EP1065684B1 - Appareillage électrique de coupure dont un organe de contact est muni d'un pare étincelle - Google Patents

Appareillage électrique de coupure dont un organe de contact est muni d'un pare étincelle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1065684B1
EP1065684B1 EP00410064A EP00410064A EP1065684B1 EP 1065684 B1 EP1065684 B1 EP 1065684B1 EP 00410064 A EP00410064 A EP 00410064A EP 00410064 A EP00410064 A EP 00410064A EP 1065684 B1 EP1065684 B1 EP 1065684B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact means
zone
plane
stationary contact
spark arrester
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00410064A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1065684A1 (fr
Inventor
Robert Morel
François Sirolli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP1065684A1 publication Critical patent/EP1065684A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1065684B1 publication Critical patent/EP1065684B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/46—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using arcing horns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2041—Rotating bridge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical switchgear, in particular an electrical switch, comprising a fixed knife contact member and a movable contact member.
  • US-A-4,778,961 discloses an electrical switchgear according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a pole 110 of this apparatus comprises a fixed contact member in the form of a knife 112, a movable contact member 114 pivoting and a breaking chamber 116 with separators 118.
  • the movable contact member 114 comprises two parallel blades, of which only one is visible in the figures, and which together form a clamp.
  • the two members 112, 114 are elongate and placed more or less in the extension of one another so that in the closed position, the two blades of the movable contact member pinch the two side faces of the knife.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show the locations A and B of the corresponding respective contact points on the knife and on the blades of the movable contact.
  • the French patent application bearing the deposit number 9816783 teaches that advantage that the fixed contact member has a slot disposed between its contact zone and its connection zone, close to its contact zone, and opening on the side of the first contact member facing the contact zone of the second contact member in the open position.
  • the contact members When the contact members are in the closed position, the current lines propagate in the material of the first contact member approximately in its longitudinal direction.
  • opening the effective contact surfaces between the two contact members tend to move in the direction of opening, and the current lines are forced to bypass the slot and follow a direction approximately parallel to the sidewall the slot located on the side of the contact area.
  • the current lines curved in the first contact member are relatively stable, so that the foot of the arc has little tendency to leak towards the free end of the contact member. . Due to the movement of the head of the arc towards the end of the second contact member, which is carried out in the same manner as in the state of the art described above, the arc moves away generally from the free end of the first contact member.
  • the invention aims to eliminate the disadvantages encountered with the state of the art, and in particular to eliminate the risk of formation of metal balls on the movable contact member, without increasing the size of the switch.
  • an electrical switchgear in particular an electrical switch, comprising at least: a fixed contact member with an elongate knife defining a longitudinal median plane and a contact zone; a movable clamping contact member comprising at least two contact blades facing each other on either side of the median plane and each moving in a plane parallel to the median plane, each of the blades comprising a contact zone, the organ mobile contact being able to take a closed position in which the two blades pinch the knife of the fixed contact member, the contact areas of the blades then being in contact with the contact zone of the knife, and an open position in which two blades are remote from the fixed contact member, apparatus in which at least one of the blades of the movable contact member comprises a lateral zone of transfer of the arc, located at a greater distance from the plane median than the contact zone of said blade; the apparatus further comprising a metal spark arrester secured to and in electrical contact with the fixed contact member, the spark arrester having a curved upper flange with
  • the head of the electric arc even if it is born near the contact areas of the movable contact member, migrates rapidly to the lateral transfer zone, so that if a metal ball is formed, it is at this side area, at a place where it can not interfere with the reclosing of the device.
  • the device is symmetrical: the upper edge of the spark gap is approximately U-shaped or V shaped, with a median portion located at a short distance from the fixed contact member and two side portions substantially symmetrical to each other relative to the median plane, located at a greater distance from the median plane and the fixed contact.
  • Each of the two blades of the movable contact member comprises a lateral zone of transfer of the arc, located at a greater distance from the median plane than the zone of said blade coming into contact with the fixed contact member.
  • the two lateral zones of stagnation of the arc being approximately symmetrical with respect to each other on each side of the median plane, so that the shortest distance between the spark-gap and the movable contact is measured between one or the other of the arc transfer zones and a corresponding zone of said corresponding lateral part of the upper edge of the plate, and that this distance is smaller than the shortest distance between the movable contact member in the open position and the fixed contact member.
  • the spark arrester is made of ferromagnetic material.
  • the classical electromagnetic interactions that we encounter in an electric current and a ferromagnetic material are applicable to an electric arc, which is by nature a current.
  • the spark arrester forms a plate.
  • the fixed contact member has two longitudinal ends, the contact area being on the side of one of the longitudinal ends and an electrical connection area being located on the side of the other longitudinal end.
  • the spark arrester is fixed to the fixed contact member in a region of the fixed contact member intermediate between the contact zone and the connection zone.
  • the fixed contact member has a transverse slot located between the contact zone and the connection zone, and that a lower portion of the spark gap is inserted into said slot.
  • the slot has little influence in the closed position, but as soon as the apparatus opens and the current lines are curved in the fixed contact member, it allows to extend the electrical path of the connecting zone to the contact zone by promoting the inflection of the current lines in the material of the fixed contact member in a direction parallel to the slot. In doing so, it promotes the penetration of power lines in the spark arrester, despite the electrical resistance inevitable contact between it and the knife.
  • the spark screen arranged in the room makes it possible to dispense with the usual separators.
  • the apparatus comprises a second fixed contact member with an elongate knife defining a longitudinal median plane coincident with that of the first fixed contact member, the movable contact member forming a bridge between the two fixed contact members.
  • a switch 10 is housed in a molded insulating casing 12 and comprises three polar compartments 14, 16, 18.
  • Each polar compartment comprises two identical fixed contact blades 20, 22 electrically connected by a contact bridge.
  • mobile 24 rotated about a transverse central geometric axis 26 fixed relative to the housing 12.
  • the knives 20, 22 define a median longitudinal geometric plane 28 visible in Figures 6 and 7, perpendicular to the axis of rotation 26.
  • the contact bridges 24 of the different compartments are connected to a common control device so that all the bridges are simultaneously in the same angular position relative to the corresponding knives.
  • FIG. 3 shows the bridges of the compartments 16 and 18 in the closed position corresponding to FIGS. 4 and 6 while the deck of the compartment 14 is shown in the open position. , corresponding to Figures 5 and 7.
  • the knife 20, 22 of each fixed contact member, visible in FIG. 8, has on the side of one of its longitudinal ends a beveled portion 30 forming an access ramp to a contact zone 32 and intended to cooperate with the contact bridge and, on the opposite side, a connection pad 34 for connection to the network.
  • a transverse slot 36 partially separates the contact zone 32 from the connection zone 34.
  • a spark screen 40 is fixed at this slot.
  • the spark arrester 40 is constituted by a plate 42 with a lower rim 44 comprising an attachment zone provided with notches 46 intended for fixing in the slot, and an upper rim 48 curved approximately in U or V, with a median portion 50 and two side portions 52, 54.
  • the spark gap plate is symmetrical with respect to its plane and with respect to a second plane transverse to the previous one.
  • the spark arrester 40 When the spark arrester 40 is mounted on the knife 20, 22, it is arranged transversely to a median longitudinal plane of the knife.
  • the symmetries of the plate 42 allow to mount it on the knife 20, 22 indifferently in two directions.
  • the median portion 50 of the upper rim 48 is in continuity with the upper edge 55 of the knife located near the slot, on the side of the slot opposite the contact zone 32.
  • Each contact bridge 24 comprises a cage 70 serving to support two contact blades 56, 58 held in a median position by not shown elastic means.
  • the two blades 56, 58 of each contact bridge 24 are identical and symmetrical to one another with respect to the median longitudinal plane defined by the knife.
  • Each blade 56, 58 of the contact bridge has, at each of its ends, a boss 60, 62 facing the other blade and, on the opposite face, an arc transfer zone 64, 66.
  • the construction and arrangement of the contact members of the pole is therefore generally symmetrical with respect to the axis 26.
  • the bosses 60, 62 slide along the beveled edges of the knife until separation.
  • the tangent to the path of the point of contact on the bosses 60, 62 at the time of separation is substantially parallel to the transverse plane of the plate 42 forming the spark gap 40, or made with it a small angle.
  • the smallest distance between the contact bridge and the assembly consisting of the knife and the spark arrester is measured between the outer lateral edge of the transfer zones 64, 66 and a corresponding point of the lateral portion 52, 54 of the upper flange 48 of the spark gap 40. In practice, the smallest distance is then a few millimeters, typically 2 millimeters.
  • the operation of the device is then as follows. If an electric arc arises between one of the bosses 60, 62 of the contact bridge and the knife 20, 22 at the time of the separation of the contacts, the current lines in the knife material tend to bend to circumvent the slot 36 in which is engaged the spark arrester, so that the foot of the arc is close to the spark arrester. This effect is accentuated by the magnetic mass constituted by the spark screen. Gradually, the distance between the blades 56 and 58 of the contact bridge and the spark arrester 40 becomes smaller than the distance between the blades 56, 58 and the knife 20, due to the rotation of the bridge.
  • the arc migrates or recalls between the spark arrester 40 and one or other of the blades 56, 58, due to the lower dielectric strength in this region of the chamber. Because of the symmetries of the device, the choice of one or the other blades is relatively random, depending on the initial conditions. Certain involuntary dissymmetries of realization can also influence the phenomenon.
  • the power lines then enter the spark arrester 40 via the contact interface between the spark arrester 40 and the knife 20.
  • the arc tends to move so as to minimize its energy at all times. Since the minimum energy is approximately constant at each instant for an arc along a line of shorter distance between the spark arrester and the bridge, the foot of the arc moves along the rim 48 of the spark arrester laterally away from each other. the median longitudinal plane 28 of the knife and the median portion 50 of the rim. Depending on the initial conditions, the arc chooses one of the two lateral sides. This movement of the foot of the bow naturally promotes a movement of the head of the arc laterally towards the face 64, 66 farthest from the median longitudinal plane 28 of the conductor 56, 58 placed on the corresponding side.
  • the head of the arc does not remain permanently at the bosses 60, 62, which prevents the melting of the metal at this location. If a fusion takes place, it is at the place where the arc is parked at the end of the opening, that is to say on the lateral lateral side 64 or 66 of one of the blades of the bridge. The drop of metal possibly formed does not interfere at this point with the subsequent closure of the apparatus.
  • the invention is also applicable to switches comprising a movable contact member connected directly to a connection pad in place of the bridging contact connecting two fixed contacts.
  • the constitution of the spark gap plate of ferromagnetic material is optional.
  • the shape of the spark screen is not necessarily flat.
  • the symmetries of the embodiment described above has a practical advantage in the assembly of the equipment, since many parts are identical (the two blades of the bridge, the two knives, the two pares sparks, etc %), and that the constraints on the assembly direction of the parts are reduced.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
EP00410064A 1999-07-01 2000-06-19 Appareillage électrique de coupure dont un organe de contact est muni d'un pare étincelle Expired - Lifetime EP1065684B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9908730A FR2795858B1 (fr) 1999-07-01 1999-07-01 Appareillage electrique de coupure dont un organe de contact est muni d'un pare etincelle
FR9908730 1999-07-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1065684A1 EP1065684A1 (fr) 2001-01-03
EP1065684B1 true EP1065684B1 (fr) 2006-12-20

Family

ID=9547776

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00410064A Expired - Lifetime EP1065684B1 (fr) 1999-07-01 2000-06-19 Appareillage électrique de coupure dont un organe de contact est muni d'un pare étincelle

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1065684B1 (es)
AT (1) ATE349064T1 (es)
CZ (1) CZ300188B6 (es)
DE (1) DE60032414T2 (es)
EA (1) EA002857B1 (es)
ES (1) ES2277822T3 (es)
FR (1) FR2795858B1 (es)
HU (1) HU223891B1 (es)
PL (1) PL200796B1 (es)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7796369B2 (en) * 2006-05-01 2010-09-14 Siemens Industry, Inc. Devices, systems, and methods for shunting a circuit breaker

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2639354A (en) * 1950-10-07 1953-05-19 Gen Electric Electric circuit breaker
GB1158351A (en) * 1967-01-30 1969-07-16 Baldwin & Francis Holdings Ltd Electrical Circuit Interrupters.
DE1765050B2 (de) * 1968-03-26 1976-08-05 Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler, 6000 Frankfurt Elektrische kontakt- oder elektrodenanordnung zur ortsfesten stabilisierung der lichtbogenfusspunkte und zur verringerung der abbrandverluste
FR1571527A (es) * 1968-05-10 1969-06-20
DE7015884U (de) * 1970-04-28 1971-06-24 Siemens Ag Lichtbogenloeschvorrichtung fuer leistungsschalter.
FR2530373A1 (fr) * 1982-07-13 1984-01-20 Merlin Gerin Interrupteur electrique multipolaire a basse tension et a haute tenue electrodynamique
DE3539673A1 (de) * 1985-11-06 1987-05-07 Siemens Ag Kontaktanordnung fuer niederspannungs-leistungsschalter mit hauptkontakten und abbrennkontakten
US4778961A (en) * 1987-11-16 1988-10-18 General Electric Company Compact electric safety switch
US5343174A (en) * 1993-06-07 1994-08-30 Eaton Corporation Electrical circuit interrupting device with means to break welded contacts
FR2753563B1 (fr) * 1996-09-16 1998-10-16 Schneider Electric Sa Interrupteur electrique multipolaire ayant un barreau de commutation elementaire par pole
FR2788164B1 (fr) * 1998-12-30 2001-02-16 Schneider Electric Ind Sa Appareillage electrique de coupure dont un organe de contact est muni d'une fente

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2795858B1 (fr) 2001-09-14
HUP0002402A3 (en) 2002-03-28
HU223891B1 (hu) 2005-03-29
DE60032414D1 (de) 2007-02-01
CZ20002482A3 (cs) 2001-02-14
ES2277822T3 (es) 2007-08-01
PL200796B1 (pl) 2009-02-27
PL341082A1 (en) 2001-01-02
HUP0002402A2 (en) 2001-03-28
EP1065684A1 (fr) 2001-01-03
FR2795858A1 (fr) 2001-01-05
CZ300188B6 (cs) 2009-03-11
EA002857B1 (ru) 2002-10-31
EA200000602A1 (ru) 2001-02-26
DE60032414T2 (de) 2007-09-27
HU0002402D0 (en) 2000-08-28
ATE349064T1 (de) 2007-01-15

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