EP1090679B1 - Distributeur de liquides visqueux - Google Patents
Distributeur de liquides visqueux Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1090679B1 EP1090679B1 EP99203225A EP99203225A EP1090679B1 EP 1090679 B1 EP1090679 B1 EP 1090679B1 EP 99203225 A EP99203225 A EP 99203225A EP 99203225 A EP99203225 A EP 99203225A EP 1090679 B1 EP1090679 B1 EP 1090679B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- turntable
- toothed ring
- connector
- container
- pumps
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/02—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring liquids other than fuel or lubricants
- B67D7/0288—Container connection means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/84—Mixing plants with mixing receptacles receiving material dispensed from several component receptacles, e.g. paint tins
- B01F33/841—Mixing plants with mixing receptacles receiving material dispensed from several component receptacles, e.g. paint tins with component receptacles fixed in a circular configuration on a horizontal table, e.g. the table being able to be indexed about a vertical axis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for dispensing viscous fluids, comprising a turntable rotatable around an axis of rotation; a plurality of containers containing the fluid to be dispensed and connected to the turntable in positions spaced about the circumference of the turntable; a plurality of pumps each being associated with one of the said containers for dispensing fluid therefrom and attached to the turntable, the pumps having connectors for releasably connecting the containers to the pumps.
- Such apparatus is known in various embodiments, for example the one disclosed in EP-A-0 800 858. Problem in these apparatus is the exchange of containers, especially in case the operator is not trained to operate the apparatus.
- the principle object of the present invention is to remove this problem in an effective way and to provide an improved apparatus.
- the invention provides an apparatus which is characterized by a stationary actuator positioned at the circumference of the turntable and being movable to and fro a first inoperative position disengaged from the turntable, a first operative position in engagement with one of the connectors in which the connector is connected to the respective container, and a second operative position, in which the connector is disengaged from the container and the container may be removed and exchanged for another container.
- the container to be exchanged is positioned in front of the actuator and by operating the actuator, it is brought into engagement with the connector and then moved to such position that the container can be removed and replaced.
- the movement of the actuator to and fro the inoperative position and the first and second operative positions is done by one continuous manipulation of an actuating element, such as a handle.
- One conceivable embodiment to accomplish this is to provide the connector with a toothed rack and the actuator with a toothed ring, and wherein the toothed ring and the actuating element are coupled through a transmission mechanism transmitting a substantially continuous movement of the actuating element into a consecutive translating and rotating movement of the toothed ring.
- the connector includes a nipple which is insertable into an opening of the container, the nipple being slidable in longitudinal direction of a holder, the holder being provided with a slit extending in transverse direction of the holder in order to introduce and fix a flange of the container to the holder with said opening aligned with the nipple.
- the operator only has to slide the container with its flange out of, and then another into the slit of the holder in order to exchange the containers.
- a further improvement according to the invention is that the pumps are provided on the side of the turntable opposite to the side where the connectors are positioned, the pumps extending substantially parallel to the turntable in radial direction.
- the pumps By positioning the pumps on the other side than the connectors, the pumps do not interfere with the containers so that there is a maximum available space on the turntable enabling the use of large containers and thereby lengthening the time between exchanges of containers. Positioning the pumps parallel to the turntable allows for a compact structure of the apparatus.
- the turntable is rotatably supported by a plurality of rollers engaging the turntable at its circumference and supporting it in radial and axial directions.
- the pumps each include a valve which is movable between a position in which the pump may suck fluid from the container into a dosing reservoir and a position in which the pump may dispense fluid from the dosing reservoir, the valve being operable by a central gripper which has an operating stroke the ends of which being determined by sensors.
- This embodiment simplifies the apparatus and ensures a accurate dispensing of fluid from the containers.
- Fig. 1 is a side view, partially sectioned, of a turntable of the apparatus according to the invention, wherein several parts have been omitted.
- Fig. 1A is an enlarged detail of a portion encircled in Fig. 1.
- Fig. 2 is a top view of the turntable of fig. 1 with all container supports shown.
- Fig. 3 is a larger scale top view of the turntable with only the support means for the turntable shown.
- Fig. 4 are sectional views of the pumping arrangement of the apparatus in fig. 1, shown in four different positions to illustrate the operation of the pump.
- Fig. 5 is a side view, partially sectioned, of the operating means for the pumping arrangement of fig. 4.
- Fig. 6, 7 and 8 are a side view, cross section and front view, respectively, of the actuator for actuating the connector in order to exchange containers.
- Fig. 9 is an explosive view of the actuator of fig. 6-8, on a larger scale.
- Fig. 10 a-e are sectional views corresponding to fig. 7 illustrating the operation of the actuator through five different positions.
- the drawings show an apparatus for dispensing viscous fluids, such as hair dye contained in containers, in particular flexible packages or bags 1.
- the apparatus is used to mix dosages from several packages 1 in order to create a hair dye of a particular recipe.
- the apparatus is able to dispense the fluid in an accurate way.
- the apparatus according to the invention comprises a horizontal turntable 2 rotatable about a vertical axis.
- the turntable 2 does not have a shaft in the centre of the table, but is supported by support rollers 3, 4 (fig. 3), the rollers 3 thereof being fixed and being only rotatable, whereas the rollers 4 are journalled on a slide which can be moved to and fro the rollers 3.
- the object thereof is to engage the circumference of the turntable 2 in order to support it in axial and radial direction, or to disengage from the turntable in order to release it for demounting purposes.
- the turntable 2 is adapted to contain twenty packages 1 spaced around the circumference of the turtable 2.
- a connector 6 having a nipple 7 adapted to frictionally engage into an opening of the package.
- the flexible package 1 has a rigid dispensing portion 8 through which a dispensing opening 9 extends and which may engage around the nipple 7.
- the dispensing portion 8 includes a flat flange 10 at its free end and this flange 10 may be inserted into a space 11 in a holder 12 of the connector 6.
- a slit 13 is provided to allow passage of the neck of the dispensing portion 8 of the package 1.
- the dispensing portion 8 of the package 1 is connected to a storage portion 14 of the package 1.
- Such storage portion 14 is made of plastic foil and may be kept upright on the connector 6 by means of a bottom support 15 and side supports 16 of the connector 6.
- the side of the storage portion 14 of the flexible package 1 resting on the bottom support 15 and the opposite side of the package 1 is such that there are no dead spaces where fluid will be left as residu. During tests a residu of maximally 1% remained within the package 1 after emptying it.
- Fig. 1, 4 and 5 show a pumping arrangement 17 connected to each connector 6 and adapted to suck fluid from the respective package 1 and to press it out in order to dispense the fluid in an accurate dosage.
- the pumping arrangement 17 including a piston pump comprising a cylinder 18 as dosing reservoir and a piston 19 adapted to reciprocate within the cylinder 18 and being guided and controlled by a piston rod 20 carrying a driving lip 21 at its free end adapted to be engaged by a drive means to be described later on.
- the cylinder 18 of the pumping arrangement 17 is connected to the nipple 7 of the connector 6 through a valve block 22.
- a pin shaped valve body 23 is slideably arranged within the valve block 22 and is slideable between a first position (fig. 4a, 4b) opening a suction channel 24 and closing a dispensing channel 25, and a second position (fig. 4c, 4d) in which the valve body 23 closes the suction channel 24 and opens the dispensing channel 25.
- the valve and channel arrangements are of conventional design.
- the valve body 23 is operated by means of a control lever 26 which is pivotable around a horizontal pivot 27 and slideably engages with its forked end a pin 28 attached to the valve body 23 and extending through a vertical slot 29 in the valve block 22.
- the pin 28 engages in slots 30 on either side of the valve block 22 allowing movement between the control lever 26 and the pin 28 during vertical displacement of the pin 28 to move the valve body 23 to and fro the first and second positions.
- the end of the control lever 26 remote from the pin slot connection 28, 30 can be engaged by a gripper of an operating means which will be described hereafter.
- Fig. 5 shows the operating means for the valve body 23 and pumping arrangement 17, the operating means including a linearly movable pump gripper 31 driveable by means of a drive spindle 32, and a rotatable valve gripper 33 which is rotatable around a horizontal pivot 34 and is driven by a crank mechanism 35.
- a the crank shaft 36 of the crank mechanism 35 cooperates with a sensor 37 to determine the beginning and end of the stroke of the gripper 33.
- the beginning and end of the stroke of the crank mechanism 35 are near the top and bottom dead centre of the crank mechanism 35 so that small variations in the start and end positions of the crank shaft have minimal effect on the start and end positions of the valve gripper 33.
- valve and pumping arrangements The operation of the valve and pumping arrangements is as follows.
- the turntable is rotated by its drive means until the respective package 1 is positioned in line with the operating means.
- the grippers 31 and 33 thereof come into engagement with the driving lip 21 and the end of the control lever 26, . respectively.
- the piston 19 and valve body 23 are in the positions according to fig. 4a.
- the piston 19 is displaced by the pump gripper 31 to the extent that the dosage to be dispensed is sucked into the cylinder 18 which serves as dosing reservoir.
- the computer software accurately registers the original fluid content of a container and the fluid dosages dispensed so that it is known if a container is empty or almost empty.
- the computer signals to the operator when the contents of a package are not sufficient for a dosage to be dispensed and the apparatus may be arranged such that the operator may choose between exchanging the almost empty container for a new container 1 right away or using for a dosage a last portion of the almost empty package 1 together with a first portion of a new full package 1. If an empty package 1 should be removed, the nipple 7 of the connector 6 should be extracted from the dispensing opening 9 of the package 1 in order to allow the flange 10 of the dispensing portion 8 of the package 1 to be moved laterally from the space 11 in the connector 6.
- an actuator 38 including a handle 39 as actuating element and by manipulating this handle 39 the holder 12 will be engaged and will be displaced upwardly thereby displacing the package 1 and the dispensing portion 8 thereof upwardly with respect to the stationary nipple 7. As a result, the dispensing opening 9 and the nipple 7 will become disengaged thereby enabling the dispensing portion 8 of the package 1 to be moved laterally without interference by the nipple 7. After a new package 1 has been positioned with its flange 10 in the space 11 of the holder 12, the handle 39 can be moved back and the new package 1 will be connected to this connector 6.
- the turntable 2 should be able to move freely with respect to the actuator 38 in order to bring the package 1 to be exchanged in front of the actuator 38.
- the actuator 38 should be disengaged from the turntable during rotation of the turntable.
- the actuator 38 should be able to perform different operations/movements and for this purpose there is provided a special transmission mechanism 40 converting a substantially continuous movement of the handle 39 into separate movements of its driving means, in this case consisting of a toothed ring 41 of the actuator 38 adapted to cooperate with a toothed rack provided on the outside of the holder 12 of the connector 6.
- Fig. 6-8 show the actuator 38, whereas the exploded view of fig. 9 show the various components thereof.
- the actuator 38 comprises a housing 43 including side plates 44 and upper and lower mounting plates 45 and 47.
- the handle 39 is fork-shaped on its lower side with an auxiliary part 47.
- the handle parts 39 and 47 are connected to the toothed ring 41 through torsion springs 48 the ends of which engage holes in the respective facing sides of the toothed ring 41 and the handle parts 39 and 47.
- the toothed ring 41 is mounted on a shaft 49 and is rotatable through a limited angle with respect to the shaft 49 which is determined by the engagement of a pin 50 protruding from the shaft 49 into a circumferential slot 51 extending circumferentially in the toothed ring 41 (cf. fig. 7).
- Both the shaft 49 and the handle parts 39 and 47 have a slotted hole 52, 53, respectively.
- the slotted holes 52, 53 extending axially are aligned with each other and are kept in relative position by fastening screws 54 fixing the handle 39 and the shaft 49 to each other.
- Extending through the slotted hole 52, 53 is an inner shaft 55 extending between the side plates 44 of the housing 43 and being supported thereby in a fixed manner.
- the handle 39, 47 is also connected to the side plates 44 through a pin slot connection including a rotatable pin 56 and a curved slot 57 in the side plates 44.
- the rotatable pin 56 is attached to the handle 39, 47 excentrically spaced from the slotted hole 53 therein, whereas the curved slot 57 includes a first slot portion 57' extending substantially in a direction to the mounting hole for the inner shaft 55 and a second slot portion 57'' extending concentrically around the mounting hole for the inner shaft 55.
- the operation of the actuator 38 will be described with reference to the various positions of the actuator 38 as shown in fig. 10a-e.
- the actuator is in the inoperative position with the handle 39 in an upright position. This position is maintained by leaf springs 58 attached on the lower mounting plate 46 of the housing 43 and engaging a recess 59 in the handle parts 39 and 47.
- the inner shaft 55 of the actuator 38 is at a first end of the horizontally extending slotted hole 52, 53 facing the connector 6.
- the toothed ring 41 is disengaged from the toothed rack 42 on the holder 12.
- one connector 6 is positioned in front of the actuator 38.
- the only possible movement of the handle 39 is a forward movement in which the slotted hole 52, 53 is moved with respect to the inner shaft 55 and when the inner shaft 55 has arrived at the second end of the slotted hole 52, 53 remote from the connector 6, the toothing of the toothed ring 41 has come into engagement with the toothing of the toothed rack 42 of the connector 6 and the pins 56 have left the slot portion 57' and have arrived in the concentric slot portion 57" of the curved slot 57, so that the pins 56 would now be able to perform a circular motion around the inner shaft 55.
- the handle 39, 47 is now able to rotate around the shaft 55 which is in the center of the handle and in the center of curvature of the slot portion 57".
- the handle 39, 47 will rotate relative to the toothed ring, thereby tensioning the torsion springs 48, until the pin 50 in the shaft 49 has reached the end wall of slot 51 in the toothed ring 41.
- the protruding part of the toothed ring 41 facing away from the toothing is now released from the wall of the housing 43, so that the toothed ring is now able to follow the rotation of the handle 39, 47.
- nipple 7 Due to the engagement of the nipple 7 into the dispensing portion 8 of the package, it pushes away a self-closing valve of the package, so that the package opens and closes automatically upon displacement of the nipple into or out of the dispensing portion 8 of the package 1.
- the handle may be replaced by a motor drive, such as an electric, pneumatic or hydraulic motor.
- a motor drive such as an electric, pneumatic or hydraulic motor.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Devices For Dispensing Beverages (AREA)
Claims (11)
- Appareil de distribution de fluides visqueux comprenant :une table tournante (2) pouvant tourner autour d'un axe de rotation,une pluralité de récipients (1) contenant le fluide à distribuer et joints à la table tournante dans des positions espacées le long de la circonférence de celle-ci,une pluralité de pompes (17) associées chacune à un des récipients pour en distribuer le fluide et fixées à la table tournante, ces pompes comportant des raccords (6) pour raccorder de manière détachable les récipients aux pompes,
- Appareil selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le mouvement de va-et-vient de l'actionneur (38) entre la position inactive et les première et deuxième positions actives est effectué par une seule manipulation continue d'un élément d'actionnement (39) tel que poignée ou moteur.
- Appareil selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le raccord (6) est pourvu d'une crémaillère dentée (42) et l'actionneur (38) est pourvu d'un anneau denté (41), et dans lequel l'anneau denté (41) et l'élément d'actionnement (39) sont accouplés par un mécanisme de transmission (40) qui transforme un mouvement sensiblement continu de l'élément d'actionnement (39) en un mouvement de translation et rotation consécutives de l'anneau denté (41 ).
- Appareil selon la revendication 3, dans lequel le mécanisme de transmission (40) comprend un arbre (49) fixé à un support fixe, un trou rainuré (52, 53) dans l'élément d'actionnement (39) et l'anneau denté (41) par lequel passe l'arbre (49), la longueur du trou rainuré (52, 53) étant telle que lorsque l'arbre est à une première extrémité du trou rainuré, l'anneau denté (14) est hors de prise avec la crémaillère (42) du raccord (6), et lorsque l'arbre est à la deuxième extrémité du trou rainuré (52, 53), l'anneau denté (41) est en prise avec la crémaillère (42) du raccord (6), l'anneau denté et le support étant en outre joints par un joint broche-rainure (56, 57), la rainure (57) comportant au moins deux segments, un premier segment (57') qui dicte le mouvement de translation de l'anneau denté et un deuxième segment (57") qui dicte le mouvement de rotation de l'anneau denté.
- Appareil selon la revendication 4, dans lequel l'élément d'actionnement (39) et l'anneau denté (41) peuvent tourner l'un par rapport à l'autre dans une mesure limitée et sont accouplés au moyen d'un ressort de torsion (48).
- Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le raccord (6) comporte un élément de raccordement (7) qui peut être introduit dans une ouverture (9) du récipient (1), cet élément de raccordement pouvant coulisser dans la direction longitudinale d'un support (12), ce support étant pourvu d'une fente (13) qui s'étend dans la direction transversale du support (12) pour introduire et fixer un rebord (10) du récipient (1) au support (12) avec l'ouverture (9) alignée avec l'élément de raccordement (7).
- Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les pompes (17) sont prévues sur le côté de la table tournante (2) opposé au côté où se trouvent les raccords (6), les pompes s'étendant sensiblement parallèlement à la table tournante en direction radiale.
- Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la table tournante (2) est supportée en rotation par une série de galets (3, 4) en prise avec elle sur sa circonférence et la supportant en directions radiale et axiale.
- Appareil selon la revendication 8, dans lequel la série de galets (3, 4) comprend deux galets fixes (3) et un ou deux galets mobiles (4), mobiles de façon à s'approcher et s'éloigner de la table tournante (2).
- Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, qui est agencé pour coopérer avec des paquets souples comme récipients (1), la table tournante (2) étant pourvue de moyens de support (15, 16) destinés à tenir les paquets dans une position verticale dans toutes les phases de remplissage.
- Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les pompes (17) comportent chacune une vanne (23) qui est mobile entre une position dans laquelle la pompe peut aspirer du fluide du récipient dans un réservoir de dosage (18) et une position dans laquelle la pompe (18) peut distribuer du fluide du réservoir de dosage, la vanne étant manoeuvrée par une pince centrale (3) qui a une course de manoeuvre dont les extrémités sont déterminées par des capteurs (37).
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99203225A EP1090679B1 (fr) | 1998-10-07 | 1999-10-04 | Distributeur de liquides visqueux |
AT99203225T ATE257032T1 (de) | 1999-10-04 | 1999-10-04 | Abgabevorrichtung für viskose flüssigkeiten |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/167,890 US6003731A (en) | 1997-07-07 | 1998-10-07 | Dispensing apparatus for viscous fluids contained in flexible packages |
EP99203225A EP1090679B1 (fr) | 1998-10-07 | 1999-10-04 | Distributeur de liquides visqueux |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1090679A1 EP1090679A1 (fr) | 2001-04-11 |
EP1090679B1 true EP1090679B1 (fr) | 2004-01-02 |
Family
ID=31189555
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99203225A Expired - Lifetime EP1090679B1 (fr) | 1998-10-07 | 1999-10-04 | Distributeur de liquides visqueux |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1090679B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6945431B2 (en) | 2003-07-24 | 2005-09-20 | Fluid Management, Inc. | Sanitizable piston pumps and dispensing systems incorporating the same |
US7347344B2 (en) | 2003-10-27 | 2008-03-25 | Fluid Management Operation Llc | Apparatus for dispensing a plurality of fluids and container for use in the same |
US6935386B2 (en) | 2003-10-30 | 2005-08-30 | Fluid Management, Inc. | Automated cosmetics dispenser for point of sale cosmetics products |
EP2014353B1 (fr) | 2004-02-27 | 2010-10-06 | Stibbe Management B.V. | Distributeur de peinture et de teinture capillaire et procédé associé |
US7654416B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2010-02-02 | Stibbe Management Bv | Fluid and hair-dye dispensers |
US7261131B2 (en) | 2004-03-16 | 2007-08-28 | Fluid Management, Inc. | Articulated nozzle closure for fluid dispensers |
US7311223B2 (en) | 2004-05-07 | 2007-12-25 | Fluid Management, Inc. | Apparatus for dispensing a plurality of powders and method of compounding substances |
US7134573B2 (en) | 2004-05-07 | 2006-11-14 | Fluid Management, Inc. | Apparatus for dispensing a plurality of powders and method of compounding substances |
US7228879B2 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2007-06-12 | Fluid Management, Inc. | Apparatus for dispensing paint and stain samples and methods of dispensing paint and stain samples |
WO2007045512A2 (fr) * | 2005-10-21 | 2007-04-26 | Lenteq, Lp | Distributeur de liquide |
EP2198950B1 (fr) * | 2008-12-19 | 2011-10-12 | Fluid Management Operations LLC | Appareil pour distribuer plusieurs fluides |
US8448823B2 (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2013-05-28 | Fast & Fluid Management B.V. | Apparatus for dispensing a plurality of fluids with removable actuator module |
US10143984B2 (en) | 2011-03-28 | 2018-12-04 | Fast & Fluid Management B.V. | Method and apparatus for dispensing liquids from a plurality of cartridges |
EP3318318A1 (fr) * | 2016-11-04 | 2018-05-09 | Fast&Fluid Management B.V. | Appareil de distribution et récipient de fluide pouvant être amovible destiné à être utilisé dans un tel appareil de distribution |
EP3702320A1 (fr) | 2019-03-01 | 2020-09-02 | Fast&Fluid Management B.V. | Distributeur de liquide et procédé d'administration d'une additif |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4323097A (en) * | 1979-03-29 | 1982-04-06 | Achen John J | Turntable for colorant dispensers |
IT1165450B (it) * | 1979-09-28 | 1987-04-22 | Arrigoni Giordano | Distributore per impianti di stoccaggio e preparazione di colori |
US4878601A (en) * | 1988-02-16 | 1989-11-07 | Flemming J Peter | Liquid dispenser |
IT1227523B (it) * | 1988-12-06 | 1991-04-12 | Attilio Silvestri | Apparecchiatura per la regolazione dell'alimentazione contemporanea di piu' liquidi pigmentati in un impianto per la preparazione di prodotti vernicianti |
US5711458A (en) * | 1996-01-22 | 1998-01-27 | Fluid Management, Inc. | Paint dispensing apparatus |
-
1999
- 1999-10-04 EP EP99203225A patent/EP1090679B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1090679A1 (fr) | 2001-04-11 |
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