EP1065684A1 - Appareillage électrique de coupure dont un organe de contact est muni d'un pare étincelle - Google Patents
Appareillage électrique de coupure dont un organe de contact est muni d'un pare étincelle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1065684A1 EP1065684A1 EP00410064A EP00410064A EP1065684A1 EP 1065684 A1 EP1065684 A1 EP 1065684A1 EP 00410064 A EP00410064 A EP 00410064A EP 00410064 A EP00410064 A EP 00410064A EP 1065684 A1 EP1065684 A1 EP 1065684A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact member
- contact
- zone
- spark arrester
- fixed contact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H9/46—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using arcing horns
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
- H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
- H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
- H01H1/2041—Rotating bridge
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical switchgear, in particular a switch electric, comprising a fixed knife contact member and a movable contact member clamp.
- a conventional apparatus of this type is shown by way of illustration in FIG. 1 in the closed position, and in Figure 2 in the open position.
- a pole 110 of this apparatus comprises a fixed knife-shaped contact member 112, a movable contact member 114 pivoting and a breaking chamber 116 with separators 118.
- the movable contact member 114 has two parallel blades, only one of which is visible in the figures, and which together form a clamp.
- the two members 112, 114 are elongated and placed more or less in line with each other so that in the closed position, the two blades of the movable contact member pinch the two lateral faces of the knife.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 we have symbolized in FIGS. 1 and 2 the locations A and B of the respective contact points on the knife and on the moving contact blades.
- the ionization generated by the arc at the start of opening is sufficient for a new arc breakdown to occur following a line with the smallest distance between the two contacts, between A "and B '.
- the geometry of the pole is such that this line is located near the chamber, so that the new arc extends into it, while the first arc goes out.
- the French patent application bearing the deposit number 9816783 teaches that it is advantageous for the contact member fixed has a slot arranged between its contact area and its connection area, at proximity of its contact zone, and opening on the side of the first contact member making facing the contact area of the second contact member in the open position.
- the contact members When the contact members are in the closed position, the current lines propagate in the material of the first contact member approximately along its direction longitudinal.
- opening the effective contact surfaces between the two contacts tend to move in the opening direction, and the current lines are constraints to bypass the slot and follow a direction approximately parallel to the side of the slot located on the side of the contact area.
- the curved current lines in the first contact member are relatively stable, so that the foot of the arch has little tendency to leak towards the free end of the contact organ. Due to the movement of the head of the arc towards the end of the second contact member, which is carried out in the same manner as in the state of the technique described above, the arc generally moves away from the free end of the first contact body.
- the invention aims to eliminate the drawbacks encountered with the state of the art, and in particular to eliminate the risk of metal balls forming on the contact member mobile, without increasing the dimensions of the switch.
- an electrical switchgear in particular an electrical switch, comprising at least: a contact member fixed at elongated knife defining a longitudinal median plane and a contact zone; a movable clamp contact member comprising at least two contact blades facing each other on either side of the median plane and each moving in a plane parallel to the plane median, each of the blades comprising a contact zone, the movable contact member being able to assume a closed position in which the two blades pinch the knife of the fixed contact member, the contact zones of the blades then being in contact with the knife contact area, and an open position in which the two blades are distant from the fixed contact member, apparatus in which at least one of the blades of the movable contact member comprises a lateral arc transfer zone, located at a greater distance from the median plane than the contact zone of said blade; the apparatus further comprising a metallic spark arrester secured to the fixed contact and in electrical contact therewith, the spark arrester having an upper edge curved with a middle part located a
- the head of the arc even if it arises near the contact areas of the movable contact member, migrates rapidly towards the lateral transfer area, so that if a metal ball forms, it is at the level of this lateral zone, in a place where it cannot hinder the reclosure of the device.
- the device is symmetrical: the upper edge of the spark arrester is roughly U-shaped or V-shaped, with a middle part located a short distance away of the fixed contact member and two substantially symmetrical side parts, one of the other with respect to the median plane, located at a greater distance from the median plane and from the fixed contact.
- Each of the two blades of the movable contact member has a zone lateral arc transfer, located at a greater distance from the plane median that the zone of said blade coming into contact with the fixed contact member in position of closure, the two lateral zones of arc stagnation being approximately symmetrical to each other on each side of the median plane, so that the shortest distance between the spark arrester and the movable contact member is measured between one or other of the arc transfer zones and a corresponding zone of said arc corresponding side part of the upper edge of the plate, and that this distance is shorter than the shortest distance between the movable contact member in position opening and the fixed contact member.
- the spark arrester is made of ferromagnetic material.
- the classic electromagnetic interactions that we encounter in an electric current and a ferromagnetic material are applicable to an electric arc, which is by nature a current.
- the spark arrester forms a plate.
- the fixed contact member has two longitudinal ends, the contact zone located on the side of one of the longitudinal ends and a zone of electrical connection being located on the side of the other longitudinal end.
- Visor spark is attached to the fixed contact member in an area of the fixed contact member intermediate between the contact area and the connection area. So as soon as the current is deflected in the spark arrester, it definitively leaves the contact area.
- the fixed contact member has a transverse slot located between the contact area and the connection area, and that a lower part of the spark arrester is inserted into said slot.
- the slot has only little influence in the closed position, but as soon as the apparatus opens and the lines of curved in the fixed contact member, it lengthens the path from the connection area to the contact area by promoting the inflection of streamlines in the material of the fixed contact member in a direction parallel to slot. In doing so, it promotes the penetration of current lines into the spark arrester, despite the inevitable electrical resistance of contact between it and the knife.
- the spark arrester in the chamber allows pass the usual separators.
- the apparatus comprises a second fixed contact member at slender knife defining a longitudinal median plane coincident with that of the first fixed contact member, the movable contact member forming a bridge between the two members fixed contact.
- a switch 10 is housed in a molded insulating housing 12 and has three polar compartments 14, 16, 18.
- Each polar compartment comprises two identical fixed contact knives 20, 22 electrically connected by a bridge moving contact 24 rotating about a transverse central geometric axis 26 fixed by relative to the housing 12.
- the knives 20, 22 define a longitudinal geometric plane median 28 visible in FIGS. 6 and 7, perpendicular to this axis of rotation 26.
- the contact bridges 24 of the various compartments are connected to a common control device so that all the bridges are located simultaneously in the same angular position relative to the corresponding knives.
- the knife 20, 22 of each fixed contact member includes side of one of its longitudinal ends a bevelled part 30 forming an access ramp to a contact zone 32 and intended to cooperate with the contact bridge and, on the opposite side, a connection pad 34 intended for connection to the network.
- a transverse slit 36 partially separates the contact area 32 from the connection area 34.
- a barrier spark 40 is fixed at this slot.
- the spark arrester 40 consists of a plate 42 with a lower flange 44 comprising a fixing zone provided with notches 46 intended for fixing in the slot, and a curved upper edge 48 approximately in U or V shape, with a middle part 50 and two lateral parts 52, 54.
- the plate of the spark arrester is symmetrical about its plane and about a second plan transverse to the previous one.
- spark arrester 40 When the spark arrester 40 is mounted on the knife 20, 22, it is arranged transversely with respect to a median longitudinal plane of the knife.
- the symmetries of plate 42 allow to mount it on the knife 20, 22 either in two directions.
- the middle part 50 of the upper edge 48 is in continuity with the upper edge 55 the knife located near the slot, on the side of the slot opposite the area of contact 32.
- Each contact bridge 24 has a cage 70 serving to support two blades 56, 58 of contact maintained in a middle position by elastic means not shown.
- the two blades 56, 58 of each contact bridge 24 are identical and symmetrical, one of the other with respect to the median longitudinal plane defined by the knife.
- Each blade 56, 58 of the contact bridge has, at each of its ends, a boss 60, 62 facing the other blade and, on the opposite face, an arc transfer zone 64, 66.
- the construction and arrangement of the pole's contact members is therefore overall symmetrical about the axis 26.
- the smallest distance between the contact bridge and the assembly formed by the knife and the spark arrester is measured between the lateral edge external of the transfer zones 64, 66 and a corresponding point of the lateral part 52, 54 from the upper edge 48 of the spark arrester 40. In practice, the smallest distance is then a few millimeters, typically 2 millimeters.
- the operation of the device is then as follows. If an electric arc arises between one of the bosses 60, 62 of the contact bridge and the knife 20, 22 at the time of separation of the contacts, the streamlines in the knife material tend to bend for bypass the slot 36 in which the spark arrester is engaged, so that the foot of the arc approaches the spark arrester. This effect is accentuated by the magnetic mass constituted by the spark arrester. Gradually, the distance between the blades 56 and 58 of the contact bridge and the spark arrester 40 becomes smaller than the distance between the blades 56, 58 and the knife 20, due to the rotation of the bridge.
- the arc migrates or recloses between the spark arrester 40 and one or the other of the blades 56, 58, due to the lower resistance dielectric in this region of the chamber. Due to the symmetries of the device, the choice of one or the other blade is done relatively randomly, depending on the conditions initials. Certain involuntary asymmetries of realization can also influence the phenomenon.
- the current lines then enter the spark arrester 40 through the interface of contact between the spark arrester 40 and the knife 20.
- the arc tends to move so as to minimize energy at all times.
- the minimum energy being approximately made at all times for an arc following a line of shorter distance between the barrier spark and the bridge, the foot of the arc moves along the edge 48 of the spark arrester laterally away from the median longitudinal plane 28 of the knife and the part median 50 of the rim.
- the arch chooses one of the two sides side. This movement of the foot of the arch naturally favors a movement of the head of the arc laterally towards the face 64, 66 furthest from the median longitudinal plane 28 of the conductor 56, 58 placed on the corresponding side.
- the head of the arc does not remain durably at the level of the bosses 60, 62, which prevents the metal from melting at this place. If a fusion takes place, it is at the place where the arc is parked at the end of the opening, i.e. on the external lateral side 64 or 66 of one of the deck blades.
- the metal drop possibly formed does not interfere with the subsequent closing of the device there.
- the invention is also applicable to switches comprising a member contact block directly connected to a connection pad instead of the contact bridging connecting between them two fixed contacts.
- the shape of the spark arrester is not necessarily flat.
- the symmetries of the embodiment described above have a practical advantage in level of assembly of the switchgear, since many parts are identical (the two deck blades, two knives, two spark arrestors, etc.), and that the constraints on the direction of assembly of the parts are reduced.
Landscapes
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
- Optical Communication System (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
- Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- la figure 1, déjà commentée, représente une vue du mécanisme de l'état de la technique en position fermée ;
- la figure 2, déjà commentée, représente une vue du mécanisme de l'état de la technique en position ouverte ;
- la figure 3 représente une vue en perspective d'un interrupteur tripolaire selon l'invention ;
- la figure 4 représente une vue d'un pôle de l'interrupteur de la figure 3, en position fermée ;
- la figure 5 représente une vue du pôle de la figure 3, en position ouverte ;
- la figure 6 représente une vue en coupe selon la ligne VI-VI de la figure 4 ;
- la figure 7 représente une vue en coupe selon la ligne VII-VII de la figure 5 ;
- la figure 8 représente une vue en éclaté d'un couteau de contact fixe et d'un pare étincelle selon l'invention.
Claims (8)
- Appareillage électrique de coupure, notamment interrupteur électrique, comportant au moins :un organe de contact fixe (20, 22) à couteau longiligne définissant un plan médian (28) longitudinal et une zone de contact (32) ;un organe de contact mobile (24) à pince comportant au moins deux lames de contact (56, 58) se faisant face de part et d'autre du plan médian (28) et se déplaçant chacune dans un plan parallèle au plan médian, chacune des lames comportant une zone de contact (60, 62), l'organe de contact mobile étant apte à prendre une position de fermeture dans laquelle les deux lames (56, 58) viennent pincer le couteau (20, 22) de l'organe de contact fixe, les zones de contact (60, 62) des lames (56, 58) étant alors en contact avec la zone de contact (32) du couteau, et une position d'ouverture dans laquelle les deux lames (56, 58) sont éloignées de l'organe de contact fixe (20, 22),au moins une des lames (56, 58) de l'organe de contact mobile comporte une zone latérale de transfert de l'arc (64, 66), située à une distance plus importante par rapport au plan médian (28) que la zone de contact (60, 62) de ladite lame ;l'appareillage comporte en outre un pare étincelle (40) métallique solidaire de l'organe de contact fixe (20, 22) et en contact électrique avec celui-ci, le pare étincelle (40) ayant un rebord supérieur (48) incurvé avec une partie médiane (50) située à faible distance de l'organe de contact fixe (20, 22) et au moins une partie latérale (52, 54) située à plus grande distance du plan médian et du contact fixe, le pare étincelle étant conformé et disposé de telle manière que lorsque l'organe de contact mobile (24) est dans sa position d'ouverture, la distance la plus courte entre le pare étincelle (40) et l'organe de contact mobile (24) soit mesurée entre la zone de transfert de l'arc (64, 66) et une zone correspondante de ladite partie latérale (52, 54) du rebord supérieur de la plaque, et que cette distance soit plus faible que la plus courte distance entre l'organe de contact mobile (24) en position d'ouverture et l'organe de contact fixe (20, 22).
- Appareillage électrique de coupure selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que :le rebord supérieur (48) du pare étincelle est conformé approximativement en U ou en V, avec une partie médiane (50) située à faible distance de l'organe de contact fixe (20, 22) et deux parties latérales (52, 54) sensiblement symétriques l'une de l'autre par rapport au plan médian (28), situées à plus grande distance du plan médian (28) et du contact fixe (20, 22),chacune des deux lames (56, 58) de l'organe de contact mobile comporte une zone latérale de transfert de l'arc (64, 66), située à une distance plus importante par rapport au plan médian que la zone de ladite lame venant au contact de l'organe de contact fixe en position de fermeture, les deux zones latérales de stagnation de l'arc étant approximativement symétrique l'une par rapport à l'autre de chaque côté du plan médian,
- Appareillage électrique de coupure selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le pare étincelle (40) est en matériau ferromagnétique.
- Appareillage électrique de coupure selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le pare étincelle (40) forme une plaque.
- Appareillage électrique de coupure selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de contact fixe comporte deux extrémités longitudinales, la zone de contact (32) se trouvant du côté de l'une des extrémités longitudinales et une zone de raccordement électrique (34) étant située du côté de l'autre extrémité longitudinale, et en ce que le pare étincelle (40) est fixé à l'organe de contact fixe dans une zone de l'organe de contact fixe intermédiaire entre la zone de contact et la zone de raccordement.
- Appareillage électrique de coupure selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de contact fixe comporte une fente transversale (36) située entre la zone de contact (32) et la zone de raccordement (34), et en ce qu'une partie inférieure (46) du pare étincelle est insérée dans ladite fente.
- Appareillage électrique de coupure selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une chambre de coupure dans laquelle s'étend le pare étincelle et qui ne comporte pas de séparateurs.
- Appareillage électrique de coupure selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce quel'appareillage comporte un deuxième organe de contact fixe (20, 22) à couteau longiligne définissant un plan médian longitudinal confondu avec celui du premier organe de contact fixe,l'organe de contact mobile (24) forme un pont entre les deux organes de contact fixes.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9908730A FR2795858B1 (fr) | 1999-07-01 | 1999-07-01 | Appareillage electrique de coupure dont un organe de contact est muni d'un pare etincelle |
FR9908730 | 1999-07-01 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1065684A1 true EP1065684A1 (fr) | 2001-01-03 |
EP1065684B1 EP1065684B1 (fr) | 2006-12-20 |
Family
ID=9547776
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00410064A Expired - Lifetime EP1065684B1 (fr) | 1999-07-01 | 2000-06-19 | Appareillage électrique de coupure dont un organe de contact est muni d'un pare étincelle |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1065684B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE349064T1 (fr) |
CZ (1) | CZ300188B6 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60032414T2 (fr) |
EA (1) | EA002857B1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2277822T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2795858B1 (fr) |
HU (1) | HU223891B1 (fr) |
PL (1) | PL200796B1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2013890B1 (fr) * | 2006-05-01 | 2016-08-17 | Siemens Industry, Inc. | Systeme et procede pour etablir une derivation dans un disjoncteur |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2639354A (en) * | 1950-10-07 | 1953-05-19 | Gen Electric | Electric circuit breaker |
FR1571527A (fr) * | 1968-05-10 | 1969-06-20 | ||
DE7015884U (de) * | 1970-04-28 | 1971-06-24 | Siemens Ag | Lichtbogenloeschvorrichtung fuer leistungsschalter. |
DE1765050A1 (de) * | 1968-03-26 | 1971-07-01 | Degussa | Elektrische Kontakt- oder Elektrodenanordnung zur ortsfesten Stabilisierung der Lichtbogenfusspunkte und zur Verringerung der Abbrandverluste |
EP0100699A1 (fr) * | 1982-07-13 | 1984-02-15 | Merlin Gerin | Interrupteur électrique multipolaire à basse tension et à haute tenue électrodynamique |
EP0222684A1 (fr) * | 1985-11-06 | 1987-05-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Montage de contacts pour interrupteur à charge à basse tension avec des contacts principaux et des contacts d'amorçage d'arc |
US4778961A (en) * | 1987-11-16 | 1988-10-18 | General Electric Company | Compact electric safety switch |
US5886311A (en) * | 1996-09-16 | 1999-03-23 | Schneider Electric Sa | Multipole electrical switch having one elementary switching bar per pole |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1158351A (en) * | 1967-01-30 | 1969-07-16 | Baldwin & Francis Holdings Ltd | Electrical Circuit Interrupters. |
US5343174A (en) * | 1993-06-07 | 1994-08-30 | Eaton Corporation | Electrical circuit interrupting device with means to break welded contacts |
FR2788164B1 (fr) * | 1998-12-30 | 2001-02-16 | Schneider Electric Ind Sa | Appareillage electrique de coupure dont un organe de contact est muni d'une fente |
-
1999
- 1999-07-01 FR FR9908730A patent/FR2795858B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-06-19 ES ES00410064T patent/ES2277822T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-19 EP EP00410064A patent/EP1065684B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-19 AT AT00410064T patent/ATE349064T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-06-19 DE DE60032414T patent/DE60032414T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-23 HU HU0002402A patent/HU223891B1/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-06-29 PL PL341082A patent/PL200796B1/pl unknown
- 2000-06-30 CZ CZ20002482A patent/CZ300188B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-06-30 EA EA200000602A patent/EA002857B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2639354A (en) * | 1950-10-07 | 1953-05-19 | Gen Electric | Electric circuit breaker |
DE1765050A1 (de) * | 1968-03-26 | 1971-07-01 | Degussa | Elektrische Kontakt- oder Elektrodenanordnung zur ortsfesten Stabilisierung der Lichtbogenfusspunkte und zur Verringerung der Abbrandverluste |
FR1571527A (fr) * | 1968-05-10 | 1969-06-20 | ||
DE7015884U (de) * | 1970-04-28 | 1971-06-24 | Siemens Ag | Lichtbogenloeschvorrichtung fuer leistungsschalter. |
EP0100699A1 (fr) * | 1982-07-13 | 1984-02-15 | Merlin Gerin | Interrupteur électrique multipolaire à basse tension et à haute tenue électrodynamique |
EP0222684A1 (fr) * | 1985-11-06 | 1987-05-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Montage de contacts pour interrupteur à charge à basse tension avec des contacts principaux et des contacts d'amorçage d'arc |
US4778961A (en) * | 1987-11-16 | 1988-10-18 | General Electric Company | Compact electric safety switch |
US5886311A (en) * | 1996-09-16 | 1999-03-23 | Schneider Electric Sa | Multipole electrical switch having one elementary switching bar per pole |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2013890B1 (fr) * | 2006-05-01 | 2016-08-17 | Siemens Industry, Inc. | Systeme et procede pour etablir une derivation dans un disjoncteur |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2795858A1 (fr) | 2001-01-05 |
ES2277822T3 (es) | 2007-08-01 |
HU223891B1 (hu) | 2005-03-29 |
CZ20002482A3 (cs) | 2001-02-14 |
CZ300188B6 (cs) | 2009-03-11 |
HUP0002402A3 (en) | 2002-03-28 |
DE60032414D1 (de) | 2007-02-01 |
PL200796B1 (pl) | 2009-02-27 |
EA002857B1 (ru) | 2002-10-31 |
EA200000602A1 (ru) | 2001-02-26 |
PL341082A1 (en) | 2001-01-02 |
DE60032414T2 (de) | 2007-09-27 |
HU0002402D0 (en) | 2000-08-28 |
HUP0002402A2 (en) | 2001-03-28 |
EP1065684B1 (fr) | 2006-12-20 |
ATE349064T1 (de) | 2007-01-15 |
FR2795858B1 (fr) | 2001-09-14 |
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Legal Events
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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