EP1083460A1 - Verfahren und Apparat zum Belichten von lichtempfindlichem Material - Google Patents

Verfahren und Apparat zum Belichten von lichtempfindlichem Material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1083460A1
EP1083460A1 EP99202942A EP99202942A EP1083460A1 EP 1083460 A1 EP1083460 A1 EP 1083460A1 EP 99202942 A EP99202942 A EP 99202942A EP 99202942 A EP99202942 A EP 99202942A EP 1083460 A1 EP1083460 A1 EP 1083460A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light beam
light
exposed
area
parts
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Granted
Application number
EP99202942A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1083460B1 (de
Inventor
Kjell Palmius
Janniek Hummelink
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Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe BV
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Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe BV
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Priority to EP19990202942 priority Critical patent/EP1083460B1/de
Priority to DE69930052T priority patent/DE69930052T2/de
Publication of EP1083460A1 publication Critical patent/EP1083460A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1083460B1 publication Critical patent/EP1083460B1/de
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C7/00—Multicolour photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents; Photosensitive materials for multicolour processes
    • G03C7/18—Processes for the correction of the colour image in subtractive colour photography
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
    • G03C5/02—Sensitometric processes, e.g. determining sensitivity, colour sensitivity, gradation, graininess, density; Making sensitometric wedges
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
    • G03C5/04—Photo-taking processes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method for exposing a photosensitive material, such as colour negative film, colour reversal film or colour photographic paper, for evaluating the photographic characteristics of said photosensitive material, in which at least two different areas of the material are exposed differently, and at least one light beam is used.
  • a photosensitive material such as colour negative film, colour reversal film or colour photographic paper
  • This invention also relates to an apparatus for exposing a photosensitive material, such as colour negative film, colour reversal film or colour photographic paper, for evaluating the photographic characteristics of said photosensitive material, in which at least two different areas of the material are exposed differently, and at least one light beam is used.
  • a photosensitive material such as colour negative film, colour reversal film or colour photographic paper
  • the material is usually composed of a red sensitive layer, a green sensitive layer, and a blue sensitive layer. After the exposure and photographic development, the sample is measured with a densitometer in order to evaluate the performance of the photographic material.
  • the exposure is performed with red, green, blue or composed light.
  • the composed light means light which has its intensity in the spectrum of which the wavelength varies between 320 - 800 nm, such that the composed light includes blue, green, and red light.
  • substantially only the silver halide crystals of the red sensitive layer can be changed physically.
  • the light absorbed by the red sensitive layer generates a so-called latent image in the silver halide crystals (This means a kind of physical change in a crystal.) of the red sensitive layer, which can be developed in the developing process later.
  • substantially the silver halide crystals of the green sensitive layer can be changed physically.
  • the light absorbed by the green sensitive layer generates a latent image in the silver halide crystals of the green sensitive layer.
  • substantially the silver halide crystals of the blue sensitive layer can be changed physically.
  • the light absorbed by the blue sensitive layer generates a latent image in the silver halide crystals of the blue sensitive layer.
  • the silver halide crystals in the red, green, and blue sensitive layers can be changed physically.
  • the light absorbed by these sensitive layers generates the latent images in the silver halide crystals of these sensitive layers.
  • Cyan colour dye formation occurs in the red sensitive layer by the reaction of cyan dye forming coupler with an oxidized aromatic primary amine which is produced from colour developing agent by the development reaction with the silver halide crystals in the red sensitive layer that have the latent image.
  • Magenta colour dye formation occurs in the green sensitive layer by the reaction of magenta dye forming coupler with an oxidized aromatic primary amine which is produced from colour developing agent by the development reaction with the silver halide crystals in the green sensitive layer which have the latent image.
  • Yellow colour dye formation occurs in the blue sensitive layer by the reaction of yellow dye forming coupler with an oxidized aromatic primary amine which is produced from colour developing agent by the development reaction with the silver halide crystals in the blue sensitive layer that have the latent image. After the bleach, fix, and stabilization processes, and so on, a colour image is established.
  • the colour densities cyan, magenta, and yellow densities
  • the sensitometric result sensitivity, gradation, and so on
  • the red-, the green-, and the blue-sensitive layers can be changed physically and can be developed simultaneously. In that case, an interaction between these layers may occur. This interaction will be explained in more detail.
  • some development inhibitor can be released from the red sensitive layer and diffuses into other layers, like the green sensitive layer, after which it suppresses the development of the green layer.
  • This inhibitor is sometimes a halogen ion that is released during the development of the silver halide crystal.
  • a particularly designed inhibitor is included intentionally. This means that the amount of magenta dye produced in the green sensitive layer becomes less compared to that without the development in the red sensitive layer.
  • the separate exposures are possible by using appropriate colour filters and an optical wedge.
  • colour filters blue, green and red filters or diffraction grating filters etc. can be used.
  • An optical wedge is a neutral density filter with a density gradation.
  • a continuous wedge or a step wedge may be used. An example of a continuous wedge is shown in Fig.1c and 1d.
  • a grey fil-ter neutral density filter. This has a uniform absorption over the whole visible spectrum for a wavelength range between 400 - 700 nm.
  • an optical wedge Further it is known to expose the photographic material to blue, green, red and composed light, by means of four appropriate filters, respectively.
  • the problem with the known methods and apparatus is that one can not reveal with a satisfactory level of reliability the interaction between the red, green and blue sensitive layers.
  • the interactions between these layers are determined by comparing the sensitometric results which are obtained by the separate exposures to red, green and blue light on the one hand and to composed light on the other hand.
  • the invention is based on the insight that the composed light exposure with the known method and apparatus is not merely the sum of the separate red, green and blue light exposures.
  • the composed light exposure has a different spectrum (including wavelength and intensity) from the sum of the separate red, green and blue light exposures. This means that the spectrum and total energy of light which is received by the blue sensitive layer in the case of a composed light exposure is different from the spectrum of light which is received by the blue sensitive layer in the case of a separate blue light exposure. Similarly, the spectrum of light which is received by the green sensitive layer in the case of a composed light exposure is different from the spectrum of light which is received by the green sensitive layer in the case of a separate green light exposure .
  • the spectrum of light which is received by the red sensitive layer in the case of a composed light exposure is different from the spectrum of light which is received by the red sensitive layer in the case of a separate red light exposure. It follows that if the sensitometric result of each sensitive layer in the area which receives composed light differs from the sensitometric result of each sensitive layer in the area which receives separately blue, green and red light, respectively, this difference can be caused by the spectrum difference mentioned above and the interaction between the sensitive layers. For example, the sensitometric result of the blue sensitive layer (which can be measured by the yellow density) in the area which receives composed light will differ from the sensitometric result of the blue sensitive layer in the area which receives separately blue light.
  • the sensitometric result of the green sensitive layer (which can be measured by the magenta density) in the area which receives composed light will differ from the area which receives separately green light.
  • the sensitometric result of the red sensitive layer (which can be measured by the cyan density) in the area which receives composed light will differ from the area which receives separately red light. These differences are caused by the spectrum difference and the interaction between the sensitive layers.
  • the method for exposing a photosensitive material for evaluating the photographic characteristics of said photosensitive material, in which at least two different areas of the material are exposed differently and at least one light beam is used, characterized in that the at least one light beam is split into at least a first and a second part which are equal to each other, while the at least two different areas are at least exposed to the first part of the at least one light beam and the second part of the at least one light beam respectively.
  • This type of method can be used advantageously for this evaluation.
  • the at least one light beam may be red light.
  • the red light beam is splitted into a first and a second part which are equal to each other and the first part of this red light is projected on one area of the photographic material.
  • the sum of the second part of the red light and another light beam (green light in this case) is projected on the other area of the photographic material.
  • the interaction between the two layers can be determined by comparing the sensitometric result of the cyan dye in the area which is exposed to red light and the sensitometric result of the cyan dye in the area which is exposed to the sum of red and green light.
  • the method may in accordance with the invention further be characterized in that at least two light beams having different spectra are each split into at least a first and second part which are equal to each other, while a first area of the at least two different areas is exposed to the first part of the first light beam, a second area of the at least two different areas is exposed to the first part of the second light beam, and a third area of the at least two different areas is exposed to the sum of at least the second part of the first light beam and the second part of the second light beam.
  • the first light beam is, for example, a red light beam
  • the second light beam is a green light beam.
  • the green and red layers of the photographic material are tested, including their mutual interaction. The interaction between these layers can be determined by comparing the areas which have received red light, green light and the sum of red and green light, respectively.
  • the method according to the invention is further characterized in that further a third light beam having a different spectrum than the first and the second light beam is split into at least a first and second part which are equal to each other, while a fourth area of the at least two different areas is exposed to the first part of the third light beam, and the third area is exposed to the sum of at least the second parts of the first, second and third light beam.
  • the first, second and third light beam may for example be a red, green and blue light beam respectively. In that case the areas which are exposed separately to red, green and blue light are compared with the area exposed to the sum of these lights, as a result the interaction between the sensitive layers can be determined.
  • the apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that the at least one light beam is split into at least first and second parts which are equal to each other, while the at least two different areas are exposed to the first part of the said light beam and the second part of the said light beam respectively.
  • This type of apparatus can be used advantageously for the above referred evaluation.
  • the apparatus may according to a preferred embodiment of the invention further be characterized in that at least two light beams having different spectra are each split into at least a first and a second part which are equal to each other, while a first area of the at least two different areas is exposed to the first part of the first light beam, a second area of the at least two different areas is exposed to the first part of the second light beam, and a third area of the at least two different areas is exposed to the sum of at least the second part of the first light beam and the second part of the second light beam.
  • reference numeral 1 designates a part of an apparatus, known per se, for exposing a photosensitive test material, for instance, a colour negative film, a colour reversal film, or a colour photographic paper, etc.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a light source 10, a colour filter 2 and an optical wedge 4 arranged on top thereof.
  • the colour filter comprises a red area 6a, a green area 6b, a blue area 6c and a grey or clear area 6d.
  • the optical wedge has a density going from high to low, from left to right in the drawing. This means that the light intensity which is passed by the optical wedge 4 increases from left to right in the drawing (see also Fig. 1d).
  • a test sample 8 is placed on top of the optical wedge 4. Then a homogeneous composed light 10 is supplied at the bottom of the colour filter 2. After the test sample 8 is developed, the test sample 8 will contain four different areas, which are exposed to four different light spectra (Fig. 2).
  • the first area 10a has been exposed to the red light, with increasing intensity from left to right as viewed in the drawing. In the area 10a, substantially only the layer sensitive to red light will undergo a physical effect. This layer is developed, so that a cyan dye is formed.
  • the area 10b will be exposed to green light. This means that in the area 10b substantially only the layer sensitive to green light will be exposed and after development a magenta dye will be formed in this area.
  • the area 10c is exposed to blue light. This means that substantially only the layer sensitive to blue light will undergo a physical effect. Then, after development, a yellow dye is formed.
  • composed light comprises both red, green and blue light, this means that in this area the layers sensitive to red light, to green light and to blue light, respectively, will undergo a physical change.
  • a cyan dye, a magenta dye and a yellow dye are formed.
  • Fig. 3a shows schematically the relation between the density of blue exposed area 10c of the test material according to Fig. 2 and the amount of light to which this area has been exposed.
  • the density is plotted along the vertical axis and the logarithm of the intensity of the received light is plotted along the horizontal axis.
  • the formed dye amount is dependent on the amount of light.
  • the magenta and cyan dye will hardly be formed here.
  • Fig. 3b shows schematically the relation between the density of the green exposed area 10b of the test material according to Fig. 2 and the amount of light to which this area has been exposed. At this exposure, only the magenta dye is formed substantially. The formed dye amount is dependent on the amount of light. The yellow and cyan dye will hardly be formed here.
  • Fig. 3c shows schematically the relation between the density of the red exposed area 10a of the test material according to Fig. 2 and the amount of light to which this area has been exposed. At this exposure, only the cyan dye is formed substantially. The formed dye amount is dependent on the amount of light. The yellow and magenta dye will hardly be formed here.
  • Fig. 3d shows schematically the relation between the density of the composed exposed area 10d of the test material according to Fig. 2 and the amount of light to which this area has been exposed. At this exposure, yellow, magenta, and cyan dyes are formed. The formed dye amounts are dependent on the amount of light.
  • the sensitometric characteristics of the blue sensitive layer in the area exposed to the separate blue light (which is shown by the yellow density curve in Fig 3a) is different from that in the area exposed to the composed light (which is shown by the yellow density curve in Fig. 3d), because of the interaction between the sensitive layers and the difference of spectrum absorbed in the blue sensitive layers.
  • Similar explanation can be given to the magenta and cyan density curves, which are shown in Fig 3b and 3c .
  • the insight into the cause of this problem constitutes the basis of the present invention, which will be further explained.
  • the cyan dye formed in the area 10d corresponds to the cyan dye formed in the area 10a even if there were no interactions with other dyes.
  • the magenta dye in the area 10d corresponds to the magenta dye formed in the area 10b even if there were no interactions with other dyes.
  • the yellow dye formed in the area 10d corresponds to the yellow dye formed in the area 10c even if there were no interactions with other dyes. Because the formed dye amounts are not equal even in the absence of interaction, differences between these dyes cannot be attributed merely and solely to interactions between the layers sensitive to different colours in the area 10d.
  • Fig. 3d it is indicated with primes that the cyan' dye, magenta' dye and yellow' dye formed are not equal to the cyan dye, magenta dye and yellow dye formed according to Figs. 3a to 3c.
  • the apparatus 12 comprises a light source 14, which generates composed light.
  • the apparatus further comprises a red filter 16, to which a portion of the composed light is applied for obtaining a first light beam 18, which consists of red light.
  • the apparatus comprises a green filter 20, to which the same amount of composed light from the light source 14 is applied as to the red filter 16.
  • a second light beam 22 is formed, which consists of green light.
  • the apparatus further comprises a blue filter 24 for obtaining a third light beam 26, which consists of blue light.
  • the red light 18 is supplied to a beam splitter unit 28, known per se, for splitting the first beam 18 into at least a first part 30 and a second part 32 which are equal to each other.
  • a beam splitter 28 is composed of bundles of optical glass fibers. In the entrance part of 28, it is a bundle of several hundred of fibers and in the middle part, this bundle is exactly divided into two identical parts. The light introduced in the entrance of 28 is exactly divided into two equal parts.
  • the apparatus further comprises a second beam splitter unit 34, for splitting the second light beam 22 into at least a first and second part 36, 38 respectively which are equal to each other.
  • the apparatus further comprises a third beam splitter unit 40, for splitting the third light beam 26 into at least a first part 42 and a second part 44 which are equal to each other.
  • the apparatus further comprises a first beam combination unit 46, known per se. It is composed of components 48, 50, and 52. It has two functions in this example, beam combination and beam splitting. First it sums the second parts 32, 38, 44 of the first, second and third beam 18, 22, 26. The sum of these parts is formed in component 48 of the first beam combination unit 46. Second, the so determined sum of three light beams is split into two equal parts also in component 48, which are available at the outputs 50 and 52, respectively, of the beam combination unit 46.
  • a beam combination unit 46 is composed of bundles of optical glass fibers.
  • the bundle from three parts (which introduces blue, green, and red light) are collected and randomized and then divided into two identical parts in 48.
  • the light from 32, 38, and 44 are summed and divided into exactly two identical parts.
  • the reason why the bundle is divided into two parts is to make the light uniform in the light distribution box explained later.
  • the first part 30 of the first beam 18 is applied to a second beam combination unit 54, which is identical to the first beam combination unit 46. Because only the first part 30 of the first light beam 18 is applied to the beam combination unit 54, half of the first part of the first beam 18 will be available at the output 50' of this beam combination unit 54, while the other half of the first part 30 of the first light beam 18 is available at the output 52'.
  • the first part 36 of the second light beam 22 is applied to a third beam combination unit 56, while the first part 42 of the third light beam 26 is applied to a fourth beam combination unit 58.
  • the lights generated at the outputs 50 and 52 of the first beam combination unit 46 is applied to light distribution means, which are schematically shown in Fig. 4b.
  • Fig. 4c shows a cross section at the entry of this apparatus.
  • the light distribution means in this example consist of a light distribution box 60.
  • the light available at the outputs 50 and 52 of the beam combination unit 46 is merged again in one compartment of the light distribution box 60 in a manner known per se, such that the light in question egresses uniformly at the top 62 of the light box.
  • this distribution box has adjustable masks and opal glass as shown in Fig. 4b.
  • an optical wedge 64 is arranged, which corresponds in properties to the above-discussed optical wedge 4 .
  • Placed on top of the optical wedge is the test sample 8.
  • the light of the second beam combination unit 54, available at the outputs 50' and 52' are supplied to another compartment of the same light box 60. Entirely analogously, this also holds for the light egressing from the third and fourth beam combination units 56, 58. Accordingly, the light associated with the outputs 50'' and 52'' are also combined in another compartment of the light distribution box 60, such that they egress uniformly at the top 62 and are applied to the optical wedge 64. Entirely analogously, the same holds for the light beams egressing, respectively, from outputs 50"' and 52"'.
  • test sample 8 which is exposed as shown in Fig. 4d will therefore include the four areas 110a to 110d as shown in figure 5, which area's are similar area's 10a to 10d, as discussed in relation with Fig. 2.
  • the second parts of, the first, second and third light beams (red, green and blue) are summed and subsequently are used for exposing the area 110d
  • the layer of this area 110d that is sensitive to blue light is exposed to blue light which corresponds qualitatively and quantitatively to the blue light to which the area 110c is exposed.
  • the layer of the area 110d that is sensitive to green light is exposed to green light which corresponds qualitatively and quantitatively to the green light to which the area 110b is exposed.
  • the layer of the area 110d that is sensitive to red light is exposed to red light which corresponds qualitatively and quantitatively to the red light to which the area 110a is exposed.
  • Fig. 6a, 6b and 6c reflect the situation for the areas 110c, 110b and 110a.
  • Fig. 6d reflects the situation for the area 110d. If, presently, differences arise between, for instance, the measured density of yellow in Fig. 6a and the measured density of yellow in Fig. 6d, this can be attributed only to interactions between the sensitive layers in the area 110d that are sensitive to different colours, since here the three layers are each exposed simultaneously, such that the exposure is equal to the sum of the individual exposures according to Figs. 6a to 6c.
  • the signals applied to these units and summed in the components 48, 48', 48,'' and 48''' are split into two equal parts to be subsequently merged again in the light distribution box 60.
  • the steps of splitting into two equal parts and subsequent merging have been carried out to apply uniform light beams to the optical wedge 64.
  • other methods for obtaining uniform light beams can also be used.
  • the light distribution box 60 is omitted. In that case, the light beams egressing from the units 46, 54, 56, 58 are applied directly to the optical wedge, without being split.
  • the beam combination units 54, 56 and 58 can be omitted, for they do not combine light beams.
  • the only reason that they were used is that in this way the first parts 30, 36, 42 of the first, second and third light beams 18, 22, 26 are processed in the same manner as the second parts 32, 38, 44 of these light beams.
  • the area 110d is exposed to red, green and blue light of the same quality and quantity as the red, green and blue light to which the areas 110a, 110b and 110c are exposed.
  • the apparatus 12 may also be modified such that it can only be used for exposing two layers of the photosensitive material.
  • the third light beam 26, the beam splitter 40 and the beam combination unit 58 can be omitted.
  • the area 110d is then exposed to parts of the first and second light beam, while the area 110c is not exposed at all.
  • the interaction can be determined between two layers sensitive to different colours of light.
  • the first beam 18 can consist of red light
  • the second beam 22 consists of green light or blue light.
  • the first beam consists of blue light
  • the second beam consists of green light.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
EP19990202942 1999-09-09 1999-09-09 Verfahren und Apparat zum Belichten von lichtempfindlichem Material Expired - Lifetime EP1083460B1 (de)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19990202942 EP1083460B1 (de) 1999-09-09 1999-09-09 Verfahren und Apparat zum Belichten von lichtempfindlichem Material
DE69930052T DE69930052T2 (de) 1999-09-09 1999-09-09 Verfahren und Apparat zum Belichten von lichtempfindlichem Material

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EP19990202942 EP1083460B1 (de) 1999-09-09 1999-09-09 Verfahren und Apparat zum Belichten von lichtempfindlichem Material

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EP1083460A1 true EP1083460A1 (de) 2001-03-14
EP1083460B1 EP1083460B1 (de) 2006-03-01

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2191756A5 (de) * 1972-06-29 1974-02-01 Samuelson Film Service Ltd
FR2223724A1 (en) * 1973-03-31 1974-10-25 Klimsch & Co Photographic print contrast control - is for colour or black and white without need for special mask
US5424802A (en) * 1993-04-30 1995-06-13 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Photographic printer
EP0697288A2 (de) * 1994-08-18 1996-02-21 Eastman Kodak Company Digitaler Drucker mit zur Entwicklung modulierter Weisslichtquelle

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2191756A5 (de) * 1972-06-29 1974-02-01 Samuelson Film Service Ltd
FR2223724A1 (en) * 1973-03-31 1974-10-25 Klimsch & Co Photographic print contrast control - is for colour or black and white without need for special mask
US5424802A (en) * 1993-04-30 1995-06-13 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Photographic printer
EP0697288A2 (de) * 1994-08-18 1996-02-21 Eastman Kodak Company Digitaler Drucker mit zur Entwicklung modulierter Weisslichtquelle

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DE69930052D1 (de) 2006-04-27
EP1083460B1 (de) 2006-03-01
DE69930052T2 (de) 2006-10-26

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