EP1084979A1 - Gripper for a lifting device to pick-up the containers from above - Google Patents

Gripper for a lifting device to pick-up the containers from above Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1084979A1
EP1084979A1 EP00250288A EP00250288A EP1084979A1 EP 1084979 A1 EP1084979 A1 EP 1084979A1 EP 00250288 A EP00250288 A EP 00250288A EP 00250288 A EP00250288 A EP 00250288A EP 1084979 A1 EP1084979 A1 EP 1084979A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cross member
gripping
elements
gripper according
hook
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00250288A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1084979B1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Nerger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Demag Cranes and Components GmbH
Original Assignee
Atecs Mannesmann GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1084979A1 publication Critical patent/EP1084979A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/62Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled
    • B66C1/66Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gripper of a lifting and lowering receiving device for containers to be gripped from above according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a generic gripper for from above loads to be gripped is provided.
  • the gripper consists of a frame that is made of Cross and side members is formed, and is attached to an eyelet with a hoist connected.
  • a pair of gripping elements are arranged on the cross beams, whose distance corresponds approximately to the length of the cross member. So that's the distance large compared to the gripping element dimensions (width, length, thickness).
  • Each Gripping element consists of two hook elements in a common vertical Lay level and the hook tips are facing away from each other. The the Hook tips opposite surfaces of the two hook elements are each other facing and lie against each other in the ready position of the gripping element.
  • the gripping elements extend vertically downwards and dive when they are put on of the frame onto the container in each case in a container opening, the Container openings in the container side wall are slit-shaped.
  • the gripper is specially designed for standard containers which are open at the top and which are located in the vertical Side walls in the upper edge area extending into the side wall Have container openings.
  • the hook elements are each Gripping elements in a gripping position can be swung apart (spreadable) where they are under grab the edge of the slit-shaped opening.
  • the document DE 42 29 346 describes a vertical gripper for system containers in which a pair of gripping elements is assigned to each of two cross members. The gripping elements can be moved transversely to the stroke direction.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a structurally simple gripper that consists of a few inexpensive to produce individual parts.
  • each cross member has at least a pair of gripping elements and that the gripping elements of each pair are linearly displaceable in opposite directions along the cross member.
  • the gripping elements for example, each fastened to a supporting element, are moved into the gripping position in that the supporting elements are each linearly displaced until the gripping elements engage under the corresponding adhesive elements on the container.
  • the gripping elements of each pair are moved until they come to rest on the edges of the container opening.
  • each cross member is made of two longitudinally displaceable Formed cross member plates and a gripping element of the pair is arranged on each cross member plate, so that the gripping elements of each pair are mutually displaceable along the cross member.
  • the safety of gripping can be increased in that each gripping element of the Pair of two hook elements is formed, the one hook element on the one and the other hook element is arranged on the other cross member plate.
  • each gripping element is expediently each other turned away, so that this the container opening on opposite side edges reach under.
  • the trouble-free moving of the gripping elements from the pushed apart in the overlapping position is ensured by the fact that the two pushed apart hook elements of each gripping element transverse to Seen in the longitudinal direction overlap each other.
  • the shift of the Hook elements is so limited that when pushed apart in No gap is formed between the hook elements in the transverse direction Entangling the hook elements could cause.
  • each cross member sheet together with the associated hook elements from a sheet cut out, especially by means of the laser cutting process. so you are expediently formed in one piece.
  • a firm connection between the hook element and the cross member plate is achieved in that each cross member sheet and the associated hook elements are integrally formed.
  • the lower end of one of the two hook elements of the Gripping elements is designed so that there is a gap between the hook elements covers. This can be done simply by bending the lower end and using the Cutting off this end is done at an angle so that a gap covering edge arises.
  • the insertion of the gripping elements is trouble-free when the two pushed together hook elements of each gripping element transversely to the longitudinal direction seen overlap each other in such a way that they taper downwards in form the container opening easily insertable insertion element.
  • the gripping elements have a hook-free shape.
  • the bolts can also be formed on the ends of the side members, what results in a simple construction.
  • the parallel longitudinal beams are telescopically displaceable.
  • the bolts are on the outside rotatably mounted support rollers to rest on the edge of the container, which the Frictional resistance reduced.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a gripper 1 of a liftable and lowerable Receiving device for containers.
  • the gripper 1 consists of a from above on the Container attachable frame 2, which consists of two cross members 3 and two side members 4 is formed.
  • two gripping elements 6 are arranged, which are extend downwards and immerse into a container opening each time you put it on or intervene.
  • the distance between the gripping elements 6 of each pair is greater than that largest dimension of the gripping elements 6, i.e. greater than their length, width and Height. In the exemplary embodiment, the distance between the gripping elements 6 corresponds approximately to that 6 times the downward gripping element length.
  • the two parallel longitudinal beams 4 consist of tubular elements 7, which are telescopically slidable. In this way, the side members 4 separable and collapsible, so that the size of the frame 2 different container sizes can be adapted.
  • the ends of the longitudinal beams 4 are designed like bolts. These bolts 5 are inserted through the cross member 3 and connect the Cross member 3 with the side members 4. At the ends, the bolts 5 are freely rotatable Support rollers 14 for resting on the edge of the container.
  • FIG. 2 shows a front view and a top view of the gripper 1 according to FIG. 1 Fig. 2 can be seen that two parallel each arranged transversely to the side members 4 a connecting member 10 forming connecting elements 11, the two side members 4 connect with each other. As the top view shows, they exist Connecting elements 11 each made of three parallel firmly connected Connection plates that are structurally simple e.g. by means of the laser cutting process are producible.
  • Fig. 3 shows a sectional view with a view of the connection carrier 10 according to the Section line in Fig. 2.
  • the connecting elements 11 of each connecting bracket 10 are each provided with an elongated hole 12 and a circular opening 13 and are on the side to each other so that an elongated hole 12 is opposite a circular opening 13.
  • By the circular openings 13 of the two connection carriers 10 are transverse to their Longitudinal direction, that is, parallel to the side members 4, articulated bolt 16 inserted and axially secured so that the two connecting elements 11 each Connection carrier 10 guided longitudinally freely against each other by means of the elongated holes 12 are longitudinally displaceable.
  • the connection carrier 10 further point to the outer ends of a through opening 15 through which the Is inserted through the side member tube; the fixation 8 takes place.
  • a hinge parallelogram (not shown) is at the bottom of the hinge pin 16 and above hinged to a support unit (also not shown).
  • the two parallel ones are each in a horizontal Flat side member 4 when placed on the container by the Dead weight of the carrying unit pushed apart synchronously.
  • Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show the cross member 3, each of two by means of Laser cutting method easily produced cross support plates 19 (see FIG. 2) are. As can be seen in FIGS. 4 and 5, each cross member plate 19 has two Hook elements 17, the hook tips 18 of which point in the same direction.
  • the one-piece design of the cross member plate 19 has the advantage that it is stable and is easy to manufacture.
  • each cross member plate 19 has a Elongated hole 20 and a circular opening 21 provided in the longitudinal direction are spaced.
  • the longitudinal displacement of the two cross member sheets 19 is thereby ensuring that in each cross member 19 each transverse to the longitudinal direction one of the bolts 5 of the side members 4 rotatably through the opening 21 (FIGS. 4 and 5, 4) and then passed through the elongated hole 20 is, or in reverse order.
  • This arrangement is like FIGS. 4 and 5 show on both sides, but the elongated hole 20 is once from and once rear arranged.
  • the two cross member sheets 19 are left with a small gap (approx. 0.1 mm) slidably connected to each other.
  • each gripping element 6 is made of two in the exemplary embodiment Hook elements 17 formed, the two hook elements 17 each Gripping elements 6 belong to different cross member sheets 19.
  • the two Hook elements 17 of each gripping element 6 face away from each other. They form in pushed together state (s. Fig. 4) - seen transversely to the longitudinal direction - itself tapering, insertable into the container opening 22, wherein the Hook tips 18 not over the outer contour of the other hook element 17 protrude, but cover the hook tip 18 each.
  • the gripping elements 6 of each pair are therefore in opposite directions to each other along the cross member 3 can be moved synchronously.
  • the hook elements 17 reach under after being completely immersed in the Container opening in the pushed apart state in the Container side wall formed web (not shown). Sliding apart takes place until the hook element shaft 23 strikes the container opening, at the same time the bolts 5 in the elongated holes at the corresponding end Plant come.
  • the lower end is one of the two hook elements each Gripping elements 6 provided with a nose 24, which the narrow gap between the covers two directly opposite hook elements 17, so that there is no penetration of thin container walls, ribs or webs between two hook elements 17 when placed incorrectly on the container can come.
  • the hook is simply bent through 90 ° in this area and then cut at an angle of 30 ° to the horizontal.
  • the gripper 1 has in particular due to the two Hook elements 17 per gripping element 6 have a high gripping security.
  • each crossmember plate 19 can also be used only with be provided with a single hook, in which case the two hook elements 17 of the Cross member 3 must be facing or facing away from each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Abstract

A frame which fits from above onto the containers has cross supports with downwardly extending gripper elements (6). Each cross support (3) is formed from two longitudinally displaceable sheet metal plates (19) each fitted with one gripper element so that the gripper elements of each pair can slide towards each other along the support. The length of the two cross supports is synchronously variable to move the gripper elements into their gripping position.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Greifer einer heb- und senkbaren Aufnahmevorrichtung für von oben zu greifende Behälter gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a gripper of a lifting and lowering receiving device for containers to be gripped from above according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der DE 42 29 215 A1 ist ein gattungsgemäßer Greifer bekannt, der für von oben zu greifende Lasten vorgesehen ist. Der Greifer besteht aus einem Rahmen, der aus Quer- und Längsträgern gebildet ist, und wird über eine Öse mit einem Hebezeug verbunden. An den Querträgern sind jeweils ein Paar Greifelemente angeordnet, deren Abstand in etwa der Länge des Querträgers entspricht. Damit ist der Abstand groß gegenüber den Greifelementabmessungen (Breite, Länge, Dicke). Jedes Greifelement besteht aus zwei Hakenelementen, die in einer gemeinsamen vertikalen Ebene liegen und deren Hakenspitzen einander abgewandt sind. Die den Hakenspitzen gegenüberliegenden Flächen der beiden Hakenelemente sind einander zugewandt und liegen in der Bereitschaftsstellung des Greifelements aneinander an. Die Greifelemente erstrecken sich vertikal nach unten und tauchen beim Aufsetzen des Rahmens auf den Behälter jeweils in eine Behälteröffnung ein, wobei die Behälteröffnungen in der Behälterseitenwand schlitzförmig ausgebildet sind. Der Greifer ist speziell für oben offene Normbehälter vorgesehen, die in den vertikalen Seitenwänden im oberen Randbereich sich in die Seitenwand hineinerstreckende Behälteröffnungen aufweisen. Mittels eines Gestänges sind die Hakenelemente jedes Greifelements in eine Greifstellung auseinanderschwenkbar (spreizbar), wo sie unter den Rand der schlitzförmigen Öffnung greifen. From DE 42 29 215 A1 a generic gripper is known, for from above loads to be gripped is provided. The gripper consists of a frame that is made of Cross and side members is formed, and is attached to an eyelet with a hoist connected. A pair of gripping elements are arranged on the cross beams, whose distance corresponds approximately to the length of the cross member. So that's the distance large compared to the gripping element dimensions (width, length, thickness). Each Gripping element consists of two hook elements in a common vertical Lay level and the hook tips are facing away from each other. The the Hook tips opposite surfaces of the two hook elements are each other facing and lie against each other in the ready position of the gripping element. The gripping elements extend vertically downwards and dive when they are put on of the frame onto the container in each case in a container opening, the Container openings in the container side wall are slit-shaped. The The gripper is specially designed for standard containers which are open at the top and which are located in the vertical Side walls in the upper edge area extending into the side wall Have container openings. Using a linkage, the hook elements are each Gripping elements in a gripping position can be swung apart (spreadable) where they are under grab the edge of the slit-shaped opening.

Nachteilig sind bei diesem Greifer der relativ hohe konstruktive Aufwand sowie die vielen zu montierenden Einzelteile. Die Schrift DE 42 29 346 beschreibt einen Vertikalgreifer für Systembehälter, bei dem
jedem von zwei Querträgem ein Paar Greifelemente zugeordnet ist. Die Greifelemente sind quer zur Hubrichtung verschiebbar.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen konstruktiv einfachen Greifer zu schaffen, der aus wenigen kostengünstig herstellbaren Einzelteilen besteht.
Disadvantages of this gripper are the relatively high design effort and the large number of individual parts to be assembled. The document DE 42 29 346 describes a vertical gripper for system containers in which
a pair of gripping elements is assigned to each of two cross members. The gripping elements can be moved transversely to the stroke direction.
The object of the invention is to provide a structurally simple gripper that consists of a few inexpensive to produce individual parts.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist durch die im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale gegeben. Durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale der Unteransprüche 2 bis 13 ist der Greifer in vorteilhafter Weise weiter ausgestaltet.This object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1 given. Due to the characterizing features of subclaims 2 to 13 Gripper further developed in an advantageous manner.

Die Lösung sieht vor, daß jeder Querträger mindestens ein paar Greifelemente aufweist und daß die Greifelemente jedes Paars gegenläufig zueinander längs des Querträgers linear verschiebbar sind. Es sind bei dieser Lösung also an jedem Querträger mindestens zwei in relativ großem Abstand zueinander angeordnete Greifelemente vorhanden. Die z.B. je an einem Tragelement befestigten Greifelemente werden dadurch in die Greifstellung bewegt, daß die Tragelemente jeweils linear verschoben werden, bis die Greifelemente die entsprechenden Hafteelemente am Behälter untergreifen. Zum Greifen werden die Greifelemente jedes Paares soweit verschoben, bis diese an den Kanten der Behälteröffnung zur Anlage kommen. Diese Ausführung ermöglicht es, den konstruktiven Aufwand und die Zahl der Einzelteile gering zu halten.
Erfindungsgemäß ist jeder Querträger aus zwei längsverschiebbaren
Querträgerblechen gebildet und ist an jedem Querträgerblech jeweils ein Greifelement des Paares angeordnet, so dass die Greifelemente jedes Paares gegenläufig zueinander längs des Querträgers verschiebbar sind. Der Vorteil dieser Lösung besteht darin, daß die Querträgerbleche in nahezu beliebiger Kontur leicht und kostengünstig herstellbar sind.
Die Konstruktion des Greifers läßt sich weiter vereinfachen, wenn die Länge der beiden Querträger zur Bewegung der Greifelemente in ihre Greif- und Bereitschaftsstellung synchron veränderbar ist. Die Greifelemente sind hierbei fest an den Querträgern befestigt.
The solution provides that each cross member has at least a pair of gripping elements and that the gripping elements of each pair are linearly displaceable in opposite directions along the cross member. In this solution, there are at least two gripping elements arranged at a relatively large distance from one another on each cross member. The gripping elements, for example, each fastened to a supporting element, are moved into the gripping position in that the supporting elements are each linearly displaced until the gripping elements engage under the corresponding adhesive elements on the container. For gripping, the gripping elements of each pair are moved until they come to rest on the edges of the container opening. This design makes it possible to keep the design effort and the number of individual parts low.
According to the invention, each cross member is made of two longitudinally displaceable
Formed cross member plates and a gripping element of the pair is arranged on each cross member plate, so that the gripping elements of each pair are mutually displaceable along the cross member. The advantage of this solution is that the cross member sheets can be produced easily and inexpensively in almost any shape.
The construction of the gripper can be further simplified if the length of the two cross members for moving the gripping elements in their gripping and ready position can be changed synchronously. The gripping elements are firmly attached to the cross beams.

Um die Längsverschiebbarkeit der Querträgerbleche sicherzustellen, wird vorgeschlagen, daß an jedem Querträgerblech quer zur Längsrichtung ein Bolzen und längsbeabstandet von diesem ein Langloch vorgesehen ist, wobei der Bolzen jeweils in das Langloch des anderen Quertägerblechs desselben Querträgers eingreift. Auf diese Weise wird eine einfach herstellbare und trotzdem gut funktionierende Längsführung erreicht.In order to ensure the longitudinal displaceability of the cross member sheets, proposed that a bolt and transversely to the longitudinal direction on each cross member longitudinally spaced from this an elongated hole is provided, the bolt in each case engages in the slot of the other cross member sheet of the same cross member. On in this way it is easy to manufacture and still works well Longitudinal guidance reached.

Die Sicherheit des Greifens läßt sich dadurch erhöhen, daß jedes Greifelement des Paares aus zwei Hakenelementen gebildet ist, wobei das eine Hakenelement an dem einen und das andere Hakenelement an dem anderen Querträgerblech angeordnet ist.The safety of gripping can be increased in that each gripping element of the Pair of two hook elements is formed, the one hook element on the one and the other hook element is arranged on the other cross member plate.

Zweckmäßigerweise sind die beiden Hakenelemente jedes Greifelements einander abgewandt, so daß diese die Behälteröffnung an gegenüberliegenden Seitenkanten untergreifen.The two hook elements of each gripping element are expediently each other turned away, so that this the container opening on opposite side edges reach under.

Das störungsfreie Verschieben der Greifelemente von der auseinandergeschobenen in die sich überdeckende Lage wird dadurch sichergestellt, daß die beiden auseinandergeschobenen Hakenelemente jedes Greifelements quer zur Längsrichtung gesehen einander überschneiden. Die Verschiebung der Hakenelemente ist also soweit begrenzt, daß beim Auseinanderschieben in Querrichtung kein Spalt zwischen den Hakenelementen gebildet wird, der ein Verschränken der Hakenelemente bewirken könnte.The trouble-free moving of the gripping elements from the pushed apart in the overlapping position is ensured by the fact that the two pushed apart hook elements of each gripping element transverse to Seen in the longitudinal direction overlap each other. The shift of the Hook elements is so limited that when pushed apart in No gap is formed between the hook elements in the transverse direction Entangling the hook elements could cause.

Zur Verringerung des Herstellungsaufwands werden jedes Querträgerblech zusammen mit den zugehörigen Hakenelementen aus einem Blech herausgeschnitten, insbesondere mittels des Laserschneidverfahrens. Sie sind also zweckmäßigerweise einstückig ausgebildet.To reduce the manufacturing effort, each cross member sheet together with the associated hook elements from a sheet cut out, especially by means of the laser cutting process. so you are expediently formed in one piece.

Eine feste Verbindung zwischen dem Hakenelement und dem Querträgerblech wird dadurch erzielt, daß jedes Querträgerblech und die zugehörigen Hakenelemente einstückig ausgebildet sind. A firm connection between the hook element and the cross member plate is achieved in that each cross member sheet and the associated hook elements are integrally formed.

Um ein Eindringen von dünnen Behälterwänden, Rippen oder Stegen zwischen zwei Hakenelementen beim falsch positionierten Aufsetzen auf dem Behälter zu vermeiden, wird vorgeschlagen, daß das untere Ende eines der beiden Hakenelemente des Greifelements so ausgebildet ist, daß es den Spalt zwischen den Hakenelementen abdeckt. Dies kann einfach durch Umbiegen des unteren Endes sowie mittels des Abschneidens dieses Endes unter einem Winkel erfolgen, so daß eine den Spalt abdeckende Kante entsteht.For the penetration of thin container walls, ribs or webs between two To avoid hook elements when incorrectly positioned on the container, it is proposed that the lower end of one of the two hook elements of the Gripping elements is designed so that there is a gap between the hook elements covers. This can be done simply by bending the lower end and using the Cutting off this end is done at an angle so that a gap covering edge arises.

Das Einfügen der Greifelemente erfolgt störungsfrei, wenn die beiden zusammengeschobenen Hakenelemente jedes Greifelements quer zur Längsrichtung gesehen einander derart überschneiden, daß sie ein sich nach unten verjüngendes, in die Behälteröffnung leicht einführbares Einführelement bilden. Die Greifelemente weisen hierbei eine hakenfreie Form auf.The insertion of the gripping elements is trouble-free when the two pushed together hook elements of each gripping element transversely to the longitudinal direction seen overlap each other in such a way that they taper downwards in form the container opening easily insertable insertion element. The gripping elements have a hook-free shape.

Zur Erzielung einer einfache Konstruktion wird vorgeschlagen, daß der Rahmen mit den Querträgern verbundene Längsträger aufweist, an deren Enden die Bolzen angeordnet sind.To achieve a simple construction, it is proposed that the frame with the cross members connected longitudinal beams, at the ends of the bolts are arranged.

Die Bolzen können hierbei auch an den Enden der Längsträger angeformt sein, was eine einfache Konstruktion ergibt.The bolts can also be formed on the ends of the side members, what results in a simple construction.

Zur Anpassung an unterschiedliche Behälterbreiten wird vorgeschlagen, daß die parallelen Längsträger teleskopisch verschiebbar sind.To adapt to different container widths, it is proposed that the parallel longitudinal beams are telescopically displaceable.

Um das Verschieben der Hakenelemente sicherzustellen, sind außen an den Bolzen drehgelagerte Auflagerollen zur Auflage auf dem Behälterrand aufgesteckt, was den Reibungswiderstand verringert.To ensure that the hook elements can be moved, the bolts are on the outside rotatably mounted support rollers to rest on the edge of the container, which the Frictional resistance reduced.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird nachfolgend näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Greifers,
Fig. 2
zwei Ansichten des Greifers gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
eine Schnittansicht gemäß der Schnittlinie in Fig. 2 mit Blick auf den Verbindungsträger,
Fig. 4
eine Seitenansicht des Greifers gemäß Fig. 1 mit zusammengeschobenen Hakenelementen und
Fig. 5
eine Seitenansicht des Greifers gemäß Fig. 1 mit auseinandergeschobenen Hakenelementen.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. Show it:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of a gripper,
Fig. 2
two views of the gripper according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
2 shows a sectional view along the section line in FIG. 2 with a view of the connecting carrier
Fig. 4
a side view of the gripper of FIG. 1 with the hook elements pushed together and
Fig. 5
a side view of the gripper of FIG. 1 with hook elements pushed apart.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Greifers 1 einer heb- und senkbaren Aufnahmevorrichtung für Behälter. Der Greifer 1 besteht aus einem von oben auf den Behälter aufsetzbaren Rahmen 2, der aus zwei Querträgern 3 und zwei Längsträgern 4 gebildet ist. An jedem Querträger 3 sind zwei Greifelemente 6 angeordnet, die sich nach unten erstrecken und beim Aufsetzen jeweils in eine Behälteröffnung eintauchen bzw. eingreifen. Der Abstand der Greifelemente 6 jeden Paares ist größer als die größte Abmessung der Greifelemente 6, d.h. größer als deren Länge, Breite und Höhe. So entspricht im Ausführungsbeispiel der Abstand der Greifelemente 6 etwa der 6-fachen der nach unten erstreckenden Greifelementlänge.Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a gripper 1 of a liftable and lowerable Receiving device for containers. The gripper 1 consists of a from above on the Container attachable frame 2, which consists of two cross members 3 and two side members 4 is formed. On each cross member 3, two gripping elements 6 are arranged, which are extend downwards and immerse into a container opening each time you put it on or intervene. The distance between the gripping elements 6 of each pair is greater than that largest dimension of the gripping elements 6, i.e. greater than their length, width and Height. In the exemplary embodiment, the distance between the gripping elements 6 corresponds approximately to that 6 times the downward gripping element length.

Die beiden parallelen Längsträger 4 bestehen aus rohrförmigen Elementen 7, welche teleskopartig ineinander verschiebbar sind. Auf diese Weise sind die Längsträger 4 auseinander- und zusammenschiebbar, so daß die Größe des Rahmens 2 an unterschiedliche Behältergrößen anpaßbar ist. Zur Fixierung dienen die Feststeller 8, die in Durchgangsbohrungen 9 der Längsträger 4 eingreifen.The two parallel longitudinal beams 4 consist of tubular elements 7, which are telescopically slidable. In this way, the side members 4 separable and collapsible, so that the size of the frame 2 different container sizes can be adapted. The fixation 8, which engage in through bores 9 of the side members 4.

Wie Fig. 1 ebenfalls zeigt, sind die Enden der Längsträger 4 bolzenartig ausgebildet. Diese Bolzen 5 sind durch die Querträger 3 hindurchgesteckt und verbinden die Querträger 3 mit den Längsträgern 4. An den Enden tragen die Bolzen 5 frei drehbare Auflagerollen 14 zur Auflage auf dem Behälterrand. As also shown in FIG. 1, the ends of the longitudinal beams 4 are designed like bolts. These bolts 5 are inserted through the cross member 3 and connect the Cross member 3 with the side members 4. At the ends, the bolts 5 are freely rotatable Support rollers 14 for resting on the edge of the container.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Vorderansicht und eine Draufsicht des Greifers 1 gemäß Fig. 1. So ist Fig. 2 entnehmbar, daß je zwei parallele quer zu den Längsträgern 4 angeordnete je einen Verbindungsträger 10 bildende Verbindungselemente 11 die beiden Längsträger 4 miteinander verbinden. Wie die Draufsicht erkennen läßt, bestehen die Verbindungselemente 11 jeweils aus drei parallelen fest miteinander verbundenen Verbindungsblechen, die konstruktiv einfach z.B. mittels des Laserschneidverfahrens herstellbar sind.FIG. 2 shows a front view and a top view of the gripper 1 according to FIG. 1 Fig. 2 can be seen that two parallel each arranged transversely to the side members 4 a connecting member 10 forming connecting elements 11, the two side members 4 connect with each other. As the top view shows, they exist Connecting elements 11 each made of three parallel firmly connected Connection plates that are structurally simple e.g. by means of the laser cutting process are producible.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine Schnittansicht mit Blick auf den Verbindungsträger 10 gemäß der Schnittlinie in Fig. 2. Die Verbindungselemente 11 jedes Verbindungsträgers 10 sind jeweils mit einem Langloch 12 und einer Kreisöffnung 13 versehen und liegen seitlich so aneinander an, daß je ein Langloch 12 einer Kreisöffnung 13 gegenüberliegt. Durch die Kreisöffnungen 13 der beiden Verbindungsträger 10 sind quer zu ihrer Längsrichtung, also parallel zu den Längsträgern 4, Gelenkbolzen 16 hindurchgesteckt und axial gesichert, so daß die beiden Verbindungselemente 11 jedes Verbindungsträgers 10 mittels der Langlöcher 12 längsgeführt frei gegeneinander längsverschiebbar sind. Die Verbindungsträger 10 weisen weiter an den außenliegenden Enden eine Durchgangsöffnung 15 auf, durch welche das Längsträgerrohr hindurchgesteckt ist; mittels der Feststeller 8 erfolgt die Fixierung.Fig. 3 shows a sectional view with a view of the connection carrier 10 according to the Section line in Fig. 2. The connecting elements 11 of each connecting bracket 10 are each provided with an elongated hole 12 and a circular opening 13 and are on the side to each other so that an elongated hole 12 is opposite a circular opening 13. By the circular openings 13 of the two connection carriers 10 are transverse to their Longitudinal direction, that is, parallel to the side members 4, articulated bolt 16 inserted and axially secured so that the two connecting elements 11 each Connection carrier 10 guided longitudinally freely against each other by means of the elongated holes 12 are longitudinally displaceable. The connection carrier 10 further point to the outer ends of a through opening 15 through which the Is inserted through the side member tube; the fixation 8 takes place.

Ein Gelenkparallelogramm (nicht gezeigt) ist unten an den Gelenkbolzen 16 und oben an einer Trageinheit (ebenfalls nicht gezeigt) angelenkt. Mittels des Gelenkparallelogramms werden die beiden parallelen jeweils in einer horizontalen Ebene liegenden Längsträger 4 beim Aufsetzen auf den Behälter durch das Eigengewicht der Trageinheit synchron auseinandergeschoben.A hinge parallelogram (not shown) is at the bottom of the hinge pin 16 and above hinged to a support unit (also not shown). By means of the Joint parallelogram, the two parallel ones are each in a horizontal Flat side member 4 when placed on the container by the Dead weight of the carrying unit pushed apart synchronously.

Fig. 4 und Fig. 5 zeigen die Querträger 3, welche aus je zwei mittels des Laserschneidverfahrens einfach herstellbaren Querträgerblechen 19 (s. Fig. 2) gebildet sind. Wie Fig. 4 und Fig. 5 erkennen lassen, weist jedes Querträgerblech 19 zwei Hakenelemente 17 auf, deren Hakenspitzen 18 in dieselbe Richtung weisen. Die einstückige Ausführung des Querträgerblechs 19 hat den Vorteil, daß es stabil und leicht herstellbar ist. Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show the cross member 3, each of two by means of Laser cutting method easily produced cross support plates 19 (see FIG. 2) are. As can be seen in FIGS. 4 and 5, each cross member plate 19 has two Hook elements 17, the hook tips 18 of which point in the same direction. The one-piece design of the cross member plate 19 has the advantage that it is stable and is easy to manufacture.

Analog zu den Verbindungselementen 11 ist jedes Querträgerblech 19 mit einem Langloch 20 und einer kreisförmigen Öffnung 21 versehen, die in Längsrichtung beabstandet sind. Die Längsverschiebung der beiden Querträgerbleche 19 wird dadurch sichergestellt, daß in jedem Querträgerblech 19 quer zur Längsrichtung je einer der Bolzen 5 der Längsträger 4 drehfest durch die Öffnung 21 (Fig. 4 und Fig. 5, hinter den Auflagerollen 14 in Fig. 4 liegend) und dann durch das Langloch 20 geführt ist, oder in umgekehrter Reihenfolge. Diese Anordnung ist wie die Fig. 4 und Fig. 5 zeigen auf beiden Seiten vorhanden, allerdings ist das Langloch 20 einmal vom und einmal hinten angeordnet.Analogously to the connecting elements 11, each cross member plate 19 has a Elongated hole 20 and a circular opening 21 provided in the longitudinal direction are spaced. The longitudinal displacement of the two cross member sheets 19 is thereby ensuring that in each cross member 19 each transverse to the longitudinal direction one of the bolts 5 of the side members 4 rotatably through the opening 21 (FIGS. 4 and 5, 4) and then passed through the elongated hole 20 is, or in reverse order. This arrangement is like FIGS. 4 and 5 show on both sides, but the elongated hole 20 is once from and once rear arranged.

Die beiden Querträgerbleche 19 sind unter Belassung eines geringen Spalts (ca. 0,1 mm) längsverschiebbar miteinander verbunden.The two cross member sheets 19 are left with a small gap (approx. 0.1 mm) slidably connected to each other.

Wie Fig. 4 und Fig. 5 zeigen, ist im Ausführungsbeispiel jedes Greifelement 6 aus zwei Hakenelementen 17 gebildet, wobei die beiden Hakenelemente 17 jedes Greifelements 6 zu verschiedenen Querträgerblechen 19 gehören. Die beiden Hakenelemente 17 jedes Greifelements 6 sind einander abgewandt. Sie bilden im zusammengeschoben Zustand (s. Fig. 4) ein - quer zur Längsrichtung gesehen - sich verjüngendes, in die Behälteröffnung einführbares Einführelement 22, wobei die Hakenspitzen 18 nicht über die Außenkontur des jeweils anderen Hakenelements 17 hinausragen, sondern dessen Hakenspitze 18 jeweils abdecken.As FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 show, each gripping element 6 is made of two in the exemplary embodiment Hook elements 17 formed, the two hook elements 17 each Gripping elements 6 belong to different cross member sheets 19. The two Hook elements 17 of each gripping element 6 face away from each other. They form in pushed together state (s. Fig. 4) - seen transversely to the longitudinal direction - itself tapering, insertable into the container opening 22, wherein the Hook tips 18 not over the outer contour of the other hook element 17 protrude, but cover the hook tip 18 each.

Im auseinandergeschobenen Zustand überschneiden sich die der Hakenspitze 18 jeweils gegenüberliegenden Bereiche der Hakenelemente 17 (quer zur Längsrichtung gesehen). Das heißt, zwischen den beiden Hakenelementen 17 bildet sich bezogen auf die Figur 3 beim Auseinanderschieben kein Spalt aus.When pushed apart, that of the hook tip 18 overlap opposite areas of the hook elements 17 (transverse to the longitudinal direction seen). That is, between the two hook elements 17 forms no gap from FIG. 3 when pushed apart.

Beim Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Greifelemente 6 jedes Paares also gegenläufig zueinander längs des Querträgers 3 synchron verschiebbar.In the exemplary embodiment, the gripping elements 6 of each pair are therefore in opposite directions to each other along the cross member 3 can be moved synchronously.

Die Hakenelemente 17 untergreifen nach dem vollständigen Eintauchen in die Behälteröffnung im auseinandergeschobenen Zustand einen in der Behälterseitenwand ausgebildeten Steg (nicht gezeigt). Das Auseinanderschieben erfolgt bis zum Anschlagen des Hakenelementschafts 23 an der Behälteröffnung, wobei gleichzeitig die Bolzen 5 in den Langlöchern an dem entsprechenden Ende zur Anlage kommen.The hook elements 17 reach under after being completely immersed in the Container opening in the pushed apart state in the Container side wall formed web (not shown). Sliding apart takes place until the hook element shaft 23 strikes the container opening, at the same time the bolts 5 in the elongated holes at the corresponding end Plant come.

Wie Fig. 1 zeigt, ist das untere Ende eines der beiden Hakenelemente jedes Greifelements 6 mit einer Nase 24 versehen, die den schmalen Spalt zwischen den beiden einander unmittelbar gegenüberliegenden Hakenelementen 17 abdeckt, so daß es zu keinem Eindringen von dünnen Behälterwänden, Rippen oder Stegen zwischen zwei Hakenelementen 17 beim falsch positionierten Aufsetzen auf dem Behälter kommen kann. Hierzu wird der Haken in diesem Bereich einfach um 90° umgebogen und dann unter einem Winkel von 30° gegenüber der Horizontalen abgeschnitten.As shown in Fig. 1, the lower end is one of the two hook elements each Gripping elements 6 provided with a nose 24, which the narrow gap between the covers two directly opposite hook elements 17, so that there is no penetration of thin container walls, ribs or webs between two hook elements 17 when placed incorrectly on the container can come. For this purpose, the hook is simply bent through 90 ° in this area and then cut at an angle of 30 ° to the horizontal.

Der Greifer 1 gemäß Ausführungsbeispiel weist insbesondere aufgrund der beiden Hakenelemente 17 pro Greifelement 6 eine hohe Greifsicherheit auf. Selbstverständlich kann als Vereinfachung jedes Querträgerblech 19 auch mit nur einem einzigen Haken versehen sein, wobei dann die beiden Hakenelemente 17 des Querträgers 3 einander zu- oder abgewandt sein müssen. The gripper 1 according to the embodiment has in particular due to the two Hook elements 17 per gripping element 6 have a high gripping security. Of course, as a simplification, each crossmember plate 19 can also be used only with be provided with a single hook, in which case the two hook elements 17 of the Cross member 3 must be facing or facing away from each other.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

11
GreiferGripper
22nd
Rahmenframe
33rd
QuerträgerCross member
44th
LängsträgerSide member
55
Bolzenbolt
66
GreifelementGripping element
77
Elementelement
88th
FeststellerLock
99
DurchgangsbohrungThrough hole
1010th
VerbindungsträgerConnecting bracket
1111
VerbindungselementFastener
1212th
LanglochLong hole
1313
KreisöffnungCircular opening
1414
AuflagerolleSupport roller
1515
DurchgangsöffnungThrough opening
1616
GelenkbolzenHinge pin
1717th
HakenelementHook element
1818th
HakenspitzeHook tip
1919th
QuerträgerblechCross member sheet
2020th
LanglochLong hole
2121
kreisförmige Öffnungcircular opening
2222
EinführelementInsertion element
2323
HakenelementschaftHook element shaft
2424th
Nasenose

Claims (13)

Greifer einer heb- und senkbaren Aufnahmevorrichtung für Behälter, mit einem von oben auf den Behälter aufsetzbaren Rahmen, mit an Querträgern des Rahmens angeordneten, sich nach unten erstreckenden und beim Aufsetzen in eine Behälteröffnung eintauchenden Greifelementen, die jeweils aus einer Bereitschaftsstellung in eine Greifstellung bewegbar sind und deren Abstand voneinander größer als die Greifelementabmessungen sind, wobei jeder Querträger (3) mindestens ein Paar Greifelemente (6) aufweist
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß jeder Querträger (3) aus zwei längsverschiebbaren Querträgerblechen (19) gebildet ist und daß an jedem Querträgerblech (19) jeweils ein Greifelement (6) des Paars angeordnet ist, so dass die Greifelemente (6) jedes Paars gegenläufig zueinander längs des Querträgers (3) verschiebbar sind.
Gripper of a lifting and lowering receiving device for containers, with a frame that can be placed on the container from above, with gripping elements that are arranged on cross members of the frame, extend downward and plunge into a container opening when they are placed, each of which can be moved from a ready position to a gripping position and their distance from one another is greater than the gripping element dimensions, each cross member (3) having at least one pair of gripping elements (6)
characterized,
that each cross member (3) is formed from two longitudinally displaceable cross member plates (19) and that a gripping element (6) of the pair is arranged on each cross member plate (19), so that the gripping elements (6) of each pair run in opposite directions along the cross member (3 ) are movable.
Greifer nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Länge der beiden Querträger (3) zur Bewegung der Greifelemente (6) in ihre Greif- bzw. Bereitschaftsstellung synchron veränderbar ist.
Gripper according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the length of the two cross members (3) for moving the gripping elements (6) in their gripping or standby position can be changed synchronously.
Greifer nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß an jedem Querträgerblech (19) quer zur Längsrichtung ein Bolzen (5) in einer Kreisöffnung 13 und längsbeabstandet von diesem ein Langloch (20) vorgesehen ist, wobei der Bolzen (5) jeweils in das Langloch (20) des anderen Querträgerblechs (19) desselben Querträgers (3) eingreift.
Gripper according to claim 1,
characterized,
that a bolt (5) is provided on each cross member plate (19) transversely to the longitudinal direction in a circular opening 13 and spaced longitudinally therefrom, an elongated hole (20), the bolt (5) in each case in the elongated hole (20) of the other cross member plate (19) engages the same cross member (3).
Greifer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß jedes Greifelement (6) des Paars aus zwei Hakenelementen (17) gebildet ist, wobei das eine Hakenelement (17) an dem einen und das andere Hakenelement (17) an dem anderen Querträgerblech (19) angeordnet ist.
Gripper according to one of claims 1 or 3,
characterized,
that each gripping element (6) of the pair is formed from two hook elements (17), one hook element (17) being arranged on one and the other hook element (17) on the other cross member plate (19).
Greifer nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die beiden Hakenelemente (17) jedes Greifelements (6) einander abgewandt sind.
Gripper according to claim 4,
characterized,
that the two hook elements (17) of each gripping element (6) face away from each other.
Greifer nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die beiden auseinandergeschobenen Hakenelemente (17) jedes Greifelements (6) quer zur Längsrichtung gesehen einander überschneiden.
Gripper according to one of claims 4 or 5,
characterized,
that the two pushed apart hook elements (17) of each gripping element (6) overlap each other seen transversely to the longitudinal direction.
Greifer nach einem der Ansprüche 4 - 6
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß jedes Querträgerblech (19) und die zugehörigen Hakenelemente (17) einstückig ausgebildet sind.
Gripper according to one of claims 4-6
characterized,
that each cross member plate (19) and the associated hook elements (17) are integrally formed.
Greifer nach einem der Ansprüche 4 - 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß jedes Querträgerblech (19) und die zugehörigen Hakenelemente (17) aus einem Blech herausgeschnitten sind, insbesondere mittels des Laserschneidverfahrens.
Gripper according to one of claims 4-7,
characterized,
that each cross member sheet (19) and the associated hook elements (17) are cut out of a sheet, in particular by means of the laser cutting process.
Greifer nach einem der Ansprüche 4 - 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das untere Ende eines der beiden Hakenelemente (17) des Greifelements (6) so ausgebildet ist, daß deren Spalt abgedeckt ist.
Gripper according to one of claims 4-8,
characterized,
that the lower end of one of the two hook elements (17) of the gripping element (6) is designed such that its gap is covered.
Greifer nach einem der Ansprüche 4 - 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die beiden zusammengeschobenen Hakenelemente (17) jedes Greifelements (6) quer zur Längsrichtung gesehen einander derart abdecken, daß sie ein sich nach unten verjüngendes, in die Behälteröffnung einführbares Einführelement (22) bilden.
Gripper according to one of claims 4 - 9,
characterized,
that the two pushed-together hook elements (17) of each gripping element (6), viewed transversely to the longitudinal direction, cover one another in such a way that they form an insertion element (22) which tapers downward and can be inserted into the container opening.
Greifer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Rahmen (2) mit den Querträgern (3) verbundene Längsträger (4) aufweist, an deren Enden die Bolzen (5) angeordnet sind.
Gripper according to one of claims 1-10,
characterized,
that the frame (2) with the cross members (3) connected longitudinal members (4), at the ends of the bolts (5) are arranged.
Greifer nach Anspruch 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die parallelen Längsträger (4) teleskopisch verschiebbar sind.
Gripper according to claim 11,
characterized,
that the parallel side members (4) are telescopically displaceable.
Greifer nach einem der Ansprüche 11 oder 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß außen an den Bolzen (5) drehgelagerte Auflagerollen (14) zur Auflage auf dem Behälterrand aufgesteckt sind.
Gripper according to one of claims 11 or 12,
characterized,
that outside of the bolts (5) rotatably mounted support rollers (14) are placed for support on the edge of the container.
EP00250288A 1999-09-20 2000-08-30 Gripper for a lifting device to pick-up the containers from above Expired - Lifetime EP1084979B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19946122A DE19946122C2 (en) 1999-09-20 1999-09-20 Gripper of a lifting and lowering holding device for containers to be gripped from above
DE19946122 1999-09-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1084979A1 true EP1084979A1 (en) 2001-03-21
EP1084979B1 EP1084979B1 (en) 2004-02-18

Family

ID=7923364

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00250288A Expired - Lifetime EP1084979B1 (en) 1999-09-20 2000-08-30 Gripper for a lifting device to pick-up the containers from above

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Country Link
US (1) US6471274B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1084979B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2001129781A (en)
DE (2) DE19946122C2 (en)

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US7618479B2 (en) 2004-04-14 2009-11-17 Mann & Hummel Gmbh Adsorber for adsorbing hydrocarbon vapors from return flows through an intake tract of an internal combustion engine
WO2010112231A1 (en) 2009-04-03 2010-10-07 Sms Siemag Ag Cross beam
CN115490133A (en) * 2022-11-14 2022-12-20 四川航天系统工程研究所 Many specifications load barycenter adjusting device

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JP4533094B2 (en) * 2004-11-10 2010-08-25 サントリーホールディングス株式会社 Hanging conveyor for barrel containers
CN100418709C (en) * 2005-12-27 2008-09-17 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 Movable lifting point structure for strong-operation underwater robot
GB2510878A (en) * 2013-02-18 2014-08-20 Terra Roadways Ltd Fa A crane grab head
WO2019176814A1 (en) * 2018-03-12 2019-09-19 日立化成株式会社 Holding device and cast member manufacturing device
KR102395115B1 (en) * 2019-04-12 2022-05-09 김희영 Auxiliary apparatus for carrying catridge
CN112853999B (en) * 2021-02-05 2022-09-30 泰州职业技术学院 Bridge construction is with hoist for anticollision barrier

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FR1487616A (en) * 1965-07-23 1967-07-07 Device for gripping and moving containers
DE4229346A1 (en) * 1991-09-04 1993-03-11 Heinz Schmidt Gripper for lifting transport container - has sliding lower frame to guide gripper hooks into their sockets
DE4304723A1 (en) * 1992-02-17 1993-08-19 Heinz Schmidt Lifting grab for containers of different sizes - has centring members adjustable horizontally to suit container width and sliding claw mechanism
DE29516996U1 (en) * 1995-09-28 1996-04-11 Ainedter, Dieter, Dipl.-Ing., Salzburg Portal crane system for lifting and transporting concrete slabs provided with lattice girders or protruding grab bars and engagement element for gripping the lattice girders or grab bars

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US7618479B2 (en) 2004-04-14 2009-11-17 Mann & Hummel Gmbh Adsorber for adsorbing hydrocarbon vapors from return flows through an intake tract of an internal combustion engine
WO2010112231A1 (en) 2009-04-03 2010-10-07 Sms Siemag Ag Cross beam
CN115490133A (en) * 2022-11-14 2022-12-20 四川航天系统工程研究所 Many specifications load barycenter adjusting device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2001129781A (en) 2001-05-15
US6471274B1 (en) 2002-10-29
DE50005311D1 (en) 2004-03-25
EP1084979B1 (en) 2004-02-18
DE19946122C2 (en) 2001-08-02
DE19946122A1 (en) 2001-04-26

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