EP1075203A1

EP1075203A1 - Filtering deep fryer for household use

Info

Publication number: EP1075203A1
Application number: EP99915833A
Authority: EP
Inventors: René Mariotti
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1998-04-27
Filing date: 1999-04-26
Publication date: 2001-02-14
Also published as: US6619191B2; US20020166455A1; US6412401B1; FR2777769B1; WO1999055211A1; CA2330291A1; FR2777769A1; JP2002512825A

Abstract

The invention concerns a deep fryer comprising a bowl (1'): a fry basket (4'); and a filtering vessel (3') receiving the basket (4') and sliding in the bowl (1') between a high position (above the maximum oil filling level) and a low position. The fryer further comprises elastic means (8') urging the vessel (3') towards its high position and means for temporarily locking (111, 103) the vessel (3') in low position. Said elastic means (8') enable the basket (4') and the filtering vessel (3') to rise simultaneously and prevent the debris from frying retained in the vessel from stagnating in the oil between two frying operations.

Description

Filter fryer for domestic use.

The present invention relates, in general, to a domestic fryer of the type comprising: - a tank adapted to receive a reserve of oil up to a maximum filling level,

- a frying basket adapted to receive the food to be fried,

a filtration tank adapted to receive said frying basket and to slide in said tank, in a downward stroke, between a high position for which the bottom of said tank is located higher than the maximum filling level of the tank and a position low for which at least the major part of the basket, received in said tank, is located lower than said level, and conversely in an upward stroke, the filtration tank having a bottom wall of which at least part forms a filter.

A fryer of this type is disclosed, for example, in FR-A-2 479 677. In this patent, a removable waste filter 34 is interposed between a tank 32 and a basket 12, which basket can be moved between its high position and its low position in the tank, and vice versa, without concomitant displacement of the waste filter. If the waste filter can be removed from the tank to remove the waste it has retained, it is by implementing a specific manual step. In the absence of this implementation, the waste filter, with the waste it contains, remains immersed in the frying oil from one frying operation to another. In addition, when ^~ this operation is implemented, the waste filter is lifted directly from its oil immersion position towards the outside of the tank with, inevitably, oil streaks on the work surface and risk of burns if the oil is hot. This inconvenient system can encourage the user not to remove the waste filter after each frying operation, in which case food debris accumulates in the waste filter, resulting in further carbonization of the debris each time and accelerated degradation of the oil. This degradation also contributes to the fact that the free surface of the oil is almost entirely exposed to ambient air.

• It has also been proposed, in FR-A-2 086 562, a fryer in which: elastic means formed by a spring (9) bear on the bottom of a first container, or tank, (4 ) and on the bottom of a blind cylindrical boss (10) formed in the bottom of a second container, or frying basket, (6), a spring which urges said basket away from the bottom of the tank; and

• means for temporarily locking said frying basket in the low position.

This fryer is designed to keep the basket in the low position until the cooking of the food has reached a certain stage. To do this, it is by means of a piece 18, originally raw, of the food in question, fixed on points 19 depending on the cover, that the spring 9 is compressed when it is closed. the lid, which allows the basket to pass and be kept in the low position. When, under the effect of cooking, the piece of food interposed breaks or becomes too soft to keep the spring compressed, it relaxes and the basket rises. At this point, the food is supposed to be properly cooked. This fryer has a bottom, or platen, 22 on which the frying basket rests. If it is understood that this plate is lowered when the basket is lowered against the force of the spring, the patent is silent as to the means which allow the plate to go back up with the basket: in fact, it is clearly indicated in the description of this patent that the spring does not push on the plate but on the basket (the plate having necessarily, to do this, a central cutout for the passage of the spring). When the basket goes up, there is therefore no reason for the plate to accompany it. In addition, the cylinder 11 which is integral with the cover and into which the boss 10 of the basket bottom penetrates in the high position thereof, prevents the fryer from being opened by pivoting the cover around the hinge 14 when the basket frying is in this high position. This opening is only possible when the boss 11 is not in engagement with the cylinder 10, that is to say in the lower position of the basket, in other words again, with the food immersed in the oil. Draining of cooked food, following the automatic lifting of the basket, is therefore a complete waste. The object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of the prior art by proposing simple and harmless means - consequently inciting - for the filtration of the oil, a goal which is achieved in the sense that, in the fryer according to the invention, the elastic means are also supported on the bottom of the filtration tank, and not on the frying basket.

In this way, the oil is filtered each time the filter pan / frying basket is raised, without any member obstructing the opening of the fryer when the frying basket is in the high position, c that is to say in the basket draining position.

In practice, the elastic means urging said filtration tank away from the bottom of the tank can be constituted by a spring. In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the filtration tank has a full annular zone the inner periphery of which borders a cut-out provided by, or coincident with, a fine-mesh lattice, the area of the full annular zone being greater than cutting, preferably 5 to 7 times higher.

To load the basket, the filtration tank is in the high position, under the effect of the push of the elastic means which urge the filtration tank upwards. Once the basket is loaded and the oil is heated to the desired temperature, the user lowers the "filtration tank / loaded basket" assembly, overcoming the force of the elastic means until the moment when the temporary locking means are activated. filtration tank in the low position. Once the cooking is finished, the locking means are deactivated and, under the effect of the pushing of the elastic means, the filtration tank and the frying basket return to the high position. After draining the fried food, the basket can be removed from the filtration tank for unloading the food.

During the raising of the filtration tank, the oil in said tank is sucked towards the space of increasing volume located under the tank, space which constitutes the storage area of the oil reserve between two frying operations. The oil in which the basket was immersed reaches this storage area by passing through the filter part of the filtration tank. It is therefore understood that the food debris escaping from the basket does not pass into the oil storage area, but is retained on the filter area of the filtration tank, and that the filtration tank, drained, can be easily extracted from its high position to eliminate waste. In addition, between two frying operations, the solid area at the bottom of the filtration tank covers a major part of the surface of the oil reserve, the layer of air interposed between them being very thin if care is taken to complete from time to time said reserve to maintain it substantially at maximum level. This cover reduces the oxidation of the oil reserve.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cut-out of the filtration tank is provided with a connection means adapted to come into engagement with a paired connection means provided on an oil cartridge consisting of an enclosure capable of to go from a deployed configuration to a compressed configuration in accordion, and the elastic means which urge the frying basket away from the bottom of the tank are constituted by a spring included in said enclosure.

Advantageously, the paired connection means are threads, or equivalent means (A in turn), the cartridge possibly being provided with a neck closed by a screwed cap.

To load the fryer with oil, it suffices for the user to remove the screwed stopper which closes the neck of the cartridge and to screw this neck onto the cut edge of the bottom of the filtration tank. When he wants to change the oil, the user performs the same operations in reverse, with an obvious advantage in terms of maintaining the tank and respecting the environment. Used oil will no longer be thrown into the sink; the used oil cartridge, closed by the cap of the new cartridge put into service, may be deposited in an appropriate recycling center.

In a first embodiment of the invention, the fryer has a cover with a horizontal section of the same geometry as, and of dimensions slightly smaller than those of the tank and which is adapted to rest on said filtration tank and to slide in said tank, said means for temporarily locking said filtration tank in the low position acting by temporarily locking said cover at a determined sliding depth in said tank.

It is understood that this cover thus has the dual function of limiting / preventing the release of frying vapors to the atmosphere and of ensuring the locking of the filtration tank, therefore of the frying basket, in the low position.

In a preferred embodiment, the fryer cover comprises, on the one hand, an outer wall having at least one vent and, on the other hand, a removable inner wall, predominantly perforated and adapted to serve as a seat for a piece of filter material housed at inside the cover. This piece of material, which can be made of absorbent cloth or absorbent paper, retains the micro-droplets of oil entrained by the water vapor which is released from the food during frying, which micro-droplets are responsible for the odors of frying.

Advantageously, to facilitate draining of the frying basket, fried food and the filtration tank, the fryer according to the invention comprises wiping means, such as ultrasonic means acting on the wall of the tank or centrifuge means. , and whose activation is triggered when the filter pan passes, or is passed, from low position to high position, after a frying operation. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the fryer according to the invention, the ratio between the volume defined by the tank up to the maximum oil filling level and the useful volume of the basket is at least equal to 5. Per volume useful means the normal loading volume of the basket with food, for example frozen fries.

Indeed, such a report is essential for an almost instantaneous seizure of food, which avoids excessive penetration of oil into the food. In domestic fryers currently on the market, this ratio is, in the best of cases, equal to 1. It follows that when the basket, generously loaded with frozen fries for example, is immersed in oil heated to temperature frying, this temperature drops suddenly, which has the unfortunate consequence of making the fries absorb more oil than normal. The report recommended according to the invention eliminates this drawback.

Other advantageous characteristics and details of the invention will emerge from the description given below with reference to the appended drawings in which:

- Figure 1 shows, in schematic vertical section, a first embodiment of the fryer according to the invention in the rest position (that is to say frying pan in the high position);

- Figure 2 shows the same embodiment as Figure 1, but the fryer being in the frying position (that is to say the frying pan in the low position), -

- Figure ^' 3 is an enlarged representation of the area delimited by a circle in Figure 2;

- Figure 4 shows, in schematic vertical section, a second embodiment of the invention, frying basket in the high position;

- Figure 5 is a view similar to that of Figure 4, but frying basket in the low position;

- Figure 6 is a detail on a larger scale of the area delimited by a circle in Figure 4;

- Figure 7 is a detail view of a variant of Figure 5 showing the use of an oil cartridge.

If we refer to Figures 1 and 2, we see that the fryer according to the invention comprises a tank 1 containing a filtration tank 3, itself containing a frying basket 4. In the following description, will consider that said tank, said tank and said basket have a circular horizontal section, but this section may have another shape, for example rectangular. The tank 1 is included in a covering, not shown.

The bottom 9 of the filtration tank 3 rests on a spring 8 which bears on the bottom of the tank 1 and on said bottom 9 and which urges the filtration tank 3 upwards. The bottom 9 of the filtration tank 3 comprises an annular zone 5 delimiting a central cutout 6 and it supports a removable filtration disc, itself made up of a wire mesh 10 with fine mesh, surrounded by a solid border 7. In alternatively, the mesh could be made of a plastic material resistant to frying temperature. By fine meshes, one understands meshes whose opening is micrometric. The upper end of the side wall of the container 3 has a flange 11 (FIG. 3) providing a shoulder 11 'on which the ears 12 depending on the basket 4 rest.

On this flange 11 also rests a cover 13 consisting of an outer wall 14 and an inner wall 15. The inner wall 15, easily removable by the user, consists of an annular plate in which is crimped a wire mesh micrometric 15 '. The inner wall 15 of the cover 13 serves as a seat for a disc of absorbent material 16, for example household absorbent paper.

The upper wall 14 of the cover has vents 17 and it serves as a support for a timer mechanism 18 housed for the most part inside the cover 13. This mechanism has an index 19 accessible from outside the cover and rotatably mounted at 1 against the force of a spiral spring included in a case, shown schematically in 20, containing conventional timepieces. From this housing 20 emerges an axis 21 moved in rotation by the timer mechanism and on which is blocked a part 22 in the periphery of which is hollowed out a cam surface 23. This cam surface roughly takes the form of a coated eight , that is to say that it comprises two substantially circular convex parts joined by two small concave zones forming a constriction.

The axis 21 and the part 22 are included in a housing 24 in the lower wall of which the axis 21 revolves. The side wall of the housing 24 has two diametrically opposite openings for the passage of two rods 25 which each have one end proximal 26 bearing against the cam surface 23 and a distal end 27. FIG. 1 shows the rods 25 bearing on the concave zones of the cam surface 23 while FIG. 2 shows them bearing on the convex parts of said area. The distal end 27 of each of the rods 25 is received in a guide sleeve 37 which communicates with an opening 36 made in the side wall of the cover 13.

There is provided, on each rod 25, in the vicinity of its proximal end 26, a stop 28 on which one of the ends of a return spring 29 bears, the other end of which bears on the internal wall of the housing 24 , the springs 29 holding the proximal end 26 of the rods 25 in contact with the cam surface 23. The internal wall of the tank 1 has a first peripheral groove 30 adapted to receive the distal end of the rods 25 and a second peripheral groove in which is housed an O-ring 31, slightly below the groove 30. More precisely, the distance dl (figure 3) between the plane of the groove 30 and that of the seal 31 is equal to the distance d2 (figure 1) between the plane of the rods 25 and that of the projection formed by the flange 11 (Figure 3).

The free edge l ′ of the tank 1 has two diametrically opposite returns 32, roughly in the form of squares, which affect only a small part of the periphery of the tank 1 and which project above said free edge l '. The height h (Figure 2) between the free edge l 'of the tank and the internal face, in a horizontal plane, returns 32 is sufficient to allow the introduction, by translation, of the cover 13 on the flange 11 of the tank filtration 3.

The tank 1 rests on a base 33 containing thermostatically controlled electric heating means known per se, activatable by means of a switch 34. An indicator light 35 signals that the oil has reached the desired temperature.

The frying basket 4 and the filtration tank 3 comprise gripping means not shown so as not to overload the figures. The operation of the fryer according to the invention and its mode of use will now be described. 10

The tank only contains the spring 8, the user loads the tank 1 with oil up to the maximum level indicated by Max. The user then introduces the filtration tank 3 into the tank 1, then the basket 4, loaded for example with frozen fries, into the tank 3 and finally the cover 13 under the returns 32 by placing it on the flange 11 of the tank. filtration. The loaded fryer then assumes the configuration shown in Figure 1. In particular, the springs 8 and 29 are expanded, the rods 25 are in the retracted position and the frying basket 4 is not in contact with the oil reserve.

The fryer being electrically connected, the user puts the switch 34 in the on position and waits for the indicator light 35 to come on. It then pushes on the cover 13, against the spring 8, which results in gradually immersing the filtration tank 3 - and therefore the frying basket 4 - in hot oil. This thrust is continued until the flanges 11 abut on the joint 31, which signals to the user that the distal ends 27 of the rods 25 are opposite the groove 30. The user then makes turn the index finger 19 to a mark corresponding to the start of cooking, which has the effect, on the one hand, of starting the countdown and on the other hand, of rotating the part 22 so that the parts of the cam surface offered at the proximal ends 26 of the rods 25 are the substantially circular convex parts. It follows that the rods 25 are thrown outwards, against the force of the return springs 29, and that their distal ends 27 engage with the groove 30 by locking the cover at this level of penetration. in the tank. The fryer then has the configuration shown in FIG. 2.

During the frying operation, the food releases water vapor laden with micro-oil droplets which can only escape by passing through the cover 13, the O-ring 31 ensuring the peripheral seal of the 11

lid. More specifically, the frying vapors pass through the mesh 15 ′ of the cover and then the layer of absorbent material 16 before escaping through the vents 17. The oil micro-droplets are retained in the passage by the absorbent material 16 so that '' more or less, only the odorless water vapor passes into the atmosphere.

The account ^'countdown performed by the timer continues, and, as the workpiece 22 in rotation provides proximal portions 26 of the rods 25 supported on the circular convex zones of the cam surface 23, the rods 25 are maintained in projected position . The time has elapsed when the part 22 offers the proximal ends 26 of the rods 25 a support on the throttles of the cam surface: under the effect of the return springs, the support is retained, resulting in the retraction of the rods 25 which disengage from groove 30.

Under the effect of the spring 8, the filtration tank 3 and the elements 4 and 13 that it supports are pushed up. The volume delimited by the bottom 9 of the filtration tank 3 and the lower part of the tank 1 increases, resulting in a suction effect exerted, by the cutout 6, on the oil which is above the bottom 9. This oil can only reach the lower part of the tank 1 (that is to say the part of the tank located under the tank 3 in the high position thereof) only by passing through the trellis 10 which rids it of any debris it contains. It is therefore filtered oil which crosses the cutout 6. Filtration of the oil through the trellis 10 slows the rise of the various elements 3,4,13, so that they do not risk "jumping" out of the tank 1. In any event, the forecast of returns 32 prevents such an incident from occurring. When the frying operation is finished, the fryer has returned to the configuration of FIG. 1. Vibrating means, provided in the covering, not shown 12

of the tank 1, can then be actuated to perfect the draining of fried food. This treatment also makes it possible to accelerate the return, towards the lower part of the tank 1, of the residual oil present on the walls of the upper part of the tank, on the filtration tank 3 and on the frying basket 4.

If one respects a minimum ratio equal to 5 between the volume of oil and the useful volume of the basket, for example if one uses a minimum volume of 1250 ml of oil for a portion of 250 g of frozen fries , the cooking time will be 1 to 2 minutes. Preferably, moreover, the capacity of the basket 4 will be limited so that one cannot place there more than 250 g of fries.

To unload the fryer, the user slides the cover 13 in translation to release it from the returns 32, then it extracts the frying basket 4 from the tank 1.

It then extracts the filtration tank 3 - which, at this stage, is well drained - and removes the debris retained on the trellis 10 by inverting the tank and shaking the disc 7.10. The frying basket 4, the filtration tank 3 and the disc 7.10 can be washed in the dishwasher. The same applies to the interior wall 15 of the cover 13 which can be removed for washing and for replacing the absorbent material 16.

Between two periods of use, the free surface of the oil reserve is little exposed to air due to the presence of the solid zone 5 of the bottom 9 of the filtration tank, which contributes to its good conservation. In the second embodiment illustrated in Figures 4 to 6, parts identical or very similar to those described in connection with Figures 1 to 3 will be designated by the same references followed by the premium sign.

Instead of a sliding cover in the tank 1, the second embodiment comprises a cover 100 pivotally mounted on the covering 102 of the tank 1 'by means of a hinge 101. This cover 100, seen from above, put on 13

the form of a frame adapted to receive a disposable filter 16 'temporarily secured to said cover.

Instead of being lowered under the effect of a vertical force exerted on the sliding cover, the frying basket 4 'and the filtration tank 3' are lowered under the effect of the movement of a lever 103 pivotally mounted in 104 on a part 105 depending on the covering 102 of the tank l '. More specifically, this lever 103 takes the form of a fork formed, on one side of the pivot 104, of two branches 106, only one of which is visible in FIGS. 4 and 5, and of a tail 107 of the other side of the pivot 104. The end of the branches 106 remote from the pivot 104 is articulated at 108 on a connecting rod 109, itself articulated at 110 on the frying basket 4 '. The branches 106 are therefore secured to the basket 4 ′ in two opposite zones on either side of the basket. The tail 107, which may consist of contiguous extensions of the branches 106, at its end remote from the pivot 104 facing a finger 111 movable in a vertical plane and bearing on an eccentric wheel 112 forming a cam, mounted on an axis 113 on which is fixed a pinion 114 driven in rotation by a pinion 115, itself wedged on an axis 116. The axis 116 is rotated by a mechanism forming a timer included in a button 117. The axis 104 rests on a support (not shown) from which it can be easily separated, thus allowing the basket 4 ′ to be extracted from the tank 1 ′.

As best seen in Figure 6, the tank l ', which can be stamped sheet, has a larger section in the area surrounding the frying basket 4' in the high position than in the area below this basket. The variation in section creates a peripheral shoulder 118 which receives the seal 31 '. On this seal 31 ′ rests a removable jacket 119 which doubles the tank at this level. Means, not shown, are provided for easily extracting the jacket 119 from the tank 1a. 14

The operation of the fryer, in its second embodiment, is as follows:

The cover 100 being open, that is to say tilted to the left, in the drawing, around the hinge 101, and the tank 1 'containing only the spring 8', the user loads the tank with oil up to the maximum level. The user then introduces the filtration tank 3 ′ into the tank 1 ′, then the basket 4 ′, of which he replaces the axis 104 on its support. He then loads the basket 4 ', for example, of frozen fries, then flaps the cover 100 to the right, in the drawing, around the hinge 101. The whole is then presented as shown in FIG. 4 (neither the fries , nor the oil being represented so as not to overload the drawing). In particular, the spring 8 'is expanded and the frying basket 4' is not in contact with the oil reserve. The fryer being electrically connected, the user puts the switch 34 'in the on position and waits until the indicator light 35' comes on. He then turns the knob 117 to an angle marked with a mark corresponding to standard cooking, or to a slightly smaller or slightly larger angle depending on whether he prefers less or more cooking. This rotation of the button 117, causes that of the axis 116, of the pinions 115 and 114, of the axis 113 and of the cam 112 which comes to raise the finger 111, which in turn raises the tail 107 of the lever 103 The latter pivots around the axis 104 by pushing the basket 4 ′, and consequently the filtration tank 3 ′, down against the force of the spring 8 ′ which compresses, which results in gradually immerse the 4 'basket in hot oil. The fryer then has the configuration shown in FIG. 5.

The timer mechanism included in the button 117 sets the chosen cooking time, the toothing ratio between the pinions 115 and 114 being such and the geometry of the cam 112 being such that the finger 111 remains raised (and therefore the basket 4 ' stays in the down position) as long as 15

time is not up. When it is, the cam 112 authorizes the lowering of the finger 111, freeing the tail 107 from the lever 103. Under the effect of the spring 8 ', the filtration tank 3' and the basket 4 'which it supports are pushed up. As in the case of the first embodiment, the oil which is located above the bottom 9 'of the tank 3' is sucked down and it can only reach the lower part of the tank l ' passing through the trellis 10 'which rids it of any debris it contains.

The water vapor charged with micro-droplets of oil which is released during the frying operation, can only escape by passing through the filter 16 'of the cover 100, the O-ring 31' ensuring the peripheral seal. between the 3 'tank and the tank.

When the frying operation is finished, the fryer has returned to the configuration of FIG. 4.

To unload the fryer, the user swings the cover 100 around the hinge 101, then, after having separated the axis 104 from its support, he extracts the frying basket 4 'drained from the tank 1'.

It can then extract from the tank, on the one hand, the jacket 119 which thus protects the upper part of said tank from a frying operation to the other and, on the other hand, the filtration tank 3 '. It removes the debris retained on the trellis 10 'as before. The frying basket 4 ', the jacket 119, the filtration tank 3 and the lattice disc 10' can be washed in the dishwasher. The absorbent material 16 'lining the cover 100 can be replaced.

Coming to Figure 7, it differs from Figure 5 only in that it shows the use of a spring oil cartridge. More specifically, the edge of the central cutout in the bottom 9 ′ of the container 3 ′ was provided with a threaded tube 120 matched to the threaded neck 121 of an enclosure 122 containing a spring 8 "and whose wall 123 is adapted to fold in accordion. 16

Before use, the threaded neck 121 is closed by a screw cap. The basket 4 'and the tray 3' having been extracted from the tank l ', the user unblocks the oil cartridge and screws its neck 121 onto the tube 120 of the tray 3'. He then replaces, in the tank, the tray 3 'thus equipped and the basket 4' loaded with food to be cooked, as before.

This embodiment works exactly like the previous one except that instead of being contained directly in the tank l ', the oil is contained in the enclosure 122, itself housed in the tank l'.

When the basket 4 'and the filtration tank 3' are lowered, they compress the spring 8 "contained in the enclosure 122 of the cartridge whose wall 123 folds in accordion. The oil is expelled from the cartridge via its neck 121 and the tubing 120 of the filtration tank 3 'The seal 31' prevents the bubbling oil from passing over the top of the tank 3 'between the tank 1' and the outer wall 123 of the cartridge.

When the lever 103 is released and can pivot around the axis 104, the spring 8 "relaxes, the wall 123 of the cartridge deploys and the oil which was outside the cartridge is re-aspirated by the tube 120 Tray

3 'and the neck 121 of the cartridge.

When the user wants to change the oil after a certain number of frying operations, he extracts from the tank the basket 4 'and the tank 3', unscrews the neck 121 from the tube 120, plugs this neck with the cap which he will have taken care to keep or with the cap of a new cartridge put into service and throw the used oil cartridge in recycling center.

It is understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown.

In particular, the temporary locking means could take another configuration than those described and be controlled other than by a timer / cam surface assembly. Instead of jointly using a filtration tank 3 whose cutout 6 is completely 17

open and a removable filtration disc such as 7.10 resting on the bottom of the tank, one could use a tank 3 whose cutout 6 would be directly filled by a fine mesh lattice. Instead of the spring 8, a metal bellows could be used. The fryer could not be equipped with electric heating means, in which case the base 33 would be ^" replaced by a heating soleplate adapted to be placed on a heat source. These examples of variants are in no way limiting.

Claims

18

CLAIMS 1. Domestic fryer of the type comprising:

• a tank (1; 1 ') adapted to receive a reserve of oil up to a maximum filling level (Max),

• a frying basket (4; 4 ') adapted to receive the food to be fried,

• a filtration tank (3; 3 ') adapted to receive said frying basket (4; 4') and to slide in said tank (1; 1 '), in a downward stroke, between a high position for which the bottom from that bin

(3; 3 ') is located higher than the maximum filling level (Max) of the tank (1; 1') and a low position for which at least the major part of the basket (4; 4 '), received in said tank is located lower than said level, and conversely in an upward stroke, the filtration tank (3; 3 ') having a bottom wall (7, 10; 7', 10 ') of which at least part ( 10; 10 ') filter form; • elastic means (8; 8 '; 8 ") bearing on the bottom of the tank (1; 1') and urging said frying basket (4; 4 ') away from the bottom of the tank; and

• temporary locking means (25.30 _/ 111.103) of said filtration tank (3; 3 ') in the low position, characterized in that said elastic means (8; 8') are also supported on the bottom ( 9; 9 ') of the filtration tank (3; 3').

2. Fryer according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic means (8; 8 '; 8 ") urging said filtration tank (3; 3') away from the bottom of the tank are constituted by a spring.

3. Fryer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bottom (9; 9 ') of the filtration tank (3; 3') is constituted by a solid annular zone (5, -5 ') whose inner periphery borders a cutout (6; 6 ^! ) 19

furnished by, or in coincidence with, a fine mesh trellis (10; 10 '), the area of said solid annular zone (5; 5') being greater than that of the cutout (6; 6 ').

4. Fryer according to claim 3, characterized in that the area of said solid annular zone (5, -5 ') is

5 to 7 times greater than the area of said cut (6; 6 ').

5. Fryer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it further comprises a cover (13) of a horizontal section of the same geometry as, and of dimensions slightly less than, those of the tank (1) and which is adapted to rest on said filtration tank (3) and to slide in said tank (1), said temporary locking means (25,30) of said filtration tank (3) in the low position acting by temporary locking of said cover (13) at a determined sliding depth in said tank (1).

6. Fryer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, at the level occupied by said frying basket (4 ¹ ) in the high position, said tank (1 ') is lined internally with a jacket (119 ) removable.

7. Fryer according to claim 6, characterized in that, at the level occupied by the frying basket (4 ') in the high position, the section of the tank (1') is slightly greater than the rest of said section, the variation of section resulting in the presence, on the internal face of the tank, of a peripheral shoulder (118) on which rests a seal (31 ') ensuring the seal between the tank (1') and the filtration tank (3 ¹ ) and on which said shirt (119) is supported.

8. Fryer according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the bottom of said filtration tank (3 ') is provided with a connection means (120) adapted to come into engagement with a connection means ( 121) paired provided on an oil cartridge consisting of an enclosure (122) capable of passing from a deployed configuration to a compressed accordion configuration, and in that the elastic means which urge said basket 20

(4 ') away from the bottom of the tank (l ¹ ) are constituted by a spring (8 ") included in said enclosure (122).

9. Fryer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the ratio between the volume defined by the tank (1; 1 ') up to the maximum oil filling level (Max) and the useful volume of the frying basket (4; 4 ') is ^" at least equal to 5.

10. Oil cartridge, characterized in that it consists of an enclosure (122) capable of passing from a deployed configuration to a compressed accordion configuration, and vice versa, said enclosure (122) being provided with a neck (121) adapted to be temporarily secured to a container to be in fluid communication with it, a spring (8 ") which urges said cartridge towards its deployed configuration being included in said enclosure (122).