used in a The supply air hose can cover the intermediate space if necessary Fill between the false ceiling and false ceiling, creating a complete or partial closure to neighboring, not processed areas is generated. This will make the work area shielded against any interference currents. Moreover prevents dust from entering the work area other areas escape. Hoses are still light transportable and can be used for storage or transportation be rolled up to save space, which is why they are used for migrating construction sites are particularly suitable.

It is particularly advantageous to use a supply air hose which can be rolled up flat. He can be flat in that extensive field of work can be brought in by being rolled up in Form is placed at the end of the route on the it should be rolled out, and then pressurized becomes. The supply air hose unrolls under the effect the pressure in the manner of a carnival pipe automatically in the intended position. This procedure is special when working on poorly accessible or high suspended ceilings practically, since the false ceiling only must be opened so far that the rolled-up supply air hose can be introduced, and thus a spacious Opening of the false ceiling can be avoided.

Ensuring the orientation of the supply air hose relative to the work area is especially against twisting significant about its longitudinal axis. A twist in the supply air hose and its supply air openings towards the work surface and the dust generated by blowing on the work surface should be avoided. The for this purpose provided holding means are advantageously by the Supply air hose supporting or supporting foot profiles formed. The extension of the profiles along the supply air hose ensures that tipping or twisting around the longitudinal axis is prevented along the entire length.

It must also be ensured that the air from the supply air hose flows out in the desired direction. In some In this case, simple openings in the hose wall are sufficient. It is better to provide these openings with directional walls, which are referred to below as nozzle tubes. It should thus no restriction to a circular cross-sectional limitation be connected. The length of the nozzle pipes is aimed according to the desired directivity. A length / diameter ratio for example 2 can be used in some Cases are sufficient. This ratio is preferred over 5 chosen.

If the material of the supply air hose is very flexible, it may be unable to counter the gravity to hold securely in the desired direction. It can therefore be useful to provide a profile on the supply air hose that runs in the direction of the hose jacket lines and the row the nozzle pipes supports. This profile can, for example, from be made of inflatable tubing, which is in one piece like the foot profiles is connected to the supply air hose and together with this is inflated. Get a particularly secure alignment then when you put the row of nozzle pipes between arranges two inflation hoses, which in the inflated state clamp the nozzle pipes between them and align them.

A simple and inexpensive design provides that the exhaust air opening on the suction side and the supply air duct on the pressure side are connected to the same fan. That way a supply air flow in a completely or partially closed circuit are generated, which significantly reduces the amount of equipment. With a partially closed circuit, part of the Exhaust air blown into the atmosphere through an exhaust air opening, while another part has one between the blower and the branch to the supply air duct provided for the exhaust air opening is directed. With this arrangement, it may be appropriate in addition to a first, between the exhaust vent and the filter arranged a safety precaution second filter between the branch and the supply air openings to arrange for the return of pollutants in the Exclude exhaust air returned to the work area. The second of these two filters only affects the Work field supplied part of the extracted air flow, see above that the pressure drop corresponding to this filter only for one small part of the total air flow is caused and a major drop in performance is avoided.

In the method according to the invention, the between Breathing position of the worker and the area to be worked on generated air curtains that at the point to be machined harmful to health caused by processing Dusts caught on the way to the breathing position by the air curtain and vacuumed, which significantly reduces the Pollutant concentration at the breathing position. The job to be processed is, for example around a boiler with an opening on the inside with cleaned as a result of dust formation. In this case the air curtain can be in a vertical plane in front of the boiler opening be arranged. If the job to be processed is part of a floor and from a standing person is processed, the air curtain is horizontal over the Floor led away, with at least part of this Air curtain is located below the person's breathing position. The work is not hindered in any way by the air curtain. Under the air curtain there is a uniformly directed one Understand the flow field between the supply and exhaust air openings; through an elongated design of the feed and / or An advantageous flat design is produced in the exhaust air opening. The arrangement "between the place and the breathing position" means the connecting line between the centers the supply and exhaust air opening and the connecting line between the area to be worked on and the breathing position cross. The air curtain preferably has an extension, which corresponds at least approximately to the field of vision of the worker.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer eine Zwischendecke betreffenden Anordnung quer zur Strömungsrichtung;

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf eine Zwischendecke gemäß Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine Seitenansicht auf eine Zwischendecke gemäß Fig. 1 entgegen der Strömungsrichtung;

Fig. 4

einen Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Zuluftschlauch;

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Ansicht auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Zuluftschlauch;

Fig. 6

eine Seitenansicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung mit einem Fußboden als Arbeitsfeld;

Fig. 7

eine Illustration des Verfahrens, welches auf eine von der Atemposition eines Arbeiters entfernte zu bearbeitende Stelle gerichtet ist;

Fig. 8

einen Querschnitt durch eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Zuluftschlauches und

Fig. 9

eine Anordnung mit langgestreckter Absaughaube.

In the following, some advantageous exemplary embodiments are explained by way of example with the aid of the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

is a schematic side view of an arrangement relating to a false ceiling transverse to the flow direction;

Fig. 2

a plan view of a false ceiling according to FIG. 1;

Fig. 3

a side view of a false ceiling according to Figure 1 against the flow direction.

Fig. 4

a cross section through a supply air hose according to the invention;

Fig. 5

a perspective view of a supply air hose according to the invention;

Fig. 6

a side view of an arrangement according to the invention with a floor as a working area;

Fig. 7

an illustration of the method directed to a site to be worked away from the breathing position of a worker;

Fig. 8

a cross section through a further embodiment of a supply air hose and

Fig. 9

an arrangement with an elongated suction hood.

Figures 1 to 5 relate to an arrangement in which the extensive working area through a false ceiling is formed. A room, e.g. B. an office space, is through side walls 1 and the ceiling 2 limited. Below the ceiling 2 a false ceiling 3 is drawn in, for example individual ceiling panels 4 can exist. The area of work is here through the top of the false ceiling 3 given. When removing individual ceiling tiles 4 arise dusts harmful to health above the false ceiling 5, their concentration by generating an appropriate Air flow 6 is reduced. For this purpose, on the edge 1A an intermediate air opening 7 is arranged in the false ceiling 3, which is connected on the suction side to the blower 8. The opening 7 is conveniently close in front of a continuous, too arranged the side ceiling 1A separating the false ceiling. The Air sucked out by the blower 8 is passed through the filter 9 cleaned of pollutants and partly through the exhaust air opening 10 z. B. blown outdoors. If the side walls 1B, 1C and 1D extend beyond the false ceiling 3 extend, they form an advantageous side shield for the field of work. When they hit the space below the False ceiling 3 are limited so that the space between False ceiling 3 and ceiling 4 over the side walls mentioned spatially continues, it may be that one alone Comparison of suction flow caused by the exhaust air opening with any interference currents weak and possibly is not sufficient to work in a given area to generate a defined flow which is the minimization the concentration of pollutants guaranteed. It is therefore on the edge 1B opposite the exhaust air opening 7 False ceiling extending along this edge 1B Supply air hose 11 with a series of supply air openings 12 in the hose wall arranged. The supply air hose 11 is with Overpressurized, and that from the supply air openings 12th supply air flowing out due to the excess pressure generated by injection one directed essentially towards the exhaust air opening 7 Airflow. As can be seen from Fig. 2, the exhaust air flow is thereby obtained an essentially directed towards the suction opening and the entire field of work, for example, sweeping alignment. If the dust-forming work from that standing on the ladder 13 Worker 14 performed from the hose 11 to the suction opening 7 the harmful dusts are removed the air flow away from the breathing position 15 of the worker be transported.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the exhaust air opening 7 is on the suction side and the supply air hose 11 on the pressure side to the same fan 8 connected. While much of the exhaust air from the exhaust opening 10 is fed, is between the blower 8 and the Outlet opening 10 is a branch 16 for part of the air flow set up for supply air hose 11.

The supply air hose is for installation in the false ceiling in a ventilated, flat position, it is rolled up by the generated by removing a single ceiling panel 17 Opening made in the false ceiling. After application of the supply air hose 11 with overpressure, it unrolls itself in the direction of the arrow (FIG. 3) into its intended position, which is indicated in Fig. 3 with a dashed line. When unrolling, any existing ceilings in the false ceiling are Obstacles 18 overcome. After full inflation of the supply air hose adapts to the spatial Conditions completely. It defines the edge of the work area on the side opposite the suction opening and closes it on this side against any interference in whole or in part. If the side walls 1C and 1D beyond the false ceiling also in the false ceiling space 19 run, the flexible adjustment of the supply air hose leads to the side walls 1C, 1D, the ceiling 2 and the false ceiling 3 for a complete partitioning of the false ceiling space 19 opposite to itself beyond the side wall 1B extending space. This back bulkhead is not in any case necessary.

On the underside of the supply air hose 11 are two carrying it or supporting foot profiles 20 attached. You are preferred by cutting or welding the hose wall produced in one piece with the supply air hose along the longitudinal axis. To inflate the foot profiles 20 together with the The weldings run to enable the supply air hose 21 are not continuous, but rather show non-welded gaps 22 through which the compressed air passes can. The hose 11 resting on the profiles 20 ensures a stable cross-sectional orientation of the supply air hose and thus the supply air openings 12 relative to the false ceiling 3.

In the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 2-5, the openings 12 generated by arcuate slots 23; the resulting Hose wall tabs 24 are approximately parallel to the false ceiling 3 folded outwards and serve as flow straightening surfaces for the outgoing supply air. The supply air openings 12 can be covered with a filter fleece strip 25 inside or outside be welded or sewn on, for example is so that the supply air before exiting the hose 11th is filtered. The filter 25 is particularly for execution thought that some of the air discharged into the Work field is returned. Most of the differential pressure the air flow falls over the filter 9 and less over the filter 25, so that the blower output less can be measured.

Fig. 6 shows an embodiment with a floor 3 as a work area. The hose 11 is, for example, along a Side wall 1B resting on the floor 3 and in any case preferably arranged without any significant vertical distance on it, while the blower 8 with the suction opening 7 on the opposite side wall 1A also on the floor is dormant. For example, when removing the Harmful dust 5 arising from the floor covering Air flow is detected due to the through the hose 11 and the hose openings 12 supply air flowing in Direction of the extension of the floor 40 directed preferential direction receives and is sucked in by the blower 8. The Worker 14 works standing on the floor; his head area is located above the generated air curtain 6 and has one compared to the processed Establish a significantly reduced concentration of pollutants. The applies even if, for example, when removing one Flooring works bent.

In Fig. 7 the method is explained, which the one of a Breath position 15 of a position 50 to be processed Worker 14 concerns. The location 50 to be processed is Inner surface of a boiler 51 with an opening 52, through that is worked through. The harmful dusts 5 occur out of the opening 52. Between the point to be processed 50 and the breathing position 15, an air curtain 53 is between an inlet air opening 54 and an exhaust air opening 55. Both openings are elongated and run vertically to the line connecting the breathing position and the one to be processed Place 50, which creates a flat design of the air curtain 53 which causes the opening 52 of the boiler 51 completely covered. Therefore, the opening 52 emerging dusts 5 captured by the air curtain and aspirated through the exhaust opening 55. The passage more harmful Dust particles from the opening 52 to the breathing position 15 of the Workers are thus prevented or reduced. Here too the purpose of the supplied through the supply air opening 54 Supply air flow among other things in the creation of a preferred direction the air sucked out through the exhaust opening 55 by injection, and particularly favors the flat Characterization of the air curtain. The supply air opening is preferably 54 above and the exhaust air opening 55 below the opening 52 arranged so that the weight of the opening 52 emerging particles supportive in the direction of Suction works.

8 shows a supply air hose 11 with two foot profiles 20, for a safe cross-sectional orientation compared to the Care floor 3. The supply air openings are with nozzle pipes 57 provided, which are lined up along a generatrix. Your Alignment in relation to the radius of the supply air hose 11 is caused by the fact that it is between one of the foot profile tubes 20 and an adjacent profile tube 58, both of them to flatulence together connected to the supply air hose 11 and closely adjacent to each other are. Even when using very flexible Hose material that as such would not be able to To ensure alignment of the nozzle tubes 57 attached thereto, is a stable cross-sectional arrangement precise alignment of the nozzle tubes 57 reached. Conveniently the arrangement is such that the nozzle tubes are horizontal or slightly to the floor or to the work surface run inclined.

The jet effect of the supply air opening can lead to the accelerated air and the particles it contains the edge of the work area and the exhaust air opening located there shoot out. This can be undesirable, especially if the airflow at one behind the exhaust vent located wall and a flow roller in front of it forms. According to the invention, these disadvantages can thereby be prevented that the exhaust opening elongated along the field of work is trained. Particularly useful is a version in which the exhaust air opening from the distance between an elongated hood and the lower one Boundary surface of the working area is formed. Further is the arrangement of the exhaust air opening or the hood in front of a wall particularly effective because there are no significant redirections of the Air flow take place that can lead to pressure loss.

Figure 9 shows such an arrangement. It consists of one Blower 8, which is connected to a supply air hose via a hose 59 11 is connected to nozzles 57, which is essentially according to the Explanations to Figure 8 is formed, and a hood 61, which is expediently arranged on the blower 8. The hood is made of foil material that is attached to tie rods 62 is arranged and its the working area or the supply air hose 11 facing, hanging surface 63 on the lower edge 64 through a lead, a tie rod or the like is fixed that between the bottom edge 64 and the bottom 65, the lower boundary surface of the work area forms, an elongated gap 60 is formed. The rear one Surface 66 of the hood is also suitable complained at the bottom so that this more or less finally hangs up on the bottom surface 65 to a To form lock. The inside of the hood is with the suction opening of the blower 8 connected. The gap 60 forms on this Way the suction opening that elongated the working field limited. The amount of fan air discharged through a bypass 10 is set so that the injection effect of the Nozzles 47 and thus the strength of the flowing in the work area Air flow is so large that the resulting amount of exhaust air by suction in gap 60 essentially completely can be managed. It is understood that at the a bypass nozzle 10 shown in FIG Line is connected.

Claims (17)

Mobile arrangement to reduce the concentration of pollutants in the air we breathe along an essentially flat surface extensive working area (3) with at least one on the edge (1A) of the working area (3) arranged exhaust air opening (7), characterized in that a mobile supply air source (11) on the edge (1B) opposite the exhaust air opening (7) the work area (3) is arranged, the elongated and supply air opening provided with flow directing means (24) (12) along the work area essentially to the exhaust air opening (7) is directed. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the Supply air flow less than 50%, preferably less than 20% of the exhaust air flow. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the supply air source (11) securing means for securing the outflow direction essentially in the direction of the Extension of the working area (3) includes. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the exhaust air opening (7) on the suction side and the supply air source (11) connected to the same fan (8) on the pressure side are. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that a first filter (9) between the exhaust air opening (7) and one Exhaust air opening (10) and a second filter (25) between the Exhaust air opening (10) and the supply air opening (12) arranged is. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that the supply air source through a supply air hose (11) is formed. Arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the Supply air hose (11) can be rolled up flat and under Pressurization can be unrolled automatically. Arrangement according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the securing means through at least one of the supply air hose supporting foot profile (20) is formed. Arrangement according to claim 8, characterized in that the Foot profile from inflated under the hose pressure Hose parts is formed. Arrangement according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that that the air inlets are separate from a number Openings (23) is formed. Arrangement according to claim 10, characterized in that the separate openings (23) each have a nozzle tube (57) have and on the supply air hose (11) at least one Row of nozzle tubes (57) supporting profile (20, 57) is provided is. Arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that the profile (20, 57) is connected to the supply air hose (11) Inflatable hose (20, 57) comprises. Arrangement according to claim 12, characterized in that the row of nozzle pipes (57) between two inflation hoses (20, 57) is arranged. Arrangement according to one of claims 1-13, characterized in that that the exhaust air opening (7,60) is elongated the work area (3) is formed. Arrangement according to claim 14, characterized in that the exhaust port (60) from the distance between an elongated Hood (61) and the lower boundary surface (65) of the work area is formed. Method for introducing a pressurized air Hose (11) in an arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the Hose (11) rolled up and brought in to the automatically unroll into the intended position with Compressed air is applied. Process for reducing the concentration of air pollutants in the head area of a person working on a floor Worker, characterized in that a near-ground Air curtain (53) between a supply air source (54) and an exhaust air opening (55) is generated.

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