EP1055465B1 - Method and apparatus for deep drawing sheet metal plates - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for deep drawing sheet metal plates Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1055465B1
EP1055465B1 EP00110779A EP00110779A EP1055465B1 EP 1055465 B1 EP1055465 B1 EP 1055465B1 EP 00110779 A EP00110779 A EP 00110779A EP 00110779 A EP00110779 A EP 00110779A EP 1055465 B1 EP1055465 B1 EP 1055465B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet metal
deep
metal parts
formed sheet
deep drawing
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EP00110779A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1055465A2 (en
EP1055465A3 (en
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Gerhardt Dipl.-Ing. Söllner
Peter Dr. Von Czarnowski
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Hydro Aluminium Deutschland GmbH
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Hydro Aluminium Deutschland GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20Deep-drawing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D24/00Special deep-drawing arrangements in, or in connection with, presses
    • B21D24/16Additional equipment in association with the tools, e.g. for shearing, for trimming

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for deep drawing sheet metal parts, in which the Sheet metal parts in at least one deep drawing in one Be subjected to deep drawing press.
  • DE-A-2332287 discloses a method and a Device for deep drawing sheet metal parts according to the preamble of claim 1 or claim 6 with the unwanted Strain hardening during deep drawing without Interruption of the forming process can be avoided.
  • the object of the invention is local heating to narrow it down.
  • Softening annealing in the deep-drawing press can be done at one single-stage deep-drawing process during the actual Deep drawing or in a step press especially can be realized simply by the fact that with multi-stage Deep drawing in a step press, the sheet metal parts in one Empty stage to be softened.
  • the Softening annealing in an empty stage can be Functionality of the drawing tool from the one Disconnect heater for softening anneal.
  • the sheet metal part is annealed locally, for example in an empty stage of a stage press.
  • the laser light can be guided relatively easily to the desired areas of the sheet metal parts via optical waveguides and enables an optimal softening annealing process, since very high energy densities and thus very high heating rates can be guaranteed and since good spatial and temporal controllability of the laser beam is possible, so that a local narrowly limited heating of the sheet metal part is achieved.
  • the Nd: YAG laser and the CO 2 laser (CO 2 lasers are not suitable for use in connection with optical fibers) are to be mentioned here as particularly suitable laser types.
  • the integration of the laser beam via an optical waveguide into an empty stage of the tool set of a stage press represents a process-reliable procedure and thus allows economical production with the described improvement in formability by softening the material at critical points during the production process from the coil to the finished sheet metal part.
  • the sheet metal part by the beam energy annealing annealing is variable in time and space, can be optimally adapted to the respective sheet metal part Create a customized softening profile.
  • the laser beam is either scattered more or over moves the area to be softened.
  • Cumulative to the softening anneal with The method according to the invention is carried out with the aid of a laser characterized in that the sheet metal part for Softening annealing locally heated inductively becomes.
  • An induction coil is easy to manufacture and for example in a drawing tool Integrate deep drawing press.
  • When using a Induction coil for softening annealing is usually a shield against the deep drawing press and others Parts of a possibly used tool set necessary to avoid losses of induction power or Loads on the materials of the press or the To reduce or avoid the tool set.
  • the method according to the invention thereby advantageous designed that in addition to the softening annealing by heat conduction from a heated drawing tool the sheet metal part is used to transfer heat.
  • This Design of the method according to the invention enables the simple realization of softening annealing also in single-stage deep drawing.
  • Such a device is suitable in particular for use in an inventive Procedure with the possible described above Configurations and ensures the already in Advantages described in connection with the methods Deep drawing of sheet metal parts.
  • the is particularly advantageous Device according to the invention in that an empty stage Tool set for multi-stage deep drawing in at least one blank level at least one Has heating device.
  • the integration of the Heating device in an empty stage of a tool set multi-stage deep drawing enables decoupling of the Thermoforming and heating devices.
  • the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 Device for deep drawing sheet metal parts has one first die 1, a hold-down 2 and a first Stamp 3 to carry out the first deep drawing. at this first deep draft will not be in one lead frame shown also not shown webs held sheet 10 from the first Stamp 3 pulled into the first die 1. Before this first deep drawing runs at the shown Embodiment a tape in a punch in which the Sheets 10 are punched out of the band. Are there between the sheets 10 and the remaining lead frame Bars provided to the sheets 10 for further Processing, usually until the completion of the Deep drawing, better through the different deep drawing levels to be able to transport.
  • the first deep drawing shown in FIG. 1 occurs for sheets that tend to work harden Metals, such as aluminum, are too Strain hardening, especially in the areas of Sheets 10 near the edge and the transitions to Bottom of the first die 1.
  • the strengthened for work hardening regions 5 with the aid of a laser 6 entfest Trentsgeglüht.
  • the laser 6 or optical fiber connected to a laser on the Areas 5 directed around there in terms of location and time limited to bring so much heat into the sheet metal part, that a softening anneal takes place.
  • the Lasers 6 are successively aimed at the areas 5 or several lasers can also be provided a parallel softening anneal another Prevent deep drawing or aggravate Ensure work-hardened areas 5 at the same time.
  • the deep drawing is rotationally symmetrical, so that the softening annealing advantageously by rotating the laser 6 with respect to a rotation axis 7. in this connection The laser 6 sweeps over the work-hardened areas 5 evenly.
  • Guaranteed compared to the first stage of deep drawing the second stage is a reduction in the bending radii of the Sheets 10 at the top (R2 ⁇ R1) and at the transition to Bottom (r2 ⁇ r1).
  • the mean diameter decreased (D2 ⁇ D1). So they'll be the first Deep drawing strongly deformed, i.e. also work hardened Areas 5 strongly deformed again. This is only possible if the affected areas 5 before the second stage have been annealed.
  • the same work-hardened areas with radii r1 or r2 are not selectively annealed as this existing work hardening during the second deep drawing is advantageous.
  • one Device according to the invention for deep drawing Sheet metal parts as can be easily seen, the passage through an oven for the purpose of Release annealing to prepare others Tiefzugkyn.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Tiefziehen von Blechformteilen, bei welchem die Blechformteile in mindestens einem Tiefzug in einer Tiefziehpresse unterworfen werden.The invention relates to a method and a device for deep drawing sheet metal parts, in which the Sheet metal parts in at least one deep drawing in one Be subjected to deep drawing press.

Bei bekannten Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zum Tiefziehen von Blechformteilen werden aus den unterschiedlichsten Metallen oder Legierungen bestehende Bleche in einer oder mehreren Stufen in sogenannten Tiefziehpressen umgeformt. Dabei wird das Blech mittels eines Stempels in eine Matrize gezogen, während seine Ränder durch einen Niederhalber festgehalten werden.In known methods and devices for deep drawing of sheet metal parts are made from the most varied Metal or alloy existing sheet metal in one or several stages in so-called deep-drawing presses. The sheet metal is stamped into a Matrix drawn while its edges through one Be held down.

Sowohl beim einstufigen als auch beim mehrstufigen Tiefziehen des Blechmaterials tritt während der Verformung der Fall auf, daß durch eine zu starke Kaltverfestigungen und die damit einhergehenden Verringerungen der Dehnbarkeit das Tiefziehen nicht in einem Arbeitsschritt und/oder nicht in der gewünschten Tiefe erfolgen kann, ohne daß Materialdefekte entstehen. Diese Problematik tritt insbesondere bei zu hoher Kaltverfestigung neigenden Aluminiumlegierungen wie beispielsweise AlMg oder AlMgMn auf.Both in single-stage and multi-stage Deep drawing of the sheet material occurs during the Deformation on that due to too strong Strain hardening and the associated Decreases in ductility do not result in deep drawing one work step and / or not in the desired one Depth can occur without material defects. This problem occurs in particular when the problem is too high Cold alloy aluminum alloys like for example AlMg or AlMgMn.

In begrenztem Umfang können diese Beschränkungen des Tiefziehvorgangs dadurch beseitigt werden, daß die noch nicht vollständig tiefgezogenen Blechformteile einem zwischengeschalteten Entfestigungsglühen unterworfen werden.To a limited extent, these limitations of the Thermoforming process can be eliminated in that the not completely deep-drawn sheet metal parts interposed softening annealing become.

Bei den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren und Vorrichtungen werden hierzu die Blechformteile aus der Tiefziehpresse entnommen und einer Ofenglühung unterworfen. Dies erfordert eine Unterbrechung des Umformvorgangs und regelmäßig vor der Ofenglühung eine vorgeschaltete Entfettung. Dieses zwischengeschaltete Entfestigungsglühen ist bei Blechformteilen für Großserien problematisch, da derartige Großserienteile in der Regel vom Band auf einer Stufenpresse bis zum fertigen Blechformteil verformt, beschnitten und gelocht werden. Ein zwischengeschaltetes Entfestigungsglühen in einem separaten Ofen würde hierbei zu einer aus Kostengründen nicht akzeptablen Unterbrechung des Umformprozesses führen. Darüber hinaus ist bei der Ofenglühung zur Entfestigung das Risiko vorhanden, daß bei nicht exakter Temperaturführung es in gering verformten Bereichen des Blechformteils zu unerwünschter Grobkornbildung kommt, wenn sich aufgrund einer nicht exakten Temperaturführung die Temperaturen beim Entfestigungsglühen im Rekristallisationsglühbereich bewegen. Schließlich führt das Ofenglühen zur Entfestigung auch dazu, daß Bereiche der Blechformteile, in denen Kaltverfestigungen erwünscht sind wieder entfestigt werden, was die Funktionalität der bearbeiteten Blechformteile reduziert.In the methods and known from the prior art Devices are the sheet metal parts from the Deep drawing press removed and an oven annealing subjected. This requires an interruption of the Forming process and regularly before the furnace is annealed upstream degreasing. This intermediary Softening annealing is for sheet metal parts for Large series problematic because such large series parts in usually from the belt on a step press to finished sheet metal part deformed, trimmed and punched become. An intermediate softening annealing in a separate oven would become one Interruption of the Lead forming process. In addition, at Kiln annealing for softening there is a risk that if the temperature control is not exact, it is low deformed areas of the sheet metal part to undesirable Coarse grain formation comes when due to a failure exact temperature control the temperatures at Softening annealing in the recrystallization annealing area move. Finally, the furnace glow leads to Softening also means that areas of the sheet metal parts, where strain hardening is desired again be softened what the functionality of the machined sheet metal parts reduced.

Die DE-A-2332287 offenbart ein Verfahren bzw. eine Vorrichtung zum Tiefziehen von Blechformteilen nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 bzw. Anspruch 6 mit der unerwünschte Kaltverfestigungen während des Tiefziehens ohne Unterbrechung des Umformvorgangs vermieden werden können. DE-A-2332287 discloses a method and a Device for deep drawing sheet metal parts according to the preamble of claim 1 or claim 6 with the unwanted Strain hardening during deep drawing without Interruption of the forming process can be avoided.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es die örtliche Erwärmung enger zu begrenzen.The object of the invention is local heating to narrow it down.

Erfindungsgemäß ist diese Aufgabe für ein Verfahren zum Tiefziehen von Blechformteilen nach Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 dadurch gelöst, daß die Blechformteile in der Tiefziehpresse durch die Strahlenergie eines Laserstrahls örtlich begrenzt entfestigungsgeglüht werden. Dieses erfindungsgemäße örtlich begrenzte Entfestigungsglühen gewährleistet, daß in besonders stark kaltverfestigten Bereichen der Blechformteile eine gezielte Entfestigung ohne Unterbrechung des Umformvorgangs erfolgen kann, ohne daß andere Bereiche des Blechformteils, in denen beispielsweise Kaltverfestigungen erwünscht sind, gleichzeitig entfestigt werden und ohne daß es in gering verformten Bereichen durch eine nicht exakte Temperaturführung beim Entfestigungsglühung zur Grobkornbildung kommt.This is according to the invention Task for a method for deep drawing Sheet metal parts according to the preamble of claim 1 solved in that the sheet metal parts in the deep drawing press is annealed locally for a limited time by the beam energy of a laser beam become. This locally limited according to the invention Softening anneal ensures that in particularly strong strain-hardened areas of sheet metal parts targeted softening without interrupting the Forming process can take place without other areas of the sheet metal part, in which, for example Strain hardening are desired at the same time be softened and without being slightly deformed Areas due to an inexact temperature control during Softening annealing comes to coarse grain formation.

Das erfindungsgemäße örtlich begrenzte Entfestigungsglühen in der Tiefziehpresse kann bei einem einstufigen Tiefziehvorgang während des eigentlichen Tiefziehens erfolgen oder in einer Stufenpresse besonders einfach dadurch verwirklicht werden, daß bei mehrstufigem Tiefzug in einer Stufenpresse die Blechformteile in einer Leerstufe entfestigungsgeglüht werden. Durch das Entfestigungsglühen in einer Leerstufe läßt sich die Funktionalität des Ziehwerkzeuges von der einer Heizvorrichtung zum Entfestigungsglühen trennen.The locally limited according to the invention Softening annealing in the deep-drawing press can be done at one single-stage deep-drawing process during the actual Deep drawing or in a step press especially can be realized simply by the fact that with multi-stage Deep drawing in a step press, the sheet metal parts in one Empty stage to be softened. By the Softening annealing in an empty stage can be Functionality of the drawing tool from the one Disconnect heater for softening anneal.

Beim laserunterstützten Entfestigungsglühen wird das Blechformteil beispielsweise in einer Leerstufe einer Stufenpresse örtlich begrenzt geglüht. Das Laserlicht läßt sich über Lichtwellenleiter relativ einfach zu den gewünschten Bereichen der Blechformteile leiten und ermöglicht einen optimalen Entfestigungsglühvorgang, da sehr hohe Energiedichten und damit sehr hohe Aufheizraten gewährleistet werden können und da eine gute räumliche und zeitliche Steuerbarkeit des Laserstrahls möglich ist, so daß eine örtlich eng begrenzte Erwärmung des Blechformteils erzielt wird. Als besonders geeignete Lasertypen sind hier der Nd:YAG-Laser und der CO2-Laser (CO2-Laser sind nicht zum Einsatz in Verbindung mit Lichtwellenleitern geeignet) zu nennen. Die Integration des Laserstrahls über einen Lichtwellenleiter in eine Leerstufe des Werkzeugsatzes einer Stufenpresse stellt eine prozeßsichere Vorgehensweise dar und erlaubt somit eine wirtschaftliche Fertigung mit der beschriebenen Verbesserung der Umformbarkeit durch Entfestigung des Materials an kritischen Stellen während des Fertigungsablaufes vom Coil zum fertigen Blechformteil.In the case of laser-assisted softening annealing, the sheet metal part is annealed locally, for example in an empty stage of a stage press. The laser light can be guided relatively easily to the desired areas of the sheet metal parts via optical waveguides and enables an optimal softening annealing process, since very high energy densities and thus very high heating rates can be guaranteed and since good spatial and temporal controllability of the laser beam is possible, so that a local narrowly limited heating of the sheet metal part is achieved. The Nd: YAG laser and the CO 2 laser (CO 2 lasers are not suitable for use in connection with optical fibers) are to be mentioned here as particularly suitable laser types. The integration of the laser beam via an optical waveguide into an empty stage of the tool set of a stage press represents a process-reliable procedure and thus allows economical production with the described improvement in formability by softening the material at critical points during the production process from the coil to the finished sheet metal part.

Dadurch, daß das Blechformteil durch die Strahlenergie zeitlich und räumlich variabel entfestigungsgeglüht wird, läßt sich ein an das jeweilige Blechformteil optimal angepaßtes Entfestigungsprofil erzeugen. Zur räumlich variablen Verteilung der Strahlenergie des Laserstrahls wird der Laserstrahl entweder stärker gestreut oder über den zu entfestigenden Bereich bewegt.The fact that the sheet metal part by the beam energy annealing annealing is variable in time and space, can be optimally adapted to the respective sheet metal part Create a customized softening profile. For spatial variable distribution of the beam energy of the laser beam the laser beam is either scattered more or over moves the area to be softened.

Kumulativ zum Entfestigungsglühen mit Hilfe eines Lasers wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren dadurch weiter ausgestaltet, daß das Blechformteil zum Entfestigungsglühen örtlich begrenzt induktiv erwärmt wird. Eine Induktionsspule läßt sich einfach herstellen und beispielsweise in ein Ziehwerkzeug einer Tiefziehpresse integrieren. Beim Einsatz einer Induktionsspule zum Entfestigungsglühen ist in der Regel eine Abschirmung gegenüber der Tiefziehpresse und anderen Teilen eines eventuell eingesetzten Werkzeugsatzes notwendig, um Verluste der Induktionsleistung bzw. Belastungen der Werkstoffe der Presse bzw. des Werkzeugsatzes zu verringern bzw. zu vermeiden.Cumulative to the softening anneal with The method according to the invention is carried out with the aid of a laser characterized in that the sheet metal part for Softening annealing locally heated inductively becomes. An induction coil is easy to manufacture and for example in a drawing tool Integrate deep drawing press. When using a Induction coil for softening annealing is usually a shield against the deep drawing press and others Parts of a possibly used tool set necessary to avoid losses of induction power or Loads on the materials of the press or the To reduce or avoid the tool set.

Insbesondere bei einem einstufigen Tiefziehvorgang wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren dadurch vorteilhaft ausgestaltet, daß zum Entfestigungsglühen zusätzlich die durch Wärmeleitung aus einem beheizten Ziehwerkzeug auf das Blechformteil übergehende Wärme verwandt wird. Diese Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ermöglicht die einfache Realisation des Entfestigungsglühens auch beim einstufigen Tiefziehen. Es ist allerdings auch möglich, bei einstufigen Tiefziehvorgängen zum Entfestigungsglühen zusätzlich die durch eine Induktionsspule erzeugten Wirbelströme zu verwenden.Especially in a one-step deep-drawing process the method according to the invention thereby advantageous designed that in addition to the softening annealing by heat conduction from a heated drawing tool the sheet metal part is used to transfer heat. This Design of the method according to the invention enables the simple realization of softening annealing also in single-stage deep drawing. However, it is also possible for single-stage deep-drawing processes to Softening annealing additionally by a Induction coil to use generated eddy currents.

Die Auswahl der möglichen Heizvorrichtungen zur Lieferung der notwendigen Wärmeenergie zum Entfestigungsglühen hängt ganz von den Anforderungen beim Tiefziehen des jeweiligen Blechformteiles ab.The choice of possible heaters for delivery the necessary heat energy for the softening annealing depends entirely on the requirements when deep drawing the respective sheet metal part.

Vorrichtungsmäßig wird die oben hergeleitete und aufgezeigte Aufgabe für eine Vorrichtung zum Tiefziehen von Blechformteilen mit mindestens einem Ziehwerkzeug dadurch gelöst, daß mindestens eine die Blechformteile örtlich begrenzt entfestigungsglühende Heizvorrichtung vorgesehen ist. Eine derartige Vorrichtung eignet sich insbesondere zur Verwendung in einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren mit den zuvor beschriebenen möglichen Ausgestaltungen und gewährleistet die bereits in Verbindung mit den Verfahren beschriebenen Vorteile beim Tiefziehen von Blechformteilen. In terms of the device, the above and Outlined task for a device for deep drawing of sheet metal parts with at least one drawing tool solved in that at least one of the sheet metal parts localized softening heater is provided. Such a device is suitable in particular for use in an inventive Procedure with the possible described above Configurations and ensures the already in Advantages described in connection with the methods Deep drawing of sheet metal parts.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung erfährt die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung dadurch, daß ein Leerstufen aufweisender Werkzeugsatz zum mehrstufigen Tiefziehen in mindestens einer Leerstufe mindestens eine Heizvorrichtung aufweist. Die Integration der Heizvorrichtung in eine Leerstufe eines Werkzeugsatzes zu mehrstufigem Tiefziehen ermöglicht eine Entkopplung der Vorrichtungen zum Tiefziehen und zum Heizen.The is particularly advantageous Device according to the invention in that an empty stage Tool set for multi-stage deep drawing in at least one blank level at least one Has heating device. The integration of the Heating device in an empty stage of a tool set multi-stage deep drawing enables decoupling of the Thermoforming and heating devices.

Es gibt nun eine Vielzahl von Möglichkeiten zur Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens bzw. der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Tiefziehen von Blechformteilen. Hierzu wird beispielsweise einerseits verwiesen auf die den Patentansprüchen 1 und 7 nachgeordneten Patentansprüche und andererseits auf die Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung. In der Zeichnung zeigt

Fig. 1
im Schnitt ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Tiefziehen von Blechformteilen nach einem ersten Tiefzug,
Fig. 2
im Schnitt das Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Tiefziehen von Blechformteilen während einer ersten Leerstufe und
Fig. 3
im Schnitt das Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Tiefziehen von Blechformteilen nach einem zweiten Tiefzug.
There are now a large number of possibilities for designing the method according to the invention or the device according to the invention for deep-drawing sheet metal parts. For this purpose, reference is made, for example, on the one hand to the claims subordinate to claims 1 and 7 and on the other hand to the description of an exemplary embodiment in conjunction with the drawing. In the drawing shows
Fig. 1
4 shows an exemplary embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention for deep drawing sheet metal parts after a first deep drawing,
Fig. 2
on average the embodiment of a device according to the invention for deep drawing sheet metal parts during a first empty stage and
Fig. 3
in section the embodiment of a device according to the invention for deep drawing sheet metal parts after a second deep drawing.

Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel einer Vorrichtung zum Tiefziehen von Blechformteilen weist eine erste Matrize 1, einen Niederhalter 2 und einen ersten Stempel 3 zur Durchführung des ersten Tiefzuges auf. Bei diesem ersten Tiefzug wird das in einem nicht dargestellten Stanzgitter an ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Stegen gehaltene Blech 10 vom ersten Stempel 3 in die erste Matrize 1 gezogen. Vor diesem ersten Tiefzug läuft bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ein Band in eine Stanze, in der die Bleche 10 aus dem Band gestanzt werden. Dabei sind zwischen den Blechen 10 und dem verbleibenden Stanzgitter Stege vorgesehen, um die Bleche 10 zur weiteren Verarbeitung, in der Regel bis zum Abschluß des Tiefziehens, besser durch die verschiedenen Tiefzugstufen transportieren zu können.The embodiment shown in Fig. 1 Device for deep drawing sheet metal parts has one first die 1, a hold-down 2 and a first Stamp 3 to carry out the first deep drawing. at this first deep draft will not be in one lead frame shown also not shown webs held sheet 10 from the first Stamp 3 pulled into the first die 1. Before this first deep drawing runs at the shown Embodiment a tape in a punch in which the Sheets 10 are punched out of the band. Are there between the sheets 10 and the remaining lead frame Bars provided to the sheets 10 for further Processing, usually until the completion of the Deep drawing, better through the different deep drawing levels to be able to transport.

Bei dem in Fig.1 dargestellten ersten Tiefzug kommt es bei Blechen, die aus zur Kaltverfestigung neigenden Metallen, wie zum Beispiel aus Aluminium, bestehen, zu Kaltverfestigungen, insbesondere in den Bereichen des Bleches 10 in der Nähe des Randes und der Übergänge zum Boden der ersten Matrize 1.The first deep drawing shown in FIG. 1 occurs for sheets that tend to work harden Metals, such as aluminum, are too Strain hardening, especially in the areas of Sheets 10 near the edge and the transitions to Bottom of the first die 1.

Während des in Fig. 2 dargestellten Leerzuges, in dem das Blech 10 aus der ersten Matrize herausgehoben ist und nur vom nicht dargestellten Stanzgitter gehalten wird, werden erfindungsgemäß die verstärkt zur Kaltverfestigung neigenden Bereiche 5 mit Hilfe eines Lasers 6 entfestigungsgeglüht. Hierzu wird der Laser 6 bzw. ein mit einem Laser verbundener Lichtwellenleiter auf die Bereiche 5 gerichtet um dort örtlich und zeitlich begrenzt so viel Wärme in das Blechformteil einzubringen, daß ein Entfestigungsglühen stattfindet. Hierzu kann der Laser 6 nacheinander auf die Bereiche 5 gerichtet werden oder es können auch mehrere Laser vorgesehen sein, die ein paralleles Entfestigungsglühen der ein weiteres Tiefziehen verhindernden oder erschwerenden kaltverfestigten Bereiche 5 gleichzeitig gewährleisten. During the empty train shown in Fig. 2, in which the Sheet 10 is lifted out of the first die and only is held by the lead frame, not shown according to the invention, the strengthened for work hardening regions 5 with the aid of a laser 6 entfestigungsgeglüht. For this purpose, the laser 6 or optical fiber connected to a laser on the Areas 5 directed around there in terms of location and time limited to bring so much heat into the sheet metal part, that a softening anneal takes place. For this, the Lasers 6 are successively aimed at the areas 5 or several lasers can also be provided a parallel softening anneal another Prevent deep drawing or aggravate Ensure work-hardened areas 5 at the same time.

Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Tiefzug rotationssymmetrisch, so daß das Entfestigungsglühen vorteilhafterweise durch eine Rotation des Lasers 6 gegenüber einer Rotationsachse 7 erfolgt. Hierbei überstreicht der Laser 6 die kaltverfestigten Bereiche 5 gleichmäßig.In the illustrated embodiment, the deep drawing is rotationally symmetrical, so that the softening annealing advantageously by rotating the laser 6 with respect to a rotation axis 7. in this connection The laser 6 sweeps over the work-hardened areas 5 evenly.

In Fig. 3 ist schließlich dargestellt, daß das Blechformteil mit Hilfe eines zweiten Stempels 8 in eine zweite Matrize 9 weiter tiefgezogen wird, ohne daß nach dem ersten Tiefzug vorhandene Kaltverfestigungen diesen Tiefzug entscheidend erschweren.In Fig. 3 it is finally shown that the Sheet metal part with the help of a second stamp 8 in one second die 9 is further deep drawn without existing work hardening after the first deep drawing Completely complicate deep drawing.

Gegenüber der ersten Stufe des Tiefzuges gewährleistet die zweite Stufe eine Verkleinerung der Biegeradien des Bleches 10 am oberen Rand (R2<R1) und am Übergang zum Boden (r2<r1). Dabei wird der mittlere Durchmesser verringert (D2<D1). Es werden also die schon beim ersten Tiefzug stark verformten, also auch kaltverfestigten Bereiche 5 nochmals stark verformt. Dies ist nur möglich, wenn die betroffenen Bereiche 5 vor der zweiten Stufe entfestigungsgeglüht worden sind. Die ebenfalls kaltverfestigten Bereiche mit den Radien r1 bzw. r2 werden gezielt nicht entfestigungsgeglüht, da die hier vorhandene Kaltverfestigung während des zweiten Tiefzugs vorteilhaft ist.Guaranteed compared to the first stage of deep drawing the second stage is a reduction in the bending radii of the Sheets 10 at the top (R2 <R1) and at the transition to Bottom (r2 <r1). The mean diameter decreased (D2 <D1). So they'll be the first Deep drawing strongly deformed, i.e. also work hardened Areas 5 strongly deformed again. This is only possible if the affected areas 5 before the second stage have been annealed. The same work-hardened areas with radii r1 or r2 are not selectively annealed as this existing work hardening during the second deep drawing is advantageous.

Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Tiefziehen von Blechformteilen entfällt, wie ohne weiteres ersichtlich, der Durchlauf durch einen Ofen zum Zwecke des Entfestigungsglühens zur Vorbereitung weiterer Tiefzugstufen.In the illustrated embodiment, one Device according to the invention for deep drawing Sheet metal parts, as can be easily seen, the passage through an oven for the purpose of Release annealing to prepare others Tiefzugstufen.

Claims (7)

  1. A method for deep-drawing formed sheet metal parts (10), wherein the formed sheet metal parts are subjected to at least one deep-drawing stage in a deep-drawing press and the formed sheet metal parts are thermally softened in a locally limited fashion in the deep-drawing press, characterized by the fact that the radiation energy of a laser beam (6) is used for the thermal softening process.
  2. The method according to Claim 1, characterized by the fact that, in a multi-stage deep-drawing process carried out in a transfer press, the thermal softening of the formed sheet metal parts (10) takes place during an idle stage.
  3. The method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the formed sheet metal part (10) is thermally softened by the radiation energy (6) in a variable fashion with respect to space (5) and time.
  4. The method according to one of Claims 1-3, characterized by the fact that the formed sheet metal part (10) is inductively heated in a locally limited fashion in addition to the thermal softening with the aid of the laser beam.
  5. The method according to one of Claims 1-4, characterized by the fact that the heat transferred from a heated drawing tool to the formed sheet metal part by means of thermal conduction is additionally utilized for the thermal softening process.
  6. A device for deep-drawing formed sheet metal parts, with at least one drawing tool (1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9) and at least one heating device (6) that thermally softens the formed sheet metal parts in a locally limited fashion, in particular, for use in connection with the method according to one of Claims 1-5, characterized by the fact that at least one laser is provided as the heating device (6).
  7. The device according to Claim 6, characterized by the fact that a tool set for a multi-stage deep-drawing process which has several idle stages contains at least one heating device (6) that is active during at least one idle stage.
EP00110779A 1999-05-21 2000-05-20 Method and apparatus for deep drawing sheet metal plates Expired - Lifetime EP1055465B1 (en)

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DE19923540 1999-05-21
DE19923540A DE19923540A1 (en) 1999-05-21 1999-05-21 Method and device for deep drawing sheet metal parts

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EP1055465A3 EP1055465A3 (en) 2001-04-18
EP1055465B1 true EP1055465B1 (en) 2002-12-18

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DE102004062896B4 (en) * 2004-11-12 2006-09-07 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Device and method for the positive connection of workpieces
DE102010016841B3 (en) * 2010-05-07 2011-11-17 Otto Vollmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for manufacturing socket from deep-drawable steel band, involves transforming sheet metal blank into socket and subsequently separating collar, where tear-off edge formed by separation of collar is melted and subsequently cooled
DE102011050383B4 (en) * 2011-05-16 2017-04-13 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Machining tool with at least two workstations
US9067251B2 (en) * 2011-06-13 2015-06-30 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Method of forming an article from metal alloy sheet material

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DE2332287C3 (en) * 1973-06-25 1980-06-04 Wuerttembergische Metallwarenfabrik, 7340 Geislingen Method and device for deep drawing of sheet steel
FR2692504A1 (en) * 1992-06-17 1993-12-24 Lorraine Laminage Warm drawing of steel sheet into complex shapes - using appts. that rapidly heats localised areas of blank, so reducing operating cycle
JPH10244325A (en) * 1997-03-04 1998-09-14 Kagaku Gijutsu Shinko Jigyodan Sequential deep drawing device

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ES2188446T3 (en) 2003-07-01
DE19923540A1 (en) 2000-12-07
EP1055465A2 (en) 2000-11-29
EP1055465A3 (en) 2001-04-18

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