EP1074790B1 - Brûleur à recirculation de fumées - Google Patents
Brûleur à recirculation de fumées Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1074790B1 EP1074790B1 EP00430026A EP00430026A EP1074790B1 EP 1074790 B1 EP1074790 B1 EP 1074790B1 EP 00430026 A EP00430026 A EP 00430026A EP 00430026 A EP00430026 A EP 00430026A EP 1074790 B1 EP1074790 B1 EP 1074790B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- duct
- burner
- ducts
- air
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 18
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
- F23D17/002—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/08—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
- F23D14/78—Cooling burner parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2202/00—Fluegas recirculation
- F23C2202/20—Premixing fluegas with fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2202/00—Fluegas recirculation
- F23C2202/40—Inducing local whirls around flame
Definitions
- the present invention relates to improvements made industrial burners with liquid or gaseous fuel.
- the technical field of the invention is the field of manufacture industrial burners.
- the present invention more particularly relates to improvements in low-emission gaseous fuel burners nitrogen oxide having primary gas injection means fuel arranged in the center of the burner and injection means secondary devices, and intended to be mounted either in an orifice intended for that in the wall of an enclosure, such as the chamber of combustion or hearth of a furnace or boiler, that is, in the central part of a turbine exhaust gas flow duct of a installation of co-generation of electrical and thermal energy, in order to warm up these exhaust gases.
- the present invention has more particularly concerned a burner in which combines the two above methods of flue gas recirculation, on the one hand, and staging of the fuel supply, on the other hand.
- US Pat. No. 5,284,438 describes a burner of similar structure but more complex, in which the burner block delimits a convergent and a divergent separated by a constriction, and includes conduits fumes extraction by fuel jets which, by their dimensions, their flared shape at the entrance, their inclined position and their exit located in the divergent from the block, are supposed to ensure a defined dosage of the mixture fuel - fumes and its injection into a mixing zone with air, which is situated in the divergent;
- this burner comprises a central duct injection nozzle equipped with a nozzle, and a stabilizer of flame ;
- this structure causes the formation of jets (of a mixture fuel - smoke) turbulent and swirling, and causes them to mixing with the air in the mixing zones delimited by the block.
- EP 675 321 discloses a gaseous fuel burner which has several primary fuel injection rods arranged in the central part of an air duct delimited by the body tubular burner; the ends of the rods are bent outwards, arranged under the slots of a flame stabilizer, and the ends of rods are pierced with holes through which fuel gas is injected in the focus through the slits of the stabilizer; the burner has in in addition to (secondary) gaseous fuel injection rods, which are distributed around the primary injection rods, and which end with a single nozzle each opening into a recirculation duct smoke produced in the home; these secondary injection canes, as well that the associated recirculation ducts, are located inside the canal of air, to ensure their cooling by the air circulating there.
- Each recirculation duct opens into the firebox in parallel to the air channel, and communicates at its other end with the hearth by a orifice pierced in the wall of the air channel, at the outer periphery of the burner; these orifices allow, by suction effect and drive, to recirculate the fumes that mix with the gas fuel and reduce the formation of nitrogen oxides; to complete this reduction by increasing the staging of combustion, the burner includes (tertiary) fuel injection rods crossing the wall of the hearth enclosure; each cane is associated with a air intake channel surrounding the cane.
- Patent EP 675 321 also describes a burner devoid of means tertiary fuel injection, whose performance is reduced.
- the burner described in this document has certain disadvantages: the gaseous currents delivered by the rods and the air channels associated with these tertiary means of injection, are likely to form a curtain surrounding the secondary means of fuel gas injection, which is likely to disturb and limit the efficiency of the recirculation system smoke by secondary means for injecting gaseous fuel; a Another disadvantage is the difficulty of regulating and controlling the effect produced by the jets of air surrounding the gas jets of tertiary means injection, and in particular to control these coaxial jets and their mixture necessary for good combustion with other jets caused by this burner, which is equipped with three separate injection systems gaseous fuel and two separate transport and injection systems air in the burner (and hearth); in addition, a disadvantage related to canes extending through the walls delimiting the enclosure of the home, lies in the large size of this system and the difficulty of repairing it, maintain and / or modify such a system partially embedded in the wall of the hearth of the hearth.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a burner improved and at least partially remedy the disadvantages of burners known while improving their performance in reducing the formation of nitrogen oxides.
- An object of the present invention is in particular to improve the self-recirculation of fumes.
- An object of the present invention is also to propose a compact burner, simple, inexpensive and likely to be used in a Turbine exhaust gas transport duct (s).
- the invention consists in proposing a burner gaseous fuel which comprises a central transport duct fuel, a central air duct surrounding said duct central fuel, several gaseous fuel extending at least partly outside the duct central air transport, preferably parallel to it, and completed each by a fuel ejection nozzle;
- the burner has in in addition to a rectilinear section of cylindrical conduit (or tube) of recirculation of fumes, which is arranged in the extension of each nozzle and at a distance (in front) thereof;
- the air transport duct and the smoke extraction ducts are metallic, substantially parallel between them, and preferably open substantially in the same plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the burner;
- the suction ducts of The fumes are fixed on the metal body of the burner, preferably on the air transport duct, by a metal connection which contributes to ensure, by conduction, the cooling of the suction ducts by the burner body (especially by the air duct) which is itself cooled by the air it carries
- each peripheral fuel nozzle from the inlet of the associated recirculation tube is preferably same order of magnitude as the radius or diameter of the pipe section of recirculation, for example of the order of 2 to 20 centimeters; thus, the space between the nozzle and the inlet (the upstream end) of the recirculation facilitates the extraction of fumes and the mixing of gas combustible with the fumes present in the hearth, delineating a passage section for smokes of significantly larger dimensions large than that defined by the peripheral opening of the tubes of recirculation described in EP 675 321; in addition, this provision allows and / or facilitates the adjustment, during assembly or the installation of the burner, this distance, which makes it possible to optimize suction, mixing and entrainment of fumes by gas jets combustible.
- the cooling of Conducted flue gas recirculation ducts with the central duct air transport is sufficient to prevent deterioration of these ducts although these flues are located in the fireplace (and / or are subjected to intense heating by the direct radiation of the flame); preferably, for this purpose, the metal link serving as a heat sink extends over a large area, particularly substantially over the entire length of the recirculation ducts; this link is preferably obtained by welding.
- the cooling of flue gas tubes can not be obtained by convection with a flow of air (relatively cold) as is the case in EP 675 321 and in the patent application FR 98/10350 filed August 7, 1998 by the Claimant; in this document indeed, peripheral nozzles of air injection are arranged nested with the peripheral nozzles fuel injection.
- Said peripheral nozzles and the associated suction ducts are preferably identical, arranged equidistant from the axis longitudinal axis of the burner (that is to say on a circle) and in a symmetry of revolution (that is, angularly equidistant).
- the peripheral gas injection nozzles fuel and the associated flue gas pipes are three to twelve, in particular six to eight, arranged in a crown, regularly (angularly) distributed around the longitudinal axis (of general symmetry) of the burner.
- the invention consists of a gas heater turbine, which comprises a burner according to the invention which is mounted in the central part of a turbine gas transport duct which is equipped with partial closure shutters.
- the external position of the smoke circulation tubes avoids disturbing the combustion of the fuel delivered in the central part.
- FIG. 1 illustrates in longitudinal sectional view a burner with liquid and gaseous fuel according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a front view of the front end of the burner of the Figure 1 and is a view along II of Figure 1.
- FIG. 3 illustrates in longitudinal sectional view a heater of turbine outlet gas according to the invention.
- the burner 1 (FIGS. 1 and 2) comprises a first ferrule cylindrical 2 longitudinal axis 3 horizontal, and a second ferrule cylindrical 4 coaxial with the first, which delimits a duct 5; the ferrule 2 defines a central duct 31 for air passage, which extends the duct 5 air inlet.
- the burner extends through a cylindrical orifice 6 provided in the wall 7 separating the hearth 8 from the outside 9 of the enclosure.
- the burner comprises in central part a central rod of transport of liquid fuel (in particular such as heavy fuel oil, diesel fuel, gasoline, oils, residual liquids ...) up to the equipped burner head a central nozzle 11 and a flame stabilizer 12, which are arranged at the front end of the duct 31 and the ferrule 2, and are salient at inside the fireplace 8; the burner further comprises a central rod 100 injection of gaseous fuel.
- liquid fuel in particular such as heavy fuel oil, diesel fuel, gasoline, oils, residual liquids
- the burner comprises a bundle of six peripheral tubes 13 of transport of fuel gas, which are each equipped at their end before a nozzle 14 arranged protruding (for example prominent 1 centimeter) to the inner face 15 of the wall 7.
- the tubes 13 extends parallel to the axis 3 inside duct 5 for air transport; the tubes 13 are powered by a common collector 16, and pass through an annular flange 17 connecting ferrules 2 and 4; as illustrated in FIG. 2, the six identical nozzles 14 fuel gas ejection are angularly spaced 60 degrees.
- the longitudinal axes 20 of the nozzles 14 which are parallel to the axis 3, are located on identical or neighboring rays.
- the axis of the tubes 22 coincides with the axis of the nozzles 14 and the end rear 24 identical sections 22 is disposed at a distance 25 from the corresponding nozzle 14, which distance is close to 50 millimeters, and corresponding to the diameter of the tubes 22.
- the front end 23 of the tubes 22 extends in the plane 112 containing the outlet orifice of the central duct 31.
- the burner 1 is mounted in a duct 200, of axis coincides with the axis 3 of the burner, delimited by walls 201 (In the case where several burners are mounted in the duct 200, their axes 3 are parallel to that of the duct).
- the pipe 200 carries (according to the arrows 103) gas leaving a turbine, whose temperature is of the order of 500 ° C or, when the turbine is stopped, air; in the latter case, shutters 104, which are pivotally mounted in the conduit 200 along axes 105, seal partially - in the position shown in solid lines - the section of passage of the duct 200 leaving the passage free - according to the arrows 102 - through the conduit 2 of the burner; the (open) position of the shutters shown in dashed lines corresponds to the case where the turbine gases are present.
- the burner is fixed in the duct 200 by means represented.
- peripheral ducts 13 are supplied with gas fuel by a second collector 16; the flow of gaseous fuel injected by the peripheral nozzles is generally of the order of 90 95% of the total fuel flow.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Description
- le rapport de la longueur des conduits de recirculation associés aux buses d'éjection de gaz, à leur diamètre, est supérieur à 1 et inférieur ou égal à 10, en particulier voisin de 2 à 4 ;
- les buses périphériques d'éjection de gaz sont disposées sensiblement affleurantes ou de façon peu saillante sur la face interne des parois de l'enceinte du foyer ;
- l'orifice de sortie du conduit central d'air est saillant à l'intérieur de l'enceinte du foyer, et les extrémités avant des conduits de recirculation situés dans le prolongement des buses d'éjection de gaz combustible, sont disposées sensiblement dans le même plan que ledit orifice de sortie du conduit central d'air ;
- les tubes de recirculation associés aux buses d'éjection de gaz combustible, sont soudés sur la virole du conduit central d'air, sur la surface externe de celle-ci.
Claims (9)
- Brûleur (1) à combustible gazeux qui comporte un conduit central (10,100) de transport de combustible, un conduit central (2) de transport d'air entourant ledit conduit central de combustible et plusieurs conduits périphériques (13) de transport de combustible gazeux, caractérisé en ce que lesdits conduits périphériques s'étendent en partie au moins à l'extérieur du conduit central de transport d'air, en ce que le brûleur comporte en outre un tronçon rectiligne de conduit (22) de circulation de fumées qui est disposé dans le prolongement de chaque buse (14) équipant les conduits périphériques (13), et en ce que les conduits (22) d'aspiration de fumées sont fixés par une liaison (101) sur le conduit (2) de transport d'air, à l'extérieur de celui-ci et ne sont pas au contact d'un flux d'air, leur refroidissement étant réalisé par conduction par l'intermédiaire de ladite liaison (101).
- Brûleur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les conduits (22) sont soudés par une de leurs génératrices à un barreau (101) métallique de liaison qui est soudé sur une génératrice du conduit (2), parallèlement à celui-ci.
- Brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, qui comporte un stabilisateur de flamme (105) et une rosace déflectrice (106) disposés dans le conduit d'air (2, 31) au voisinage de son plan d'extrémité (112).
- Brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel l'orifice amont (24) de chaque conduit (22) est disposé à une distance (25) de la buse (14) correspondante, qui est de l'ordre du diamètre du conduit (22).
- Brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel l'orifice (23) de sortie des conduits (22) s'étend sensiblement dans le plan (112) transversal de sortie du conduit (2).
- Brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel les buses (14) et les conduits (2, 22) sont saillants à l'intérieur du foyer (8).
- Brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel les conduits (22) de circulation de fumées et le conduit (2) de transport d'air sont métalliques.
- Réchauffeur de gaz de turbine transportés par un conduit (200) équipé de volets (104) d'obturation, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7.
- Réchauffeur selon la revendication 8, qui comporte un conduit (106) d'alimentation d'air pour le refroidissement du brûleur.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9910296A FR2797321B1 (fr) | 1999-08-04 | 1999-08-04 | Bruleurs a recirculation de fumees et a faible emission d'oxydes d'azote et rechauffeurs de gaz comportant de tels bruleurs |
FR9910296 | 1999-08-04 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1074790A1 EP1074790A1 (fr) | 2001-02-07 |
EP1074790B1 true EP1074790B1 (fr) | 2004-11-24 |
Family
ID=9548999
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00430026A Expired - Lifetime EP1074790B1 (fr) | 1999-08-04 | 2000-07-27 | Brûleur à recirculation de fumées |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1074790B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60016106T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2797321B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007134580A1 (fr) * | 2006-05-19 | 2007-11-29 | Ulrich Dreizler | Modélisation de flamme |
FR2914398B1 (fr) * | 2007-04-02 | 2009-12-18 | Pillard Chauffage | Bruleur a combustible gazeux |
CN103277795B (zh) * | 2013-05-27 | 2015-05-20 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | 可调节烟气自身再循环燃气燃烧器 |
US9593847B1 (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2017-03-14 | Zeeco, Inc. | Fuel-flexible burner apparatus and method for fired heaters |
CN109631036B (zh) * | 2019-01-14 | 2023-08-25 | 唐山亿昌热能科技有限公司 | 一种超低氮氧化物的燃烧方法及匹配的燃烧头和燃烧装置 |
CN110594743B (zh) * | 2019-10-12 | 2024-05-07 | 西藏仁泽环境技术有限公司 | 一种利用高热值废液燃烧低热值废气的混合燃料燃烧器 |
CN112303621B (zh) * | 2020-03-02 | 2023-06-16 | 青岛永泰锅炉有限公司 | 一种超低氮锅炉气体燃烧器 |
IT202000028394A1 (it) * | 2020-11-25 | 2022-05-25 | Baltur S P A | Bruciatore e apparato industriale a ridotte emissioni |
CN217131272U (zh) * | 2020-11-25 | 2022-08-05 | 百得股份公司 | 减少排放的工业燃烧器和设备 |
CN116379431A (zh) * | 2023-03-30 | 2023-07-04 | 武汉明正动力工程有限公司 | 一种四合一低氮燃烧器 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3822004A1 (de) * | 1988-06-30 | 1990-01-04 | Babcock Werke Ag | Brenner |
US5073105A (en) * | 1991-05-01 | 1991-12-17 | Callidus Technologies Inc. | Low NOx burner assemblies |
US5284438A (en) | 1992-01-07 | 1994-02-08 | Koch Engineering Company, Inc. | Multiple purpose burner process and apparatus |
US5238395A (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 1993-08-24 | John Zink Company | Low nox gas burner apparatus and methods |
FR2718222B1 (fr) | 1994-03-29 | 1996-07-05 | Pillard Ent Gle Chauffage Indl | Perfectionnements de brûleurs à combustible gazeux à très faible émission d'oxyde d'azote. |
FR2760071B1 (fr) * | 1997-02-27 | 1999-05-28 | Pillard Chauffage | Dispositif de montage de bruleurs dans un conduit de gaz a chauffer |
FR2782150B1 (fr) * | 1998-08-07 | 2000-11-10 | Pillard Chauffage | Perfectionnements aux bruleurs a recirculation de fumees et a faible emission d'oxydes d'azote |
-
1999
- 1999-08-04 FR FR9910296A patent/FR2797321B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-07-27 DE DE60016106T patent/DE60016106T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-07-27 EP EP00430026A patent/EP1074790B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60016106D1 (de) | 2004-12-30 |
DE60016106T2 (de) | 2005-12-01 |
FR2797321B1 (fr) | 2001-10-26 |
EP1074790A1 (fr) | 2001-02-07 |
FR2797321A1 (fr) | 2001-02-09 |
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