EP1084368A1 - Injecteur de combustible - Google Patents

Injecteur de combustible

Info

Publication number
EP1084368A1
EP1084368A1 EP99936291A EP99936291A EP1084368A1 EP 1084368 A1 EP1084368 A1 EP 1084368A1 EP 99936291 A EP99936291 A EP 99936291A EP 99936291 A EP99936291 A EP 99936291A EP 1084368 A1 EP1084368 A1 EP 1084368A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mouth
fuel nozzle
nozzle
fuel
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99936291A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1084368B1 (fr
EP1084368B2 (fr
Inventor
Carsten Tiemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=7869930&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1084368(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1084368A1 publication Critical patent/EP1084368A1/fr
Publication of EP1084368B1 publication Critical patent/EP1084368B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1084368B2 publication Critical patent/EP1084368B2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/48—Nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/38—Nozzles; Cleaning devices therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2206/00—Burners for specific applications
    • F23D2206/10—Turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2210/00—Noise abatement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/00014—Reducing thermo-acoustic vibrations by passive means, e.g. by Helmholtz resonators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel nozzle with an orifice area in which an orifice channel extends along a nozzle axis.
  • the fuel nozzle is particularly suitable for liquid fuel.
  • DE 32 35 080 AI describes a return injection nozzle in which two opposite liquid feeds open tangentially into a circular cylindrical swirl space.
  • An injection channel is connected to the swirl chamber on the one hand and a return bore is connected on the other hand.
  • the return injection nozzle is particularly suitable for the atomization of liquid fuel in gas turbine combustion chambers. Atomization is achieved in that fuel flows tangentially into the swirl chamber and is combined to form a main stream, a swirl being given to the main stream by a circular guide in the swirl chamber, which swirl is retained in the injection channel. As a result, the fuel jet fans out in a conical shape when the fuel exits the injection channel. On the other hand, fuel is returned via the return hole. While maintaining a constant fuel flow to the return injector, the amount of fuel injected is controlled by adjusting the amount of fuel returned.
  • DE-OS 20 33 118 shows a gas burner for a gas-fired melting furnace.
  • the gas burner In order to create a high flame temperature, the gas burner has a nozzle converging in the area of the mouth in the form of a gap. This ensures a high heat concentration.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a fuel nozzle through which a combustion oscillation is at least reduced.
  • this object is achieved by a fuel nozzle with a mouth area in which a mouth channel extends along a nozzle axis, which mouth channel does not end convergingly at a mouth edge, the mouth edge not being rotationally symmetrical about the nozzle axis.
  • the mouth channel is non-converging in the mouth area, that is, it does not narrow, so that there is no pressure loss.
  • the jet expands, ie a divergent, fanned out fuel jet is obtained.
  • the divergent fuel jet is also not rotationally symmetrical.
  • a distorted fuel cone is thus obtained, which is at least in two spatial directions has a different extent perpendicular to the beam direction.
  • the spatial area in which the combustion takes place is distorted accordingly. This distortion of the combustion area influences the occurrence of a combustion oscillation.
  • the area of combustion is shifted and pulled apart so that the acoustic system of burner and burner environment is detuned.
  • the fuel nozzle and thus the emerging fuel cone are oriented in such a way that there is a reduction in the combustion oscillations up to hm to a complete suppression of the combustion oscillations.
  • the rim of the mouth is preferably asymmetrical about the nozzle axis. This means that the edge of the mouth has to undergo a complete turn around the nozzle axis in order to come back into alignment with its original position.
  • the rim of the mouth preferably has a double symmetry.
  • the mouth edge is further preferably an ellipse or a rectangle, in particular with rounded corners.
  • the two-fold symmetry means that the mouth edge is half a turn, i.e. 180 °, must experience in order to come with its original position in the cover.
  • the edge of the mouth preferably corresponds to a contour which is formed by a rectangle and a circle, the center of the circle being on the center of gravity of the rectangle and projecting beyond the narrow side of the rectangle, and the contour being the outer edge of the rectangle and the circle. encloses it.
  • the mouth edge preferably corresponds to a contour which is formed by two rectangles which are perpendicular to one another and have a common center of gravity, the contour enclosing the outer edge of both rectangles.
  • the mouth channel preferably has a channel wall, each point of the channel wall having an axial distance from the nozzle axis and an axial position along the nozzle axis, and the axial distance being different for at least two points on the channel wall which have the same axial position.
  • the axis spacing for points on the channel wall of the same axial position preferably changes continuously along a circumferential direction around the nozzle axis.
  • the outlet channel is therefore not rotationally symmetrical about the nozzle axis.
  • the mouth canal preferably widens towards the edge of the mouth.
  • the rim of the mouth preferably has a notch.
  • Such an indentation deflects fuel more strongly in the direction of the indentation when it emerges from the fuel nozzle than in the other directions of the mouth rim.
  • Such a notch in turn ensures that fuel is not deflected to the same extent in all spatial directions.
  • a distorted fuel cone is also formed.
  • the fuel nozzle is preferably used in a burner for a gas turbine, in particular for a stationary gas turbine.
  • FIG. 1 shows the side view of a fuel nozzle
  • FIG. 2 shows the top view of the fuel nozzle of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a further fuel nozzle
  • FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section through the mouth area of a fuel nozzle
  • FIG. 5 shows a top view of a further fuel nozzle
  • Figure 6 is a side view of the fuel nozzle of Figure 5 and
  • FIG. 7 shows a burner arrangement in an annular combustion chamber.
  • FIG. 1 shows the side view of a fuel nozzle 1.
  • a cylindrical nozzle body 3 tapers in a frustoconical section to a likewise cylindrical mouth area 5 with an end face 5A.
  • a mouth channel 7 Directed along a nozzle axis 2 in the fuel nozzle 1 is a mouth channel 7, which ends at the end of the mouth region 5 with a mouth edge 9.
  • a right-angled cut is made through the mouth area 5 so that a bevel 10 of the channel wall 8 of the mouth channel 7 is visible. Due to this bevel 10, the mouth rim 9 is not rotationally symmetrical about the nozzle axis 2. This is clear in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of the fuel nozzle 1 from FIG.
  • the mouth edge 9 thus corresponds to a contour defined by the outer edge of a rectangle 11 and one Circle 13 is formed, the circle 13 with its center 15 is on the center of gravity 17 of the rectangle 11 and protrudes beyond the narrow side of the rectangle 11.
  • a non-rotationally symmetrical, distorted fuel cone 33 is formed when fuel emerges from the fuel nozzle 1 (see also FIG. 4).
  • This distorted fuel cone 33 means that the combustion area is also distorted.
  • an acoustic interaction between the fuel nozzle 1 and its surroundings can be detuned in such a way that at most slight combustion vibrations are formed. Such suppression of combustion vibrations is possible particularly effectively if a plurality of fuel nozzles 1 are arranged in a combustion chamber.
  • Such fuel nozzles 1 are preferably used in burners for gas turbines. The large-volume, high-energy burns in gas turbines can cause combustion vibrations, which not only cause considerable noise pollution, but also material damage.
  • the fuel nozzle 1 also has a favorable influence on a nitrogen oxide reduction. Due to the distorted fuel cone, a better fine distribution of fuel can be achieved. In particular, there is a small droplet size for the fuel. The better distribution and the small droplet size of the fuel result in a comparison of the flame temperatures of the combustion. As a result, the maximum temperatures are not so high, which largely determine nitrogen oxide production. Furthermore, there is better mixing with water sprayed at the same time, if necessary. Water is injected to lower flame temperatures in the combustion, which reduces nitrogen oxide formation. With a non-rotationally symmetrical fuel cone 33 (see FIG. 4), there is a better penetration of fuel and water.
  • FIG. 3 shows a top view of a fuel nozzle 1. The difference from the fuel nozzle 1 from FIGS. 1 and 2 is that the mouth rim 9 represents a contour which is formed by a rectangle 21 and a rectangle 23 perpendicular to it. The two rectangles 21, 23 have a common center of gravity 25, 27.
  • FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section through the mouth area 5 of a fuel nozzle 1.
  • the fuel channel 7 widens towards the mouth rim 9.
  • Two opposite points P1, P2 on the channel wall 8 have an axial position B along the nozzle axis 2 compared to an arbitrarily selected zero position.
  • the point P1 is at a distance AI from the nozzle axis 2.
  • the point P2 is at a distance A2 from the nozzle axis 2.
  • the distance AI is greater than the distance A2.
  • the respective distance A to the nozzle axis 2 changes continuously along a circumferential direction U around the nozzle axis 2, that is to say for points P on the channel wall 8, which all have the same axial position B along the nozzle axis 2.
  • a non-rotationally symmetrical shape is impressed on a fuel flow in the mouth channel 7. This manifests itself when the fuel emerges from the orifice channel 7 in a non-rotationally symmetrical, distorted fuel cone 33. This has the advantages explained above with regard to the suppression of combustion vibrations and the reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions.
  • FIG. 5 shows a top view of a fuel nozzle 1.
  • FIG. 6 shows the fuel nozzle 1 of FIG. 5 in a side view.
  • a semicylindrical notch 31 is cut or said, which cuts the mouth of the mouth channel 7.
  • the rim of the mouth 9 also has a notch 31.
  • Fuel is sprayed particularly far to the side at this notch 31. This results in a non-rotationally symmetrical fuel cone 33 for that from the fuel nozzle 1 leaking fuel. This in turn results in the advantages already mentioned for reducing combustion vibrations and nitrogen oxide emissions.
  • FIG. 7 shows a burner arrangement 40 comprising a plurality of burners 42 in an annular combustion chamber 44 of a gas turbine, which is not shown in detail.
  • the annular combustion chamber 44 is rotationally symmetrical about a combustion chamber axis 46. It has an inner wall 48 and an outer wall 50 which enclose an annular space 51. The inside of the outer wall 50 and the outside of the inner wall 48 are provided with a fire-resistant outer lining 52.
  • the mouth edges 9 of the burner 42 are not rotationally symmetrical and irregularly oriented to one another. This results in a reduced tendency to form a combustion oscillation, since the combustion oscillations emanating from the individual burners 42 overlap irregularly and largely extinguish them in the process.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un injecteur de combustible (1) comportant une zone d'ouverture (5) dans laquelle s'étend, le long d'un axe d'injecteur (2), un canal d'ouverture (7) qui se termine au niveau d'un bord d'ouverture (9). Cet injecteur est caractérisé en ce que le bord d'ouverture (9) ne présente pas de symétrie de révolution autour de l'axe d'injecteur (2).
EP99936291A 1998-06-04 1999-05-20 Injecteur de combustible Expired - Lifetime EP1084368B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19825028 1998-06-04
DE19825028 1998-06-04
PCT/DE1999/001514 WO1999063268A1 (fr) 1998-06-04 1999-05-20 Injecteur de combustible

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1084368A1 true EP1084368A1 (fr) 2001-03-21
EP1084368B1 EP1084368B1 (fr) 2002-08-14
EP1084368B2 EP1084368B2 (fr) 2005-11-02

Family

ID=7869930

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99936291A Expired - Lifetime EP1084368B2 (fr) 1998-06-04 1999-05-20 Injecteur de combustible

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6676048B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1084368B2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002517700A (fr)
DE (1) DE59902355D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999063268A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003006198A1 (fr) * 2001-07-09 2003-01-23 Jonathan Mohler Buse de decoupe pour chalumeau coupeur au thermite
GB0219461D0 (en) * 2002-08-21 2002-09-25 Rolls Royce Plc Fuel injection arrangement
WO2005095863A1 (fr) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-13 Alstom Technology Ltd Brûleur
US7572997B2 (en) * 2007-02-28 2009-08-11 Caterpillar Inc. EDM process for manufacturing reverse tapered holes
US8146365B2 (en) * 2007-06-14 2012-04-03 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Fuel nozzle providing shaped fuel spray
EP2423589A1 (fr) * 2010-08-27 2012-02-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Agencement de brûleur
DE102012002465A1 (de) * 2012-02-08 2013-08-08 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Gasturbinenbrennkammer mit unsymmetrischen Kraftstoffdüsen
GB201222304D0 (en) * 2012-12-12 2013-01-23 Rolls Royce Plc A fuel injector and a gas turbine engine combustion chamber
JP6563687B2 (ja) * 2014-06-18 2019-08-21 リンナイ株式会社 コンロバーナ用二重ノズル
CN106999889A (zh) * 2014-12-04 2017-08-01 埃克森美孚研究工程公司 用于流化床反应器的流体喷射喷嘴
WO2019177947A1 (fr) * 2018-03-12 2019-09-19 Buckner Todd T Système de séchage pour installation de lavage de voiture
US12092332B2 (en) * 2021-12-29 2024-09-17 General Electric Company Fuel nozzle and swirler

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US2583726A (en) * 1948-01-26 1952-01-29 Chalom Joseph Aaron Nozzle
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1999063268A1 (fr) 1999-12-09
EP1084368B1 (fr) 2002-08-14
JP2002517700A (ja) 2002-06-18
DE59902355D1 (de) 2002-09-19
US6676048B1 (en) 2004-01-13
EP1084368B2 (fr) 2005-11-02

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