EP1056890A1 - Method for producing non-grain oriented electro sheet steel - Google Patents

Method for producing non-grain oriented electro sheet steel

Info

Publication number
EP1056890A1
EP1056890A1 EP99910250A EP99910250A EP1056890A1 EP 1056890 A1 EP1056890 A1 EP 1056890A1 EP 99910250 A EP99910250 A EP 99910250A EP 99910250 A EP99910250 A EP 99910250A EP 1056890 A1 EP1056890 A1 EP 1056890A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hot
strip
rolling
annealed
hot strip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99910250A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1056890B1 (en
Inventor
Hans Pircher
Rudolf Kawalla
Manfred Espenhahn
Brigitte Hammer
Klaus Peters
Jürgen Schneider
Carl-Dieter Wuppermann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp Stahl AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1056890A1 publication Critical patent/EP1056890A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1056890B1 publication Critical patent/EP1056890B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular fabrication or treatment of ingot or slab
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1266—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest between cold rolling steps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1272—Final recrystallisation annealing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B2201/00—Special rolling modes
    • B21B2201/04—Ferritic rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B2201/00—Special rolling modes
    • B21B2201/16—Two-phase or mixed-phase rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/001—Austenite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular fabrication or treatment of ingot or slab
    • C21D8/1211—Rapid solidification; Thin strip casting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1233—Cold rolling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing non-grain-oriented electrical sheet from slab or thin slab casting with low magnetic loss and high polarization as well as good mechanical properties.
  • non-grain-oriented electrical sheet is understood here to mean one according to DIN 10106 (finally annealed) or 10165 (not finally annealed).
  • more anisotropic grades are included as long as they are not considered grain-oriented electrical sheet (magnetic loss loss anisotropy up to about 30%).
  • This material is mainly used as a core material in machines (motors, generators) with a rotating magnetic flow direction.
  • EP 0 469 980 B1 requires increased reel temperatures in combination with an additional hot strip annealing. Useful magnetic properties are set even at low alloy contents. However, a higher reel temperature and the additional hot strip annealing require increased energy and thus costs.
  • EP 0 651 061 B2 proposes the setting of a cube texture that is rotated by 45 ° around the sheet normal. Interesting magnetic properties are obtained in this way, particularly with regard to polarization. However, this requires a complex process. In addition to increased final rolling and coiling temperatures, additional steps during cold rolling, such as heating and intermediate annealing, as well as one or more skin passages, must be carried out.
  • EP 0 511 601 Bl which is aimed at higher silicon and aluminum contents (Si + 2 Al> 2%), provides hot strip annealing at a particularly high temperature above 1000 ° C. This means that expensive alloying elements have to be used and very high temperatures have to be applied when the hot strip is additionally annealed.
  • the invention is based on the object of producing an electrical sheet in a cost-effective manner with a combination of high polarization, low magnetic loss and good mechanical properties that is suitable for the various fields of application.
  • the generic method according to the invention provides for continuous casting to be hot-rolled directly from the casting heat or after reheating to T> 900 ° C. and to carry out two or more forming passes in the two-phase area austenite / ferrite in the course of finish rolling in order to achieve one in relation to the Properties of the electrical sheet to set favorable condition of the hot strip.
  • the steel In order to meet this requirement, the steel must be alloyed so that an austenite content of at least 10% in the - 4- -
  • Hot rolling temperature This can be achieved by appropriately coordinating the alloy additives on austenite- or ferrite-forming elements with a basic composition of (Si + 2 Al) ⁇ 3%.
  • the steel melts used for this contain 0.001 to 0.1% C, 0.05 to 3.0% Si, up to 0.85% AI with Si + 2 AI ⁇ 3.0%, 0.05 to 2.0% Mn, Remainder iron and usual accompanying elements as well as alloy additives on P, Sn, N, Ni, Co, Ti, Nb, Zr, V, B, Sb up to a total of 1.5%.
  • reheating is usually carried out to at least 900 ° C. so that austenite is formed and the finish rolling can be carried out according to the invention in the ⁇ / ⁇ two-phase region.
  • the material is usually heated to at least 900 ° C for the reasons given above, using the casting heat for the reasons given above.
  • Thin slab or strip casting offers the following additional advantages compared to conventional slab casting: Due to the shorter cooling time until solidification, the dendrite arm spacing is smaller and therefore there are fewer increases, so the material becomes more homogeneous. Due to the smaller slab thickness and the possibility of using the casting heat, hot strip rolling is shortened and cost savings achieved. With a corresponding design of the thin slab caster, a wider range of finish rolling and coiling temperatures and lower hot strip thicknesses can be set. With low hot strip thicknesses ⁇ 1.5 mm, hot rolling can be carried out at final rolling speeds of over 10 m / s in order to maintain high productivity. - 5 -
  • Roll lubrication in at least one of the last three hot rolling passes of finish rolling can result in a more homogeneous structure across the cross section due to less shear deformation. Since the rolling force is also reduced, a higher reduction in thickness to lower final thicknesses is possible.
  • finish rolling is carried out by at least one forming pass with a change in shape
  • Si content of the steel 0.05 to 1.6% Si is expedient if, with the corresponding proportions of other components of the composition, there is no longer a two-phase region.
  • the hot strip produced up to 6 mm thick is coiled depending on the intended use at reel temperatures either below 650 ° C or in the range from 650 ° C to Arl. If the strips have been coiled at high temperatures, the coils can then either be cooled to room temperature in still air or heat-treated directly from the coil heat.
  • the heat treatment can be carried out by delayed cooling under a cover with a cooling rate of a maximum of 100 ° C / h down to 600 ° C or by hot use in an oven.
  • the furnace temperature can also be above the reel temperature.
  • Coil temperatures between 650 ° C and the Arl temperature which varies with the alloy proportions, can completely or partially replace hot strip annealing.
  • the hot strip is already softened in the coil, whereby the structural features relevant to the properties, such as grain size, texture and precipitations, - 7 -
  • the improvement in magnetic properties which is achieved with the method according to the invention compared to the conventional method, is associated with a time and energy saving in the production of the electrical sheet.
  • the hot strip can be annealed beforehand.
  • the hot strip is cold-rolled to final thickness in one or more stages with intermediate annealing, the production steps already mentioned being followed.
  • Table 1 shows magnetic property values, loss of magnetization (P) and polarization (J) which have been achieved by a conventional process and by the process according to the invention. - 8th
  • the examples show the improvement which can be achieved by using the method according to the invention on the one hand for semi finished (sf) and on the other hand for fully finished (ff) standard grades without hot strip annealing and with a conventional hot strip annealing (WBG).
  • WBG hot strip annealing
  • J polarization values
  • P magnetic reversal losses

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Steel Electrode Plates (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method to produce non-grain-oriented magnetic steel sheet made of thin-slab or slab casting with low specific total loss and high polarisation and favourable mechanical properties. It is a characteristic of the invention that the steel slabs are hot rolled either directly from the casting heat or after a reheating to T>=900 ° C. and two or more metal forming passes are performed in the two-phase region austenite/ferrite in the course of finishing rolling.

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von nichtkornorientiertem Process for the production of non-grain oriented
ElektroblechElectrical sheet
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von nichtkornorientiertem Elektroblech aus Brammen- oder Dünnbrammenstrangguß mit geringem Ummagnetisierungs- verlust und hoher Polarisation sowie guten mechanischen Eigenschaften .The invention relates to a method for producing non-grain-oriented electrical sheet from slab or thin slab casting with low magnetic loss and high polarization as well as good mechanical properties.
Unter dem Begriff "nichtkornorientiertes Elektroblech" wird hier ein solches nach DINen 10106 (schlußgeglüht) oder 10165 (nicht schlußgeglüht) verstanden. Darüberhinaus werden auch stärker anisotrope Sorten mit einbezogen, solange sie nicht als kornorientiertes Elektroblech gelten (Ummagnetisierungsverlust-Anisotropie bis etwa 30 %) . Dieses Material findet hauptsächlich Einsatz als Kernmaterial in Maschinen (Motoren, Generatoren) mit rotierender magnetischer Flußrichtung.The term “non-grain-oriented electrical sheet” is understood here to mean one according to DIN 10106 (finally annealed) or 10165 (not finally annealed). In addition, more anisotropic grades are included as long as they are not considered grain-oriented electrical sheet (magnetic loss loss anisotropy up to about 30%). This material is mainly used as a core material in machines (motors, generators) with a rotating magnetic flow direction.
Aus ökonomischen und ökologischen Gründen ergibt sich die Forderung nach weitergehender Verbesserung der magnetischen Eigenschaften (Polarisation J in T, Ummagnetisierungsverlust P in W/kg) . Die Ummagnetisierungsverluste sollen herabgesetzt und die Polarisation im jeweils genutzten Induktionsbereich erhöht werden. Gleichzeitig ergeben sich spezielle Anforderungen an die mechanisch-technologischen Eigenschaften aus dem Blickwinkel der Be- und Verarbeitung. Hierbei kommt der Schneidbarkeit, z.B. beim Stanzen, besondere Bedeutung zu. In Betracht kommen hier un- , niedrig- und mittel- silizierte verlustarme Sorten mit hoher Polarisation. Solches Band ist besonders als Kernmaterial für Vorschaltgeräte und in Hocheffizienzmotoren, für Bahnmotoren, Industrieantriebe für Pumpen und Verdichter, Servoantriebe und Antriebe für die Haushaltstechnik geeignet .For economic and ecological reasons, there is a demand for further improvement of the magnetic properties (polarization J in T, magnetic loss P in W / kg). The magnetic reversal losses should be reduced and the polarization increased in the induction range used. At the same time, there are special requirements for the mechanical-technological properties from the point of view of machining and processing. Cutability, for example when punching, is of particular importance here. Un-, low- and medium-silicated low-loss varieties with high polarization come into consideration here. Such tape is particularly suitable as core material for ballasts and in high-efficiency motors, for railroad engines, industrial drives for pumps and compressors, servo drives and drives for household technology.
Bekannt ist, daß durch zusätzliche Verarbeitungsschritte wie Warmbandglühung oder ein zweistufiges Kaltwalzen mit Zwischenglühung eine Verbesserung der magnetischen Eigenschaften erhalten wird.It is known that additional processing steps such as hot strip annealing or a two-stage cold rolling with intermediate annealing improve the magnetic properties.
In der WO 96/00306 wird für Stähle mit den Hauptlegierungselementen Silizium, Mangan und Aluminium vorgeschlagen, das Warmband für Elektroblech im Austenitgebiet fertigzuwalzen und das Haspeln bei Temperaturen oberhalb der vollständigen Umwandlung in Ferrit vorzunehmen. Außerdem ist zusätzlich ein direktes Glühen des Coils aus der Walzhitze vorgesehen. Auf diesem Wege wird ein Endprodukt mit guten magnetischen Eigenschaften erhalten. Allerdings müssen dabei wegen des hohen Energieaufwandes beim Wärmen vor dem Warmwalzen und beim Warmwalzen sowie wegen der Legierungszusätze erhöhte Kosten in Kauf genommen werden.In WO 96/00306 for steels with the main alloying elements silicon, manganese and aluminum it is proposed to finish-roll the hot strip for electrical sheet in the austenite area and to reel it at temperatures above the complete conversion into ferrite. A direct annealing of the coil from the rolling heat is also provided. In this way an end product with good magnetic properties is obtained. However, due to the high energy expenditure during heating before hot rolling and hot rolling and because of the alloy additives, increased costs have to be accepted.
Die EP 0 469 980 Bl fordert erhöhte Haspeltemperaturen in Kombination mit einer zusätzlichen Warmbandglühung. Es werden auch bei niedrigen Legierungsgehalten brauchbare magnetische Eigenschaften eingestellt. Allerdings erfordert eine höhere Haspeltemperatur und die zusätzliche Warmbandglühung erhöhten Energie- und damit Kostenaufwand . In der EP 0 651 061 B2 wird die Einstellung einer um 45° um die Blechnormale verdrehten Würfellagentextur vorgeschlagen. Dadurch werden interessante magnetische Eigenschaften besonders in bezug auf die Polarisation erhalten. Dazu ist aber ein aufwendiges Verfahren notwendig. Es müssen neben erhöhten Endwalz- und Haspeltemperaturen zusätzliche Schritte beim Kaltwalzen, wie Anwärmen und Zwischenglühen, sowie ein- oder mehrmaliges Dressieren, vorgenommen werden.EP 0 469 980 B1 requires increased reel temperatures in combination with an additional hot strip annealing. Useful magnetic properties are set even at low alloy contents. However, a higher reel temperature and the additional hot strip annealing require increased energy and thus costs. EP 0 651 061 B2 proposes the setting of a cube texture that is rotated by 45 ° around the sheet normal. Interesting magnetic properties are obtained in this way, particularly with regard to polarization. However, this requires a complex process. In addition to increased final rolling and coiling temperatures, additional steps during cold rolling, such as heating and intermediate annealing, as well as one or more skin passages, must be carried out.
Die auf höhere Silizium- und Aluminium-Gehalte (Si + 2 AI > 2 %) gerichtete EP 0 511 601 Bl sieht eine Warmbandglühung bei besonders hoher Temperatur oberhalb von 1000 °C vor. Damit müssen teure Legierungselemente eingesetzt und sehr hohe Temperaturen bei einer zusätzlichen Glühung des Warmbandes angewandt werden.EP 0 511 601 Bl, which is aimed at higher silicon and aluminum contents (Si + 2 Al> 2%), provides hot strip annealing at a particularly high temperature above 1000 ° C. This means that expensive alloying elements have to be used and very high temperatures have to be applied when the hot strip is additionally annealed.
Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, auf kostengünstige Weise ein Elektroblech mit für die verschiedenen Einsatzgebiete geeigneter Kombination von hoher Polarisation, niedrigem Ummagnetisierungsverlust und guten mechanischen Eigenschaften herzustellen.The invention is based on the object of producing an electrical sheet in a cost-effective manner with a combination of high polarization, low magnetic loss and good mechanical properties that is suitable for the various fields of application.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird bei dem gattungsgemäßen Verfahren erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, Strangguß direkt aus der Gießhitze oder nach einem Wiedererwärmen auf T > 900 °C warmzuwalzen und im Zuge des Fertigwalzens zwei oder mehr Umformstiche im Zweiphasengebiet Austenit/ Ferrit auszuführen, um einen in bezug auf die Eigenschaften des Elektroblechs günstigen Zustand des Warmbandes einzustellen. Um diese Voraussetzung zu erfüllen, muß der Stahl so legiert sein, daß sich ein Austenitanteil von mindestens 10 % bei der -- 4- --To achieve this object, the generic method according to the invention provides for continuous casting to be hot-rolled directly from the casting heat or after reheating to T> 900 ° C. and to carry out two or more forming passes in the two-phase area austenite / ferrite in the course of finish rolling in order to achieve one in relation to the Properties of the electrical sheet to set favorable condition of the hot strip. In order to meet this requirement, the steel must be alloyed so that an austenite content of at least 10% in the - 4- -
Warmwalztemperatur einstellt. Dies ist durch ein entsprechendes Abstimmen der Legierungszusätze an austenit- bzw. ferritbildenden Elementen bei einer Basiszusammensetzung von (Si + 2 AI) < 3 % zu bewirken. Die dazu eingesetzten Stahlschmelzen enthalten 0,001 bis 0,1 % C, 0,05 bis 3,0 % Si, bis 0,85 % AI mit Si + 2 AI < 3,0 %, 0,05 bis 2,0 % Mn, Rest Eisen und übliche Begleitelemente sowie Legierungszusätze an P, Sn, N, Ni, Co, Ti, Nb, Zr, V, B, Sb bis insgesamt 1,5 %.Hot rolling temperature. This can be achieved by appropriately coordinating the alloy additives on austenite- or ferrite-forming elements with a basic composition of (Si + 2 Al) <3%. The steel melts used for this contain 0.001 to 0.1% C, 0.05 to 3.0% Si, up to 0.85% AI with Si + 2 AI <3.0%, 0.05 to 2.0% Mn, Remainder iron and usual accompanying elements as well as alloy additives on P, Sn, N, Ni, Co, Ti, Nb, Zr, V, B, Sb up to a total of 1.5%.
Beim Brammen-Stranggießen erfolgt üblicherweise ein Wiedererwärmen auf mindestens 900 °C, damit sich Austenit bildet und das Fertigwalzen erfindungsgemäß im γ/α-Zweiphasengebiet erfolgen kann. Bei der Erzeugung von Dünnbrammen oder Band wird das Material in der Regel unter Ausnutzung der Gießhitze aus den oben angegebenen Gründen vor dem Fertigwalzen ebenfalls auf mindestens 900 °C erwärmt.In continuous slab casting, reheating is usually carried out to at least 900 ° C. so that austenite is formed and the finish rolling can be carried out according to the invention in the γ / α two-phase region. When producing thin slabs or strips, the material is usually heated to at least 900 ° C for the reasons given above, using the casting heat for the reasons given above.
Dünnbrammen- bzw. Bandstrangguß bieten, verglichen mit konventionellem Brammenstrangguß folgende zusätzliche Vorteile: Aufgrund der geringeren Abkühlzeit bis zur Durcherstarrung sind die Dendritenarmabstände geringer und damit weniger Steigerungen vorhanden, das Material wird also homogener. Aufgrund der geringeren Brammendicke und der Möglichkeit, die Gießhitze auszunutzen, wird das Warmbandwalzen verkürzt und eine Kosteneinsparung erreicht. Bei einer entsprechenden Auslegung der Dünnbrammengießwalzanlage sind ein breiteres Spektrum von Endwalz- und Haspeltemperatur und geringere Warmbanddicken einstellbar. Bei geringen Warmbanddicken < 1,5 mm kann das Warmwalzen mit Endwalzgeschwindigkeiten von über 10 m/s erfolgen, um eine hohe Produktivität zu erhalten. - 5 -Thin slab or strip casting offers the following additional advantages compared to conventional slab casting: Due to the shorter cooling time until solidification, the dendrite arm spacing is smaller and therefore there are fewer increases, so the material becomes more homogeneous. Due to the smaller slab thickness and the possibility of using the casting heat, hot strip rolling is shortened and cost savings achieved. With a corresponding design of the thin slab caster, a wider range of finish rolling and coiling temperatures and lower hot strip thicknesses can be set. With low hot strip thicknesses <1.5 mm, hot rolling can be carried out at final rolling speeds of over 10 m / s in order to maintain high productivity. - 5 -
Durch eine Walzenschmierung in mindestens einem der letzten drei Warmwalzstiche des Fertigwalzens kann aufgrund einer geringeren Scherverformung eine homogenere Struktur über den Querschnitt erhalten werden. Da zudem die Walzkraft vermindert wird, ist eine höhere Dickenabnahme auf geringere Enddicken möglich.Roll lubrication in at least one of the last three hot rolling passes of finish rolling can result in a more homogeneous structure across the cross section due to less shear deformation. Since the rolling force is also reduced, a higher reduction in thickness to lower final thicknesses is possible.
In einem weiteren Anspruch wird das Fertigwalzen durch mindestens einen Umformstich mit einer FormänderungIn a further claim, the finish rolling is carried out by at least one forming pass with a change in shape
Sh= (h-.-hi+ι) / -i > 10 % im Ferritgebiet abgeschlossen. Wird das Warmwalzen durch einen oder mehrere Umformstiche im Ferritgebiet abgeschlossen und das Warmband bei Temperaturen unter 650 °C gehaspelt, so führt dies zu einem verfestigten Warmbandzustand und zu einer Unterdrückung bzw. feinen Dispersion der Ausscheidungen. Dadurch kann anschließend der notwendige Kaltwalzgrad vermindert werden. Grundsätzlich kann das Warmband einstufig oder mehrstufig mit Zwischenglühung auf Enddicke kaltgewalzt werden. Durch diese Maßnahmen wird ein feineres Gefüge eingestellt, wodurch die Schneid- und Stanzbarkeit des Kaltbandes verbessert wird.S h = (h -.- hi + ι) / -i> 10% completed in the ferrite area. If hot rolling is completed by one or more forming stitches in the ferrite area and the hot strip is coiled at temperatures below 650 ° C, this leads to a consolidated hot strip state and to a suppression or fine dispersion of the precipitations. The required degree of cold rolling can then be reduced as a result. Basically, the hot strip can be cold-rolled to final thickness in one or more stages with intermediate annealing. These measures result in a finer structure, which improves the ability of the cold strip to be cut and punched.
Eine Beschränkung des Si-Gehalts des Stahls auf 0,05 bis 1,6 % Si ist dann zweckmäßig, wenn andernfalls bei entsprechenden Anteilen anderer Komponenten der Zusammensetzung kein Zweiphasengebiet mehr vorliegt. Indem die Wiedererwärmungstemperatur der Stahlbrammen im Austenitgebiet liegt, ist sichergestellt, daß die erforderlichen Umformstiche im Zweiphasengebiet durchgeführt werden.A limitation of the Si content of the steel to 0.05 to 1.6% Si is expedient if, with the corresponding proportions of other components of the composition, there is no longer a two-phase region. The fact that the reheating temperature of the steel slabs is in the austenite area ensures that the necessary forming passages are carried out in the two-phase area.
Wird die Stahlbramme direkt aus der Gießhitze auf Temperaturen unter 900 °C abgekühlt und nach einem Wiedererwärmen bis in das Austenitgebiet warmgewalzt, so werden grobe Ausscheidungen gebildet. Anders als feinere Ausscheidungen können derart grobe Ausscheidungen zu besseren magnetischen Eigenschaften des Elektroblechs führen. Letzteres gilt insbesondere dann, wenn die Wiedererwärmtemperatur maximal 1150 °C beträgt. Bei einer derart niedrig gewählten Temperatur wird verhindert, das sich die zuvor gebildeten groben Ausscheidungen wieder auflösen.If the steel slab is cooled directly from the casting heat to temperatures below 900 ° C and after a Reheating hot rolled into the austenite area, so coarse precipitates are formed. In contrast to finer precipitates, such coarse precipitates can lead to better magnetic properties of the electrical sheet. The latter applies in particular when the reheating temperature is a maximum of 1150 ° C. At such a low temperature, the coarse precipitates previously formed are prevented from dissolving again.
Das so erzeugte bis zu 6 mm dicke Warmband wird abhängig vom Verwendungszweck bei Haspeltemperaturen entweder unterhalb von 650 °C oder im Bereich von 650 °C bis Arl gehaspelt. Wenn die Bänder bei hohen Temperaturen gehaspelt wurden, können die Coils anschließend entweder auf Raumtemperatur an ruhender Luft abgekühlt werden oder direkt aus der Coilhitze wärmebehandelt werden. Die Wärmebehandlung kann durch eine verzögerte Abkühlung unter einer Abdeckhaube mit einer Abkühlgeschwindigkeit von maximal 100 °C/h bis hinunter zu 600 °C oder durch einen Heißeinsatz in einem Ofen erfolgen. Dabei kann die Ofentemperatur auch oberhalb der Haspeltemperatur liegen.The hot strip produced up to 6 mm thick is coiled depending on the intended use at reel temperatures either below 650 ° C or in the range from 650 ° C to Arl. If the strips have been coiled at high temperatures, the coils can then either be cooled to room temperature in still air or heat-treated directly from the coil heat. The heat treatment can be carried out by delayed cooling under a cover with a cooling rate of a maximum of 100 ° C / h down to 600 ° C or by hot use in an oven. The furnace temperature can also be above the reel temperature.
Haspeltemperaturen zwischen 650 °C und der mit den Legierungsanteilen variierenden Arl-Temperatur können eine Warmbandglühung ganz oder teilweise ersetzen. Eine kurze Distanz zum Haspel beispielsweise von 40 m und darunter in Kombination mit hohen Endwalzgeschwindigkeiten macht speziell in einer Gießwalzanlage hohe, in konventionellen Walzstraßen, insbesondere bei geringen Banddicken, nicht einstellbare, Haspeltemperaturen möglich. Dadurch wird das Warmband schon im Coil entfestigt, wobei die eigenschaftsrelevanten Strukturmerkmale, wie Korngröße, Textur und Ausscheidungen, - 7 -Coil temperatures between 650 ° C and the Arl temperature, which varies with the alloy proportions, can completely or partially replace hot strip annealing. A short distance to the reel, for example of 40 m and below, in combination with high final rolling speeds, makes high reel temperatures, which cannot be set in conventional rolling mills, especially with low strip thicknesses, especially possible in a casting and rolling mill. As a result, the hot strip is already softened in the coil, whereby the structural features relevant to the properties, such as grain size, texture and precipitations, - 7 -
positiv beeinflußt werden. Die Verbesserung magnetischer Eigenschaften, die mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren gegenüber dem konventionellen Verfahren erreicht wird, ist mit einer Zeit- und Energieeinsparung bei der Erzeugung des Elektroblechs verbunden.be positively influenced. The improvement in magnetic properties, which is achieved with the method according to the invention compared to the conventional method, is associated with a time and energy saving in the production of the electrical sheet.
Zur Herstellung des Elektroblechs stehen verschiedene Wege zur Verfügung: Das erfindungsgemäße Warmband kann als Elektroblech direkt verwendet werden. Es kann mit oder ohne Nachwalzen bei Schlußglühung nach Verarbeitung eingesetzt werden (semi finished = nicht schlußgeglüht) . Das Warmband kann davor geglüht werden. In weiteren Alternativen wird das Warmband einstufig oder mehrstufig mit Zwischenglühung auf Enddicke kaltgewalzt, wobei die bereits vorgenannten Fertigungsschritte nachgeschaltet werden. Bei diesen Alternativen kann das Warmband im Walzzustand oder nach einer Warmbandglühung eingesetzt werden. Falls die Nachverformung und die Schlußglühung nach der Verarbeitung entfallen, ist die Glühung bereits nach dem Walzen auf Enddicke so auszulegen, daß das geforderte Eigenschaftsprofil eingestellt wird (fully finished = schlußgeglüht) . Alle Glühungen können entweder im Hauben- oder Durchlaufofen bei Temperaturen über 650 °C erfolgen.There are various ways of producing the electrical sheet: The hot strip according to the invention can be used directly as electrical sheet. It can be used with or without re-rolling in the final annealing after processing (semi finished = not final annealed). The hot strip can be annealed beforehand. In further alternatives, the hot strip is cold-rolled to final thickness in one or more stages with intermediate annealing, the production steps already mentioned being followed. With these alternatives, the hot strip can be used in the rolled state or after hot strip annealing. If post-forming and final annealing after processing are no longer necessary, the annealing must be designed to the final thickness after rolling so that the required property profile is set (fully finished = final annealed). All annealing can be done either in the hood or continuous furnace at temperatures above 650 ° C.
Beispiele :Examples:
In Tafel 1 sind magnetische Eigenschaftswerte, Um agnetisierungsverlust (P) und Polarisation (J) , die nach einem konventionellen Verfahren und nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erreicht worden sind, mitgeteilt . - 8Table 1 shows magnetic property values, loss of magnetization (P) and polarization (J) which have been achieved by a conventional process and by the process according to the invention. - 8th
Tafel 1Plate 1
Legierung Produkt konventionelles Verfahren erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren [mm] Pi .o/W/kg Pι.5/W/kg J2500/T Pi, o/W/kg Pi, s/W/kg J2500/T A.3/°C An/°C , 15 % Si 2,41 6,03 1 ,633 2,38 5,99 1 ,662 , 1 % AI sf:0,65 2,32 5,93 1 ,656 915 845 ,35 % Mn ,60 % Si ff:0,5 2,37 5,2 1 ,68 2,32 5,01 1 ,692 ,25 % AI mit WBG 2,28 4,95 1 ,690 1050 945 ,25 % MnAlloy product conventional process according to the invention process [mm] Pi .o / W / kg Pι.5 / W / kg J2500 / T Pi, o / W / kg Pi, s / W / kg J2500 / T A.3 / ° C An / ° C, 15% Si 2.41 6.03 1, 633 2.38 5.99 1, 662, 1% AI sf: 0.65 2.32 5.93 1, 656 915 845, 35% Mn, 60% Si ff: 0.5 2.37 5.2 1, 68 2.32 5.01 1, 692, 25% AI with WBG 2.28 4.95 1, 690 1050 945, 25% Mn
2,62 5,74 1 ,623 2, 13 4,55 1 ,668 ff:0,5 2,52 5,41 1 ,651 ,3 % Si 2,53 5,44 1 ,647 , 12 % AI 1050 965 ,2 % Mn ff:0,5 2,2 4,75 1 ,67 2,03 4,35 1 ,683 mit WBG2.62 5.74 1, 623 2, 13 4.55 1, 668 ff: 0.5 2.52 5.41 1, 651, 3% Si 2.53 5.44 1, 647, 12% Al 1050 965, 2% Mn ff: 0.5 2.2 4.75 1, 67 2.03 4.35 1, 683 with WBG
,8 % Si ,35 % AI ff:0,5 1 ,91 4,22 1 ,587 1 ,84 4,02 1 ,617 1 120 1050 ,20 % Mn , 8% Si, 35% Al ff: 0.5 1, 91 4.22 1, 587 1, 84 4.02 1, 617 1 120 1050, 20% Mn
Die Beispiele zeigen die durch Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens erzielbare Verbesserung zum einen für semi finished (sf) und zum anderen für fully finished (ff) Standardgüten ohne Warmbandglühung und mit einer konventionellen Warmbandglühung (WBG) . Auf dem erfindungsgemäßem Erzeugungsweg werden stets höhere Polarisationswerte (J) und meistens niedrigere Ummagnetisierungsverluste (P) erreicht. In den beiden letzten Spalten der Tafel 1 sind für die unterschiedlichen Legierungen die Umwandlungstemper turen Ar3 und Ari angegeben, die die Grenzen des Zweiphasengebiets Austenit/Ferrit kennzeichnen. The examples show the improvement which can be achieved by using the method according to the invention on the one hand for semi finished (sf) and on the other hand for fully finished (ff) standard grades without hot strip annealing and with a conventional hot strip annealing (WBG). Higher polarization values (J) and usually lower magnetic reversal losses (P) are always achieved on the generation path according to the invention. In the last two columns of Table 1, the transformation temperatures Ar 3 and Ari are given for the different alloys, which characterize the boundaries of the two-phase area austenite / ferrite.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Warmband zur Erzeugung von nichtkornorientiertem Elektroblech aus Strangguß in Brammen, Dünnbrammen oder Band aus einem Stahl mit (in Masse-%) :1. Process for the production of hot strip for the production of non-grain-oriented electrical sheet from continuous casting in slabs, thin slabs or strip from a steel with (in mass%):
0,001 bis 0,1 % C0.001 to 0.1% C
0, 05 bis 3,0 % Si bis 0,85 % AI mit Si + 2 AI < 3,0 %0.05 to 3.0% Si to 0.85% AI with Si + 2 AI <3.0%
0, 05 bis 2,0 % Mn0.05 to 2.0% Mn
Rest Eisen, und übliche Begleitelemente sowie Legierungszusätze an P, Sn, N, Ni, Co, Ti, Nb, Zr, V, B, Sb bis insgesamt 1,5 %, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a ß die Stahlbrammen direkt aus der Gießhitze oder nach einemRemainder iron, and usual accompanying elements as well as alloy additives on P, Sn, N, Ni, Co, Ti, Nb, Zr, V, B, Sb up to a total of 1.5%, that means that the steel slabs directly from the casting heat or after a
Wiedererwärmen auf T > 900 °C warmgewalzt werden und im Zuge des Fertigwalzens zwei oder mehr Umformstiche im Zweiphasengebiet Austenit/Ferrit durchgeführt werden.Reheating to T> 900 ° C and in the course of finish rolling two or more forming passes are carried out in the two-phase area austenite / ferrite.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a ß mindestens der letzte Umformstich des Fertigwalzens mit einer Formänderung von > 10 % am Ende des Warmwalzprozesses im Ferritgebiet liegt.2. The method according to claim 1, which also means that at least the last forming pass of the finish rolling with a change in shape of> 10% at the end of the hot rolling process lies in the ferrite area.
3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß der Stahl 0,05 bis 1,6 % Si enthält. 3. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the steel contains 0.05 to 1.6% Si.
4. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß die Wiedererwärmtemperatur der Stahlbrammen im Austenitgebiet liegt.4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the rewarming temperature of the steel slabs lies in the austenite area.
5. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß die Stahlbrammen direkt aus der Gießhitze auf Temperaturen unter 900 °C abgekühlt und nach einem Wiedererwärmen bis in das Austenitgebiet warmgewalzt werden .5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, that the steel slabs are cooled directly from the casting heat to temperatures below 900 ° C and, after reheating, are hot-rolled into the austenite area.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß die Wiedererwärmtemperatur maximal 1150 °C beträgt.6. The method of claim 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t d a ß the reheating temperature is a maximum of 1150 ° C.
7. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß mindestens einer der letzten drei Warmwalzstiche des Fertigwalzens mit Walzenschmierung ausgeführt wird.7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, that a d at least one of the last three hot rolling passes of the finish rolling is carried out with roller lubrication.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 , d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß der letzte Stich des Fertigwalzens im Ferritgebiet mit Walzenschmierung durchgeführt wird.8. The method of claim 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the last pass of the finish rolling is carried out in the ferrite area with roller lubrication.
9. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß das Warmband bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von 650 °C bis Arl gehaspelt wird.9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the hot strip is coiled at a temperature in the range from 650 ° C. to Arl.
10. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß das Warmband bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von 650 °C bis Ar3 geglüht wird. -11-10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that ß the hot strip is annealed at a temperature in the range from 650 ° C to Ar3. -11-
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a ß das Warmband direkt nach dem Haspeln im Coil geglüht wird.11. The method of claim 10, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the hot strip is annealed in the coil directly after coiling.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a ß das Warmband erst abgekühlt und für die Glühung wiedererwärmt wird.12. The method of claim 10, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the hot strip is first cooled and reheated for annealing.
13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a ß das Warmband aus der Walzhitze in Linie geglüht wird.13. The method of claim 10, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the hot strip is annealed in line from the rolling heat.
14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a ß das gehaspelte Band unter einer Haubenabdeckung mit einer Geschwindigkeit von maximal 100 °C/h bis hinunter auf14. The method of claim 10, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß the reeled strip under a hood cover at a maximum speed of 100 ° C / h down
600 °C abgekühlt wird.600 ° C is cooled.
15. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a ß das Warmband bei Temperaturen < 650 °C gehaspelt wird.15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that the hot strip is coiled at temperatures <650 ° C.
16. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß das Warmband durch ein- oder mehrstufiges Kaltwalzen ggf. mit Zwischenglühung weiterverarbeitet wird. -12-16. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that ß the hot strip is further processed by single or multi-stage cold rolling, optionally with intermediate annealing. -12-
17. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines schlußgeglühten Elektroblechs nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a ß das auf Enddicke warm- oder warm- und kaltgewalzte Band unter Schutzgas oberhalb von 650 °C schlußgeglüht wird.17. A method for producing a final annealed electrical sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 16, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a ß ß the final hot or hot and cold rolled strip under protective gas above 650 ° C is finally annealed.
18. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines nicht schlußgeglühten Elektroblechs nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a ß das warm- oder warm- und kaltgewalzte Band in einem Hauben- oder Durchlaufglühofen unter Schutzgas rekristallisierend geglüht und anschließend gerichtet oder nachgewalzt wird.18. A method for producing a non-final annealed electrical sheet according to one of claims 1 to 16, d a d u r c h g e k e n n e e c h n e t, that the hot or hot and cold rolled strip is recrystallized in a hood or continuous annealing furnace under protective gas and then straightened or re-rolled.
19. Verfahren nach Anspruch 17 oder 18, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a ß das Band vor der Schlußglühung entkohlend geglüht wird. 19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that a ß the strip is annealed before the final annealing.
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WO1999042626A1 (en) 1999-08-26
ES2163329T3 (en) 2002-01-16
KR20010040966A (en) 2001-05-15
DE19807122C2 (en) 2000-03-23
DE59900223D1 (en) 2001-10-04
EP1056890B1 (en) 2001-08-29
PL186500B1 (en) 2004-01-30
US6503339B1 (en) 2003-01-07
JP2002504624A (en) 2002-02-12
PL342361A1 (en) 2001-06-04
DE19807122A1 (en) 1999-09-09
KR100605139B1 (en) 2006-07-28
BR9908106A (en) 2000-10-31
ATE204917T1 (en) 2001-09-15
AU2927699A (en) 1999-09-06

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