EP1087889A1 - Procede et dispositif permettant de former une botte - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif permettant de former une botte

Info

Publication number
EP1087889A1
EP1087889A1 EP99927028A EP99927028A EP1087889A1 EP 1087889 A1 EP1087889 A1 EP 1087889A1 EP 99927028 A EP99927028 A EP 99927028A EP 99927028 A EP99927028 A EP 99927028A EP 1087889 A1 EP1087889 A1 EP 1087889A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plants
bundling
infeed
bundle
conveyors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99927028A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mats Wilstrand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wilstrand Innovation I Hedemora AB
Original Assignee
Wilstrand Innovation I Hedemora AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wilstrand Innovation I Hedemora AB filed Critical Wilstrand Innovation I Hedemora AB
Publication of EP1087889A1 publication Critical patent/EP1087889A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B27/00—Bundling particular articles presenting special problems using string, wire, or narrow tape or band; Baling fibrous material, e.g. peat, not otherwise provided for
    • B65B27/10—Bundling rods, sticks, or like elongated objects
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00—Forestry
    • A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
    • A01G23/08—Felling trees
    • A01G23/081—Feller-bunchers, i.e. with bunching by felling head

Definitions

  • the present invention relates- generally to the field of biomass energy and more specifically relates to a method and an apparatus for forming a bundle of woody plants for use in this field, and of the kinds specified in the preambles of the enclosed claims 1 and 7 respectively. Description of the prior art
  • Another unsatisfactory design solution of the prior art machine is a bundle former consisting of a plurality of separate circular disks intended to provide a rotary movement to the plants as the bundle is formed.
  • the object of the invention is, therefore, to provide a method and an apparatus of the above indicated kind which permit the formation of bundles of biomass energy plants in an efficient manner and in a comparatively restricted space, and yet to a very competitive cost.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, for bundling plants,
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view from above of the embodiment according to Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 is a side view of the embodiment according to Fig. 1
  • Fig. 4 is a front view of the embodiment according to Fig. 1
  • Fig. 5 shows a section of an embodiment of a chain for the infeed device of the apparatus of Figs. 1-4
  • Fig. 6 shows a section of a conveyor chain in the platform of the apparatus according to Figs. 1-4,
  • Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, for bundling plants
  • Fig. 8 is a plan view from above of the apparatus according to Fig. 7,
  • Fig. 9 is a front view of the apparatus according to Fig. 1, and
  • Fig.10 is a schematical illustration of the movable link system of the bundling tunnel in the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 7-9.
  • FIGs. 1-4 illustrate an embodiment of the apparatus 1 according to the present invention that is intended for harvesting and bundling woody plants of any kind, such as energy forest and other biomass energy plants, sugar cane and corn stalks.
  • the apparatus 1 is designed to be towed as indicated in the drawing figures by means of the drawbar 2 and the coupling 3 to be connected to the power take-off of for instance an ordinary agricultural tractor.
  • drawbar 2 the drawbar 2 and the coupling 3 to be connected to the power take-off of for instance an ordinary agricultural tractor.
  • the invention is likewise applicable to a self-propelled machine.
  • the bundling apparatus or bundler 1 in the illustrated embodiment, generally consists of the following main units; a cutting unit 4 for successively cutting off the growing plants as the apparatus 1 is advanced, an infeed unit 5 for receiving the growing plants and holding/stabilizing them during the cutting-off and for feeding the cut-off plants to the actual bundling assembly of the apparatus 1, a platform unit 7 onto which the cut-off plants are fed by the infeed unit 5 and which in turn takes over the responsibility for the further feed of the cut-off plants, a bundling unit 8 for forming a continuous bundle of the cut-off plants, and a bundle cutting and strapping unit 9 for providing separate strapped bundles of predetermined length.
  • Said cutting unit 4 which is only schematically illustrated in the drawings, consists of a right-angled frame 41 which is opened forwardly, i.e. in the towing direction C of the apparatus 1. At the free ends of the forwardly directed legs of the frame 41 ground engaging nose pieces 42 are provided. Said nose pieces 42 are provided with skids 42a intended to slide on the ground so as to maintain the cutting unit 4 on the correct height for cutting the plants.
  • an endless saw chain 43 is driven such that an unsupported section of the chain 43 spans the distance between the free ends of the frame 41.
  • sections of the endless chain 43 run within the frame 41, around further, not illustrated pulleys, of which at least one is driven by a likewise not specifically illustrated motor.
  • a section of the saw chain 43 spans the distance between the legs of the frame 41 at a small distance from the base of said legs.
  • the infeed unit 5 is likewise designed and functions according to conventional basic principles and consists of two separate infeed conveyors 51, 52 which between them form a relatively narrow space 56 (Fig. 2)through which the plants are fed from the receiving end 53 to the output end 54 of the infeed unit 5.
  • each such infeed conveyor 51, 52 is provided with a guide member 55 for securely guiding the plants successively into the space between the infeed conveyors 51, 52 which are separately, firmly secured to the basic frame or chassis 100 of the apparatus 1, said chassis rotatably supporting running wheels 101 of the apparatus.
  • the guide members 55 are each provided with a single conveyor chain 55a passed around pulleys 55b at the respective ends of each guide member 55, as illustrated in Fig.
  • Each such infeed conveyor 51, 52 consists of a base structure 57 in each of which two separate, endless conveyor chains 58, 59 (only partially illustrated in the drawings) are arranged, passed around respective pulleys 65, 66 and running in chain guides 67, 68 between the respective pulleys 65, 66.
  • the links of the conveyor chains 58, 59 are provided with drivers 63 for engaging the plants, as will be described more closely below, with reference to Fig. 5.
  • the arrangement of the conveyor chains 58, 59 in each infeed conveyor 51, 52 is such that said chains 58, 59 have substantially the same extent and are positioned one above the other, spaced apart by a distance decreasing from the infeed end 53 towards the output end 54 of the infeed unit 5.
  • successful tests have been performed where the distance between the upper and lower chains 58, 59 is 20-25 cm at the infeed end 53 whereas said distance gradually decreases to 5-10 cm at the output end 54.
  • the plants will be discharged at the output end 54 of the infeed unit 5 onto the platform unit 7 in a substantially horizontal position, thereby securing that the plants are positioned in order on the platform unit 7, in the proper position.
  • a short section of the infeed conveyor chain 58 or 59 is illustrated, which is basically designed as an ordinary chain consisting of interconnected links, where the inner links 60 have a conventional design whereas the outer links 61 are formed of an outer guide portion 62 slidingly engaging the respective guide members 67, 68 of the conveyors 51, 52 and a driver member 63 having a generally outwardly tapering shape, the purpose of which is to engage the plants.
  • said conveyor chains 58, 59 are arranged such that in the receiving space 56 each pair of upper and lower conveyor chains 58, 59 cooperate to hold and advance the received plants.
  • the driver members 63 of each pair of upper or lower chains 58, 59 are directed towards each other for forming plant receiving pockets 64 between adjacent links of the opposite chains.
  • the driver members are preferably manufactured from a suitable rubber material.
  • Said platform unit 7 basically consists of a lower frame 70 firmly connected to the above described base frame 100 of the apparatus 1.
  • an upper plant supporting platform 71 which may preferably be formed by interconnected square steel bars and plate sections covering the spaces between the square bars, so as to form a supporting plane for the plants discharged from the infeed unit 5.
  • Said plant supporting platform 71 may be substantially horizontal, but in the preferred embodiment it is inclined slightly in relation to the horizontal plane, and more specifically so as to become lower in the later described feeding direction B of the formed bundle, so as to support such a feeding movement of the bundle.
  • platform conveyors 72 consisting of second, endless conveyor chains 73, see especially fig. 6, extended in a direction D generally transversal to the longitudinal direction of the plants discharged onto the platform unit 7 and to the towing direction C.
  • Each of the platform conveyor chains 73 is guided in platform guide members 74a, 74b, 74c of which a first guide member 74a is extended in the support plane of the platform 71 and continues in a second guide member 74b extended around the inner periphery of the partially open bundling tunnel 80 of the bundling unit 8, which will be described more closely below.
  • the second guide member 74b preferably extends in a helical path along the full inner periphery of the bundling tunnel 80, for reasons discussed below, but may very well, for certain applications, be extended only over a part of the inner periphery of said tunnel 80. Close to the end of the second guide member 74b the chain 73 runs over a pulley 75 a and into a third guide member 74c extended along the outer periphery of the bundling tunnel 80. Said last mentioned pulleys 75a of all platform conveyors 72 are preferably drive pulleys of the conveyors and are therefore supported on a common shaft 75b driven by a motor not illustrated in the drawings.
  • the third guide members 74c have a specific design with relatively high side plates (compare especially with fig. 1) so as to serve a triple function, and specifically their first purpose is to guide the conveyor chain 73 as it returns on the outside of the tunnel 80; their second purpose is to cover the chain 73 and its driver members, described further below, for safety reasons; and their third purpose is to strengthen the bundling tunnel 80.
  • the platform conveyor chain 73 passes over a second pulley (not illustrated in the drawing figures) and returns below the support plane of the platform 71 extending across the platform 71 to a third pulley 75c around which the chain 73 runs so as to reenter the first platform guide member 74a.
  • the platform conveyor chains 73 are preferably also chains of a traditional design having interconnected links 73a, 73b, where the outer link on one side is formed by a platform driver member 73b, preferably made of steel.
  • Said platform driver members 73b of the platform conveyor chains 73 are directed such that as the chains 73 run through the first and second guide members 74a and 74b the driver members 73b extend up through a longitudinal slot 74d in the guide members 74a, 74b and engage the plants discharged onto the platform 71, for moving them sideways into the partially open bundling tunnel 80 and also to rotate them whithin the bundling tunnel 80.
  • the bundling tunnel 80 is in the shape of a steel cylinder open at both ends and with a portion of its peripheral wall removed for forming an infeed opening 81 extending the full length of the tunnel 80 and corresponding to approximately one quarter of its circumference.
  • the bundling tunnel 80 is moreover preferably positioned such that its centre axis forms an angle larger than 90°, preferably in the area of 110-130° with the general feeding direction of the plants on the platform 71, i.e. with the longitudinal direction of the platform conveyor chains 73 in the first guide members 74a.
  • the conveyor chains 73 will automatically enter the bundling tunnel 80 at an angle corresponding to the helix angle of a helical shape of the second guide member 74b at the inner periphery of the bundling tunnel 80 and of the third guide member 74c at the outer periphery of the bundling tunnel 80, to thereby provide the combined rotational and forward feeding action for the plants during formation of the bundle.
  • the bundling tunnel 80 may advantageously be provided with a short, slightly inwardly tapering section at its bundle discharge end, i.e. closest to the cutting and strapping unit 9.
  • the purpose of this tapering section is to compact the formed bundle without creating to large a resistance to the feeding movement of the formed bundle, and therefore the cross section of the tunnel 80 should be reduced to approximately correspond to the inner surface of the guide members 74b or slightly smaller.
  • the formed continous bundle is fed to a cutting and strapping unit 9 which is only schematically illustrated in drawing figures 1-4 and which need not be described in any specific detail since it may preferably employ conventional apparatuses, such as a cutting apparatus 91 and a strapping apparatus 92.
  • the cutting apparatus 91 may for instance be a conventional guillotine-type cutting apparatus
  • the strapping apparatus 92 may be of any conventional kind suitable for providing straps at regular distances from each other around the bundle being fed therethrough.
  • the formed, cut-off and strapped bundle is discharged from the apparatus 1, and due to the angular position of the bundling tunnel 80 the formed bundles are discharged safely at one side of the apparatus.
  • the basic principle of the present invention is achieved, namely that a very compact and simple design is realized, and more specifically this is achieved by means of the unique principle of discharging the harvested plants onto a platform 70 on which the plants are subsequently conveyed sideways into a partially open bundling tunnel 80.
  • This unique bundling forming technique it will primarily not be necessary to adapt the apparatus to the very varying length of for instance energy forest plants, which may be up to approximately 6 meters long.
  • the harvested plants are positioned on the platform 71 by the infeed unit 5, with their root ends at a generally fixed position rear- wardly with respect to the general infeed direction A (see Fig. 2).
  • said position of the root ends is maintained such that the formation of the bundle starts with the root ends of the plants at a fixed position, irrespectively of the actual length of the plants, said bundle forming direction B being reversed with respect to the infeed direction A in the illustrated embodiment.
  • FIG. 7-10 A second embodiment of the present invention will now be described with specific reference to Figs. 7-10, said embodiment being identical to the first embodiment with respect to the drawbar 2, the coupling 3, the plant cutting unit 4, the infeed unit 5, the cutting and strapping unit 9 and the base frame 100 with wheels 101, and therefore the same reference designations are used for said parts and a specific description thereof will be omitted.
  • the different chains i.e. the saw chain, the infeed conveyor chains and the platform conveyor chains and their respective pulleys have been eliminated from figs. 7-9 for reasons of clarity.
  • the apparatus 1' of the second embodiment employs an adjustable or variable bundling tunnel 80' in the bundling unit 8'.
  • Said variable bundling tunnel 80' is formed by a series of link systems 81 ' (Fig. 10), preferably one link system 81' for each of the later described tunnel chain sets 82'.
  • Each link system 81 ' consists of a number of, in the illustrated embodiment four, pivotally interconnected links 81 'a, 81 'b, 81 'c and 81 'd, the first link 81 'a being pivotally supported by the platform 71 ', specifically by being freely pivotally journalled on a shaft 83 'a which is rotatably journalled in the platform 71' and which carries one pulley 84 'a for each link system 81 '.
  • freely rotatable shafts 83'b, 83'c, 83'd and 83'e are supported by all of the link systems 81 ' at the pivotal connections between the links 81 'a, 81'b, 81'c and 81 'd and at the free end of the last link 8 I'd, said shafts each carrying two pulleys 84'b, 84'c, 84'd except for said last shaft 83'e which carries one single pulley 84'e.
  • each conveyor chain set 82' one conveyor chain 82'a, 82'b, 82'c and 82'd is extended around each corresponding pair of pulleys for forming a conveyor structure corresponding to that of the first embodiment although allowing for the adjustability of the width of the bundling tunnel 80'.
  • the bundling tunnel 80' it is not possible to make the same efficient use of the inclination of the bundling tunnel in order to obtain the helical conveyor form, and therefore the bundling tunnel is preferably extended at a right angle to the direction D of extension of the platform conveyor chains 73'. Accordingly, in this embodiment the bundle forming direction B' is also substantially perpendicular to the direction D and parallell to the towing direction C. Therefore, in order to obtain the rotational and forward conveying movement of the bundle being formed, said pulleys are tilted relative to a plane perpendicular to their respective shaft, in a manner not specifically illustrated in the drawings.
  • the conveyor chain sets 82' are preferably driven by the respective platform conveyor chain 73' by providing a further rotatably journalled shaft 85' in the plat- form 71' said shaft carrying pulleys 85'a for the platform conveyor chains 73' as well as for a further drive transmitting chain 86' which is also extended over a further, not illustrated pulley on the first link system shaft 83 'a.
  • the drive means for manoeuvring the link systems in order to vary the width of the bundling tunnel 80' are not illustrated specifically in the drawings but it should be noted that any conventional drive means could be employed for this purpose, such as hydraulic cylinders interconnecting the adjacent links such that when they are simultaneously actuated to extend their piston rods they cause a clockwise rotation (with reference to Fig. 10) from the bundle forming position of Fig. 10 to a substantially flat condition forming an extension of the plat- form 71' and such that when they are simultaneously actuated to retract the piston rods they cause the link systems to return to the illustrated bundle forming position.
  • any conventional drive means could be employed for this purpose, such as hydraulic cylinders interconnecting the adjacent links such that when they are simultaneously actuated to extend their piston rods they cause a clockwise rotation (with reference to Fig. 10) from the bundle forming position of Fig. 10 to a substantially flat condition forming an extension of the plat- form 71' and such that when they are simultaneously actuated to retract the piston rod
  • the platform unit T of this second embodiment is essentially identical to that of the first embodiment although the platform 71' in itself is slightly modified, mainly in view of the diffe- rent position of the bundling tunnel 80' and the journals for the pivotal link system 81' and the shafts 83 'a and possibly 85'. It should be emphasized that in this embodiment also the platform 71 ' is formed of plates covering the distances between the bars of the framework, although said plates have been removed in figs. 7-9 in order to provide a better illustration of the framework of the platform unit T .
  • the platform 71' is provided with a guide member consisting only of the first section 74'a whereas the tunnel conveyor chains do not run in any guides.
  • protective covers 87 are provided externally of the chain sets 82', said covers being separated for allowing for the pivotal movement but in effect being connected to each other by means of not illustrated rubber bellows to thereby have the functional design appearing in figs. 7 and 8 offering full protection against injury by the chains.
  • all of the chains of the second embodiment, i.e. the platform conveyor chains 73', possibly the drive transmitting chain 86' and all of the chains in the chain sets 82' are of the same kind as the platform conveyor chains 73' illustrated and described in connection with the first embodiment, i.e. being equipped with driver members which are not specifically illustrated in Figs. 7-10.
  • the main advantage of the described second embodiment is that bundles of variable diameter may be formed but this embodiment also adds to the flexibility of the bundling apparatus 1'. More specifically the apparatus may be employed in the following manner.
  • the bundling tunnel 80' When a field is to be harvested the bundling tunnel 80' is unfolded so as to form a flat continuation of the plat- form 71' either for receiving plants to be used in full lengths for instance for planting, or for harvesting a section of the field until the platform is full and then returning to a specific location where the bundling tunnel 80' is folded again and the sideways conveying is started for forming bundles of the collected material at said specific location so that they will not have to be picked up on the field.
  • the platform When the platform is emptied the tunnel 80' is unfolded and harvesting is resumed.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de botteler des plantes ligneuses qui sont successivement introduites et attachées dans une unité de bottelage (8) dans laquelle les plantes et la botte continue formées sont simultanément soumises à un mouvement de rotation et à un mouvement sensiblement linéaire dans le sens longitudinal de la botte continue formée. Selon l'invention, les plantes sont cédées à une surface support (7) sur laquelle elles sont attachées et transportées dans une direction généralement transversale à la longueur des plantes et latéralement dans l'unité de bottelage.
EP99927028A 1998-06-15 1999-05-04 Procede et dispositif permettant de former une botte Withdrawn EP1087889A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9802127 1998-06-15
SE9802127A SE514201C2 (sv) 1998-06-15 1998-06-15 Sätt och anordning för att forma en bunt
PCT/SE1999/000736 WO1999065773A1 (fr) 1998-06-15 1999-05-04 Procede et dispositif permettant de former une botte

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1087889A1 true EP1087889A1 (fr) 2001-04-04

Family

ID=20411710

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99927028A Withdrawn EP1087889A1 (fr) 1998-06-15 1999-05-04 Procede et dispositif permettant de former une botte

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1087889A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU4402699A (fr)
SE (1) SE514201C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999065773A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI115438B (fi) * 2000-05-18 2005-05-13 Risto Koskinen Laite erityisesti hakkuujätteen niputtamista varten
FI110659B (fi) * 2000-07-03 2003-03-14 Pasi Romo Menetelmä energiapuun käsittelemiseksi sekä korjuulaite
AT502372B1 (de) * 2006-02-13 2007-03-15 Fuchsluger Josef Materialbündler
DE102007008012A1 (de) * 2007-02-15 2008-08-21 Hans-Jürgen Vieths Schwachholzbündelvorrichtung
DE102009019167B4 (de) 2009-04-22 2018-01-04 Technische Universität Dresden Landwirtschaftliche Maschine zur Ernte von Holzruten

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3837465A (en) * 1973-03-30 1974-09-24 Morgan Construction Co Assembly and transfer apparatus
FI59904C (fi) * 1979-06-11 1981-11-10 Eero Antero Maekelae Foerfarande och anordning foer klenvirkesskoerd
SE420673B (sv) * 1980-02-06 1981-10-26 Sikob Ab Forfarande och maskin for hantering av fellda klena tred eller liknande vexter
US4592398A (en) * 1984-12-14 1986-06-03 Canadian Patents And Development Limited Continuous tree harvestor
SE9100462L (sv) * 1991-02-15 1992-03-02 Wilstrand Svets & Mek Ab Foerfarande och anordning foer skoerd och buntning av vaexter

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9965773A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9802127L (sv) 1999-12-16
SE514201C2 (sv) 2001-01-22
AU4402699A (en) 2000-01-05
WO1999065773A1 (fr) 1999-12-23
SE9802127D0 (sv) 1998-06-15

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