EP1090213B1 - Fasermatte - Google Patents
Fasermatte Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1090213B1 EP1090213B1 EP99923431A EP99923431A EP1090213B1 EP 1090213 B1 EP1090213 B1 EP 1090213B1 EP 99923431 A EP99923431 A EP 99923431A EP 99923431 A EP99923431 A EP 99923431A EP 1090213 B1 EP1090213 B1 EP 1090213B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fibres
- fibre
- mat
- fiber
- fibers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B19/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica
- B32B19/06—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/12—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
- C04B30/02—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders containing fibrous materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
- F01N3/2853—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing
- F01N3/2864—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing the mats or gaskets comprising two or more insulation layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
- B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
- B60R13/0876—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation for mounting around heat sources, e.g. exhaust pipes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0037—Materials containing oriented fillers or elements
- C04B2111/00379—Materials containing oriented fillers or elements the oriented elements being fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/50—Flexible or elastic materials
- C04B2111/503—Elastic materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
- F01N2450/02—Fitting monolithic blocks into the housing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
- F01N3/2853—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24058—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in respective layers or components in angular relation
- Y10T428/24074—Strand or strand-portions
- Y10T428/24083—Nonlinear strands or strand-portions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24058—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in respective layers or components in angular relation
- Y10T428/24074—Strand or strand-portions
- Y10T428/24091—Strand or strand-portions with additional layer[s]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
- Y10T442/3065—Including strand which is of specific structural definition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
- Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
- Y10T442/3195—Three-dimensional weave [e.g., x-y-z planes, multi-planar warps and/or wefts, etc.]
- Y10T442/3203—Multi-planar warp layers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
- Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
- Y10T442/3195—Three-dimensional weave [e.g., x-y-z planes, multi-planar warps and/or wefts, etc.]
- Y10T442/3211—Multi-planar weft layers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
- Y10T442/3707—Woven fabric including a nonwoven fabric layer other than paper
- Y10T442/3715—Nonwoven fabric layer comprises parallel arrays of strand material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/643—Including parallel strand or fiber material within the nonwoven fabric
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fiber mat, in particular from opposite Resistant to heat and thermal alternating stresses Material and particularly suitable for holding ceramic monoliths in pulsating exhaust systems of internal combustion engines, e.g. Motors from Motor vehicles.
- the exhaust gases are the driving force of internal combustion engines serving vehicles regularly catalytically treated to contain particularly harmful components convert the exhaust gases into less harmful substances.
- Typical catalyst arrangements consist of a ceramic Monolith, which is a large variety of narrow Has exhaust channels, the walls with catalytically active Material, usually platinum, palladium or rhodium, are occupied so that the exhaust gas passing through these channels interacts almost completely with the catalyst material can kick.
- the ceramic monolith or ceramic monoliths are regularly housed in metal housings, with the respective ceramic monolith by means of a more or less pronounced compliant mat is stored inside an annular gap between an outer peripheral surface of the ceramic Monolithes and a housing inner wall arranged is and holds the monolith essentially by friction.
- This storage mat is also said to be unavoidable Manufacturing tolerances of ceramic monolith and metal housing as well as the different thermal expansion coefficients balance of housing and monolith.
- the Storage mat exposed to high alternating loads because on the one hand the exhaust gas temperatures compared to normal The temperature of the atmosphere can reach extremely high values and on the other hand by splashing water on wet rain Roads or in car washes an extreme cooling of the Housing compared to the ceramic monolith can occur.
- the exhaust gas flow with pronounced pulsations is affected by the vibrations of the wall of the metal housing and the ceramic monolith on the exhaust gas inflow side constantly pulsating.
- Generic fiber mats are e.g. B. from the US 4,484,459 and EP 0 361 796 A2.
- the object of the invention is now to store ceramic Monoliths in exhaust systems with suitable fiber mats with special high resilience and pronounced permanent elasticity to accomplish.
- the invention is based on the general idea of the fiber mat as a fiber fabric with predominantly ordered fibers to train, in such a way that two touching Fibers of neighboring layers on their respective point of contact facing sides only at a certain distance lie on a fiber or fibers of other layers.
- the result of this is tantamount to being in the thickness direction the mat, i.e. perpendicular to the mat plane, points of contact and open spaces alternate more or less frequently follow each other.
- This allows a fiber to be attached to one Point of contact regularly in the direction of a point of contact diametrically opposite with respect to the fiber axis Give in free space so that the points of contact at least predominantly on yielding under load under bending Fiber areas are. So these fiber areas are similar bendable "bars" that are either side of one in one direction loaded point of contact to support them Load are stored.
- the fiber diameter is between about 3 to 15 ⁇ m, with fiber diameter of at least 5 ⁇ m are preferred, at optionally occurring small fragments of irritation of the avoid human skin and furthermore prevent that the fiber fragments are highly likely can be inhaled.
- fiber diameter is between about 3 to 15 ⁇ m, with fiber diameter of at least 5 ⁇ m are preferred, at optionally occurring small fragments of irritation of the avoid human skin and furthermore prevent that the fiber fragments are highly likely can be inhaled.
- Metal oxides in terms of their high thermal Resilience preferred. It is regular about extremely brittle materials. by virtue of the fiber fabric provided according to the invention and the small one However, fiber diameter can still be high Guaranteed permanent elasticity in the thickness direction of the mat become.
- At least part of the fiber layers consist of wavy or coiled fibers.
- the fibers of the fiber scrim become more under pressure or less wavy. This leads to itself a corresponding tensile load on the fibers and / or to one Shortening the mat lengthways and crossways.
- This Effect can be compensated for in that the fibers of the Mat in the unloaded and unstressed state one - preferably irregular - relatively large waveform Spatial wavelength and comparatively small spatial amplitude exhibit. This allows the fibers to press when the mat is pressed "stretch" something without being put under a lot of strain.
- auxiliary threads or the gluing from one material which is under heating (or by others Measures) can be removed from the mat after installation in a gap generated pressing forces by loosening the auxiliary threads or the bond can be increased.
- a fiber mat 1 consists of a plurality superimposed fiber layers with each other parallel fibers 2.
- the Fibers from layers immediately adjacent to each other are aligned transversely to each other.
- the fibers 2 of two Layers on both sides of an intermediate layer are arranged, for example the fibers of the first in Fig. 1 and the third layer from below, lie to each other parallel, but are in plan view of the layers to each other arranged on gap. This is the point of contact a fiber 2 an intermediate layer with a fiber 2 of a neighboring layer regularly removed from neighboring Points of contact of the aforementioned fibers with fibers 2 of the other neighboring layer.
- the fibers 2 can thermally heavy duty as well as thermal alternating loads resistant fibers consist of ceramic materials, for example from metal oxides such as aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, Boron oxide, zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide or mixed crystals from these materials or from silicon carbide and Silicon nitride. With these materials, fiber diameters are preferred of about 5 ⁇ m, the number the fiber layers can be a multiple of 100.
- the fiber mat 1 causes fiber diameters in the gap between the walls 3 and 4 in Figs. 2 and 3 an extraordinary high throttle resistance to gases that the Seek to penetrate the gap parallel to walls 3 and 4.
- due to the high number of fibers per unit volume a good shield against heat radiation and because of the many small spaces between the fibers 2 good thermal insulation of walls 3 and 4 reached from each other.
- the fiber mat is used to store a ceramic monolith used in exhaust systems, the gap between the monolith and the housing wall enclosing the monolith largely sealed gas-tight, moreover the monolith and the housing wall become thermal from one another effectively separated.
- FIG. 4 there is between two fiber layers with parallel, but offset parallel Fibers 2 'and 2' 'each have a wavy layer Fibers 5 arranged, the fibers 5 each one in Layer wave lying plane wave with a spatial wavelength form that twice the distance from neighboring fibers 2 'or of neighboring fibers 2 ''.
- the fibers lie there 2 '' preferably so that the wavy fibers 5 each like crossing at the extreme points of the wave while the fibers 2 '' the wavy fibers each in the area touch the curvature change.
- the wavy fibers 5 when the fiber mat is subjected to pressure on bending and torsion claimed lie on top of each other in the direction of the fibers following points of contact of a fiber 5 with neighboring fibers 2 'and 2' 'relatively far apart. Thereby may decrease the likelihood of fiber breaks become.
- the fiber layers are made each made of tubular fiber helices 6, the fiber helix one layer each transverse to the direction of the fiber coils the adjacent layer can be arranged.
- a Such fiber mat is characterized by high flexibility out. It also has good elasticity in the thickness direction guaranteed because the fiber coils 6 on the one hand can be squeezed elastically across the helix axis and on the other hand, at least in the case of fiber spirals 6 with a larger pitch there is the possibility that adjacent fiber coils 6 or the fiber coils 6 adjacent layers one inside the other be pressed.
- the fiber layers can each consist of weak corrugated fibers 7 exist, the spatial wavelength clearly greater than twice the transverse spacing of the fibers 7 of the respective Neighboring layer is.
- corrugated fibers 7 can also be carried out with little accuracy of laying the fibers 7 with a high probability, that the fibers of two immediately become an intermediate layer adjacent fiber layers in the transverse direction to each other offset points of contact with the fibers of the intermediate layer have and thus in the area of a point of contact associated with two different layers Fibers 7 on that facing away from the respective point of contact Side of a fiber 7 for bending this fiber 7 usable space is available.
- the waviness of the fibers allows them to be laid relatively easily achieve that between adjacent fibers a middle distance remains or only point contact.
- the preferred irregular waviness of the fibers can be preferred a spatial wavelength in the range of 100 times to Have 500 times the size of the fiber diameter.
- the spatial amplitude the ripple is preferably 10 times to 100 times the dimension of the fiber diameter.
- Fig. 7 shows a diagram showing the pressure P a Fiber mat depending on the height h one of the fiber mat filled gap reproduces, the fiber mat has a structure similar to FIG. 1.
- a largely linear compression characteristic K which is due to inevitable fiber breaks in the course the time in the direction of an essentially to the compression characteristic K shifts parallel characteristic K '.
- the steepness the characteristic curves K and K ' is determined by the transverse distances the fibers 2 within the fiber layers and the fiber diameter and the fiber material determined. Tighter cross distances as well as enlarged fiber diameters lead to a greater steepness of the characteristic curves K or K '.
- the usable area for the downward pressure is limited by the minimum pressure P min , which is necessary in order to ensure a sufficient frictional connection between the fiber mat and the monolith or between the fiber mat and the housing of the monolith cause.
- the usable range during pressing is limited by the maximum permissible pressure P max for the monolith, above which the fractures of the monolith are to be expected.
- the gap height h it must be ensured, on the one hand, that the value does not fall below h min , below which an excessive number of fiber breaks due to severe crushing of the fiber mat must be expected.
- the gap height should not exceed the value h max , above which the fibers of the fiber layers are only slightly subjected to bending, so that as the gap height increases, only a progressively decreasing pressure can be expected.
- the fiber mats can basically be made from methods known in weaving technology can be used.
- Glue can be used, for example on the basis of starch or polyvinyl acetate or acrylates.
- the fibers can be glued together a prestressed state of the fiber mat.
- the fiber mat according to the invention consists of a fiber fabric it is comparatively easy to do the fiber mat to train areas with different numbers of shifts, order, for example, when storing a ceramic Monolithes in an associated housing of an exhaust system particularly flexible areas of the housing wall to avoid the housing wall from the bearing mat.
- This can be particularly important if the ceramic monolith and the associated housing has a non-circular cross section with areas strongly curved and weak in areas have curved sections.
- the housing wall can have zones of comparatively large spring bumps execute that lead to a correspondingly strong change the gap height. If the storage mat in such areas has an increased number of shifts, one can everywhere solid storage of the monolith and good damping of the Wall vibrations and a good seal of the gap guaranteed become.
- the network and space grid structure the fiber mat or the fiber layers in longitudinal
- auxiliary fibers which, for example, zigzag in the network structure can be woven.
- the density should of the auxiliary fibers to be comparatively low to the on Elasticity of the fiber mat designed network structure as possible little to bother.
- burnable auxiliary fibers can be used for the production Spacers or binders made from heat softening Plastics inserted between the fibers of the mat or be woven in.
- Such auxiliary fibers can thermally the ceramic fibers glued or as a position fix for the Ceramic fibers must be melted into the mat structure.
- the auxiliary fibers may be thicker than the ceramic fibers his.
- Suitable auxiliary fibers of this type are, for example Acrylic, polyethylene and / or polyamide fibers.
- the making of this Fibers or the generation of the ripples can be caused by pressure pulsation during the extrusion of the fibers, through a pulsating Traction when stretching the fiber blank, through asymmetrical Nozzles with an oscillating change in passage speed of the fiber material and / or by oscillating Deflection of the fiber blank when the fiber material solidifies respectively.
- the fibers can be deposited by combs or the like be performed. Additionally or alternatively, the Fibers also through laminar air curtains or air jets be performed.
- the fibers of the fiber mat through auxiliary measures, such as. by auxiliary threads or gluing until Fix or insert the mat. Particularly preferred Way is provided to form this fixation so that the mat has a larger bias in the thickness direction is exposed.
- auxiliary threads for example the fiber layers are prestressed with one another to be "quilted". If the used to fix the fibers Materials can be removed thermally or in another way there is the possibility of the fixing material after assembly or installing the mat so that the of the Mat generated in a gap or the like pressing forces can be increased significantly.
- this Measures achieved that the mat is particularly easy in Gap or the like can be arranged because the pressing forces between the mat and the walls of the gap initially small be held as long as the fixation of the fiber layers remains effective under tension.
- the fiber mats according to the invention are preferred as Bearing mats for ceramic monoliths in exhaust systems from Internal combustion engines provided. Accordingly, they exist Fibers preferably made of materials that can withstand high thermal loads, as stated above.
- Mats there are also other applications for the invention Mats conceivable. These mats are always an advantage when it comes to high elasticity under pressure Mat arrives.
- the mats according to the invention are thus, for example also suitable for storing vibrating machines.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine ausschnittsweise perspektivische Ansicht mehrerer aufeinanderliegender Schichten einer Fasermatte,
- Fig. 2
- ein Schnittbild einer entsprechenden Fasermatte in unbelastetem Zustand,
- Fig. 3
- ein der Fig. 2 entsprechendes Schnittbild der Fasermatte bei Belastung,
- Fig. 4
- eine perspektivische, ausschnittsweise Ansicht dreier Faserschichten einer Ausführungsform, bei der die Faserschichten abwechselnd aus gewellten und geraden Fasern bestehen,
- Fig. 5
- eine perspektivische, ausschnittsweise Darstellung einer Fasermatte, deren Faserschichten aus gewendelten Fasern bestehen,
- Fig. 6
- eine schematisierte Draufsicht auf drei Faserebenen, die jeweils aus schwach gewellten Fasern bestehen, und
- Fig. 7
- ein Diagramm, welches die Pressung einer Fasermatte in Abhängigkeit der Höhe eines von der Fasermatte ausgefüllten Spaltes wiedergibt.
Claims (12)
- Fasermatte aus gegenüber Hitze und thermischen Wechselbeanspruchungen beständigem Material, mit in geordneten Schichten angordneten Fasern,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie als Lagermatte zur Lagerung eines keramischen Monolithen in pulsationsbelasteten Abgasanlagen von Brennkraftmaschinen verwendet ist, wobei die Fasern (2, 5, 6, 7) einer Schicht quer zu den Fasern der Nachbarschicht bzw. Nachbarschichten verlaufen und jede Faser einer zwischen zwei Nachbarschichten liegenden Zwischenschicht auf den Fasern jeder Nachbarschicht an einer Vielzahl von Berührungspunkten aufliegt, deren Abstände voneinander im Mittel größer als der Faserdurchmesser ist, und die Berührungspunkte der Faser mit den Fasern der einen Nachbarschicht - zumindest überwiegend - versetzt zu den Berührungspunkten mit den Fasern der anderen Nachbarschicht liegen. - Fasermatte nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abstände der Berührungspunkte voneinander bei einem Vielfachen der Faserdurchmesser liegen. - Fasermatte nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dicke der Fasermatte um mehrere Größenordnungen im Bereich mehrerer Potenzen der Zahl 10 größer als der Faserdurchmesser ist. - Fasermatte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest die Fasern jeder zweiten Schicht wellenförmig ausgebildet sind. - Fasermatte nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schichten abwechselnd etwa geradlinige und wellenförmige Fasern aufweisen, wobei die geradlinigen Fasern auf der einen Seite der Schicht aus wellenförmigen Fasern im Bereich der Wellen-Extrempunkte an den wellenförmigen Fasern anliegen, während die geradlinigen Fasern der anderen Nachbarschicht der Schicht aus wellenförmigen Fasern an den Krümmungswechselpunkten der wellenförmigen Fasern anliegen. - Fasermatte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fasern, zumindest einiger Schichten, schraubenförmig gewendelt sind. - Fasermatte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand zwischen parallelen Fasern einer Faserlage derart eingestellt ist, daß eine maximal zulässige Zugspannung innerhalb der Fasern erreicht wird, sobald die Fasern durch Biegebeanspruchung an der nächsten Faserlage mit gleicher Faserrichtung anliegen. - Fasermatte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fasern bzw. Faserebenen der Matte bei der Montage durch ausbrennbare Hilfsfäden oder ausbrennbaren Kunststoff-Kleber bis zum Einbau bzw. Einsatz der Matte unter Verspannung in sich geometrisch fixiert sind. - Fasermatte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fasern bzw. Faserebenen der Matte unter Preßvorspannung der Matte miteinander verklebt sind, und daß die Verklebung unter Erwärmung lösbar ist. - Fasermatte nach einemd der Ansprüche 1 bis 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dicke der Fasern zwischen 3 und 15 m liegt. - Fasermatte nach Anspruch 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Durchmesser der Fasern einen Wert von ca. 5 m hat. - Fasermatte nach einem der Abnsprüche 1 bis 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fasern aus glasigem bzw. keramischem Material, insbesondere aus Metalloxiden, wie z.B. Aluminiumoxid, Siliziumoxid, Bohroxid, Zirkonoxid und Hafniumoxid, bzw. aus Mischkristallen von Metalloxiden und/oder Siliziumkarbid und/oder Siliziumnitrid bestehen.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19829110 | 1998-06-30 | ||
| DE19829110A DE19829110A1 (de) | 1998-06-30 | 1998-06-30 | Fasermatte |
| PCT/EP1999/002684 WO2000000722A1 (de) | 1998-06-30 | 1999-04-21 | Fasermatte |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1090213A1 EP1090213A1 (de) | 2001-04-11 |
| EP1090213B1 true EP1090213B1 (de) | 2002-07-10 |
Family
ID=7872472
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99923431A Expired - Lifetime EP1090213B1 (de) | 1998-06-30 | 1999-04-21 | Fasermatte |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6660359B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1090213B1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19829110A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2000000722A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7155866B2 (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2007-01-02 | Certainteed Corporation | Cementitious exterior sheathing product having improved interlaminar bond strength |
| CN100447382C (zh) * | 2005-10-07 | 2008-12-31 | 揖斐电株式会社 | 保持密封件及废气处理装置 |
| JP5068452B2 (ja) * | 2005-10-07 | 2012-11-07 | イビデン株式会社 | 保持シール材および排気ガス処理装置 |
| DE102007062662A1 (de) * | 2007-12-24 | 2009-06-25 | J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG | Schiebesitz und Abgasbehandlungseinrichtung |
| AU2017244041B2 (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2022-12-01 | Marine Canada Acquisition Inc. | Vehicle heater and controls therefor |
| JP7085819B2 (ja) * | 2017-10-31 | 2022-06-17 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 排気ガス処理装置用保持材、その製造方法及び排気ガス処理装置 |
| USD955758S1 (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2022-06-28 | Columbia Insurance Company | Tufted article |
| USD954448S1 (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2022-06-14 | Columbia Insurance Company | Tufted article |
| EP4364937A4 (de) * | 2021-06-30 | 2024-10-09 | IBIDEN Co., Ltd. | Mattenmaterial, abgasreinigungsvorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung des mattenmaterials |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3949109A (en) | 1973-04-16 | 1976-04-06 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Support structures for fixed bed flow reactors |
| US4484459A (en) * | 1983-09-28 | 1984-11-27 | Knytex Proform | Biased multi-layer structural fabric composites stitched in a vertical direction and process and apparatus for making same |
| DE3514150C1 (de) * | 1985-04-19 | 1986-04-10 | LEISTRITZ Maschinenfabrik GmbH, 8500 Nürnberg | Katalytische Abgasentgiftungsvorrichtung mit stabilisierter Federmatte |
| GB8822521D0 (en) | 1988-09-26 | 1988-11-02 | Tech Textiles Ltd | Method of producing formable composite material |
| EP0824184B1 (de) | 1996-08-14 | 2002-10-23 | Denso Corporation | Keramischer katalytischer Konverter |
| US6107220A (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 2000-08-22 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Rapid fabric forming |
-
1998
- 1998-06-30 DE DE19829110A patent/DE19829110A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-04-21 DE DE59901998T patent/DE59901998D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-21 US US09/743,017 patent/US6660359B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-21 WO PCT/EP1999/002684 patent/WO2000000722A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1999-04-21 EP EP99923431A patent/EP1090213B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2000000722A1 (de) | 2000-01-06 |
| EP1090213A1 (de) | 2001-04-11 |
| DE59901998D1 (de) | 2002-08-14 |
| US6660359B1 (en) | 2003-12-09 |
| DE19829110A1 (de) | 2000-01-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE60018969T2 (de) | Stützstruktur für verbundbauteile | |
| EP0223053B1 (de) | Sandwichbauteil | |
| EP1090213B1 (de) | Fasermatte | |
| EP0305891B1 (de) | Leitungselement für Abgasanlagen | |
| EP0663488B1 (de) | Lüftungselement für Dächer | |
| DE102013205204A1 (de) | Gewebe | |
| EP0220468B1 (de) | Aus Blechen gewickelter oder geschichteter metallischer Katalysatorträgerkörper mit Doppel- oder Mehrfachwellenstruktur | |
| DE3039651A1 (de) | Luftschallschluckende, verformte platte | |
| DE9005031U1 (de) | Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung | |
| EP1238226A1 (de) | Flexibles leitungselement | |
| DE102004039706B3 (de) | Vorrichtung zur akustischen und thermischen Abschirmung, Verwendung und Herstellungsverfahren | |
| EP0784507A1 (de) | Mikrostrukturen in gekreuzter anordnung | |
| EP1534505A1 (de) | Mehrlagiges schall- und warmeisolationsteil | |
| WO1999017006A1 (de) | Wabenkörperanordnung mit tragabschnitten | |
| WO2022214316A1 (de) | Schalldämmendes verbundbauteil mit wabenkern und herstellverfahren hierfür | |
| DE4407097C2 (de) | Textilware und daraus hergestelltes Verbundmaterial | |
| EP0797486B1 (de) | Gitter, insbesondere flächiges gitter (gittermatte) | |
| EP0389750B1 (de) | Trägerkörper für einen katalytischen Reaktor zur Abgasreinigung | |
| EP2229510A1 (de) | Wabenkörper mit strukturiertem blechmaterial | |
| EP0416649A2 (de) | Orientierte Kolonnenfüllung | |
| WO2001084685A1 (de) | Wärmeschutzvorrichtung, insbesondere für langgestreckte körper | |
| EP3511641B1 (de) | Schalldämpfelement für eine raumlufttechnische klima- und/oder lüftungsanlage | |
| DE4243079A1 (de) | Wabenkörper und Herstellungsverfahren für einen Wabenkörper | |
| EP1834693B1 (de) | Gewebepackung | |
| DE10039885A1 (de) | Desorbierbares Sorptionsfilter, insbesondere zur Behandlung der einem Fahrzeuginnenraum zuführbaren Luft, und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Sorptionsfilters |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20000926 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20010426 |
|
| GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
| GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
| GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
| GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59901998 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20020814 |
|
| GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20020902 |
|
| ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20030411 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20050421 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 19 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20180423 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20180424 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20180403 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R071 Ref document number: 59901998 Country of ref document: DE |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: PE20 Expiry date: 20190420 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION Effective date: 20190420 |