EP1048052B1 - Method for manufacturing an electrode for discharge lamps - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing an electrode for discharge lamps Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1048052B1
EP1048052B1 EP98916838A EP98916838A EP1048052B1 EP 1048052 B1 EP1048052 B1 EP 1048052B1 EP 98916838 A EP98916838 A EP 98916838A EP 98916838 A EP98916838 A EP 98916838A EP 1048052 B1 EP1048052 B1 EP 1048052B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
pin
solid body
solid
laser
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP98916838A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1048052A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Eggers
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Eggers Thomas
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0732—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the construction of the electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/067—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0672—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the construction of the electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/067—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0675—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0735—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a Electrode for discharge lamps with an at least partially surrounded by a solid body, the solid body is formed from a high-melting material and the solid is designed as a cylinder in which an axial bore is introduced.
  • Electrodes of the type mentioned are in discharge lamps used to give off electrons in a gas discharge or record.
  • the electrodes each contain one Pen, from the free end of which electrons emerge or enter the pen at this end, with the pen in the neighborhood of its free end usually partially is enclosed by a heat sink, which usually consists of one wire wound around the pin is formed. It did shown that both the attachment of such, from a coiled wire formed heat sink on the pin as also a robust fixation of the heat sink to the pin only can be achieved with great technical effort, the Results regarding a fixed fixation of the heat sink the pen are not satisfactory.
  • EP 0 756 312 A1 describes an electrode with a heat sink high-melting metallic material known, the coaxial is applied to this. Using a powder metallurgical The heat sink material becomes solid with the process Electrode connected.
  • the object of the invention is a method for the production to create an electrode for discharge lamps, in which the Heatsink is easily applied to the pen and making a robust unit with the Pin is connected.
  • This task is in a process for producing a Electrode for discharge lamps with an at least partially solved by a solid-enclosed pin, in which the Solid is formed from a high-melting material and the solid is designed as a cylinder in which one axial bore is introduced by means of a laser.
  • the feature that the solid is formed from a high-melting material is achieved that also the function of a heat sink solid body can be produced as a solid block, the both because of its material properties and its Dimensions can be firmly connected with the pin.
  • the method according to the invention is the solid a material formed that has a melting point above of 1800 ° C.
  • the solid is preferably formed from tungsten.
  • the solid is preferably in the form of a cylinder formed, in which an axial bore is made.
  • the axial bore is dimensioned so that the pin of the Electrode can be inserted into the bore. After this Insert the pin in the axial bore of the Solid body is the solid body with the pin by means of a A multitude of different methods to form a fixed unit connectable, as explained below.
  • the hole is according to a preferred embodiment of the electrode according to the invention by means of a laser, especially a Nd: YAG laser in the cylinder brought in.
  • the process is the solid from a plurality Partially arranged solid composed. This ensures that also special long electrode bodies according to the invention can be produced, which due to a limited depth of penetration of one Laser beam can not be produced in one piece.
  • the end of the pin on the solid body side is welded to the end of the solid body surrounding it.
  • This welding is preferably carried out by means of a laser, in particular an Nd: YAG or CO 2 laser, and has the effect that the common end of the pin and the solid body surrounding it is in the form of a convex dome, the edge region of which merges into the solid body.
  • a tip of the electrode according to the invention formed in this way has the advantage that it is particularly effective and wear-resistant.
  • the process is the solid with at least one Provide cross hole.
  • a cross hole before Drilling an axial hole in a solid introduced, it enables deduction of those Evaporation particles to the outside that when inserting the axial bore by means of a laser.
  • the education axial drilling by means of laser beams is due to this the rapid escape of the vapor particles especially from the area penetrated by laser beams effective.
  • a Cross hole in a solid created the possibility the solid at a fixed point other than the crest to weld with the pin.
  • the Possibility created the solid except one Only weld the tip at those points to weld the pin to which cross holes are provided.
  • the welding of these fixed points preferably also carried out by means of laser beams.
  • the introduction of cross holes in the solid also enables the introduction or dumping of Emission pastes in the cross holes.
  • emission pastes generally such substances that have an electron emission convey the electrode.
  • the The solid thus fulfills the electrode according to the invention lift a cooling function also the function, an increased Electron emission.
  • the emission paste contains for example thorium oxide.
  • the bore of the solid body of the electrode produced according to the invention preferably has an inner diameter that is larger than the diameter of the pin, the gap between the solid and the pin using a Melt is filled.
  • the melt contains preferably molybdenum. But there are also tantalum, niobium, Titanium or platinum. This makes one robust connection between the solid and the pin created.
  • the Solid body by means of a plurality from the outside on it impacting stamps are mechanically shrunk so far that he is in a mechanically tight connection with the pin occurs.
  • the solid preferably at one or more fixed points with the pen welded, the corresponding welding process is preferably generated by laser radiation. Also through one in particular at a plurality of fixed points welding the solid directly to the pin, in Area of common outer contact edges or in Area of cross holes, is a solid mechanical connection allows between the solid and the pin.
  • Electrodes 11, 11 ' arranged within a quartz glass bulb 12 in such a way that one end each, which is also called an electrode pin 13, 13 'is referred to, in the glass bulb 12 is welded.
  • the electrodes 11, 11 ' face each other opposite ends of the piston 12 are arranged.
  • the electrode pins 13, 13 ' are over molybdenum foils 14, 14' with molybdenum pins 15, 15 'connected, each to the power connection are provided.
  • the molybdenum foils 14, 14 ' act as Power supply elements within the glass bulb to the electrode pins 13, 13 '.
  • the electrodes 11, 11 ' are each in the area of their ends 16, 16 'of an electrode body or heat sink 17, 17 'enclosed.
  • Fig. 2 is a conventional electrode 11, as in one Discharge bulb 12 according to FIG. 1 is used in a Side view shown.
  • the electrode body or heat sink 17 is made of a wound around the electrode pin 13 Wire formed, the ends 17a and 17b are exposed.
  • the Wire can have two layers, as shown in the figure be wound in different directions.
  • Electrode 11 is in place of a wire coil shown in FIG. 2 17 a hollow cylindrical solid body 17 as an electrode body or heat sink around the relevant part 18 of the Electrode pin 13 is provided.
  • the electrode body 17 is manufactured as a solid block of a solid, which is formed from a high-melting material.
  • the electrode 11 shown in FIG. 3 has a free electrode end 16 on.
  • Electrode 11 denote the same reference numerals and the same components, as with the electrode shown in Fig. 3. The difference the electrode shown in FIG. 4 faces the latter 11, however, no separate electrode end 16.
  • Electrode end 16a As shown in Fig. 5, is according to a preferred embodiment the electrode 11 shown in FIG. 4 the "flush" Electrode end 16a by means of a laser with the electrode body 17 welded so that an electrode end 16b is formed, its diameter in contrast to that shown in Fig. 3 Electrode end 16 is hemispherical on the outside is, and enlarged to the diameter of the electrode body 17 is.
  • a manufactured according to the invention The electrode is therefore a particularly high constancy of the emitted Light intensity.
  • Electrodes is a plurality of stamps 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 arranged concentrically around an electrode 11.
  • the stamp 20 to 25 are by means of a mechanism, not shown high pressure reproducibly movable in the direction of the arrow, whereby the electrode 11 shown in cross section in the center the stamp 20 to 25 is arranged so that the stamp 20th to 25 each at substantially the same times on the Rest electrode body 17 of electrode 11 and then applying the same force to the electrode body 17 in the direction of the electrode pin 18 press, taking deformation of both the electrode body 17 and the electrode pin 18 of the electrode body 17th pressed together with the electrode pin 18 to form a unit is, as in a corresponding, shown in cross section Electrode 11 is shown in Figure 7.
  • the electrode produced is the electrode body 17 soldered to electrode pin 18 using tantalum as solder or welded.
  • the soldering or welding of the electrode body 17 with the electrode pin 18 is an alternative Method compared to the method shown in FIG. 6 for permanent, firm connection of an electrode body 17 with an electrode pin 18.
  • produced electrode has the bore of the solid 17 has an inner diameter that is larger than that Diameter of the pin 16 is, with the space between the solid body 17 and the pin 16 with the help of a Melt is filled.
  • the melt contains molybdenum.
  • produced electrode has the electrode body 17 cross bores 20, 20 '.
  • the one shown in FIG Embodiment of an electrode produced according to the invention is the electrode body 17 in the transverse bores 20, 20 ' the electrode pin 13 welded for improved adhesion to have on the electrode body 13.
  • the electrode produced is the electrode body 17 from a plurality of partial solid bodies arranged one behind the other 17 ', 17 ", 17' '' and 17 '' ''. Between these Recesses 22 are provided for partial solid bodies. The dimensions the recesses 22 can also be larger or smaller than be formed in the figure.

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrode for discharge lamps, comprising a pin which is at least partially surrounded by a solid body. Said solid body consists of a material with a high melting point. The cooling body is therefore easy to mount on the pin and can be solidly connected to the same so that they form a robust unit.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Elektrode für Entladungslampen mit einem mindestens teilweise von einem Festkörper umschlossenen Stift, wobei der Festkörper aus einem hochschmelzenden Material gebildet ist und der Festkörper als Zylinder ausgebildet ist, in den eine axiale Bohrung eingebracht ist.The invention relates to a method for producing a Electrode for discharge lamps with an at least partially surrounded by a solid body, the solid body is formed from a high-melting material and the solid is designed as a cylinder in which an axial bore is introduced.

Elektroden der eingangs genannten Art werden in Entladungslampen verwendet, um bei einer Gasentladung Elektronen abzugeben oder aufzunehmen. Die Elektroden enthalten jeweils einen Stift, von dessen freiem Ende Elektronen jeweils austreten oder an diesem Ende in den Stift eintreten, wobei der Stift in der Nachbarschaft seines freien Endes in der Regel teilweise von einem Kühlkörper umschlossen ist, der meistens aus einem um den Stift gewickelten Draht gebildet ist. Dabei hat es sich gezeigt, daß sowohl das Anbringen eines derartigen, aus einem gewickelten Draht gebildeten Kühlkörpers auf dem Stift als auch eine robuste Fixierung des Kühlkörpers an dem Stift nur unter hohem technischen Aufwand zu erreichen ist, wobei die Ergebnisse bezüglich einer festen Fixierung des Kühlkörpers an dem Stift nicht zufriedenstellend sind.Electrodes of the type mentioned are in discharge lamps used to give off electrons in a gas discharge or record. The electrodes each contain one Pen, from the free end of which electrons emerge or enter the pen at this end, with the pen in the neighborhood of its free end usually partially is enclosed by a heat sink, which usually consists of one wire wound around the pin is formed. It did shown that both the attachment of such, from a coiled wire formed heat sink on the pin as also a robust fixation of the heat sink to the pin only can be achieved with great technical effort, the Results regarding a fixed fixation of the heat sink the pen are not satisfactory.

Aus der EP 0 756 312 A1 ist eine Elektrode mit Kühlkörper aus hochschmelzendem metallischem Werkstoff bekannt, der koaxial zu dieser aufgebracht wird. Mittels eines pulvermetallurgischen Verfahrens wird der Kühlkörperwerkstoff fest mit der Elektrode verbunden. EP 0 756 312 A1 describes an electrode with a heat sink high-melting metallic material known, the coaxial is applied to this. Using a powder metallurgical The heat sink material becomes solid with the process Electrode connected.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Elektrode für Entladungslampen zu schaffen, bei der der Kühlkörper auf einfache Weise auf den Stift aufgebracht wird und unter Herstellung einer robusten Einheit fest mit dem Stift verbunden wird.The object of the invention is a method for the production to create an electrode for discharge lamps, in which the Heatsink is easily applied to the pen and making a robust unit with the Pin is connected.

Diese Aufgabe ist bei einem Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Elektrode für Entladungslampen mit einem mindestens teilweise von einem Festkörper umschlossenen Stift gelöst, bei dem der Festkörper aus einem hochschmelzendem Material gebildet ist und der Festkörper als Zylinder ausgebildet ist, in den eine axiale Bohrung mittels eines Lasers eingebracht wird. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This task is in a process for producing a Electrode for discharge lamps with an at least partially solved by a solid-enclosed pin, in which the Solid is formed from a high-melting material and the solid is designed as a cylinder in which one axial bore is introduced by means of a laser. advantageous Further developments of the method according to the invention Subject of the dependent claims.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird durch das Merkmal, daß der Festkörper aus einem hochschmelzendem Material gebildet ist, erreicht, daß der auch die Funktion eines Kühlkörpers innehabende Festkörper als massiver Block herstellbar ist, der sowohl aufgrund seiner Materialbeschaffenheit als auch seiner Abmessungen mit dem Stift fest verbindbar ist. In the method according to the invention, the feature that the solid is formed from a high-melting material is achieved that also the function of a heat sink solid body can be produced as a solid block, the both because of its material properties and its Dimensions can be firmly connected with the pin.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist der Festkörper dabei aus einem Material gebildet, das einen Schmelzpunkt oberhalb von 1800 °C aufweist.According to a preferred embodiment of the The method according to the invention is the solid a material formed that has a melting point above of 1800 ° C.

Vorzugsweise ist der Festkörper aus Wolfram gebildet.The solid is preferably formed from tungsten.

Der Festkörper ist vorzugsweise in der Form eines Zylinders ausgebildet, in den eine axiale Bohrung eingebracht ist. Die axiale Bohrung ist dabei so bemessen, daß der Stift der Elektrode in die Bohrung einbringbar ist. Nach dem Einbringen des Stiftes in die axiale Bohrung des Festkörpers ist der Festkörper mit dem Stift mittels einer Mehrzahl unterschiedlicher Methoden zu einer festen Einheit verbindbar, wie weiter unten ausgeführt wird. Die Bohrung ist dabei gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Elektrode mittels eines Lasers, insbesondere eines Nd:YAG-Lasers in den Zylinder eingebracht.The solid is preferably in the form of a cylinder formed, in which an axial bore is made. The axial bore is dimensioned so that the pin of the Electrode can be inserted into the bore. After this Insert the pin in the axial bore of the Solid body is the solid body with the pin by means of a A multitude of different methods to form a fixed unit connectable, as explained below. The hole is according to a preferred embodiment of the electrode according to the invention by means of a laser, especially a Nd: YAG laser in the cylinder brought in.

Gemäß einer wichtigen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist der Festkörper aus einer Mehrzahl hintereinander angeordneter Teil-Festkörper zusammengesetzt. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß auch besonders lange erfindungsgemäße Elektrodenkörper herstellbar sind, die aufgrund einer begrenzten Eindringtiefe eines Laserstrahls in einstückiger Form nicht herstellbar sind.According to an important embodiment of the invention The process is the solid from a plurality Partially arranged solid composed. This ensures that also special long electrode bodies according to the invention can be produced, which due to a limited depth of penetration of one Laser beam can not be produced in one piece.

Gemäß einer anderen wichtigen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird das festkörperseitige Ende des Stiftes mit dem es umschließenden Ende des Festkörpers verschweißt. Dieses Verschweißen wird vorzugsweise mittels eines Lasers, insbesondere Nd:YAG- oder CO2-Lasers durchgeführt und bewirkt, daß das gemeinsame Ende des Stiftes und des ihn umschließenden Festkörpers in Form einer konvexen Kuppe ausgeführt ist, deren Randbereich in den Festkörper übergeht. Eine derart gebildete Kuppe der erfindungsgemäßen Elektrode weist den Vorteil auf, daß sie besonders effektiv und verschleißfest ist.According to another important embodiment of the method according to the invention, the end of the pin on the solid body side is welded to the end of the solid body surrounding it. This welding is preferably carried out by means of a laser, in particular an Nd: YAG or CO 2 laser, and has the effect that the common end of the pin and the solid body surrounding it is in the form of a convex dome, the edge region of which merges into the solid body. A tip of the electrode according to the invention formed in this way has the advantage that it is particularly effective and wear-resistant.

Gemäß einer wichtigen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist der Festkörper mit mindestens einer Querbohrung versehen. Wird eine solche Querbohrung vor Einbringen einer Axialbohrung in einen Festkörper eingebracht, so ermöglicht sie einen Abzug derjenigen Verdampfungspartikel nach außen hin, die beim Einbringen der Axialbohrung mittels Lasers entstehen. Die Bildung einer Axialbohrung mittels Laserstrahlen ist dabei aufgrund des so bewirkten schnellen Entweichens der Dampfpartikel aus dem von Laserstrahlen durchdrungenen Bereich besonders wirkungsvoll. Des weiteren wird durch das Einbringen einer Querbohrung in einen Festkörper die Möglichkeit geschaffen, den Festkörper an einer weiteren Fixstelle als der Kuppe mit dem Stift zu verschweißen. Alternativ wird dadurch die Möglichkeit geschaffen, den Festkörper unter Ausnahme einer Verschweißung der Kuppe lediglich an denjenigen Stellen mit dem Stift zu verschweißen, an denen Querbohrungen vorcesehen sind. Das Verschweißen dieser Fixstellen wird vorzugsweise ebenfalls mittels Laserstrahlen durchgeführt. Das Einbringen von Querbohrungen in den Festkörper ermöglicht des weiteren ein Einbringen bzw. Deponieren von Emissionspasten in den Querbohrungen. Emissionspasten sind dabei generell solche Stoffe, die eine Elektronenemission der Elektrode fördern. Bei dieser Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Elektrode erfüllt der Festkörper somit heben einer Kühlfunktion auch die Funktion, einer erhöhten Elektronenemission. Die Emissionspaste enthält dabei beispielsweise Thoriumoxyd.According to an important embodiment of the invention The process is the solid with at least one Provide cross hole. Will such a cross hole before Drilling an axial hole in a solid introduced, it enables deduction of those Evaporation particles to the outside that when inserting the axial bore by means of a laser. The education axial drilling by means of laser beams is due to this the rapid escape of the vapor particles especially from the area penetrated by laser beams effective. Furthermore, by introducing a Cross hole in a solid created the possibility the solid at a fixed point other than the crest to weld with the pin. Alternatively, the Possibility created the solid except one Only weld the tip at those points to weld the pin to which cross holes are provided. The welding of these fixed points preferably also carried out by means of laser beams. The introduction of cross holes in the solid also enables the introduction or dumping of Emission pastes in the cross holes. Are emission pastes generally such substances that have an electron emission convey the electrode. In this embodiment the The solid thus fulfills the electrode according to the invention lift a cooling function also the function, an increased Electron emission. The emission paste contains for example thorium oxide.

Die Bohrung des Festkörpers der erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Elektrode weist vorzugsweise einen Innendurchmesser auf, der größer als der Durchmesser des Stiftes ist, wobei der Zwischenraum zwischen dem Festkörper und dem Stift mit Hilfe einer Schmelze ausgefüllt ist. Die Schmelze enthält dabei vorzugsweise Molybdän. Es kommen aber auch Tantal, Niob, Titan oder Platin in Betracht. Dadurch ist jeweils eine robuste Verbindung zwischen dem Festkörper und dem Stift geschaffen. Alternativ zu einer Schmelze kann der Festkörper mittels einer Mehrzahl von außen auf ihn einwirkenden Stempel mechanisch so weit geschrumpft werden, daß er in eine mechanisch feste Verbindung mit dem Stift tritt.The bore of the solid body of the electrode produced according to the invention preferably has an inner diameter that is larger than the diameter of the pin, the gap between the solid and the pin using a Melt is filled. The melt contains preferably molybdenum. But there are also tantalum, niobium, Titanium or platinum. This makes one robust connection between the solid and the pin created. As an alternative to a melt, the Solid body by means of a plurality from the outside on it impacting stamps are mechanically shrunk so far that he is in a mechanically tight connection with the pin occurs.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird der Festkörper vorzugsweise an einem oder mehr Fixpunkten mit dem Stift verschweißt, wobei der entsprechende Schweißvorgang vorzugsweise durch Laserstrahlung erzeugt ist. Auch durch ein insbesondere an einer Mehrzahl von Fixpunkten erfolgten direkten verschweißens des Festkörpers mit dem Stift, im Bereich gemeinsamer äußerer Berührungskanten oder im Bereich von Querbohrungen, ist eine feste mechanische Verbindung zwischen dem Festkörper und dem Stift ermöglicht.In the method according to the invention, the solid preferably at one or more fixed points with the pen welded, the corresponding welding process is preferably generated by laser radiation. Also through one in particular at a plurality of fixed points welding the solid directly to the pin, in Area of common outer contact edges or in Area of cross holes, is a solid mechanical connection allows between the solid and the pin.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird anhand bevorzugter Ausführungsformen erläutert, die in den Figuren der Zeichnung dargestellt sind. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine herkömmliche Entladungslampe in einer Querschnittsansicht;
Fig. 2
eine herkömmliche Elektrode in einer Seitenansicht;
Fig. 3
eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Elektrode in einer Querschnittsansicht;
Fig. 4
eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Elektrode in einer Querschnittsansicht;
Fig. 5
eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Elektrode in einer Querschnittsansicht;
Fig. 6
eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zum Stempeln eines erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Elektrodenkörpers in einer Ansicht von oben;
Fig. 7
eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Elektrodenkörpers in einer Ansicht von vorne, nach einem Stempeln mittels der in Fig. 6 gezeigten Stempelvorrichtung;
Fig. 8
eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Elektrodenkörpers in einer Querschnittsansicht;
Fig. 9
eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Elektrodenkörpers in einer Querschnittsansicht;
Fig. 10
eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Elektrodenkörpers in einer Querschnittsansicht;
Fig. 11
eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Elektrodenkörpers in einer Querschnittsansicht.
The method according to the invention is explained on the basis of preferred embodiments which are shown in the figures of the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
a conventional discharge lamp in a cross-sectional view;
Fig. 2
a conventional electrode in a side view;
Fig. 3
a preferred embodiment of an electrode produced according to the invention in a cross-sectional view;
Fig. 4
a further preferred embodiment of an electrode produced according to the invention in a cross-sectional view;
Fig. 5
a further preferred embodiment of an electrode produced according to the invention in a cross-sectional view;
Fig. 6
a schematic representation of a device for stamping an electrode body produced according to the invention in a view from above;
Fig. 7
a further preferred embodiment of an electrode body produced according to the invention in a view from the front, after stamping by means of the stamping device shown in FIG. 6;
Fig. 8
a further preferred embodiment of an electrode body produced according to the invention in a cross-sectional view;
Fig. 9
a further preferred embodiment of an electrode body produced according to the invention in a cross-sectional view;
Fig. 10
a further preferred embodiment of an electrode body produced according to the invention in a cross-sectional view;
Fig. 11
a further preferred embodiment of an electrode body produced according to the invention in a cross-sectional view.

Bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Entladungslampe 10 sind zwei Elektroden 11, 11' innerhalb eines Quarzglaskolbens 12 so angeordnet, daß jeweils ein Ende, das auch als Elektrodenstift 13, 13' bezeichnet wird, in dem Glaskolben 12 verschweißt ist. Die Elektroden 11, 11' sind dabei sich gegenüberstehend an entgegengesetzten Enden des Kolbens 12 angeordnet. Die Elektrodenstifte 13, 13' sind über Molybdänfolien 14, 14' mit Molybdänstiften 15, 15' verbunden, die jeweils zum Stromanschluß vorgesehen sind. Die Molybdänfolien 14,14' wirken dabei als Stromzuführungselemente innerhalb des Glaskolbens zu den Elektrodenstiften 13, 13'. Die Elektroden 11, 11' weisen jeweils ein auch "Tip" genanntes freies Elektrodenende 16, 16' auf, wobei zwischen den Elektrodenenden 16, 16' ein Elektronenaustausch derart stattfindet, daß das jeweils eine Elektrodenende Elektronen emittiert und das jeweils andere Elektrodenende einen Eingang für Elektronen bildet. Die Elektroden 11, 11' sind jeweils im Bereich ihrer Enden 16, 16' von einem Elektrodenkörper bzw. Kühlkörper 17, 17' umschlossen.In the discharge lamp 10 shown in FIG. 1 there are two Electrodes 11, 11 'arranged within a quartz glass bulb 12 in such a way that one end each, which is also called an electrode pin 13, 13 'is referred to, in the glass bulb 12 is welded. The electrodes 11, 11 'face each other opposite ends of the piston 12 are arranged. The electrode pins 13, 13 'are over molybdenum foils 14, 14' with molybdenum pins 15, 15 'connected, each to the power connection are provided. The molybdenum foils 14, 14 'act as Power supply elements within the glass bulb to the electrode pins 13, 13 '. The electrodes 11, 11 'each have a free electrode end 16, 16 'also called "tip", an electron exchange between the electrode ends 16, 16 ' takes place such that the one electrode end Electrons are emitted and the other end of the electrode forms an input for electrons. The electrodes 11, 11 ' are each in the area of their ends 16, 16 'of an electrode body or heat sink 17, 17 'enclosed.

In Fig. 2 ist eine herkömmliche Elektrode 11, wie sie in einem Entladungskolben 12 gemäß Fig. 1 Verwendung findet, in einer Seitenansicht dargestellt. Der Elektrodenkörper bzw. Kühlkörper 17 ist dabei aus einem um den Elektrodenstift 13 gewickelten Draht gebildet, dessen Enden 17a und 17b freiliegen. Der Draht kann dabei, so wie in der Figur dargestellt, zweilagig in jeweils unterschiedlichen Richtungen gewickelt sein.In Fig. 2 is a conventional electrode 11, as in one Discharge bulb 12 according to FIG. 1 is used in a Side view shown. The electrode body or heat sink 17 is made of a wound around the electrode pin 13 Wire formed, the ends 17a and 17b are exposed. The Wire can have two layers, as shown in the figure be wound in different directions.

Bei der in Fig. 3 dargestellten erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Elektrode 11 ist anstelle eines in Fig. 2 dargestellten Drahtwickels 17 ein hohlzylindrischer Massivkörper 17 als Elektrodenkörper bzw. Kühlkörper um den betreffenden Teil 18 des Elektrodenstiftes 13 vorgesehen. Der Elektrodenkörper 17 ist dabei insgesamt als massiver Block eines Festkörpers hergestellt, der aus einem hochschmelzenden Material gebildet ist. Die in Fig. 3 dargestellte Elektrode 11 weist ein freies Elektrodenende 16 auf. 3 produced according to the invention Electrode 11 is in place of a wire coil shown in FIG. 2 17 a hollow cylindrical solid body 17 as an electrode body or heat sink around the relevant part 18 of the Electrode pin 13 is provided. The electrode body 17 is manufactured as a solid block of a solid, which is formed from a high-melting material. The electrode 11 shown in FIG. 3 has a free electrode end 16 on.

Bei der in Fig. 4 dargestellten erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Elektrode 11 bezeichnen gleiche Bezugszahlen gleiche Bauelemente, wie bei der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Elektrode. Im Unterschied zur letzteren weist die in Fig. 4 dargestellte Elektrode 11 jedoch kein gesondertes Elektrodenende 16 auf.4 produced according to the invention Electrode 11 denote the same reference numerals and the same components, as with the electrode shown in Fig. 3. The difference the electrode shown in FIG. 4 faces the latter 11, however, no separate electrode end 16.

Wie in Fig. 5 dargestellt, ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der in Fig. 4 dargestellten Elektrode 11 das "bündige" Elektrodenende 16a mittels Laser mit dem Elektrodenkörper 17 verschweißt, so daß ein Elektrodenende 16b gebildet ist, dessen Durchmesser im Gegensatz zu dem in Fig. 3 dargestellten Elektrodenende 16 nach außen hin halbkugelförmig ausgebildet ist, und auf den Durchmesser des Elektrodenkörpers 17 vergrößert ist. Dadurch ist eine halbkugelförmige Kuppe gebildet, wobei der Lichtbogen in der Lampe sich jeweils die kürzeste Strecke zwischen den Elektroden sucht und bei halbkugelförmig ausgebildeten Kuppen jeweils an deren höchstem Punkt ansetzt, wohingegen er bei ebenen Enden auf der entsprechenden Fläche hin- und herwandern kann, was zu einem unruhigen Licht führt. Bei dieser Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Elektrode ist deshalb eine besonders hohe Konstanz der abgegebenen Lichtintensität zu verzeichnen.As shown in Fig. 5, is according to a preferred embodiment the electrode 11 shown in FIG. 4 the "flush" Electrode end 16a by means of a laser with the electrode body 17 welded so that an electrode end 16b is formed, its diameter in contrast to that shown in Fig. 3 Electrode end 16 is hemispherical on the outside is, and enlarged to the diameter of the electrode body 17 is. This creates a hemispherical dome the arc in the lamp being the shortest Distance between the electrodes is looking for and hemispherical trained tops starts at their highest point, whereas it has flat ends on the corresponding surface can wander back and forth, which leads to a restless light. In this embodiment, a manufactured according to the invention The electrode is therefore a particularly high constancy of the emitted Light intensity.

Bei der in Fig. 6 dargestellten Vorrichtung zum Stempeln von Elektroden ist eine Mehrzahl von Stempeln 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 konzentrisch um eine Elektrode 11 angeordnet. Die Stempel 20 bis 25 sind mittels einer nicht dargestellten Mechanik mit hohem Druck reproduzierbar in Pfeilrichtung bewegbar, wobei die im Querschnitt dargestellte Elektrode 11 im Mittelpunkt der Stempel 20 bis 25 so angeordnet ist, daß die Stempel 20 bis 25 jeweils zu im wesentlichen gleichen Zeitpunkten auf den Elektrodenkörper 17 der Elektrode 11 aufliegen und anschließend unter Aufbringung einer jeweils gleichen Kraft den Elektrodenkörper 17 in Richtung auf den Elektrodenstift 18 drücken, wobei unter Deformierung sowohl des Elektrodenkörpers 17 als auch des Elektrodenstiftes 18 der Elektrodenkörper 17 mit dem Elektrodenstift 18 zu einer Einheit zusammengedrückt wird, wie dies bei einer entsprechenden, im Querschnitt dargestellten Elektrode 11 in Figur 7 gezeigt ist.In the device shown in Fig. 6 for stamping Electrodes is a plurality of stamps 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 arranged concentrically around an electrode 11. The stamp 20 to 25 are by means of a mechanism, not shown high pressure reproducibly movable in the direction of the arrow, whereby the electrode 11 shown in cross section in the center the stamp 20 to 25 is arranged so that the stamp 20th to 25 each at substantially the same times on the Rest electrode body 17 of electrode 11 and then applying the same force to the electrode body 17 in the direction of the electrode pin 18 press, taking deformation of both the electrode body 17 and the electrode pin 18 of the electrode body 17th pressed together with the electrode pin 18 to form a unit is, as in a corresponding, shown in cross section Electrode 11 is shown in Figure 7.

Bei der in Fig. 8 dargestellten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Elektrode ist der Elektrodenkörper 17 mittels Tantal als Lotmasse mit dem Elektrodenstift 18 verlötet bzw. verschweißt. Das Verlöten bzw. Verschweißen von Elektrodenkörper 17 mit dem Elektrodenstift 18 ist ein alternatives Verfahren gegenüber dem in Fig. 6 dargestellten Verfahren zum dauerhaften, festen Verbinden eines Elektrodenkörpers 17 mit einem Elektrodenstift 18.In the embodiment of an embodiment according to the invention shown in FIG. 8 The electrode produced is the electrode body 17 soldered to electrode pin 18 using tantalum as solder or welded. The soldering or welding of the electrode body 17 with the electrode pin 18 is an alternative Method compared to the method shown in FIG. 6 for permanent, firm connection of an electrode body 17 with an electrode pin 18.

Bei der in Fig. 9 dargestellten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Elektrode weist die Bohrung des Festkörpers 17 einen Innendurchmesser auf, der größer als der Durchmesser des Stiftes 16 ist, wobei der Zwischenraum zwischen dem Festkörper 17 und dem Stift 16 mit Hilfe einer Schmelze ausgefüllt ist. Die Schmelze enthält Molybdän.In the embodiment of an embodiment according to the invention shown in FIG. 9 produced electrode has the bore of the solid 17 has an inner diameter that is larger than that Diameter of the pin 16 is, with the space between the solid body 17 and the pin 16 with the help of a Melt is filled. The melt contains molybdenum.

Bei der in Fig. 10 dargestellten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Elektrode weist der Elektrodenkörper 17 Querbohrungen 20, 20' auf. Bei der in Fig. 11 dargestellten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Elektrode ist der Elektrodenkörper 17 in den Querbohrungen 20, 20' mit dem Elektrodenstift 13 verschweißt, um eine verbesserte Haftung auf dem Elektrodenkörper 13 aufzuweisen.In the embodiment of an embodiment according to the invention shown in FIG. 10 produced electrode has the electrode body 17 cross bores 20, 20 '. The one shown in FIG Embodiment of an electrode produced according to the invention is the electrode body 17 in the transverse bores 20, 20 ' the electrode pin 13 welded for improved adhesion to have on the electrode body 13.

Bei der in Fig. 11 dargestellten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Elektrode ist der Elektrodenkörper 17 aus einer Mehrzahl hintereinander angeordneter Teil-Festkörper 17', 17", 17''' und 17'''' zusammengesetzt. Zwischen diesen Teil-Festkörpern sind Aussparungen 22 vorgesehen. Die Abmessungen der Aussparungen 22 können auch größer oder kleiner als der in der Figur dargestellten ausgebildet sein.In the embodiment of an embodiment according to the invention shown in FIG. 11 The electrode produced is the electrode body 17 from a plurality of partial solid bodies arranged one behind the other 17 ', 17 ", 17' '' and 17 '' ''. Between these Recesses 22 are provided for partial solid bodies. The dimensions the recesses 22 can also be larger or smaller than be formed in the figure.

Claims (16)

  1. Method of producing an electrode (11) for discharge lamps having a pin (13, 16) which is surrounded at least partially by a solid body (17), wherein the solid body is formed from a material having a high melting point and the solid body (17) is formed as a cylinder which is provided with an axial bore, characterised in that the bore is provided by means of a laser.
  2. Method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the material has a melting point above 1800°C.
  3. Method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the solid body is formed from tungsten.
  4. Method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that an Nd: YAG-laser is used.
  5. Method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the solid body-side end of the pin (13) is welded to the end of the solid body (17) which surrounds it.
  6. Method as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that the end of the pin is welded to the solid body by means of a laser.
  7. Method as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that an Nd:YAG-laser or a CO2-laser is used.
  8. Method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the solid body (17) is composed of a plurality of partial solid bodies (17', 17", 17"', 17"") which are disposed one behind the other.
  9. Method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the solid body (17) comprises at least one transverse bore (20).
  10. Method as claimed in claim 9, characterised in that an emission paste is introduced into the at least one transverse bore.
  11. Method as claimed in claim 10, characterised in that the emission paste contains thorium oxide.
  12. Method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the solid body (17) is provided with a bore whose inner diameter is greater than the diameter of the pin (16), wherein the intermediate space between the solid body and the pin is filled with the aid of a melt.
  13. Method as claimed in claim 12, characterised in that the melt contains molybdenum.
  14. Method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the solid body comprises a bore whose inner diameter is greater than the diameter of the pin, wherein the intermediate space between the solid body and the pin is mechanically shrunk by means of a plurality of externally effective dies.
  15. Method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the solid body is welded to the pin at one or more fixing points.
  16. Method as claimed in claim 15, characterised in that the at least one fixing point is produced by means of laser beams.
EP98916838A 1997-12-20 1998-03-04 Method for manufacturing an electrode for discharge lamps Expired - Lifetime EP1048052B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19757152A DE19757152C2 (en) 1997-12-20 1997-12-20 Electrode for discharge lamps
DE19757152 1997-12-20
PCT/DE1998/000624 WO1999033090A1 (en) 1997-12-20 1998-03-04 Electrode for discharge lamps

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1048052A1 EP1048052A1 (en) 2000-11-02
EP1048052B1 true EP1048052B1 (en) 2004-06-02

Family

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EP98916838A Expired - Lifetime EP1048052B1 (en) 1997-12-20 1998-03-04 Method for manufacturing an electrode for discharge lamps

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US6437509B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1048052B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2001527272A (en)
AT (1) ATE268503T1 (en)
DE (2) DE19757152C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1999033090A1 (en)

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EP1701371A1 (en) * 2001-07-04 2006-09-13 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Electrode producing methods
DE10256389A1 (en) * 2002-12-02 2004-06-09 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Metal halogen lamp has ceramic discharge piece with electrode system having molybdenum tungsten rod inside an outer niobium tube
EP1649492A2 (en) * 2003-05-26 2006-04-26 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards GmbH Thorium-free electrode with improved color stability
DE10360545A1 (en) * 2003-12-22 2005-07-14 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Electrode for a high pressure discharge lamp
JP4325518B2 (en) * 2004-09-10 2009-09-02 ウシオ電機株式会社 Super high pressure mercury lamp
US7176632B2 (en) * 2005-03-15 2007-02-13 Osram Sylvania Inc. Slotted electrode for high intensity discharge lamp
US8610350B2 (en) * 2009-12-15 2013-12-17 Osram Gesellschaft Mit Beschraenkter Haftung Electrode structures for discharge lamps

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US2477279A (en) * 1946-09-11 1949-07-26 Hanovia Chemical & Mfg Co Electrical discharge device
NL272981A (en) * 1961-01-02
BE636192A (en) * 1962-08-17
NL7300381A (en) * 1973-01-11 1974-07-15
US4340836A (en) 1978-09-11 1982-07-20 General Electric Company Electrode for miniature high pressure metal halide lamp
DE3240359A1 (en) 1982-11-02 1984-05-03 W.C. Heraeus Gmbh, 6450 Hanau "ELECTRODE FOR LASER EXCITATION LAMPS"
JP2561898B2 (en) * 1986-04-10 1996-12-11 ウシオ電機 株式会社 Discharge lamp
JPS62241254A (en) * 1986-04-10 1987-10-21 Ushio Inc Discharge lamp
JPS62243235A (en) * 1986-04-16 1987-10-23 Toshiba Corp High pressure sodium lamp
JPS62249348A (en) * 1986-04-21 1987-10-30 Toshiba Corp High pressure sodium vapor lamp
JPS62249349A (en) * 1986-04-21 1987-10-30 Toshiba Corp High pressure sudium vapor lamp
JP3269124B2 (en) * 1992-07-29 2002-03-25 東芝ライテック株式会社 Discharge lamp using sintered electrode
DE4327535A1 (en) * 1993-08-16 1995-02-23 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh High-pressure discharge lamp with ceramic discharge tube
DE4338377A1 (en) 1993-11-10 1995-05-11 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Metal halide discharge lamp with ceramic discharge vessel and manufacturing method for such a lamp
DE19527348A1 (en) * 1995-07-26 1997-01-30 Wolfram Ind Mbh Ges Electrode with heat sink
JPH09231939A (en) * 1996-02-20 1997-09-05 Tokyo Tungsten Co Ltd High melting point metal electrode, its manufacture, and electrode for discharge lamp using it

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19757152C2 (en) 2002-10-31
JP2001527272A (en) 2001-12-25
DE19757152A1 (en) 1999-07-01
ATE268503T1 (en) 2004-06-15
DE59811521D1 (en) 2004-07-08
WO1999033090A1 (en) 1999-07-01
US6437509B1 (en) 2002-08-20
EP1048052A1 (en) 2000-11-02

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