Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0004—Non aqueous liquid compositions comprising insoluble particles
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
  • C11D3/386—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase
  • C11D3/38636—Preparations containing enzymes, e.g. protease or amylase containing enzymes other than protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase, oxidase or reductase
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
  • C11D3/3942—Inorganic per-compounds

Definitions

• the present invention relates to non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions comprising a borate-releasing compound and a mannanase enzyme.
• Bleaching agents and in particular, perborate and percarbonate bleaching agents are commonly used by the detergent industry. These peroxygen bleach system are well-known in the art as detergent additives that provide available oxygen via a hydrogen peroxide release mechanism.
• Percarbonate is broadly used in detergent products due to its high performance and its attractive cost. However, it has been surprisingly found that in the specific context of non-aqueous liquid detergent formulation, percarbonate has a low chemical stability and high sensitivity to free moisture, compared to perborate. Moreover, it has been surprisingly found that if bleach activators are encompassed in such compositions, they are more stable in presence of perborate than in presence of percarbonate.
• Food and cosmetic stains/soils represent the majority of consumer relevant stains/soils and often comprise food additives such as thickener / stabiliser agents. Indeed, hydrocolloids gums and emulsifiers are commonly used food additives.
• the term "gum” denotes a group of industrially useful polysaccharides (long chain polymer) or their derivatives that hydrate in hot or cold water to from viscous solutions, dispersions or gels. Gums are classified as natural and modified. Natural gums include seaweed extracts, plant extrudates, gums from seed or root, and gums obtained by microbial fermentation.
• Modified (semisynthetic) gums include cellulose and starch derivatives and certain synthetic gums such as low methoxyl pectin, propylene glycol alginate, and carboxymethyl and hydropropyl guar gum (Gums in Encyclopedia Chemical Technology 4 th Ed. Vol. 12, pp842-862, J. Baird, Kelco division of Merck). See also Carbohydrate Chemistry for Food Engineers (Eagan Press - 1997) by R. L. Whistler and J.N. BeMiller, Chap 4, pp63-89 and Direct Food Additives in Fruit Processing by P. Laslo, Bioprinciples and Applications, Vol1, Chapter II, pp313-325 (1996) Technomie publishing.
• guar gum E412
• locust bean E410
• Some of these gums such as guar gum (E412), locust bean (E410) are widely used alone or in combinations in many food applications (Gums in ECT 4 th Ed., Vol. 12 pp842-862, J. Baird, Kelco division of Merck).
• the guar gum used in these food and cosmetic stains is obtained from the seed endosperm of the leguminous plant Cyamopsis tetragonoloba.
• the guar gum (also called guaran) extracted from the dicotyledonous seed is composed of a 1-4, b-D-mannopyranosyl unit backbone and is used as a thickening agent in dressing and frozen products and cosmetics (H.-D. Belitz, Food Chemistry pp 243, English version of the second edition, Springer-verlag, 1987, ISBN 0-387-15043-9 (US)) & (Carbohydrate Chemistry for Food Principles, R.L.
• the locust bean gum (also called carob bean gum or St Jon's bread) is also used in the food industry and is extracted from the seed of an evergreen cultivated in the Mediterranean area.
• the locust bean gum probably differs from the structure of guar gum only in smaller number of D-galactosyl side chains and have the same 1-4, b-D-mannopyranosyl backbone.
• water-soluble galactomanann is the main storage carbohydrate, comprising up to 20% of the total dry weight in some cases.
• Galactomannan has a ⁇ -galactose linked to O-6 of mannose residues and it can also be acetylated to various degree on O-2 and O-3 of the mannose residues.
• a borate-releasing compound and a mannanase are compatible and highly efficient when encompassed in a non-aqueous laundry liquid detergent, at a very specific ratio.
• Such non-aqueous laundry liquid detergent with a balanced system of borate-releasing compound and mannanase shows excellent chemical stability upon storage, provides an excellent removal of difficult stains such as food and cosmetic stains comprising mannans, in particular at low temperatures.
• These compositions provide as well effective dingy cleaning and whiteness maintenance.
• non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions of the present invention when further comprising a bleach catalyst and/or another detergent enzyme, provide an even better stain/soil performance and in particular is especially effective on such food and cosmetic stains/soil as well on colored stains/soils.
• stains / soils are often difficult to remove effectively from a soiled item.
• Highly colored stains and soils i.e. derived from fruit and/or vegetables are particularly challenging soils to remove.
• This stains and soils contain color-bodies based on carotenoids compounds such as ⁇ -, ⁇ - and ⁇ -carotene and lycopene and xanthophyls, on porphyrins such as chlorophyll and on flavonoid pigments and dye components.
• This latter group of natural flavonoid based dye components comprises the highly coloured anthocyanins dyes and pigments based on pelargonidin, cyanidin, delphidin and their methyl esters and the antoxanthins.
• cyanidin are present in up to 80% of the pigmented leaves, in up to 70% of fruits and in up to 50% of flowers.
• Specific examples of such soils would include tea, coffee, spices such as curry and paprika, orange, tomato, banana, tea, mango, broccoli, carrot, beetroot, spinach soils and grass.
• Ball pens' ink are also known to be highly difficult coloured stains to be removed.
• Mannanases have been identified in several Bacillus organisms. For example, Talbot et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol., vol. 56, No. 11, pp. 3505-3510 (1990) describes a ⁇ -mannanase derived from Bacillus stearothermophilus in dimer form having a MW of 162 kDa and an optimum pH of 5.5-7.5. Mendoza et al., World J. Micobio. Boitech., vol. 10, no. 5, pp.
• J0304706 discloses a ⁇ -mannanase derived from Bacillus sp. having a MW of 37+/- 3kDa measured by gel filtration, an optimum pH of 8-10 and a pl of 5.3-5.4.
• J63056289 describes the production of an alkaline, thermostable ⁇ -mannase, which hydrolyses ⁇ -1,4-D-mannopyranoside bonds of e.g. mannans and produces manno:oligo:saccharides.
• J63036774 relates to a Bacillus micro-organism FERM P-8856 which produces ⁇ -mannanase and ⁇ -mannosidase, at an alkaline pH.
• WO91/18974 describes an hemicellulase such as a glucanase, xylanase or mannanase, active at extreme pH and temperature and the production thereof.
• W094/25576 describes an enzyme exhibiting a mannanase activity derived from Aspergillus aculeatus CBS 101.43, that might be used for various purposes for which degradation or modification of plant or algae cell wall material is desired.
• W093/24622 discloses a mannanase isolated from Trichoderma reesie for bleaching lignocellulosic pulps.
• Non-aqueous bleach- and enzyme-containing liquid laundry compositions are well known in the art such as exemplified by : WO96/10073 which describes non-aqueous liquid heavy duty liquid detergent composition in the form of a suspension of solids, comprising nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, particles of peroxygen bleach, non-aqueous low polarity solvent, particles of bleach activator and enzymes prills; EP 365 415 which discloses stable non-aqueous liquid detergent composition comprising suspended particles on nonionic surfactants, builders, an amphiphilic carboxy-containing polymer, a bleaching agent and enzymes; DE 37 29 565 which describes a liquid strongly foaming detergent composition comprising a specific nonionic surfactant, a suspension of insoluble inorganic builder and other components such as enzymes; DE 37 28 256 which describes a non-aqueous liquid composition with bleach, comprising a liquid nonionic surfactant, a agent preventing the gelling and controlling the viscosity, a
• the present invention relates to a non-aqueous liquid detergent composition
• a non-aqueous liquid detergent composition comprising a borate-releasing compound and a mannanase enzyme, wherein the weight ratio of borate (calculated as NaBO 3 ) to pure mannanase enzyme is comprised between 250:1 and 20,000:1; preferably between 1,000:1 and 10,000:1; more preferably between 2,000:1 and 7,000:1.
• the present invention provides a non-aqueous liquid detergent composition
• a non-aqueous liquid detergent composition comprising a stable suspension of solid, substantially insoluble particulate material dispersed throughout a non-aqueous, surfactant-containing liquid phase.
• Such composition preferably comprises from 49% to 99.95% by weight of the composition of a surfactant-containing, more preferably structured, non-aqueous liquid phase; a borate-releasing compound and a mannanase enzyme; wherein the weight ratio of borate to pure mannanase is comprised between 250:1 and 20,000:1; preferably between 1,000:1 and 10,000:1; more preferably between 2,000:1 and 7,000:1.
• the borate-releasing compound of the present invention is usually in the particulate form.
• the compositions of the present invention preferably comprise from 1% to 50%, more preferably from 30% to 44% by weight of the composition of insoluble particulate material, including the borate-releasing compound of the present invention, which ranges in size from 0.1 to 1500 microns.
• the particulate material is preferably substantially insoluble in the liquid phase and other particulate material can be selected from other bleaching agent, bleach activators, organic detergent builders, inorganic alkalinity sources, colored speckles and combinations thereof.
• the structured, surfactant-containing liquid phase is preferably formed by combining: i) from 1 % to 80% by weight of said liquid phase of one or more non-aqueous organic diluents; and ii) from 20% to 99% by weight of said liquid phase of a surfactant selected from anionic, nonionic and cationic surfactants and combinations thereof.
• non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions of the present invention will further comprise a bleach catalyst and/or other detergent enzymes.
• the present invention relates to a non-aqueous liquid detergent composition
• a non-aqueous liquid detergent composition comprising a borate-releasing compound and a mannanase enzyme, wherein the weight ratio of borate (calculated as NaBO 3 ) to pure mannanase enzyme is comprised between 250:1 and 20,000:1; preferably between 1,000:1 and 10,000:1; more preferably between 2,000:1 and 7,000:1.
• the detergent compositions of the present invention provide excellent cleaning performance on food and cosmetic stains/soils whilst maintaining high chemical stability of the detergent ingredients. These compositions provide as well effective dingy cleaning and whiteness maintenance.
• the gums and high molecule weight polysaccharide materials contained in the stains/soil form a network of the polymeric filament type.
• the borate ions cross-link these polymeric filaments together via the hydroxy groups present within these filaments, resulting in a highly linked and viscous network.
• the mannanase enzyme is believed to hydrolyze this polymeric network, thereby reducing its molecular weight and viscosity and hence facilitating its removal.
• the ratio of the borate, coming from the dissolution of the borate-releasing compound over the mannanase enzyme, is believed to be key as the cross-linking effect of the borate-releasing compound needs to be properly balanced with the enzymatic hydrolysis of the mannanase to achieve the optimum cleaning performance. It has been found that such borate / mannanase ratio within the non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions of the present invention, maximise the performance of both ingredients and provide full bleaching performance as well as full enzymatic performance.
• the non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions of the present invention will further comprise other enzymes to boost the cleaning performance of the compositions of the present invention on food and cosmetic stains/soils.
• the non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions of the present invention will preferably further comprise a bleach catalyst to provide further cleaning performance on hydrophobic bleachable colored stains/soils.
• the first essential element of the non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions of the present invention is a mannanase enzyme.
• a mannanase enzyme Encompassed in the present invention are the following three mannans-degrading enzymes : EC 3.2.1.25 : ⁇ -mannosidase, EC 3.2.1.78 : Endo-1,4- ⁇ -mannosidase, referred therein after as "mannanase” and EC 3.2.1.100 : 1,4- ⁇ -mannobiosidase (IUPAC Classification- Enzyme nomenclature, 1992 ISBN 0-12-227165-3 Academic Press).
• the detergent compositions of the present invention comprise a ⁇ -1,4-Mannosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.78) referred to as "Mannanase".
• Mannanase a ⁇ -1,4-Mannosidase
• the term “mannanase” or “galactomannanase” denotes a mannanase enzyme defined according to the art as officially being named mannan endo-1,4-beta-mannosidase and having the alternative names beta-mannanase and endo-1,4-mannanase and catalysing the reaction: random hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-D-mannosidic linkages in mannans, galactomannans, glucomannans, and galactoglucomannans.
• mannanases (EC 3.2.1.78) constitute a group of polysaccharases which degrade mannans and denote enzymes which are capable of cleaving polyose chains contaning mannose units, i.e. are capable of cleaving glycosidic bonds in mannans, glucomannans, galactomannans and galactogluco-mannans.
• Mannans are polysaccharides having a backbone composed of ⁇ -1,4- linked mannose; glucomannans are polysaccharides having a backbone or more or less regularly alternating ⁇ -1,4 linked mannose and glucose; galactomannans and galactoglucomannans are mannans and glucomannans with ⁇ -1,6 linked galactose sidebranches. These compounds may be acetylated.
• the degradation of galactomannans and galactoglucomannans is facilitated by full or partial removal of the galactose sidebranches. Further the degradation of the acetylated mannans, glucomannans, galactomannans and galactogluco-mannans is facilitated by full or partial deacetylation. Acetyl groups can be removed by alkali or by mannan acetylesterases.
• the oligomers which are released from the mannanases or by a combination of mannanases and ⁇ -galactosidase and/or mannan acetyl esterases can be further degraded to release free maltose by ⁇ -mannosidase and/or ⁇ -glucosidase.
• Mannanases have been identified in several Bacillus organisms. For example, Talbot et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol., Vol.56, No. 11, pp. 3505-3510 (1990) describes a beta-mannanase derived from Bacillus stearothermophilus in dimer form having molecular weight of 162 kDa and an optimum pH of 5.5-7.5. Mendoza et al., World J. Microbiol. Biotech., Vol. 10, No. 5, pp. 551-555 (1994) describes a beta-mannanase derived from Bacillus subtilis having a molecular weight of 38 kDa, an optimum activity at pH 5.0 and 55C and a pl of 4.8.
• JP-03047076 discloses a beta-mannanase derived from Bacillus sp., having a molecular wgt. of 373 kDa measured by gel filtration, an optimum pH of 8-10 and a pl of 5.3-5.4.
• JP-63056289 describes the production of an alkaline, thermostable beta-mannanase which hydrolyses beta-1,4-D-mannopyranoside bonds of e.g. mannans and produces manno-oligosaccharides.
• JP-63036774 relates to the Bacillus microorganism FERM P-8856 which produces beta-mannanase and beta-mannosidase at an alkaline pH.
• JP-08051975 discloses alkaline beta-mannanases from alkalophilic Bacillus sp. AM-001.
• a purified mannanase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens useful in the bleaching of pulp and paper and a method of preparation thereof is disclosed in WO 97/11164.
• WO 91/18974 describes a hemicellulase such as a glucanase, xylanase or mannanase active at an extreme pH and temperature.
• WO 94/25576 discloses an enzyme from Aspergillus aculeatus, CBS 101.43, exhibiting mannanase activity which may be useful for degradation or modification of plant or algae cell wall material.
• WO 93/24622 discloses a mannanase isolated from Trichoderma reseei useful for bleaching lignocellulosic pulps.
• An hemicellulase capable of degrading mannan-containing hemicellulose is described in WO91/18974 and a purified mannanase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is described in WO97/11164.
• the mannanase enzyme will be an alkaline mannanase as defined below, more preferably, a mannanase originating from a bacterial source.
• the compositions of the present invention will comprise an alkaline mannanase selected from the mannanase from the strain Bacillus agaradhaerens NICMB 40482; the mannanase from Bacillus subtilis strain 168, gene yght; the mannanase from Bacillus sp. 1633; the mannanase from Bacillus sp. AAI12 and/or the mannanase from the strain Bacillus halodurans.
• Most preferred mannanase for the inclusion in the detergent compositions of the present invention is the mannanase enzyme originating from Bacillus sp. 1633 as described in the co-pending Danish application No. PA 1998 01340.
• alkaline mannanase enzyme is meant to encompass an enzyme having an enzymatic activity of at least 10%, preferably at least 25%, more preferably at least 40% of its maximum activity at a given pH ranging from 7 to 12, preferably 7.5 to 10.5.
• a first more preferred mannanase for use in the present invention is the alkaline mannanase from Bacillus agaradhaerens NICMB 40482 which is described in the co-pending U.S. patent application serial No. 09/111,256. More specifically, this mannanase is:
• the plasmid pBXM1 comprising the polynucleotide molecule (the DNA sequence) encoding a mannanase of the present invention has been transformed into a strain of the Escherichia coli which was deposited by the inventors according to the Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure at the Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Mascheroder Weg 1b, D-38124 Braunschweig, Federal Republic of Germany, on 7 October 1998 under the deposition number DSM 12433.
• a preferred leaving group is phenol sulfonate.
• Preferred examples of bleach activators of the above formulae include (6-octanamido-caproyl)oxybenzenesulfonate, (6-nonanamidocaproyl) oxybenzenesulfonate, (6-decanamido-caproyl)oxybenzenesulfonate and mixtures thereof as described in the hereinbefore referenced U.S. Patent 4,634,551. Such mixtures are characterized herein as (6-C 8 -C 10 alkamidocaproyl)oxybenzenesulfonate.
• Another class of useful bleach activators comprises the benzoxazin-type activators disclosed by Hodge et al. in U.S.
• bleach activators when agglomerated with certain acids such as citric acid, are more chemically stable.
• the alkoxylated fatty alcohol materials useful in the liquid phase will frequently have a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) which ranges from 3 to 17. More preferably, the HLB of this material will range from 6 to 15, most preferably from 8 to 15.
• HLB hydrophilic-lipophilic balance
• fatty alcohol alkoxylates useful in or as the non-aqueous liquid phase of the compositions herein will include those which are made from alcohols of 12 to 15 carbon atoms and which contain 7 moles of ethylene oxide. Such materials have been commercially marketed under the trade names Neodol 25-7 and Neodol 23-6.5 by Shell Chemical Company.
• Non-aqueous surfactant liquid which may be utilized in this invention are the ethylene oxide (EO) - propylene oxide (PO) block polymers.
• Materials of this type are well known nonionic surfactants which have been marketed under the tradename Pluronic. These materials are formed by adding blocks of ethylene oxide moieties to the ends of polypropylene glycol chains to adjust the surface active properties of the resulting block polymers.
• Pluronic type nonionic surfactants are described in greater detail in Davidsohn and Milwidsky; Synthetic Detergents, 7th Ed. ; Longman Scientific and Technical (1987) at pp. 34-36 and pp. 189-191 and in U.S. Patents 2,674,619 and 2,677,700. All of these publications are incorporated herein by reference.
• Pluronic type nonionic surfactants are also believed to function as effective suspending agents for the particulate material which is dispersed in the liquid phase of the detergent compositions herein.
• a preferred type of non-aqueous, low-polarity solvent for use herein comprises the mono-, di-, tri-, or tetra- C 2 -C 3 alkylene glycol mono C 2 -C 6 alkyl ethers.
• the specific examples of such compounds include diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, tetraethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropolyene glycol monoethyl ether, and dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether.
• Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether and butoxy-propoxy-propanol (BPP) are especially preferred.
• Compounds of the type have been commercially marketed under the tradenames Dowanol, Carbitol, and Cellosolve.
• Preferred structuring surfactants are the anionic surfactants such as the alkyl sulfates, the alkyl polyalkxylate sulfates and the linear alkyl benzene sulfonates.
• Another common type of anionic surfactant material which may be optionally added to the detergent compositions herein as structurant comprises carboxylate-type anionics.
• Carboxylate-type anionics include the C 10 -C 18 alkyl alkoxy carboxylates (especially the EO 1 to 5 ethoxycarboxylates) and the C 10 -C 18 sarcosinates, especially oleoyl sarcosinate.
• Conventional secondary alkyl sulfates may also be utilized as a structuring anionic surfactant for the liquid phase of the compositions herein.
• Conventional secondary alkyl sulfate surfactants are those materials which have the sulfate moiety distributed randomly along the hydrocarbyl "backbone" of the molecule. Such materials may be depicted by the structure: CH 3 (CH 2 ) n (CHOSO 3 - M + ) (CH 2 ) m CH 3 wherein m and n are integers of 2 or greater and the sum of m + n is typically 9 to 15, and M is a water-solubilizing cation.
• alkyl polyalkoxylate sulfates are also known as alkoxylated alkyl sulfates or alkyl ether sulfates.
• Such materials are those which correspond to the formula R 2 -O-(C m H 2m O) n -SO 3 M wherein R 2 is a C 10 -C 22 alkyl group, m is from 2 to 4, n is from 1 to 15, and M is a salt-forming cation.
• this preferred anionic surfactant-containing powder which can be dispersed in the non-aqueous liquid phase of the preferred compositions herein and which forms a network of aggregated small particles that allows the final product to stably suspend other additional solid particulate materials in the composition.
• the anionic surfactant-containing powder that results after drying can comprise from 45% to 94%, more preferably from 60% to 94%, by weight of the powder of alkyl benzene sulfonic acid salts. Such concentrations are generally sufficient to provide from 0.5% to 60%, more preferably from 15% to 60%, by weight of the total detergent composition that is eventually prepared, of the alkyl benzene sulfonic acid salts.
• the anionic surfactant-containing powder itself can comprise from 0.45% to 45% by weight of the total composition that is eventually prepared.
• the anionic surfactant-containing powder will also generally contain from 2% to 50%, more preferably from 2% to 25% by weight of the powder of the non-surfactant salts.
• non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions of the present invention will be used, that is, transported and stored, at temperatures in the range of from 4°C to 35°C. It is especially important that these detergent compositions remain pourable within this temperature range.
• the non-aqueous, liquid, heavy-duty detergent compositions of the present invention will preferably comprise from 0.1% to 10%, preferably 0.5% to 5%, and most preferably 0.5% to 3%, by weight of the detergent composition, an ethoxylated quaternized amine clay material.
• ethoxylated quaternized amine clay materials for use in the present invention are those having the general formula: wherein x is from 10 to 14, y is from 12 to 16, and from 16% to 24% of the nitrogens are quaternized.
• Materials of this general structure are often referred to as a "PEI” because they are polyethylenimine based materials.
• Preferred PEI compounds for use in the present invention have an average molecular weight of from 400 to 800, more preferably the molecular weight is 600.
• non-aqueous detergent compositions herein also preferably comprise from 1 % to 50% by weight, more preferably from 30% to 44% by weight, of additional solid phase particulate material which is dispersed and suspended within the liquid phase, including the borate-releasing compound of the present invention.
• such particulate material will range in size from 0.1 to 1500 microns, more preferably from 0.1 to 900 microns. Most preferably, such material will range in size from 5 to 200 microns.
• the additional particulate material utilized herein can comprise one or more types of detergent composition components which in particulate form are substantially insoluble in the non-aqueous liquid phase of the composition.
• the types of particulate materials which can be utilized are described in detail as follows:
• the non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions of the present invention can comprise in addition to the borate-releasing compound, another bleaching agent.
• the most preferred type of particulate material useful in the detergent compositions herein comprises particles of a peroxygen bleaching agent.
• peroxygen bleaching agents may be organic or inorganic in nature. Inorganic peroxygen bleaching agents are frequently utilized in combination with a bleach activator as described above.
• Useful organic peroxygen bleaching agents include percarboxylic acid bleaching agents and salts thereof. Suitable examples of this class of agents include magnesium monoperoxyphthalate hexahydrate, the magnesium salt of metachloro perbenzoic acid, 4-nonylamino-4-oxoperoxybutyric acid and diperoxydodecanedioic acid.
• Such bleaching agents are disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,483,781, Hartman, Issued November 20, 1984; European Patent Application EP-A-133,354, Banks et al., Published February 20, 1985; and U.S. Patent 4,412,934, Chung et al., Issued November 1, 1983.
• Highly preferred bleaching agents also include 6-nonylamino-6-oxoperoxycaproic acid (NAPAA) as described in U.S. Patent 4,634,551, Issued January 6, 1987 to Burns et el.
• NAPAA 6-nonylamino-6-oxoperoxycaproic acid
• Inorganic peroxygen bleaching agents may also be used in particulate form in the detergent compositions herein. Inorganic bleaching agents are in fact preferred. Such inorganic peroxygen compounds include alkali metal percarbonate materials. Suitable inorganic bleaching agents can also include sodium or potassium carbonate peroxyhydrate and equivalent "percarbonate" bleaches, sodium pyrophosphate peroxyhydrate, urea peroxyhydrate, and sodium peroxide. Persulfate bleach (e.g., OXONE, manufactured commercially by DuPont) can also be used. Frequently inorganic peroxygen bleaches will be coated with silicate, borate, sulfate or water-soluble surfactants. For example, coated percarbonate particles are available from various commercial sources such as FMC, Solvay Interox, Tokai Denka and Degussa.
• suitable organic builders include the higher molecular weight polymers and copolymers known to have builder properties.
• such materials include appropriate polyacrylic acid, polymaleic acid, and polyacrylic/polymaleic acid copolymers and their salts, such as those sold by BASF under the Sokalan trademark which have molecular weight ranging from 5,000 to 100,000.
• insoluble organic detergent builders can generally comprise from 2% to 20% by weight of the compositions herein. More preferably, such builder material can comprise from 4% to 10% by weight of the composition.
• additional particulate material which can be suspended in the non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions herein can comprise a material which serves to render aqueous washing solutions formed from such compositions generally alkaline in nature.
• Such materials may or may not also act as detergent builders, i.e., as materials which counteract the adverse effect of water hardness on detergency performance.
• alkalinity sources include water-soluble alkali metal carbonates, bicarbonates, silicates and metasilicates.
• water-soluble phosphate salts may also be utilized as alkalinity sources. These include alkali metal pyrophosphates, orthophosphates, polyphosphates and phosphonates. Of all of these alkalinity sources, alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate are the most preferred.
• the alkalinity source if in the form of a hydratable salt, may also serve as a desiccant in the non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions herein.
• the presence of an alkalinity source which is also a desiccant may provide benefits in terms of chemically stabilizing those composition components such as the peroxygen bleaching agent which may be susceptible to deactivation by water.
• the alkalinity source will generally comprise from 1% to 25% by weight of the compositions herein. More preferably, the alkalinity source can comprise from 2% to 15% by weight of the composition. Such materials, while water-soluble, will generally be insoluble in the non-aqueous detergent compositions herein. Thus such materials will generally be dispersed in the non-aqueous liquid phase in the form of discrete particles.
• the non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions herein also essentially contain from 0.05% to 2%, more preferably 0.1% to 1%, of the composition of colored speckles.
• Such colored speckles themselves are combinations of a conventional dye or pigment material with a certain kind of carrier material that imparts specific characteristics to the speckles.
• "colored" speckles are those which have a color that is visibly distinct from the color of the liquid detergent composition in which they are dispersed.
• Dye or pigment material can be combined with a specific type of carrier material to form the colored speckles for use in the detergent compositions herein.
• the carrier material is selected to impart to the speckles certain specific density and solubility characteristics.
• Materials which have been found to be suitable as carriers for the colored speckles include polyacrylates; polysaccharides such as starches, celluloses, gums and derivatives thereof; and polyethylene glycols.
• Especially preferred carrier material comprises polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight from 4,000 to 20,000, more preferably from 4,000 to 10,000.
• the colored speckles produced in this manner will generally range in size from 400 to 1,500 microns, more preferably from 400 to 1,200 microns.
• Speckles made from the carrier materials specified will have a density less than 1.4 g/cc, preferably from 1.0 to 1.4 g/cc.
• Such speckles will also be substantially insoluble in the non-aqueous liquid phase of the liquid detergent compositions herein.
• the colored speckles can be stably suspended in the non-aqueous matrix of the liquid detergent compositions of this invention without dissolving therein.
• Such speckles rapidly dissolve in the aqueous wash liquors prepared from the liquid detergent compositions herein.
• the detergent compositions herein can, and preferably will, contain various other optional components.
• Such optional components may be in either liquid or solid form.
• the optional components may either dissolve in the liquid phase or may be dispersed within the liquid phase in the form of fine particles or droplets.
• the detergent compositions herein may also optionally contain one or more types of inorganic detergent builders beyond those listed hereinbefore that also function as alkalinity sources.
• optional inorganic builders can include, for example, aluminosilicates such as zeolites. Aluminosilicate zeolites, and their use as detergent builders are more fully discussed in Corkill et al., U.S. Patent No. 4,605,509; Issued August 12, 1986, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Also crystalline layered silicates, such as those discussed in this '509 U.S. patent, are also suitable for use in the detergent compositions herein. If utilized, optional inorganic detergent builders can comprise from 2% to 15% by weight of the compositions herein.
• the detergent compositions herein will preferably comprise one or more types of detergent enzymes other than the mannanase. More preferably, the detergent compositions of the present invention will comprise another detergent enzyme selected from a cellulase, a protease and/or an amylase. It has been surprisingly found that the compositions of the present invention further comprising another detergent enzyme, provide superior food and cosmetic stains/soils removal.
• the enzyme may be incorporated into the non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions herein in the form of suspensions, "marumes” or “prills".
• Another suitable type of enzyme comprises those in the form of slurries of enzymes in nonionic surfactants, e.g., the enzymes marketed by Novo Nordisk under the tradename "SL” or the microencapsulated enzymes marketed by Novo Nordisk under the tradename "LDP.”
• the other detergent enzymes are generally incorporated in the detergent compositions of the present invention a level of from 0.0001% to 0.2%, preferably from 0.001% to 0.05%, more preferably '-om 0.005% to 0.1% pure enzyme by weight of the composition.
• the cellulases usable in the present invention include both bacterial or fungal cellulases. Preferably, they will have a pH optimum of between 5 and 12 and a specific activity above 50 CEVU/mg (Cellulose Viscosity Unit).
• Suitable cellulases are disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,435,307, Barbesgoard et al, J61078384 and W096/02653 which discloses fungal cellulase produced respectively from Humicola insolens, Trichoderma, Thielavia and Sporotrichum.
• EP 739 982 describes cellulases isolated from novel Bacillus species. Suitable cellulases are also disclosed in GB-A-2.075.028; GB-A-2.095.275; DE-OS-2.247.832 and W095/26398.
• cellulases examples include cellulases produced by a strain of Humicola insolens (Humicola grisea var. thermoidea), particularly the Humicola strain DSM 1800.
• Suitable cellulases are cellulases originated from Humicola insolens having a molecular weight of about 50KDa, an isoelectric point of 5.5 and containing 415 amino acids; and a ⁇ 43kD endoglucanase derived from Humicola insolens, DSM 1800, exhibiting cellulase activity; a preferred endoglucanase component has the amino acid sequence disclosed in PCT Patent Application No. WO 91/17243.
• suitable cellulases are the EGIII cellulases from Trichoderma longibrachiatum described in W094/21801, Genencor, published September 29, 1994. Especially suitable cellulases are the cellulases having color care benefits.
• cellulases examples include cellulases described in European patent application No. 91202879.2, filed November 6, 1991 (Novo). Carezyme and Celluzyme (Novo Nordisk A/S) are especially useful. See also WO91/17244 and WO91/21801. Other suitable cellulases for fabric care and/or cleaning properties are described in WO96/34092, WO96/17994 and WO95/24471.
• Suitable proteases are the subtilisins which are obtained from particular strains of B. subtilis and B. licheniformis (subtilisin BPN and BPN').
• One suitable protease is obtained from a strain of Bacillus, having maximum activity throughout the pH range of 8-12, developed and sold as ESPERASE® by Novo Industries A/S of Denmark, hereinafter "Novo". The preparation of this enzyme and analogous enzymes is described in GB 1,243,784 to Novo.
• proteases include ALCALASE®, DURAZYM® and SAVINASE® from Novo and MAXATASE®, MAXACAL®, PROPERASE® and MAXAPEM® (protein engineered Maxacal) from Gist-Brocades.
• Enzymatic detergents comprising protease, one or more other enzymes, and a reversible protease inhibitor are described in WO 92/03529 A to Novo.
• a protease having decreased adsorption and increased hydrolysis is available as described in WO 95/07791 to Procter & Gamble.
• a recombinant trypsin-like protease for detergents suitable herein is described in WO 94/25583 to Novo.
• Other suitable proteases are described in EP 516 200 by Unilever.
• Proteolytic enzymes also encompass modified bacterial serine proteases, such as those described in European Patent Application Serial Number 87 303761.8, filed April 28, 1987 (particularly pages 17, 24 and 98), and which is called herein "Protease B", and in European Patent Application 199,404, Venegas, published October 29, 1986, which refers to a modified bacterial serine protealytic enzyme which is called "Protease A” herein.
• Protease C is a variant of an alkaline serine protease from Bacillus in which lysine replaced arginine at position 27, tyrosine replaced valine at position 104, serine replaced asparagine at position 123, and alanine replaced threonine at position 274.
• Protease C is described in WO 91/06637. Genetically modified variants, particularly of Protease C, are also included herein.
• a preferred protease referred to as "Protease D” is a carbonyl hydrolase variant having an amino acid sequence not found in nature, which is derived from a precursor carbonyl hydrolase by substituting a different amino acid for a plurality of amino acid residues at a position in said carbonyl hydrolase equivalent to position +76, preferably also in combination with one or more amino acid residue positions equivalent to those selected from the group consisting of +99, +101, +103, +104, +107, +123, +27, +105, +109, +126, +128, +135, +156, +166, +195, +197, +204, +206, +210, +216, +217, +218, +222, +260, +265, and/or +274 according to the numbering of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subtilisin, as described in WO95/10591 and WO95/10592.
• the "protease D” variants have preferably the amino acid substitution set 76/103/104, more preferably the substitution set N76D/S103A/V1041.
• a carbonyl hydrolase variant of the protease described in WO95/10591 having an amino acid sequence derived by replacement of a plurality of amino acid residues replaced in the precursor enzyme corresponding to position +210 in combination with one or more of the following residues : +33, +62, +67, +76, +100, +101, +103, +104, +107, +128, +129, +130, +132, +135, +156, +158, +164, +166, +167, +170, +209, +215, +217, +218, and +222, where the numbered position corresponds to naturally-occurring subtilisin from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens or to equivalent amino acid residues in other carbonyl hydrolases or subtilisins, such as Bacillus lentus subtilisin (co-pending
• proteases are multiply-substituted protease variants. These protease variants comprise a substitution of an amino acid residue with another naturally occuring amino acid residue at an amino acid residue position corresponding to position 103 of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subtilisin in combination with a substitution of an amino acid residue positions corresponding to positions 1, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 27, 33, 37, 38, 42, 43, 48, 55, 57, 58, 61, 62, 68, 72, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 86, 87, 89, 97, 98, 99, 101, 102, 104, 106, 107, 109, 111, 114, 116, 117, 119, 121, 123, 126, 128, 130, 131, 133, 134, 137, 140, 141, 142, 146, 147, 158, 159, 160, 166, 167, 170,
• Amylases can be included for removal of carbohydrate-based stains. W094/02597, Novo Nordisk A/S published February 03, 1994, describes cleaning compositions which incorporate mutant amylases. See also WO95/10603, Novo Nordisk A/S, published April 20, 1995.
• Other amylases known for use in cleaning compositions include both ⁇ - and ⁇ -amylases.
• ⁇ -Amylases are known in the art and include those disclosed in US Pat. no. 5,003,257; EP 252,666; WO/91/00353; FR 2,676,456; EP 285,123; EP 525,610; EP 368,341; and British Patent specification no.
• ⁇ -amylases characterised by having a specific activity at least 25% higher than the specific activity of Termamyl® at a temperature range of 25°C to 55°C and at a pH value in the range of 8 to 10, measured by the Phadebas® ⁇ -amylase activity assay.
• variants of the above enzymes described in W096/23873 (Novo Nordisk).
• Preferred variants are those demonstrating improved thermal stability, wherein at least one amino acid residue equivalent to F180, R181, G182, T183, G184, or K185 has been deleted from the parent ⁇ -amylase.
• said variants having improved thermal stability comprise the amino acid deletions R181* + G182*, or T183* + G184*.
• amylolytic enzymes with improved properties with respect to the activity level and the combination of thermostability and a higher activity level are described in W095/35382.
• amylases are stability-enhanced amylases described in WO94/18314, published August 18, 1994 and W096/05295, Genencor, published February 22, 1996 and amylase variants having additional modification in the immediate parent available from Novo Nordisk A/S, disclosed in WO 95/10603, published April 95.
• amylases described in EP 277 216, W095/26397 and W096/23873 all by Novo Nordisk.
• Cleaning compositions which incorporate mutant amylases are described in W094/02597, Novo Nordisk A/S published February 03, 1994. See also WO95/10603, Novo Nordisk A/S, published April 20, 1995.
• Peroxidase enzymes are used in combination with oxygen sources, e.g. percarbonate, perborate, persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, etc and with a phenolic substrate as bleach enhancing molecule. They are used for "solution bleaching", i.e. to prevent transfer of dyes or pigments removed from substrates during wash operations to other substrates in the wash solution.
• Peroxidase enzymes are known in the art, and include, for example, horseradish peroxidase, ligninase and haloperoxidase such as chloro- and bromo-peroxidase.
• Peroxidase-containing detergent compositions are disclosed, for example, in PCT International Application WO 89/099813, WO89/09813 and in European Patent application EP No. 91202882.6, filed on November 6, 1991 and EP No. 96870013.8, filed February 20, 1996. Also suitable is the laccase enzyme.
• Enhancers are generally comprised at a level of from 0.1% to 5% by weight of total composition.
• Preferred enhancers are substitued phenthiazine and phenoxasine 10-Phenothiazinepropionicacid (PPT), 10-ethylphenothiazine-4-carboxylic acid (EPC), 10-phenoxazinepropionic acid (POP) and 10-methylphenoxazine (described in WO 94/12621) and substitued syringates (C3-C5 substitued alkyl syringates) and phenols.
• Sodium percarbonate or perborate are preferred sources of hydrogen peroxide.
• Said peroxidases are normally incorporated in the compositions herein at levels from 0.0001% to 2% of pure enzyme by weight of the composition.
• Enzymatic system may be used as bleaching agents :
• the hydrogen peroxide may also be present by adding an enzymatic system (i.e. an enzyme and a substrate therefore) which is capable of generating hydrogen peroxide at the beginning or during the washing and/or rinsing process.
• an enzymatic system i.e. an enzyme and a substrate therefore
• Lipases Other enzymes that can be included in the compositions of the present invention include lipases.
• Suitable lipase enzymes for detergent usage include those produced by microorganisms of the Pseudomonas group, such as Pseudomonas stutzeri ATCC 19.154, as disclosed in British Patent 1,372,034.
• Suitable lipases include those which show a positive immunological cross-reaction with the antibody of the lipase, produced by the microorganism Pseudomonas fluorescent IAM 1057. This lipase is available from Amano Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Nagoya, Japan, under the trade name Lipase P "Amano,” hereinafter referred to as "Amano-P".
• lipases include Amano-CES, lipases ex Chromobacter viscosum, e.g. Chromobacter viscosum var. lipolyticum NRRLB 3673 from Toyo Jozo Co., Tagata, Japan; Chromobacter viscosum lipases from U.S. Biochemical Corp., U.S.A. and Disoynth Co., The Netherlands, and lipases ex Pseudomonas gladioli.
• lipases such as M1 Lipase R and Lipomax R (Gist-Brocades) and Lipolase R and Lipolase Ultra R (Novo) which have found to be very effective when used in combination with the compositions of the present invention.
• lipolytic enzymes described in EP 258 068, WO 92/05249 and WO 95/22615 by Novo Nordisk and in WO 94/03578, WO 95/35381 and WO 96/00292 by Unilever.
• cutinases [EC 3.1.1.50] which can be considered as a special kind of lipase, namely lipases which do not require interfacial activation. Addition of cutinases to detergent compositions have been described in e.g. WO-A-88/09367 (Genencor); WO 90/09446 (Plant Genetic System) and WO 94/14963 and WO 94/14964 (Unilever).
• the above-mentioned enzymes may be of any suitable origin, such as vegetable, animal, bacterial, fungal and yeast origin. Origin can further be mesophilic or extremophilic (psychrophilic, psychrotrophic, thermophilic, barophilic, alkalophilic, acidophilic, halophilic, etc.). Purified or non-purified forms of these enzymes may be used. Also included by definition, are mutants of native enzymes. Mutants can be obtained e.g. by protein and/or genetic engineering, chemical and/or physical modifications of native enzymes. Common practice as well is the expression of the enzyme via host organisms in which the genetic material responsible for the production of the enzyme has been cloned.
• enzyme oxidation scavengers which are described in Copending European Patent application 92870018.6 filed on January 31, 1992.
• enzyme oxidation scavengers are ethoxylated tetraethylene polyamines.
• a range of enzyme materials and means for their incorporation into synthetic detergent compositions is also disclosed in WO 9307263 A and WO 9307260 A to Genencor International, WO 8908694 A to Novo, and U.S. 3,553,139, January 5, 1971 to McCarty et al. Enzymes are further disclosed in U.S. 4,101,457, Place et al, July 18, 1978, and in U.S. 4,507,219, Hughes, March 26, 1985. Enzyme materials useful for liquid detergent formulations, and their incorporation into such formulations, are disclosed in U.S. 4,261,868, Hora et al, April 14, 1981. Enzymes for use in detergents can be stabilised by various techniques.
• Enzyme stabilisation techniques are disclosed and exemplified in U.S. 3,600,319, August 17, 1971, Gedge et al, EP 199,405 and EP 200,586, October 29, 1986, Venegas. Enzyme stabilisation systems are also described, for example, in U.S. 3,519,570. A useful Bacillus, sp. AC13 giving proteases, xylanases and cellulases, is described in WO 9401532 A to Novo.
• the detergent compositions herein may also optionally contain a chelating agent which serves to chelate metal ions, e.g., iron and/or manganese, within the non-aqueous detergent compositions herein.
• a chelating agent which serves to chelate metal ions, e.g., iron and/or manganese, within the non-aqueous detergent compositions herein.
• Such chelating agents thus serve to form complexes with metal impurities in the composition which would otherwise tend to deactivate composition components such as the peroxygen bleaching agent.
• Useful chelating agents can include amino carboxylates, phosphonates, amino phosphonates, polyfunctionally-substituted aromatic chelating agents and mixtures thereof.
• Amino carboxylates useful as optional chelating agents include ethylenediaminetetraacetates, N-hydroxyethyl-ethylenediaminetriacetates, nitrilotriacetates, ethylene-diamine tetrapropionates, triethylenetetraaminehexacetates, diethylenetriaminepentaacetates, ethylenediaminedisuccinates and ethanol diglycines.
• the alkali metal salts of these materials are preferred.
• Amino phosphonates are also suitable for use as chelating agents in the compositions of this invention when at least low levels of total phosphorus are permitted in detergent compositions, and include ethylenediaminetetrakis (methylene-phosphonates) as DEQUEST.
• these amino phosphonates do not contain alkyl or alkenyl groups with more than 6 carbon atoms.
• Preferred chelating agents include hydroxy-ethyldiphosphonic acid (HEDP), diethylene triamine penta acetic acid (DTPA), ethylenediamine disuccinic acid (EDDS) and dipicolinic acid (DPA) and salts thereof.
• the chelating agent may, of course, also act as a detergent builder during use of the compositions herein for fabric laundering/bleaching.
• the chelating agent if employed, can comprise from 0.05% to 4% by weight of the compositions herein. More preferably, the chelating agent will comprise from 0.2% to 2% by weight of the detergent compositions herein.
• the detergent compositions herein may also optionally contain a polymeric material which serves to enhance the ability of the composition to maintain its solid particulate components in suspension.
• a polymeric material which serves to enhance the ability of the composition to maintain its solid particulate components in suspension.
• Such materials may thus act as thickeners, viscosity control agents and/or dispersing agents.
• Such materials are frequently polymeric polycarboxylates but can include other polymeric materials such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or polyamide resins.
• Polymeric polycarboxylate materials can be prepared by polymerizing or copolymerizing suitable unsaturated monomers, preferably in their acid form.
• Unsaturated monomeric acids that can be polymerized to form suitable polymeric polycarboxylates include acrylic acid, maleic acid (or maleic anhydride), fumaric acid, itaconic acid, aconitic acid, mesaconic acid, citraconic acid and methylenemalonic acid.
• the presence in the polymeric polycarboxylates herein of monomeric segments, containing no carboxylate radicals such as vinylmethyl ether, styrene, ethylene, etc. is suitable provided that such segments do not constitute more than 40% by weight of the polymer.
• Particularly suitable polymeric polycarboxylates can be derived from acrylic acid.
• acrylic acid-based polymers which are useful herein are the water-soluble salts of polymerized acrylic acid.
• the average molecular weight of such polymers in the acid form preferably ranges from 2,000 to 100,000, more preferably from 2,000 to 10,000, even more preferably from 4,000 to 7,000, and most preferably from 4,000 to 5,000.
• Water-soluble salts of such acrylic acid polymers can include, for example, the alkali metal, salts.
• Soluble polymers of this type are known materials. Use of polyacrylates of this type in detergent compositions has been disclosed, for example, Diehl, U.S. Patent 3,308,067, issued March 7, 1967. Such materials may also perform a builder function.
• the optional thickening, viscosity control and/or dispersing agents should be present in the compositions herein to the extent of from 0.1% to 4% by weight. More preferably, such materials can comprise from 0.5% to 2% by weight of the detergents compositions herein.
• compositions of the present invention can also optionally contain water-soluble ethoxylated amines having clay soil removal and anti-redeposition properties. If used, soil materials can contain from 0.01% to 5% by weight of the compositions herein.
• the most preferred soil release and anti-redeposition agent is ethoxylated tetraethylenepentamine. Exemplary ethoxylated amines are further described in U.S. Patent 4,597,898, VanderMeer, issued July 1, 1986.
• Another group of preferred clay soil removal-anti-redeposition agents are the cationic compounds disclosed in European Patent Application 111,965, Oh and Gosselink, published June 27, 1984.
• Other clay soil removal/anti-redeposition agents which can be used include the ethoxylated amine polymers disclosed in European Patent Application 111,984, Gosselink, published June 27, 1984; the zwitterionic polymers disclosed in European Patent Application 112,592, Gosselink, published July 4, 1984; and the amine oxides disclosed in U.S.
• CMC carboxy methyl cellulose
• the detergent compositions herein may also optionally contain bleach activators which are liquid in form at room temperature and which can be added as liquids to the non-aqueous liquid phase of the detergent compositions herein.
• One such liquid bleach activator is acetyl triethyl citrate (ATC).
• ATC acetyl triethyl citrate
• Other examples include glycerol triacetate and nonanoyl valerolactam.
• Liquid bleach activators can be dissolved in the non-aqueous liquid phase of the compositions herein.
• the detergent compositions of the present invention will further comprise a bleach catalyst. It has been surprisingly found that such compositions comprising further a bleach catalyst are highly efficient on the removal of bleachable hydrophobic stains soils.
• the bleaching compounds can be catalyzed by means of a manganese compound.
• a manganese compound Such compounds are well known in the art and include, for example, the manganese-based catalysts disclosed in U.S. Pat. 5,246,621, U.S. Pat. 5,244,594; U.S. Pat. 5,194,416; U.S. Pat. 5,114,606; and European Pat. App. Pub. Nos.
• Preferred examples of these catalysts include Mn IV 2 (u-O) 3 (1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane) 2 (PF 6 ) 2 , Mn III 2 (u-O) 1 (u-OAc) 2 (1,4,7-trimethyl-1;4,7-triazacyclononane) 2 (ClO 4 ) 2 , Mn IV 4 (u-O) 6 (1,4,7-triazacyclononane) 4 (ClO 4 ) 4 , Mn III Mn IV 4 (u-O) 1 (u-OAC) 2- (1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane) 2 (ClO 4 ) 3 , Mn IV (1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane)- (OCH 3 ) 3 (PF 6 ), and mixtures thereof.
• transition -metal bleach catalysts being complexes of a transition metal and a cross bridged macropolycyclic ligands such as described in Procter & Gamble patent applications WO 98/39405, WO 98/39406 and WO 98/39098.
• Such transition -metal bleach catalyst can be prepared according to Procter & Gamble patent application W098/39335 or according to J.Amer.Chem.Soc., (1990), 112, 8604.
• Bcyclam (1.00 g., 3.93 mmol) is dissolved in dry CH 3 CN (35 mL, distilled from CaH 2 ). The solution is evacuated at 15 mm until the CH 3 CN begins to boil. The flask is then brought to atmospheric pressure with Ar. This degassing procedure is repeated 4 times.
• Mn(pyridine) 2 Cl 2 (1.12 g., 3.93 mmol), synthesized according to the literature procedure of J. Inorg. Nucl.
• Mn bleach catalyst is dissolved in an aqueous solution of starch (30% starch; 3-5% Mn bleach catalyst). Next, the solution is spray dried to form a powder (particle size up to 50 microns). Next, the powder is mixed with molten PEG (PEG 4000) to form a slurry (20% slurry of starch in PEG). Last, the slurry is processed through a prilling tower resulting in the final solid particulate.
• metal-based bleach catalysts include those disclosed in U.S. Pat. 4,430,243 and U.S. Pat. 5,114,611.
• the use of manganese with various complex ligands to enhance bleaching is also reported in the following United States Patents: 4,728,455; 5,284,944; 5,246,612; 5,256,779; 5,280,117; 5,274,147; 5,153,161; and 5,227,084.
• compositions and processes herein can be adjusted to provide on the order of at least one part per ten million of the active bleach catalyst species in the aqueous washing liquor, and will preferably provide from 0.1 ppm to 700 ppm, more preferably from 1 ppm to 500 ppm, of the catalyst species in the laundry liquor.
• Cobalt bleach catalysts useful herein are known, and are described, for example, in M. L. Tobe, "Base Hydrolysis of Transition-Metal Complexes", Adv. Inorg. Bioinorg. Mech. , (1983), 2, pages 1-94.
• cobalt pentaamine acetate salts having the formula [Co(NH 3 ) 5 OAc] T y , wherein "OAc" represents an acetate moiety and "T y " is an anion, and especially cobalt pentaamine acetate chloride, [Co(NH 3 ) 5 OAc]Cl 2 ; as well as [Co(NH 3 ) 5 OAc](OAc) 2 ; [Co(NH 3 ) 5 OAc](PF 6 ) 2 ; [Co(NH 3 ) 5 OAc](SO 4 ); [Co(NH 3 ) 5 OAc](BF 4 ) 2 ; and [Co(NH 3 ) 5 OAc](NO 3 ) 2 (herein "PAC").
• compositions and cleaning processes herein can be adjusted to provide on the order of at least one part per hundred million of the active bleach catalyst species in the aqueous washing medium, and will preferably provide from 0.01 ppm to 25 ppm, more preferably from 0.05 ppm to 10 ppm, and most preferably from 0.1 ppm to 5 ppm, of the bleach catalyst species in the wash liquor.
• typical compositions herein will comprise from 0.0005% to 0.2%, more preferably from 0.004% to 0.08%, of bleach catalyst, especially manganese or cobalt catalysts, by weight of the cleaning compositions.
• the detergent compositions herein may also optionally contain conventional brighteners, suds suppressors, bleach catalysts, dyes and/or perfume materials.
• Such brighteners, suds suppressors, silicone oils, bleach catalysts, dyes and perfumes must, of course, be compatible and non-reactive with the other composition components in a non-aqueous environment. If present, brighteners suds suppressors, dyes and/or perfumes will typically comprise from 0.0001% to 2% by weight of the compositions herein.
• Suitable bleach catalysts include the manganese based complexes disclosed in US 5,246,621, US 5,244,594, US 5,114,606 and US 5,114,611.
• the non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions herein can also contain from 0.1% to 5%, preferably from 0.1% to 2% by weight of a finely divided, solid particulate material which can include silica, e.g., fumed silica, titanium dioxide, insoluble carbonates, finely divided carbon or combinations of these materials.
• Fine particulate material of this type functions as a structure elasticizing agent in the products of this invention.
• Such material has an average particle size ranging from 7 to 40 nanometers, more preferably from 7 to 15 nanometers.
• Such material also has a specific surface area which ranges from 40 to 400m 2 /g.
• the finely divided elasticizing agent material can improve the shipping stability of the non-aqueous liquid detergent products herein by increasing the elasticity of the surfactant-structured liquid phase without increasing product viscosity. This permits such products to withstand high frequency vibration which may be encountered during shipping without undergoing undersirable structure breakdown which could lead to sedimentation in the product.
• non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions herein are preferably in the form of bleaching agent and/or other materials in particulate form as a solid phase suspended in and dispersed throughout a surfactant-containing, more preferably structured non-aqueous liquid phase.
• the particulate-containing liquid detergent compositions of this invention are substantially non-aqueous (or anhydrous) in character. While very small amounts of water may be incorporated into such compositions as an impurity in the essential or optional components, the amount of water should in no event exceed 5% by weight of the compositions herein. More preferably, water content of the non-aqueous detergent compositions herein will comprise less than 1% by weight.
• non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions herein can be prepared by first forming the surfactant-containing, preferably structured non-aqueous liquid phase and by thereafter adding to this structured phase the additional particulate components in any convenient order and by mixing, e.g., agitating, the resulting component combination to form the phase stable compositions herein.
• essential and certain preferred optional components will be combined in a particular order and under certain conditions.
• the anionic surfactant-containing powder used to form the structured, surfactant-containing liquid phase is prepared.
• This pre-preparation step involves the formation of an aqueous slurry containing from 30% to 60% of one or more alkali metal salts of linear C 10-16 alkyl benzene sulfonic acid and from 2% to 30% of one or more diluent non-surfactant salts.
• this slurry is dried to the extent necessary to form a solid material containing less than 4% by weight of residual water.
• this material can be combined with one or more of the non-aqueous organic diluents to form a structured, surfactant-containing liquid phase of the detergent compositions herein. This is done by reducing the anionic surfactant-containing material formed in the previously described pre-preparation step to powdered form and by combining such powdered material with an agitated liquid medium comprising one or more of the non-aqueous organic diluents, either surfactant or non-surfactant or both, as hereinbefore described. This combination is carried out under agitation conditions which are sufficient to form a thoroughly mixed dispersion of particles of the insoluble fraction of the co-dried LAS/salt material throughout a non-aqueous organic liquid diluent.
• the non-aqueous liquid dispersion so prepared can then be subjected to milling or high shear agitation under conditions which are sufficient to provide a structured, surfactant-containing liquid phase of the detergent compositions herein.
• milling or high shear agitation conditions will generally include maintenance of a temperature between 10°C and 90°C, preferably between 20°C and 60°C; and a processing time that is sufficient to form a network of aggregated small particles of the insoluble fraction of the anionic surfactant-containing powdered material.
• Suitable equipment for this purpose includes: stirred ball mills, co-ball mills (Fryma), colloid mills, high pressure homogenizers, high shear mixers, and the like.
• the colloid mill and high shear mixers are preferred for their high throughput and low capital and maintenance costs.
• the small particles produced in such equipment will generally range in size from 0.4 to 2 microns.
• Milling and high shear agitation of the liquid/solids combination will generally provide an increase in the yield value of the structured liquid phase to within the range of from 1 Pa to 8 Pa, more preferably from 1 Pa to 4 Pa.
• the additional particulate material to be used in the detergent compositions herein can be added.
• Such components which can be added under high shear agitation include a silica or titanium dioxide elasticizing agent; particles of substantially all of an organic builder, e.g., citrate and/or fatty acid, and/or an alkalinity source, e.g., sodium carbonate, can be added while continuing to maintain this admixture of composition components under shear agitation. Agitation of the mixture is continued, and if necessary, can be increased at this point to form a uniform dispersion of insoluble solid phase particulates within the liquid phase.
• the particles and the highly preferred peroxygen bleaching agent can be added to the composition, again while the mixture is maintained under shear agitation.
• the peroxygen bleaching agent material By adding the peroxygen bleaching agent material last, or after all or most of the other components, and especially after alkalinity source particles, have been added, desirable stability benefits for the peroxygen bleach can be realized. If enzyme prills are incorporated, they are preferably added to the non-aqueous liquid matrix last.
• agitation of the mixture is continued for a period of time sufficient to form compositions having the requisite viscosity, yield value and phase stability characteristics. Frequently this will involve agitation for a period of from 1 to 30 minutes.
• compositions of this invention can be used to form aqueous washing solutions for use in the laundering and bleaching of fabrics.
• an effective amount of such compositions is added to water, preferably in a conventional fabric laundering automatic washing machine, to form such aqueous laundering/bleaching solutions.
• the aqueous washing/bleaching solution so formed is then contacted, preferably under agitation, with the fabrics to be laundered and bleached therewith.
• An effective amount of the liquid detergent compositions herein added to water to form aqueous laundering/bleaching solutions can comprise amounts sufficient to form from 500 to 7,000 ppm of composition in aqueous solution. More preferably, from 800 to 3,000 ppm of the detergent compositions herein will be provided in aqueous washing/bleaching solution.
• non-aqueous liquid detergent compositions were prepared in accordance with the present invention : I II III Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonate Na Salt 16.0 16.0 16.0 C12-13 E05 alcohol ethoxylate 21.5 21.5 19.0 Butoxy Propoxy Propanol 18.5 - 16.0 Hexylene Glycol - 18.5 5.0 Sodium citrate dihydrate 6.8 6.8 3.8 [4-[N-nonanoyl-6-aminohexanoyloxy] benzene sulfonate] Na salt 6.0 6.0 6.0 Methyl sulfate salt of methyl quaternized polyethoxylated hexamethylene diamine 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 Ethylenediamine disuccinic acid Na salt 1.2 1.2 1.2 Maleic-acrylic copolymer (Sokalan CP5® sold by BASF) - - 3.0 Sodium Carbonate 10.0 10.0 10.0 Protease Prills (40mg active enzyme/g
• compositions are chemically stable anhydrous liquid laundry detergent compositions which provide excellent stain and soil removal performance when used in normal fabric laundering operations.
• a non-aqueous liquid detergent composition of the present invention can be prepared as follows :
• compositions are chemically stable anhydrous liquid laundry detergent compositions which provide excellent stain and soil removal performance when used in normal fabric laundering operations.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8243851

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (7)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (8)

• 1999
  • 1999-06-11 EP EP99870123A patent/EP1059351A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2000
  • 2000-06-07 AU AU55981/00A patent/AU5598100A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2000-06-07 WO PCT/US2000/015615 patent/WO2000077155A1/en active Application Filing

Patent Citations (8)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events