EP1072043A1 - Matieres magnetiques permanentes de type r-fe-b et procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Matieres magnetiques permanentes de type r-fe-b et procede de fabrication

Info

Publication number
EP1072043A1
EP1072043A1 EP00905918A EP00905918A EP1072043A1 EP 1072043 A1 EP1072043 A1 EP 1072043A1 EP 00905918 A EP00905918 A EP 00905918A EP 00905918 A EP00905918 A EP 00905918A EP 1072043 A1 EP1072043 A1 EP 1072043A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
atomic
magnetic material
permanent magnetic
type
powder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00905918A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1072043B1 (fr
Inventor
Chen Pei Xin
Wang Biao
Ni De Zhen
Mark Gilbert Benz
Juliana C. Shei
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baotou Iron and Steel Group Co Ltd
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
Baotou Iron and Steel Group Co Ltd
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Baotou Iron and Steel Group Co Ltd, General Electric Co filed Critical Baotou Iron and Steel Group Co Ltd
Publication of EP1072043A1 publication Critical patent/EP1072043A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1072043B1 publication Critical patent/EP1072043B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
    • H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
    • H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
    • H01F1/0577—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to magnetic material compositions and a process for their manufacture, and more particularly performance magnetic material of the iron-boron-rare earth type (Fe-B-R).
  • Neodymium Neodymium
  • Fe-B-R type where R is a rare earth element containing high concentrations of the element Neodymium (Nd) has become common in industry since the early 1980's.
  • Nd Neodymium
  • MRI magnetic resonance imaging
  • Permanent magnets of the Fe-B-R type where R is one or more rare earth elements of which at least 50% of R is Nd and/ or Praseodymium (Pr), are known.
  • R is one or more rare earth elements of which at least 50% of R is Nd and/ or Praseodymium (Pr)
  • Pr Praseodymium
  • Such patents teach a high performance magnet consisting of, by atomic percent, (i) 12.5% -20% R wherein R is at least one rare earth element (selected from the group consisting of Nd, Pr, La, Ce, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Eu, Sm, Gd, Pm, Tm, Yb, Lu and Y) and at least 50% of R consists of Nd and/ or Pr; (ii) 4-20%B; and (iii) the balance Fe with impurities.
  • R is at least one rare earth element (selected from the group consisting of Nd, Pr, La, Ce, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Eu, Sm, Gd, Pm, Tm, Yb, Lu and Y) and at least 50% of R consists of Nd and/ or Pr; (ii) 4-20%B; and (iii) the balance Fe with impurities.
  • R is at least one rare earth element (selected from the group consisting of Nd, Pr, La, Ce, T
  • a permanent magnet prepared in the above fashion specifically comprised of 77 Fe-9 B-9 Nd-5 Pr (wherein Nd and Pr together comprise the rare earth component), sintered at 1,120 C for four hours in an inert atmosphere can acquire a high maximum energy product (BH)max of approximately 31.0 MGOe.
  • a permanent magnet comprised of 79 Fe-7 B-14 Nd, sintered at 1,120 C for one hour at (atmosphere), can acquire a maximum energy product (BH)max of approximately 33.8 MGOe (ref. Table 1, U.S. 4,975,130).
  • a sintered permanent magnet comprising 77Fe-7B-16Pr, sintered at 1,040 C in a vacuum at lxlO -4 torr for two hours can be produced having a maximum energy product somewhat less, namely, 24.5 MGOe.
  • R additionally comprises 70- 76% Pr, 29.8-23.8% Nd and up to and including 5% Ce with no significant or only slight decrease in the magnetic performance of the resultant permanent magnet.
  • additional magnetic material having Ce and Pr as described herein can be used so as to make up the deficit in strength of magnetic field required in an MRI device.
  • the applicants' invention comprises a high performance permanent magnetic material of the Fe-B-R type, said material essentially consisting of:
  • R comprises a mixture of rare earth elements Nd, Pr, and Ce wherein Ce is between approximately 0.2% and no more than 5.0 wt. % of R and Pr is between 70-76% and 29.8-23.8% Nd;
  • the Fe-B-R magnet of the present invention essentially consisted of, by atomic %, 15-16% R, with Ce comprising 0.5-3 wt. %, and preferably 0.5%, with the remainder of R essentially consisting of Pr and/ or Nd, preferably in the order of about 71.6% Pr and 24.9 % Nd, i.e. a 3:1 ratio.
  • the present invention further comprises a sintered permanent magnetic material of the Fe-B-R type when made in accordance with the following process, namely:
  • a metallic powder having a mean particle size of 0.3-80 microns said metallic powder formed from a composition essentially consisting of 15-16 atomic % R, wherein R essentially consists of the light rare earths Nd, Pr, and Ce, wherein Ce is between 0.2-5.0 wt. % of said R, the balance of R essentially consisting of 29.8-23.8% Nd and 70-76% Pr; 4-8 atomic % B, and at least 52 atomic % Fe;
  • the invention further comprises a method for producing sintered permanent magnets.
  • the invention also comprises a process for preparing a sintered permanent magnetic material of the Fe-B-R type, said process comprising:
  • R essentially consists of the light rare earths Nd, Pr, and Ce, wherein Ce is between 0.1-5.0 wt. % of said R and preferably 0.5% of R, and preferably approximately 74% Pr and 25% Nd; 4-24 atomic % B and preferably 6.5 atomic % B; and at least 52 atomic % Fe and preferably 78 atomic %;
  • Fig 1 is a graph of selected results from Table I, showing intrinsic coercive force H C i of a permanent magnet material of the Fe-B-R type as a function of Praseodymium composition of R, at Cerium concentrations of 0.5% of R;
  • Fig. 2 is a graph of selected results from Table I, showing intrinsic coercive force H c ; of a permanent magnet material of the Fe-B-R type as a function of Praseodymium composition of R, at Cerium concentrations between 5.0-5.3 % of R;
  • Fig. 3 is a graph similar to Fig. 4, showing selected result from
  • Table I plotting intrinsic coercive force H C i of a permanent magnet material of the Fe-B-R type as a function of Cerium composition of R, at Praseodymium concentrations between 22.5 and 25% of R;
  • Fig. 4 is a graph similar to Fig. 3 showing selected result from Table I, plotting intrinsic coercive force H C i of a permanent magnet material of the Fe-B-R type as a function of Cerium composition of R, at Praseodymium concentrations between 50-60% of R, and
  • Fig. 5 is a graph similar to Fig. 4, showing selected result from Table I, plotting intrinsic coercive force Hci of a permanent magnet material of the Fe-B-R type as a function of Cerium composition of R, at Praseodymium concentratnions between 74.6-100% of R.
  • the applicant has experimented with permanent magnets of the Fe-B-R type having various concentrations of Cerium as part of the rare earth component.
  • the applicant has further varied the relative ratios and concentration of Nd and/ or Pr of the rare earth component in relation to the amount of Ce, and measured the resultant magnetic properties of the Fe-B-R permanent magnets so created.
  • Table I sets out the results for 35 samples of Fe-B-R type permanent magnets, where the composition of R was varied by utilizing various ratios of Ce, Pr, and Nd.
  • Test Sample (wt % of R) (wt. % of R) (wt. % of R) (kOe)
  • Figs. 1-5 appended hereto are graphical plots of selected data from Table I, compiled for the purposes of assisting in interpreting the data in
  • FIG. 1 shows a plot of magnetic performance H C i as a function of Cerium addition, at relatively constant values of Pr (from 22.5 to 25% wt. of R).
  • Fig. 4 shows a plot of magnetic performance H c ; as a function of Cerium addition, at relatively constant values of Pr (from 50-60 wt. %).
  • Fig 5 likewise shows a plot of magnetic performance H c i as a function of Cerium addition, at relatively constant values of Pr (from 74.6 to 100%).
  • Pr (wt. %) where Ce amount is kept approximately constant generally tended to show an increase in magnetic performance H C i as the percentage of Pr was increased, at least for ranges of Ce concentrations at 0.5% and 10%.
  • the compacted body was sintered in an inert gas atmosphere at a temperature of 1120 C for 2 hours.
  • the magnetic field applied to the powders to co-align the powder particles be at least 7 kOe.
  • the magnetic field that is applied to the powder may have a range of about 7 to about 30 kOe. In another embodiment, the magnetic field may range from about 7 to about 20 kOe.
  • the Fe-B-R magnet of the present invention containing Cerium in certain defined percentages may be prepared by the powder metallurgical sintering procedure used in preparation of the aforementioned samples.
  • a description of the applicant's process, insofar as it relates to a process for the manufacture of the applicant's new composition, is set out below.
  • a metallic powder having a mean particle size of 0.3-80 microns, preferably less than 10 microns, is formed from a composition consisting of
  • R 13-19 atomic % R, preferably 15.16 atomic % R, wherein R essentially consists of the light rare earths Nd and/ or Pr, and Ce, wherein Ce is between 0.2 to 5.0 wt. %, and preferably 0.5%, the balance of R essentially consists of Nd and Pr, and preferably approximately 74.6% Pr and 24.9% Nd.
  • Such powder may be produced by known ball milling procedures, or Alpine jet milling. Since the distribution of particle size of the powder made by ball milling is wider than with powders made from Alpine jet mill, which definitely affects magnet alignment, Br, and thus (BH)ma ⁇ / the latter set milling procedure is preferred.
  • the resultant powder may optionally be exposed to a magnetic field, of a strength equal to 7.0 to 20 kOe as in the case of the sample specimens.
  • the metallic powder is then compacted at a pressure of at least 1.5 ton/ cm 2 to produce a resultant compacted body having a density of at least 5g/ cm 2 .
  • the resulting compacted body is then sintered in a reducing as or inert gas atmosphere, or as in a vacuum, at a temperature between 900- 1200 C, and preferably between 1000-1180 C, for a period of 15 minutes to 8 hours and preferably for at least 1 hour.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une matière magnétique permanente de type Fe-B-R constituée de 13-19 % atomique de R, R étant essentiellement constitué d'un mélange d'éléments des terres rares Nd et/ou Pr, et Ce, Ce constituant de 0,2 à 5,0 % en poids de R, et de 4-20 % atomique de B, le reste étant constitué par Fe. Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, R comprend 15-16 % atomique de B, Ce constituant approximativement 0,5 % et les terres rares restantes Pr et Nd présentant un taux de 3:1. L'invention concerne également un procédé de production d'aimants permanents de type Fe-B-R tels que ceux décrits plus haut, ainsi qu'une matière magnétique de type Fe-B-R obtenue par ledit procédé.
EP00905918A 1999-02-12 2000-02-02 Matieres magnetiques permanentes de type r-fe-b et procede de fabrication Expired - Lifetime EP1072043B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 99102207 CN1251252C (zh) 1999-02-12 1999-02-12 含有铈、钕和/或镨的铁－硼－稀土型永磁材料及其生产方法
CN99102207 1999-02-12
PCT/US2000/002649 WO2000048208A1 (fr) 1999-02-12 2000-02-02 Matieres magnetiques permanentes de type r-fe-b et procede de fabrication

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1072043A1 true EP1072043A1 (fr) 2001-01-31
EP1072043B1 EP1072043B1 (fr) 2004-05-06

Family

ID=5270771

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00905918A Expired - Lifetime EP1072043B1 (fr) 1999-02-12 2000-02-02 Matieres magnetiques permanentes de type r-fe-b et procede de fabrication

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1072043B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1251252C (fr)
AU (1) AU2751500A (fr)
DE (1) DE60010385T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000048208A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6518867B2 (en) * 2001-04-03 2003-02-11 General Electric Company Permanent magnet assembly and method of making thereof
US7148689B2 (en) 2003-09-29 2006-12-12 General Electric Company Permanent magnet assembly with movable permanent body for main magnetic field adjustable
US7423431B2 (en) 2003-09-29 2008-09-09 General Electric Company Multiple ring polefaceless permanent magnet and method of making
US7218195B2 (en) 2003-10-01 2007-05-15 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for magnetizing a permanent magnet
CN100461308C (zh) * 2005-05-22 2009-02-11 横店集团东磁有限公司 一种超高矫顽力烧结钕铁硼磁性材料及其制备方法
CN101694797B (zh) * 2009-10-27 2012-08-22 麦格昆磁（天津）有限公司 钕铁硼磁性材料
CN102969112B (zh) * 2012-12-05 2016-04-27 麦格昆磁（天津）有限公司 稀土永磁粉及其制备方法以及由其制备的磁体和磁性器件
CN106448987A (zh) * 2016-10-16 2017-02-22 桂林电子科技大学 一种优化成分配比制备高矫顽力稀土永磁薄带的方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60228652A (ja) * 1984-04-24 1985-11-13 Nippon Gakki Seizo Kk 希土類磁石およびその製法
KR880013194A (ko) * 1987-04-06 1988-11-30 원본미기재 영구자석 및 그 제조방법
JPH06346200A (ja) * 1993-06-14 1994-12-20 Daido Steel Co Ltd 永久磁石合金

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0048208A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60010385D1 (de) 2004-06-09
AU2751500A (en) 2000-08-29
WO2000048208A1 (fr) 2000-08-17
CN1263349A (zh) 2000-08-16
CN1251252C (zh) 2006-04-12
WO2000048208A9 (fr) 2001-08-09
DE60010385T2 (de) 2005-05-04
EP1072043B1 (fr) 2004-05-06

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