EP1043621A1 - Dispositif d'affichage à écran plat électrochromic - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage à écran plat électrochromic Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1043621A1
EP1043621A1 EP00105347A EP00105347A EP1043621A1 EP 1043621 A1 EP1043621 A1 EP 1043621A1 EP 00105347 A EP00105347 A EP 00105347A EP 00105347 A EP00105347 A EP 00105347A EP 1043621 A1 EP1043621 A1 EP 1043621A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrodes
substrate
counter electrodes
electrochromic
pins
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00105347A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Dr. Baumgärtner
Michael Baumgärtner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baumgartner Beate
Original Assignee
Baumgartner Beate
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Baumgartner Beate filed Critical Baumgartner Beate
Publication of EP1043621A1 publication Critical patent/EP1043621A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F19/00—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for
    • G09F19/22—Advertising or display means on roads, walls or similar surfaces, e.g. illuminated
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F19/00—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for
    • G09F19/22—Advertising or display means on roads, walls or similar surfaces, e.g. illuminated
    • G09F19/226—External wall display means; Facade advertising means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flat screen made of paper or a paper-like Material is built up.
  • Paper offers unsurpassed Presentation properties: a good haptic feeling, the possibility of image display with printing inks and thus responding to the natural viewing habits of the People.
  • the representation with printing inks also has the advantage that with increasing Illumination through artificial or sunlight creates better readability - in contrast to the previous screen technology, which offers increasingly poor readability.
  • flat panel displays based on electrochromy have been proposed for example in EP 0 300 917 B1.
  • the screens have one electrode layer, one Counter electrode layer and an intermediate electrolyte layer with a electrochromic substance.
  • a flat screen is known from EP 0 635 144 B1, in which an electrochromic substance is applied to the fibers of a fabric.
  • the tissue and one Electrolyte layer are between an electrode layer and a counter electrode layer arranged.
  • a flat screen with one between electrodes and Counterelectrode enclosed layer of an electrochromic substance from JP 10105917 A known.
  • the invention has set itself the task of creating a flat screen that is easy and inexpensive to manufacture and natural vision as much as possible accommodates.
  • the invention relates to flat screens according to an electrochromic process Light modulation work.
  • Such screens produce a high-contrast picture, allow the Viewing the picture at a flat angle and exhibit excellent Visibility even in bright surroundings, especially outdoors.
  • the pixels of the Electrochromic screens are assigned to each other in pairs Electrodes and counter electrodes are formed in the form of electrochromic cells.
  • electrochromic substances are known in a wide variety, which have an optical property, for example their color or optical density, even with minor changes in the electric field of each electrochromic cell can change, the electrochromic Cells of such flat screens with inexpensive electronic control devices and addressing of the cells are operated.
  • the electrochromic cells are each through an electrode and an associated counter electrode that is closer to the electrode than that other counter electrodes, and one between this pair of electrode and counter electrode located path or a space in between formed in or a color reaction takes place when attached to the pair of electrode and associated A minimum voltage required to trigger the color reaction is applied to the counter electrode is.
  • the color reaction is preferably a change in color and / or optical density of the electrochromic substance.
  • the flat screen is based on paper or paper-like Material built up, which serves as a carrier substrate for at least one electrochromic substance.
  • the electrodes protrude into the substrate and are preferably made from a pin electrically conductive material formed.
  • the electrodes protrude from one side of the substrate the substrate into it. They preferably do not protrude through the substrate, but close to to the opposite side. They preferably protrude at least 70% or, more preferably at least 80% of the thickness of the substrate.
  • the substrate a thickness of 50 ⁇ m
  • the pins protrude from the back of the substrate preferably at least 40 ⁇ m, for example 45 ⁇ m, into the substrate.
  • the Electrodes are formed on front pin portions of the pins. In preferred Versions, the electrodes are formed at the front pin ends or become whole simply formed by the front pin ends.
  • the pens also serve as Fastening means for the electrodes and preferably also for the associated ones Conductor tracks.
  • the counter electrodes can basically on the opposite side of the substrate be connected to the substrate, for example by laminating a film as a carrier. However, the counter electrodes are particularly preferably arranged on the side of the substrate, where the electrodes protrude into the substrate. In this preferred embodiment becomes a front side of the screen according to the invention facing the viewer received, which corresponds perfectly to the impression of printed paper.
  • the counter electrodes can also be formed by pins, but shorter than the pins used for the Electrodes are preferred. The pins for the counter electrodes would above Numerical example preferably protrudes between 5 and 10 ⁇ m far into the substrate.
  • a pencil is understood to mean any structure that is in the substrate can be pressed in, in particular any slim cylindrical body, knobs or pointed expiring thorn.
  • paper-like material is understood to mean a material that prints or like a paper can be soaked and made of fibers, such as plastic fibers, under Use of an adhesive and / or binder formed, preferably made like paper becomes.
  • an electrochromic substance is any dye based on a electric current changes at least one of its optical properties, for example its color or its optical density. All pH-sensitive, redox-sensitive or otherwise by the electrical current directly or indirectly changeable dyes. Dyes that are colorless are preferred react to color, e.g. Phenolphthalein. The substances to be selected should not bleeding. A preferred reversible coloring is physicochemically pH-sensitive or redox-sensitive dyes. Preferably the or the Dyes printed on the substrate or impregnated into the substrate. The substrate is preferably impregnated with a non-evaporating or low-evaporation electrolyte or soaked.
  • auxiliaries can be impregnated, such as preservatives, Stabilizers, auxiliary reactants for the color reaction etc.
  • the one necessary for the color representation Redox or pH gradient is generated by microelectrodes and counter electrodes.
  • the Microelectrodes and counterelectrodes are of different types in high density arranged distributed over the surface of the substrate. They are controlled in a defined manner.
  • the electrodes and counter electrodes can be used as pH measuring electrodes or redox measuring electrodes be used. Instead, or in addition, separate pH measurement pairs can be used or redox measuring pairs from electrodes and counter electrodes can be integrated. A regular or periodic pH measurement or redox value measurement enables this Correction of any pH shifts or redox shifts and thus maintaining the desired basic pH or basic redox value based on a target-actual comparison.
  • electrochromic cells is adjusted accordingly by adjusting the voltage or the Current desired set or maintain a redox value.
  • the electrodes and counter electrodes are preferably made so thin that a optical impairment does not arise. Instead of metallic material, it can also be electrical conductive plastic used as electrode material and / or counter electrode material become.
  • a possible embodiment can be that thin, wire-shaped on or in the substrate
  • Conductor tracks are applied once in a horizontal and once in a vertical arrangement become.
  • the horizontal conductor tracks are sequential with a suitable clock frequency e.g. controlled from top to bottom and the vertical conductor tracks e.g. from left to right right, at a defined point in time only flows at the intersection of the controlled conductor tracks the applied current through the substrate and developed exactly a color point at this point.
  • the entire screen area can be scanned and an image and text representation can be built on the software side.
  • the deletion takes place at Use of a pH-sensitive dye correspondingly with reverse pH shift on an underlying.
  • a surface layer or intermediate layer By applying a surface layer or intermediate layer, the stability of the Screen will be increased. Protection and / or insulation layers can be applied, especially on the back of the substrate. A haptic or visual impression can do so to be changed.
  • a protective layer for protection against UV radiation or are applied to the substrate to prevent evaporation of an electrolyte.
  • the protective layer can be sprayed on, for example. If it is formed by a laminated film, so can this film, if it is not electrically conductive, at the same time as a carrier film for the Conductor tracks of the counter electrodes and preferably also as a carrier film for the Serve counter electrodes.
  • the screens can be used in any design and use. For example, multiple screens can be merged into books or magazines become. Two screens according to the invention can also be used as intermediate insulation sheet on both sides be attached to each other.
  • the flat screens can be designed as billboards or tarpaulins of any size and e.g. used in street advertising.
  • T-shirts or other items of clothing can be wholly or partly with one integrated screen according to the invention are manufactured.
  • Such clothes can be designed according to the wishes of customers when selling. With reversible The color of such a piece of clothing can also be changed again.
  • a combination with solar collectors made of fiber material is also possible.
  • the solar collector fibers can power the units autonomously take.
  • a flat screen according to the invention can also perform other functions, e.g. in the Heat regulation.
  • a darkly controlled surface can absorb heat, while control to light colors or white rejects heat. This can for example for a piece of clothing or a building that is equipped with an inventive Screen area is equipped to be advantageous.
  • the production of the screen according to the invention is simple.
  • the substrate will obtained by consolidation and shaping from a fiber suspension.
  • Is the substrate Paper so any method known from paper manufacture for the production of the Substrate can be used.
  • plastic fibers instead of cellulose fibers, such as this also corresponds to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the production takes place of the substrate preferably also comparable to paper production.
  • the at least one electrochromic substance can be added to the fiber suspension, so that with the formation of the substrate, the electrochromic substance is already homogeneous in the substrate distributed.
  • the substrate can also be formed with the at least one after its formation electrochromic substance are coated, especially by means of printing technology known methods, for example flexographic printing.
  • printing technology known methods, for example flexographic printing.
  • several different electrochromic substances for example one substance for each of the three Basic colors and a material for black, in a defined layer thickness on top of each other Surface of the substrate applied, which is also conventional in each layer application Printing technology can be done.
  • Instead of placing several layers of fabric on top of each other can also use several different electrochromic substances on a color screen each individually in the form of regularly arranged micropixels or microlines impregnated or applied, in particular printed, in a single layer.
  • the pins are arranged in the substrate so that the electrodes are electrically conductive with the electrochromic substance.
  • the pins are then designed that the respective electrodes are only electrically conductive with one of the layers are connected and only form electrochromic cells.
  • the different electrochromic fabrics in the form of pixels or fine lines in a single layer distributed, so several individually controllable electrodes are next to each other arranged so that the color pixels can be controlled individually.
  • a single counter electrode for the multiple electrodes of the fabric can be fabricated per pixel Pixel or preferably one counter electrode per color and pixel, i.e. Per Electrode.
  • the electrodes can be before, during or after the formation of the substrate in the material for the substrate or be arranged in the finished substrate. So the pens, which ones form the electrodes, are pressed into the finished substrate from one side, for example with a die. The application or introduction of the electrochromic substance or the plurality of electrochromic substances before or after the placement of the electrodes respectively.
  • the electrodes can also already be inserted into the suspension or with the Pour the suspension. If the substrate is formed by paper, this can be done on the Sieving table of a paper machine. Also an impression of the not yet complete solidified and formed web is still possible inside the paper machine. Analogous the above applies also when using only paper-like material, for example a material made of plastic fibers.
  • the electrodes are preferably formed in a mesh-like grid.
  • a first Lanes of the grid running in the direction connect those along the respective lane arranged electrodes electrically conductive with each other.
  • the crossways to it serve the stabilization and spacing of the conductor tracks and thus for the formation of areal grid.
  • they consist of a non-conductive material or are electrically insulated from the conductor tracks, so that none of these connecting tracks Short circuits can be generated.
  • the electrodes can also can be introduced into the substrate in strips or even individually.
  • the Electrodes can be fixed in a grid in a single step in the substrate are placed and are then already at the same time with each other via the conductor tracks connected and connectable to a power source and control device.
  • the counter electrodes can already be arranged in the substrate can also be formed by means of a grid.
  • a grid also points in a first Direction of adjacent conductor tracks and transverse to it Connecting tracks that serve as spacers.
  • the Counter electrodes behind the electrodes i.e. in the rearward extension of the electrodes, in pressed the substrate, being between the electrodes and counter electrodes by insulation a short circuit is prevented.
  • the conductor tracks of the electrodes and the conductor tracks of the Counter electrodes intersect after the electrodes and counter electrodes have been arranged. In this case, the electrochromic cells thus formed are addressed by means of a matrix control.
  • the above-mentioned tracks can be flexible or rigid in the form of strips or in the form of webs or Wires are formed.
  • Figure 1 shows a paper substrate 1 with a single electrochromic substance and with a Electrolyte is impregnated.
  • the electrodes 3 are arranged in lines and perpendicular columns in the substrate 1. The distances between the lines and the distances between the columns are the same.
  • the one in a column Arranged electrodes 3 become electrically conductive by one conductor track 5 per column connected with each other.
  • For the counter electrodes 7 (FIGS. 2 and 3) for the electrodes 3 are arranged in a line counter electrodes 7 by a conductor 8 electrically connected together.
  • the conductor tracks 5 and 8 intersect. she are with a current source and a control device for matrix addressing connected or connectable and by columns and rows by means of matrix addressing controllable.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through the substrate 1 parallel to one of the conductor tracks 5 Electrodes 3 are formed by free, front pin ends of the pins 2. Pins 2 and the conductor tracks 5 are also pressed completely into the substrate 1, i.e. in the substrate 1 embedded.
  • the insulation 6 short-circuits the Electrodes and counter electrodes of the individual electrochromic cells prevented.
  • Pins 2 can, as in the exemplary embodiment, straight-cylindrical or, for example, with mandrels pointed front ends are formed.
  • the counter electrodes 7 are behind the pins 2 and conductor tracks 5 in alignment with the pins 2 also pressed into the back of the substrate 1.
  • the counter electrode 7 will directly formed by the conductor tracks 8.
  • the conductor tracks 8 are only for this purpose provided with sections of electrical insulation 9, as best shown in FIG. 3 is recognizable.
  • the conductor tracks 8 are regularly insulated alternately Conductor sections and non-insulated interconnect sections formed, the not insulated conductor track sections which form counter electrodes 7.
  • the conductor tracks 8 in the substrate 1 can be located at suitable locations
  • Conductor tracks 8 anchoring pins may be formed, which are also opposite the substrate 1 are electrically isolated.
  • the counter electrodes 7 can themselves serve as fasteners, if, like the electrodes, they are formed by pins, which are then preferably essential are shorter than the pins for the electrodes.
  • the pins 2 protrude perpendicularly from the conductor tracks 5. You can instead, it should also be designed in such a way, for example projecting obliquely from its conductor track that the electrodes are a little bit laterally offset from the conductor track, so that each the electrodes of the counterelectrode assigned to it directly across the substrate surface opposite.
  • Such an arrangement is by inserting the electrodes in a fiber suspension easily produced for the substrate. Also casting around with one Suspension is easily possible. An impression of something already shaped Substrate is also possible, in particular before final solidification of the substrate.
  • Each of the electrodes 3 forms a counter electrode 7 arranged behind it electrochromic cell 10.
  • a characteristic of the electrochromic substance Voltage flows between a driven electrode 3 and its associated one Counter electrode 7 is an electrical current in the respective electrochromic cell 10 desired change in the optical property, for example a color change, causes.
  • the electrodes 3 and 7 adjacent to an electrochromic cell 10 are of the respective electrochromic cell 10 so far away that between two adjacent electrochromic cells 10, no current flow takes place, the disturbing Can trigger color reactions.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Marketing (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
EP00105347A 1999-03-19 2000-03-17 Dispositif d'affichage à écran plat électrochromic Withdrawn EP1043621A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19912307A DE19912307A1 (de) 1999-03-19 1999-03-19 Aus Papier oder Gewebe (Textil) aufgebauter Bildschirm
DE19912307 1999-03-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1043621A1 true EP1043621A1 (fr) 2000-10-11

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EP00105347A Withdrawn EP1043621A1 (fr) 1999-03-19 2000-03-17 Dispositif d'affichage à écran plat électrochromic

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EP (1) EP1043621A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19912307A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6639709B2 (en) 2001-03-19 2003-10-28 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Matrix addressable electrochromic display device
US6744549B2 (en) 2002-03-19 2004-06-01 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Electrochromic display device
CN102831836A (zh) * 2011-06-14 2012-12-19 张晋 无墨印刷图书
CN114354032A (zh) * 2022-01-13 2022-04-15 安徽大学 基于皮肤触觉感知架构的多层仿生触觉传感器及制备方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10117905B4 (de) * 2001-04-10 2014-09-11 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Haushaltgerät mit einer Anzeigevorrichtung
EP2274736A2 (fr) * 2008-03-25 2011-01-19 Technion Research and Development Foundation, Ltd. Procédé et dispositif pour présentation tactile

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2577937A1 (fr) * 1985-02-26 1986-08-29 Commissariat Energie Atomique Procede de preparation d'un materiau electrochrome et cellule d'affichage en comportant application
US4804275A (en) * 1985-08-29 1989-02-14 Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company Indicator device for indicating the time integral of a monitored parameter
EP0635144B1 (fr) * 1992-04-10 1997-05-28 Compagnie Generale D'innovation Et De Developpement Cogidev Dispositifs electrochromiques pour la modulation de la lumiere, notamment de type ecrans et afficheurs
EP0811871A2 (fr) * 1996-06-05 1997-12-10 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Unité électrochromique

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2618567B1 (fr) * 1987-07-24 1989-12-22 Warszawski Bernard Dispositifs pour la modulation de la lumiere

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2577937A1 (fr) * 1985-02-26 1986-08-29 Commissariat Energie Atomique Procede de preparation d'un materiau electrochrome et cellule d'affichage en comportant application
US4804275A (en) * 1985-08-29 1989-02-14 Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company Indicator device for indicating the time integral of a monitored parameter
EP0635144B1 (fr) * 1992-04-10 1997-05-28 Compagnie Generale D'innovation Et De Developpement Cogidev Dispositifs electrochromiques pour la modulation de la lumiere, notamment de type ecrans et afficheurs
EP0811871A2 (fr) * 1996-06-05 1997-12-10 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Unité électrochromique

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6639709B2 (en) 2001-03-19 2003-10-28 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Matrix addressable electrochromic display device
US6879424B2 (en) 2001-03-19 2005-04-12 Aveso, Inc. Electrochromic display device and compositions useful in making such devices
US6744549B2 (en) 2002-03-19 2004-06-01 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Electrochromic display device
US7054050B2 (en) 2002-03-19 2006-05-30 Aveso, Inc. Electrochromic display device
CN102831836A (zh) * 2011-06-14 2012-12-19 张晋 无墨印刷图书
CN114354032A (zh) * 2022-01-13 2022-04-15 安徽大学 基于皮肤触觉感知架构的多层仿生触觉传感器及制备方法

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