EP1048426B1 - Dispositif pour distribuer des quantités déterminées de poudres ou de matériaux granulaires sur des surfaces - Google Patents

Dispositif pour distribuer des quantités déterminées de poudres ou de matériaux granulaires sur des surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1048426B1
EP1048426B1 EP00830212A EP00830212A EP1048426B1 EP 1048426 B1 EP1048426 B1 EP 1048426B1 EP 00830212 A EP00830212 A EP 00830212A EP 00830212 A EP00830212 A EP 00830212A EP 1048426 B1 EP1048426 B1 EP 1048426B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
openings
stopper
rows
stoppers
parallel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00830212A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1048426A2 (fr
EP1048426A3 (fr
Inventor
Vito Abbatecola
Mirco Bagli
Lorenzo Ferrari
Gian Piero Pizzingrilli
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B28B11/048—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers by spraying or projecting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers

Definitions

  • the invention is particularly useful for the application of "dry" ceramic materials in granular or powder form, such as for example glazes, on the surfaces of other ceramic materials used in the manufacture of ceramic tiles, with the aim of realising, through an appropriate program-controlled distribution of the powders, a design giving rise to a decoration.
  • a preferred application of the invention is to achieve a controlled distribution of dry glaze on the material destined to form tiles, which application is done directly in the die used for pressing.
  • the special structure of the invention means that it can be inserted between the lower and the upper part of the die, guided by a horizontally-slidable truck.
  • the invention can also be inserted statically in a usual production line, along which the material to be decorated with dry glaze is transferred.
  • the desired design can be made by distributing the dry and coloured materials over the whole tile depth, so that subsequently, during the polishing and/or after the laying phases, it can be sanded to eliminate imperfections or signs of wear. This method is typical in the production and application of vitrified stoneware.
  • the full-depth product is of high quality and is expensive.
  • a production technique which is being increasingly used involves loading a die in layers, where a first load contains materials of not particularly high aesthetic quality (and therefore cheap), and a second load contains better-quality materials (always in powder form).
  • the first of these consists in making identical decorations, or partially varied though in the nature of variations on a principal theme (e.g. veining, colours arranged in spots, all done with a certain regularity, mixed colours following a cyclical logic). This leads to a product which contains relatively casual combinations on the various individual tiles, conferring thus a decorative result which is predictable only in its most typical and essential elements.
  • the second of the shared characteristics consists in obtaining the decorations by using apparatus having the common characteristic of having to be replaced either totally or in part when the decoration or tile format is to be changed.
  • Another production method exists in which the tiles formed at the press have already been glazed, a single-colour undercoat, and are then decorated on the production line with a dry glaze, using silk-screens or shaped templates if an identical pattern is to be made on each tile, or by specially-made machines which distribute the glaze, usually decorating fairly irregularly with vein patterns.
  • the main aim of the present invention is to obviate the limitations and drawbacks in the prior art by providing an apparatus which can carry out in-line decorations while being able to change decoration at each decoration cycle.
  • Another aim of the invention is to enable any desired distribution of dry glaze to be made on the single tiles, completely independently of each other, so as to obtain designs or decorations which are different and various without any need for substituting the special apparatus needed for producing the designs.
  • a further aim of the invention is to enable a dripping or mottling of batched and differentiated quantities of powders.
  • a still further aim is to enable, for each "drip", a depositing of a batched quantity of a mixture of two powders (i.e. colours) in which the composition is predetermined.
  • the invention has the advantage of being simple to construct and fumctional.
  • a further advantage of the invention consists in its limited mass, which enables it to be inserted between the bottom and top dies of the mould. It is guided by a horizontally-movable truck.
  • a still further advantage of the invention is that it can operate with more than one colour.
  • 1 denotes in its entirety a hopper having a bottom 2.
  • the bottom 2 affords openings 3 which, in the illustrated embodiment, are constituted by round holes.
  • the openings 3 are identical and are arranged parallel and side-by-side in two rows, where each row comprises a plurality of identical and aligned equidistant openings 3.
  • one line alone of openings 3 could be afforded, still identical and equi-distantly arranged.
  • the two pluralities of openings 3 arranged parallel and side-by-side in two rows are located perfectly symmetrically with respect to the median line of the two rows, and belong to two different hoppers 1.
  • An obturator acts independently on each of the openings 3.
  • the obturator comprises a stopper 4, having a U-shaped transversal section, which is predisposed to act tangentially in proximity of the portion of surface of the bottom 2 which affords the relative opening 3, so that the upwardly-projecting ribs 40 can insert in the hollow seatings 30 afforded in the bottom 2, thus effectively closing and frontally sealing on a sealing surface 5 arranged laterally to the opening 3.
  • the top ends of the upwardly-projecting ribs 40 are located higher than the corresponding openings 3. This prevents the powder supplied by the opening 3 from exiting laterally.
  • the U-shaped frontal section of the stopper 4 destined to contact with the surface 5 to effect the seal, is very thin and is characterised by a very small contact surface which helps to prevent an undesired loss of powders as well, in general, as other defects of closure due to an accumulation of powders between the front of the stopper 4 and the corresponding sealing surface 5.
  • the frontal closure also guarantees: long working life for the various components due to the fact that there is no dragging between working parts; wide passage sections for the powders, with limited runs for all the parts involved in the aperture manoeuvres, which results in high operative frequency; a uniform fall of the powders over the whole breadth of the stopper 4.
  • Each U-shaped stopper 4 is operated by a linear actuator constituted by a cylinder 6, a run of which can be regulated so as to enable regulation of the aperture of the stopper 4.
  • An endrun stop 7 is provided for the above purpose, which can be displaced and positioned, on command, on a perpendicular plane to the direction of action of each cylinder 6 and parallel to the sealing surface 5.
  • the endrun stop 7 exhibits a face which is composed of little steps 8, each of which is predisposed to interact with a corresponding stop surface 9 provided on each stopper 4.
  • This stop surface 9 blocks the aperture run of the stopper 4.
  • a plurality of stoppers 4 operate on each of the two rows of openings 3; the stoppers 4 are identical and are predisposed so that in the position of closure, their frontal parts achieve the respective closure by effecting a frontal seal on the corresponding sealing surfaces 5 arranged laterally.
  • the stoppers 4 operating on one row are opposite to those operating on the other row.
  • the bushes 13 are axially slidable along headed pivots 15 fixed to the plane 12 and are freely housed internally of slots 16.
  • Deposit of the powders released by the openings 3 is not done directly, but rather by means of a small symmetrical hopper 11 which is predisposed below the openings 3 so as to collect and convey the powder or granular material released by the openings 3 to guide the dispensing thereof from a symmetrically-arranged opening with respect to the two pluralities of openings 3.
  • the use of the hopper 11 not only means that the exact position of release of the powders for all the pairs of symmetrically-facing openings 3 can be spatially determined, but also enables (for each release cycle) the two powders stored in the two symmetrically side-by-side hoppers to be mixed.
  • the composition of the mixture is easily obtained by batching the quantities released by each of the two symmetrically-facing openings 3.
  • the cylinders 6 for moving the stoppers 4 of each of the plurality of openings 3 associated to a single hopper 1 are arranged on at least two parallel rows, one row located above the other, so that the axis of each cylinder 6 in the higher row is contained in the vertical median plane halfway between the axes of two contiguous cylinders 6 located in the lower row.
  • each block 17 is constituted by two parallel rows each of which is composed of a same number of cylinders 6 in which the surfaces laterally delimiting the blocks coincide with the vertical halfway planes of two contiguous cylinders 6.
  • Management of each single stopper 4 is electronically controlled by means of a system receiving a start-cycle signal after a prefixed displacement of the hopper with respect to the tile (on which the powders are to be deposited in a predetermined pattern).
  • the signal starts the cycle, which then commands each single stopper 4 independently according to a prefixed program determined by a "point-by-point” reconstruction of the pattern to be produced.
  • the "points" are batched quantities of powders deposited at distances one from another which correspond, in one direction, to the interaxis between the openings 3 of the single hopper 1, while in the other direction - i.e. the relative motion of the hopper with respect to the underlying tile - they correspond to the displacements which the whole hopper makes at each cycle.
  • the hopper - constituted by two hoppers 1 symmetrically placed side-by-side-carries out its function following a relative translation motion with respect to the surface on which the granular or powder material is to be deposited.
  • the distribution is controlled by a program which correlates the relative hopper-surface position with the aperture (followed by the release and therefore the deposit of the material) or the closure of the single opening 3.
  • the program generates a sort of virtual silk screen or matrix on a predetermined surface on which the design or pattern is to be produced by depositing (or not depositing) batched quantities of dry material (dry glaze in ceramic applications) at predetermined points.
  • the apparatus of the invention can also be solidly associated to the loading truck which usually equips the press used for forming the tiles.
  • the limited mass of the apparatus of the invention means that in order to carry out the operative cycle the run of the truck is subject to only a small increase with respect to the normal run, which increase corresponds to the transversal dimension of the hopper. This leads to a very small reduction in productivity with respect to the normal pressing cycle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Glanulating (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Un dispositif pour distribuer des quantités de poudres ou de matériaux granulaires sur des surfaces, comprenant une trémie (1) inférieurement pourvue d'un fond (2) qui présente au moins une pluralité d'ouvertures de déchargement de poudres (3), chacune desquelles ouvertures (3) est indépendamment ouverte et fermée par un obturateur, caractérisé en ce que l'obturateur comprend un élément de fermeture (4) ayant une section transversale en forme de U, lequel élément de fermeture (4) opère horizontalement à proximité de la portion du fond de la trémie (2) contenant une ouverture de la pluralité d'ouvertures (3); l'élément de fermeture (4) ayant des nervures (40) saillantes vers le haut à ses extrémités e s'insérant à l'intérieur de logements creux (30) présents dans le fond (2) de la trémie, en réalisant une fermeture et une étanchéité frontale sur une surface d'étanchéité(5) disposée latéralement à l'ouverture (3); les bords supérieurs des rainures (40) saillantes vers le haut étant situé supérieurement à l'ouverture (3).
  2. Un dispositif de la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la section transversale en forme de U de l'élément de fermeture (4), dont la section transversale est destinée à entrer en contact avec la surface d'étanchéité (5) pour réaliser l'étanchéité, est très fine et présente une surface de contact très réduite.
  3. Le dispositif de la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque élément de fermeture (4) avec une section transversale en forme de U est mis en mouvement par un actionneur linéaire constitué d'un vérin (6); des moyens étant pourvus pour réguler la course de l'élément de fermeture (4), au cours de laquelle l'élément de fermeture (4) ouvre l'ouverture.
  4. Le dispositif de la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour réguler la course de l'élément de fermeture (4) comprennent un élément de fin de course (7) pouvant être déplacé et positionné sur commande sur un plan perpendiculaire à une direction d'action dudit vérin (6) et parallèle à la surface d'étanchéité (5); l'élément de fin de course (7) présentant une face composée de gradins (8), chacun desquels interagit avec une surface d'arrêt (9) prévue sur l'élément de fermeture (9) prévu sur le l'élément de fermeture (4) pour fonctionner comme un arrêt de fin de course de l'élément pour l'élément de fermeture (4).
  5. Le dispositif de la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une pluralité d'ouvertures (3) qui sont identiques, alignées et disposées à intervalles constants.
  6. Le dispositif de la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend deux pluralités d'ouvertures (3) disposées parallèlement et côte à côte en deux files; chacune des files comprenant une pluralité d'ouvertures (3) identiques, alignées et disposées à intervalles constants; une pluralité d'éléments de fermeture (4) opérant sur les ouvertures (3); les éléments de fermeture (4) étant identiques et disposés de manière à ce que dans une position de fermeture des ouvertures (3), les parties frontales des éléments de fermeture (4) réalisent la position de fermeture en créant une étanchéité frontale sur les surfaces d'étanchéité (5) correspondantes disposées latéralement; les éléments de fermeture (4) opérant sur une file étant située opposée aux éléments de fermeture (4) opérant sur une autre file.
  7. Le dispositif de la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les deux pluralités d'ouvertures (3) disposées parallèlement et côte à côte en deux files sont situées parfaitement symétriques par rapport à la ligne médiane des deux files; les deux pluralités d'ouvertures (3) étant disposées parallèlement et côte à côte de manière à former deux files appartenant à deux trémies (1) différentes.
  8. Le dispositif de la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que pour chaque file d'ouvertures (3) est présent un unique élément de fin de course (7) qui est une barre horizontale située parallèlement aux ouvertures (3) et pouvant sur commande être déplacée et positionnée sur un plan perpendiculaire à une direction d'action des vérins (6) et parallèle à une surface d'étanchéité correspondante (5); l'élément de fin de course (7) étant commandé par des actionneurs (10) pour assumer une position verticale prédéterminée dans laquelle peut se produire une interaction d'un unique gradin (8) avec une surface d'arrêt (9) sur un élément de fermeture (4).
  9. Le dispositif de la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une petite trémie symétrique (11) prédisposée inférieurement aux ouvertures (3) de manière à recueillir et convoyer le matériau granulaire ou pulvérulent relâché par les ouvertures (3) et conduire le matériau pulvérulent dans une sortie disposée symétriquement par rapport aux deux pluralités d'ouvertures (3).
  10. Le dispositif de la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les vérins (6) pour la mise en mouvement des éléments de fermeture (4) de chaque pluralité d'ouvertures (3) sont disposés sur au moins deux files, une file étant située à un niveau supérieur par rapport à l'autre de manière à ce que un axe d'un vérin unique (6) d'une file supérieure soit contenue dans un plan vertical médian à mi-chemin entre deux vérins (6) contigus et alignés de la file inférieure.
  11. Le dispositif de la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les vérins (6) sont réalisés dans des blocs égaux entre eux pouvant être pouvant être associés pour réaliser des blocs plus gros; chaque bloc étant composé de deux files parallèles, situées l'une sur l'autre, chacune desquelles étant composée du même nombre de vérins (6); les surfaces latérales des blocs coincidant avec le plan médian vertical.
EP00830212A 1999-04-27 2000-03-21 Dispositif pour distribuer des quantités déterminées de poudres ou de matériaux granulaires sur des surfaces Expired - Lifetime EP1048426B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT1999MO000085A IT1310797B1 (it) 1999-04-27 1999-04-27 Apparecchiatura per la distribuzione di quantita' dosate di materialiin forma granulare e/o polverulenta su superfici.
ITMO990085 1999-04-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1048426A2 EP1048426A2 (fr) 2000-11-02
EP1048426A3 EP1048426A3 (fr) 2001-08-08
EP1048426B1 true EP1048426B1 (fr) 2003-11-05

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00830212A Expired - Lifetime EP1048426B1 (fr) 1999-04-27 2000-03-21 Dispositif pour distribuer des quantités déterminées de poudres ou de matériaux granulaires sur des surfaces

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1048426B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE253439T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60006310D1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1310797B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110712278B (zh) * 2019-12-07 2021-05-25 景德镇一牧堂陶瓷科技有限公司 一种用于陶瓷制品生产工艺的喷颜料装置

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE61070C (de) * H. CLAUS in Thale a. Harz Maschine zum Ueberziehen von Platten oder dergl. mit flüssiger Email oder anderen flüssigen Stoffen
GB1560831A (en) * 1977-08-19 1980-02-13 Redland Roof Tiles Ltd Manufacture of tiles slabs bricks blocks and like articles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1310797B1 (it) 2002-02-22
ATE253439T1 (de) 2003-11-15
EP1048426A2 (fr) 2000-11-02
EP1048426A3 (fr) 2001-08-08
ITMO990085A0 (it) 1999-04-27
ITMO990085A1 (it) 2000-10-27
DE60006310D1 (de) 2003-12-11

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