EP1041168B1 - Soft magnetic alloy for a timepiece - Google Patents
Soft magnetic alloy for a timepiece Download PDFInfo
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- EP1041168B1 EP1041168B1 EP00400646A EP00400646A EP1041168B1 EP 1041168 B1 EP1041168 B1 EP 1041168B1 EP 00400646 A EP00400646 A EP 00400646A EP 00400646 A EP00400646 A EP 00400646A EP 1041168 B1 EP1041168 B1 EP 1041168B1
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- alloy
- nickel
- soft magnetic
- magnetic permeability
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/14708—Fe-Ni based alloys
Definitions
- the invention relates to an economical soft magnetic alloy having good temperature stability of the magnetic permeability and good resistance to oxidation in a humid atmosphere.
- This alloy can be used, in particular, for the manufacture of the stator of a micro electric stepper motor. for watchmaking.
- Electric micro motors for watchmaking include a stator generally made of a soft magnetic alloy containing about 80% nickel, a few% molybdenum or copper, the rest being iron. Such an alloy has a maximum magnetic permeability of 200,000 to 300,000 over the entire operating temperature range (-20 ° C., + 60 ° C.), therefore, the micro motors thus produced have a very low consumption of energy.
- 80% nickel alloys are expensive and oxidize easily in humid atmospheres, which has several disadvantages: their use is delicate in certain hot and humid regions they are ill-suited to the manufacture of watches whose mechanism is visible they are too expensive for the manufacture of cheap watches.
- This document relates to an alloy containing 40% ⁇ Ni + Co ⁇ 60%, 0% ⁇ Co ⁇ 7%, 8% ⁇ Cr ⁇ 13.5% used for the clock motor stator.
- the properties obtained are: Curie temperature> 200 ° C, B s from 0.69 to 0.8 Tesla at 25 ° C, coercive field H c ⁇ 0.007 Oe, electrical resistivity ⁇ > 80 ⁇ cm.
- a soft magnetic alloy which has a saturation induction Bs greater than or equal to 5000 Gauss (0.5 tesla), a maximum relative permeability in direct current ⁇ cc, max greater than 70000, a resistivity ⁇ sufficient for ⁇ cc, max x ⁇ > 0.05 ⁇ .m, a stability sufficient magnetic permeability ⁇ cc, max between - 20 ° C and + 60 ° C, improved resistance to oxidation, and a relatively low nickel content.
- the magnetic permeability it is desirable that its variation in relative value, with respect to its value at 20 ° C., remain less than 30% over the temperature range considered.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an alloy which meets these requirements.
- the subject of the invention is a soft magnetic alloy whose chemical composition includes, in% by weight: 34% ⁇ Ni ⁇ 40% 7% ⁇ Cr ⁇ 10% 0.5% ⁇ Co ⁇ 3% 0.1% ⁇ Mn ⁇ 1% the remainder being iron and impurities resulting from processing.
- the impurities that are O, S, N are such that: O ⁇ 0.007% S ⁇ 0.002% N ⁇ 0.004% and: N + S + O ⁇ 0.01%
- the impurities Si, Al, Ca, Mg are such that: If ⁇ 0.3% Al ⁇ 0.05% Ca ⁇ 0.03% Mg ⁇ 0.03% and : Si + Al + Ca + Mg + Mn ⁇ 1%
- This alloy can be used for the manufacture of a magnetic yoke, and in particular, to manufacture the stator of a micro electric stepper motor for watchmaking.
- the impurities are, in particular, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, silicon, aluminum, calcium and magnesium.
- the sum Mn + Si + Al + Ca + Mg of the contents of manganese, silicon, aluminum, calcium and magnesium, remain less than or equal to 1%.
- the alloy thus defined which is of the Fe-Ni-Cr-Co type, can be hot rolled, then cold, and, optionally, subjected to annealing under hydrogen at a temperature greater than or equal to 900 ° C. for more one hour, and preferably between 1100 ° C and 1200 ° C for 1 to 4 hours.
- Annealing at high temperature under hydrogen has the advantage of eliminating, at least partially, certain precipitates of sulphides or nitrides which have an unfavorable effect on the magnetic properties.
- This alloy has a saturation induction Bs greater than 5000 Gauss, at 70 ° C, a maximum relative magnetic permeability in direct current ⁇ cc, max greater than 70,000 at 20 ° C, an electrical resistivity ⁇ greater than 70 ⁇ .cm at 20 ° C, and a temperature stability of the maximum relative magnetic permeability defined for a temperature T, by: ⁇ cc, max (T) / ⁇ cc, max (20 ° C) ⁇ 30%
- ⁇ cc, max (T) represents the variation of ⁇ cc, max between 20 ° C and T
- ⁇ cc, max (20 ° C) represents the permeability in direct current at 20 ° C.
- the alloy has good resistance to oxidation in a humid atmosphere.
- washers with an inside diameter of 20 mm and an outside diameter of 30 mm were produced, cut from cold-rolled strips 0.6 mm thick in alloys according to the invention and in alloys given as for comparison, produced by vacuum fusion of pure raw materials.
- the washers were annealed under hydrogen at 1170 ° C for 4 hours.
- samples 1 to 7 on the one hand and 8 to 17 on the other hand shows that an addition of 0.5% to 3% of cobalt combined with a nickel content of between 34% and 40% and a content in chromium between 7% and 10%, very significantly improves the temperature stability ⁇ / ⁇ of the magnetic permeability in direct current.
- samples 8 to 10 which have nickel and chromium contents in accordance with the invention, but which contain practically no cobalt, always have a value of ⁇ / ⁇ greater than 30, whereas for samples 1 at 7, ⁇ / ⁇ is always less than 30.
- samples 11 to 17, which contain cobalt, but whose chromium contents are outside the limits of the invention have values of ⁇ / ⁇ greater than 30.
- samples 1 to 4 (in accordance with the invention) whose oxygen contents are less than 0.007% and whose sums of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur contents are less than 0.01%, have an induction at saturation Bs greater than 5000 Gauss, and a maximum relative magnetic permeability in direct current ⁇ cc, max greater than 70000 to 20 ° C, while samples 5 to 7 which do not satisfy the conditions of oxygen content or N + O + S sum, have either a saturation induction of less than 5000 Gauss, or a magnetic permeability in direct current of less than 70,000 at 20 ° C.
- the resistivity is greater than 90 ⁇ .cm; the product ⁇ cc, max x ⁇ is greater than 0.05 ⁇ .m.
- stators of micro stepper motors for watchmaking can be manufactured, both economical, having good resistance to oxidation by a humid atmosphere, and having good performance.
- the magnetic reluctance of the circuit remains low, which allows the use of a coil that is not too large.
- this alloy is significantly more economical than 80% nickel alloys.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Steel Electrode Plates (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention est relative à un alliage magnétique doux économique ayant une bonne stabilité en température de la perméabilité magnétique et une bonne résistance à l'oxydation en atmosphère humide. Cet alliage est utilisable, notamment, pour la fabrication du stator d'un micro moteur électrique pas à pas . pour horlogerie.The invention relates to an economical soft magnetic alloy having good temperature stability of the magnetic permeability and good resistance to oxidation in a humid atmosphere. This alloy can be used, in particular, for the manufacture of the stator of a micro electric stepper motor. for watchmaking.
Les micro moteurs électriques pour horlogerie comportent un stator généralement fabriqué en alliage magnétique doux contenant environ 80 % de nickel, quelques % de molybdène ou de cuivre, le reste étant du fer. Un tel alliage a une perméabilité magnétique maximale de 200 000 à 300 000 sur toute la plage de température de fonctionnement (- 20 °C, + 60 °C), de ce fait, les micro moteurs ainsi fabriqués ont une très faible consommation d'énergie. Mais, les alliages à 80 % de nickel sont coûteux et s'oxydent facilement dans des atmosphères humides, ce qui présente plusieurs inconvénients : leur utilisation est délicate dans certaines régions chaudes et humides ils sont mal adaptés à la fabrication de montres dont le mécanisme est visible ils sont trop coûteux pour la fabrication de montres bon marché.Electric micro motors for watchmaking include a stator generally made of a soft magnetic alloy containing about 80% nickel, a few% molybdenum or copper, the rest being iron. Such an alloy has a maximum magnetic permeability of 200,000 to 300,000 over the entire operating temperature range (-20 ° C., + 60 ° C.), therefore, the micro motors thus produced have a very low consumption of energy. However, 80% nickel alloys are expensive and oxidize easily in humid atmospheres, which has several disadvantages: their use is delicate in certain hot and humid regions they are ill-suited to the manufacture of watches whose mechanism is visible they are too expensive for the manufacture of cheap watches.
Afin de remédier à ces inconvénients, il a été proposé de remplacer les alliages à 80 % de nickel par des alliages du type fer-nickel-chrome contenant moins de 50 % de nickel et quelques % de chrome pour la fabrication des moteurs de montre. Mais, les alliages proposés ont, en général, une perméabilité magnétique à la fois insuffisante et trop sensible à la température. Cette trop grande sensibilité de la perméabilité magnétique à la température est un inconvénient. En effet, un moteur de montre doit fonctionner de façon satisfaisante entre - 20 °C et + 60 °C, ce qui suppose que la perméabilité magnétique ne varie pas trop sur cette plage de température. Le problème de la stabilité des propriétés magnétiques en température est abordé dans EP-A-0 827 256. Ce document concerne un alliage contenant 40% ≤ Ni + Co ≤ 60%, 0% ≤ Co ≤ 7%, 8% ≤ Cr ≤ 13,5% utilisé pour le stator de moteur d'horlogerie. Les propriétés obtenues sont : température de Curie > 200°C, Bs de 0,69 à 0,8 Tesla à 25°C, champ coercitif Hc < 0,007 Oe, résistivité électrique ρ > 80 µΩcm.In order to remedy these drawbacks, it has been proposed to replace the 80% nickel alloys with alloys of the iron-nickel-chromium type containing less than 50% nickel and a few% chromium for the manufacture of watch engines. However, the alloys proposed have, in general, a magnetic permeability which is both insufficient and too sensitive to temperature. This excessive sensitivity of the magnetic permeability to temperature is a drawback. Indeed, a watch motor must operate satisfactorily between - 20 ° C and + 60 ° C, which supposes that the magnetic permeability does not vary too much over this temperature range. The problem of the stability of magnetic properties at temperature is addressed in EP-A-0 827 256. This document relates to an alloy containing 40% ≤ Ni + Co ≤ 60%, 0% ≤ Co ≤ 7%, 8% ≤ Cr ≤ 13.5% used for the clock motor stator. The properties obtained are: Curie temperature> 200 ° C, B s from 0.69 to 0.8 Tesla at 25 ° C, coercive field H c <0.007 Oe, electrical resistivity ρ> 80 µΩcm.
Compte tenu de toutes les contraintes qui s'imposent à un micro moteur pas à pas pour horlogerie, pour fabriquer le stator d'un tel moteur qui soit économique, il est souhaitable de disposer d'un alliage magnétique doux qui a une induction à saturation Bs supérieure ou égale à 5000 Gauss (0,5 tesla), une perméabilité maximale relative en courant continu µcc,max supérieure à 70000, une résistivité ρ suffisante pour que µcc,max x ρ > 0,05 Ω.m, une stabilité suffisante de la perméabilité magnétique µcc,max entre - 20 °C et + 60 °C, une résistance améliorée à l'oxydation, et une teneur en nickel relativement faible. Pour que la perméabilité magnétique ait une stabilité suffisante, il est souhaitable que sa variation en valeur relative, par rapport à sa valeur à 20 °C, reste inférieure à 30 % sur la plage de température considérée.Taking into account all the constraints which are imposed on a micro stepping motor for watchmaking, to manufacture the stator of such a motor which is economical, it is desirable to have a soft magnetic alloy which has a saturation induction Bs greater than or equal to 5000 Gauss (0.5 tesla), a maximum relative permeability in direct current µ cc, max greater than 70000, a resistivity ρ sufficient for µ cc, max x ρ> 0.05 Ω.m, a stability sufficient magnetic permeability µ cc, max between - 20 ° C and + 60 ° C, improved resistance to oxidation, and a relatively low nickel content. In order for the magnetic permeability to have sufficient stability, it is desirable that its variation in relative value, with respect to its value at 20 ° C., remain less than 30% over the temperature range considered.
Le but de la présente invention est de proposer un alliage qui réponde à ces exigences.The object of the present invention is to provide an alloy which meets these requirements.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un alliage magnétique doux dont la composition chimique comprends, en % en poids :
De préférence, les impuretés que sont O, S, N sont telles que :
Il est également préférable que les impuretés Si, Al, Ca, Mg soient telles que :
Cet alliage peut être utilisé pour la fabrication d'une culasse magnétique, et en particulier, pour fabriquer le stator d'un micro moteur électrique pas à pas pour horlogerie.This alloy can be used for the manufacture of a magnetic yoke, and in particular, to manufacture the stator of a micro electric stepper motor for watchmaking.
L'invention va maintenant être décrite plus en détails et illustrée par des exemples.The invention will now be described in more detail and illustrated by examples.
La composition chimique de l'alliage magnétique doux comprend, en % en poids :
- plus de 34 % de nickel pour obtenir une induction à saturation et perméabilité magnétique suffisantes. Mais, pour obtenir un alliage économique, et compte tenu notamment d'une addition de chrome, la teneur en nickel doit rester inférieure à 40 %.
- de 7 % à 10 % de chrome pour améliorer la résistance à l'oxydation et augmenter la perméabilité magnétique à basse température ; lorsque la teneur en nickel est comprise entre 34 % et 40 %, une telle teneur en chrome améliore sensiblement la perméabilité magnétique entre - 40 °C et 0 °C.
- de 0,5 % à 3 % de cobalt pour obtenir une stabilité en température suffisante de la perméabilité magnétique. En effet, les inventeurs ont constaté de façon inattendue que, pour des teneurs en nickel comprises entre 34 % et 40 % et des teneurs en chrome comprises entre 7 % et 10 %, une addition modérée de cobalt améliorait sensiblement la stabilité en température de la perméabilité magnétique, entre - 20 °C et + 60 °C.
- de 0,1 % à 1 % de manganèse, et de préférence plus de 0,2 %, pour désoxyder l'alliage et fixer le soufre.
- le reste de la composition est constitué de fer et d'impuretés résultant de l'élaboration.
- more than 34% nickel to obtain an induction with sufficient saturation and magnetic permeability. However, in order to obtain an economical alloy, and especially taking into account the addition of chromium, the nickel content must remain below 40%.
- from 7% to 10% of chromium to improve the resistance to oxidation and increase the magnetic permeability at low temperature; when the nickel content is between 34% and 40%, such a chromium content appreciably improves the magnetic permeability between - 40 ° C and 0 ° C.
- from 0.5% to 3% of cobalt to obtain sufficient temperature stability of the magnetic permeability. Indeed, the inventors unexpectedly found that, for nickel contents between 34% and 40% and chromium contents between 7% and 10%, a moderate addition of cobalt significantly improved the temperature stability of the magnetic permeability, between - 20 ° C and + 60 ° C.
- from 0.1% to 1% of manganese, and preferably more than 0.2%, to deoxidize the alloy and fix the sulfur.
- the rest of the composition consists of iron and impurities resulting from the production.
Les impuretés sont, notamment, l'oxygène, le soufre, l'azote, le silicium, l'aluminium, le calcium et le magnésium.The impurities are, in particular, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, silicon, aluminum, calcium and magnesium.
Toutes ces impuretés ont un effet défavorable sur les propriétés magnétiques, aussi, afin d'obtenir des propriétés magnétiques satisfaisantes, il est préférable que :
- la teneur en oxygène reste inférieure ou égale à 0,007 %, la teneur en azote reste inférieure ou égale à 0,004 %, la teneur en soufre reste inférieure ou égale à 0,002 %, et la somme O + N + S des teneurs en oxygène, azote et soufre, reste inférieure ou égale à 0,01 % ;
- les teneurs résiduelles en éléments désoxydants tels que Si, Al, Ca, Mg restent inférieures ou égales à 0,3 % pour le silicium, 0,05 % pour l'aluminium, et 0,03 % pour le calcium ou pour le magnésium ; le calcium et le magnésium ont l'avantage de permettre la formation de petits oxydes qui rendent l'alliage plus facilement découpable.
- the oxygen content remains less than or equal to 0.007%, the nitrogen content remains less than or equal to 0.004%, the sulfur content remains less than or equal to 0.002%, and the sum O + N + S of the oxygen, nitrogen contents and sulfur, remains less than or equal to 0.01%;
- the residual contents of deoxidizing elements such as Si, Al, Ca, Mg remain less than or equal to 0.3% for silicon, 0.05% for aluminum, and 0.03% for calcium or for magnesium; calcium and magnesium have the advantage of allowing the formation of small oxides which make the alloy more easily cutable.
De plus, il est préférable que la somme Mn + Si + Al + Ca + Mg des teneurs en manganèse, silicium, aluminium, calcium et magnésium, reste inférieure ou égale à 1 %.In addition, it is preferable that the sum Mn + Si + Al + Ca + Mg of the contents of manganese, silicon, aluminum, calcium and magnesium, remain less than or equal to 1%.
Les teneurs en d'autres impuretés comme le phosphore et le bore, doivent, également, rester les plus faibles possibles.The contents of other impurities such as phosphorus and boron must also remain as low as possible.
L'alliage ainsi défini, qui est du type Fe-Ni- Cr- Co, peut être laminé à chaud, puis à froid, et, éventuellement, soumis à un recuit sous hydrogène à une température supérieure ou égale à 900 °C pendant plus d'une heure, et de préférence entre 1100 °C et 1200 °C pendant 1 à 4 heures. Le recuit à haute température sous hydrogène a l'avantage d'éliminer, au moins partiellement, certains précipités de sulfures ou de nitrures qui ont un effet défavorable sur les propriétés magnétiques.The alloy thus defined, which is of the Fe-Ni-Cr-Co type, can be hot rolled, then cold, and, optionally, subjected to annealing under hydrogen at a temperature greater than or equal to 900 ° C. for more one hour, and preferably between 1100 ° C and 1200 ° C for 1 to 4 hours. Annealing at high temperature under hydrogen has the advantage of eliminating, at least partially, certain precipitates of sulphides or nitrides which have an unfavorable effect on the magnetic properties.
Cet alliage a une induction à saturation Bs supérieure à 5000 Gauss, à 70 °C, une perméabilité magnétique relative maximale en courant continu µcc,max supérieure à 70000 à 20 °C, une résistivité électrique ρ supérieure à 70 µΩ.cm à 20 °C, et une stabilité en température de la perméabilité magnétique relative maximale définie pour une température T, par :
Dans cette formule, Δµcc,max(T) représente la variation de µcc,max entre 20 °C et T, et µcc,max(20 °C) représente la perméabilité en courant continu à 20 °C.In this formula, Δµ cc, max (T) represents the variation of µ cc, max between 20 ° C and T, and µ cc, max (20 ° C) represents the permeability in direct current at 20 ° C.
De plus, compte tenu de sa teneur en chrome, l'alliage a une bonne résistance à l'oxydation en atmosphère humide.In addition, given its chromium content, the alloy has good resistance to oxidation in a humid atmosphere.
A titre d'exemple on a fabriqué des rondelles de 20 mm de diamètre intérieur et 30 mm de diamètre extérieur, découpées dans des bandes laminées à froid de 0,6 mm d'épaisseur en alliages selon l'invention et en alliages donnés à titre de comparaison, élaborés par fusion sous vide de matières premières pures. Les rondelles ont été recuites sous hydrogène à 1170 °C pendant 4 heures. On a mesuré l'induction à saturation Bs à 70 °C, le champ coercitif Hc à 20 °C, la résistivité électrique ρ à 20 °C, la perméabilité magnétique relative maximale en courant continu µcc,max à 20 °C et la valeur maximale de sa variation relative |Δµcc,max(T)/µcc,max(20 °C)| sur la plage de température - 20 °C, + 60 °C (en abrégé, cette valeur maximale de variation est appelée Δµ/µ).By way of example, washers with an inside diameter of 20 mm and an outside diameter of 30 mm were produced, cut from cold-rolled strips 0.6 mm thick in alloys according to the invention and in alloys given as for comparison, produced by vacuum fusion of pure raw materials. The washers were annealed under hydrogen at 1170 ° C for 4 hours. We measured the saturation induction Bs at 70 ° C, the coercive field Hc at 20 ° C, the electrical resistivity ρ at 20 ° C, the maximum relative magnetic permeability in direct current µ cc, max at 20 ° C and the maximum value of its relative variation | Δµ cc, max (T) / µ cc, max (20 ° C) | over the temperature range - 20 ° C, + 60 ° C (for short, this maximum variation value is called Δµ / µ).
Les compositions chimiques des alliages 1 à 4, correspondant à l'invention, et 5 à 17 donnés à titre de comparaison, sont indiquées au tableau 1 et les caractéristiques magnétiques, au tableau 2.
La comparaison des échantillons 1 à 7 d'une part et 8 à 17 d'autre part, montre que une addition de 0,5 % à 3 % de cobalt combinée avec une teneur en nickel comprise entre 34 % et 40 % et une teneur en chrome comprise entre 7 % et 10 %, améliore très sensiblement la stabilité en température Δµ/µ de la perméabilité magnétique en courant continu. En particulier, les échantillons 8 à 10, qui ont des teneurs en nickel et chrome conformes à l'invention, mais qui ne contiennent pratiquement pas de cobalt, ont toujours une valeur de Δµ/µ supérieure à 30, alors que pour les échantillons 1 à 7, Δµ/µ est toujours inférieur à 30.The comparison of samples 1 to 7 on the one hand and 8 to 17 on the other hand, shows that an addition of 0.5% to 3% of cobalt combined with a nickel content of between 34% and 40% and a content in chromium between 7% and 10%, very significantly improves the temperature stability Δµ / µ of the magnetic permeability in direct current. In particular, samples 8 to 10, which have nickel and chromium contents in accordance with the invention, but which contain practically no cobalt, always have a value of Δµ / µ greater than 30, whereas for samples 1 at 7, Δµ / µ is always less than 30.
De même, les échantillons 11 à 17, qui contiennent du cobalt, mais dont les teneurs en chrome sont en dehors des limites de l'invention, ont des valeurs de Δµ/µ supérieures à 30.Similarly, samples 11 to 17, which contain cobalt, but whose chromium contents are outside the limits of the invention, have values of Δµ / µ greater than 30.
De plus, la comparaison des échantillons 1 à 4 (conformes à l'invention) dont les teneurs en oxygène sont inférieures à 0,007 % et dont les sommes des teneurs en azote, oxygène et soufre sont inférieures à 0,01 %, ont une induction à saturation Bs supérieure à 5000 Gauss, et une perméabilité magnétique relative maximale en courant continu µcc,max supérieure à 70000 à 20 °C, alors que les échantillons 5 à 7 qui ne satisfont pas aux conditions de teneur en oxygène ou de somme N + O + S, ont soit une induction à saturation inférieure à 5000 Gauss, soit une perméabilité magnétique en courant continu inférieure à 70000 à 20 °C. Dans tous les cas, la résistivité est supérieure à 90 µΩ.cm ; le produit µcc,max x ρ est supérieur à 0,05 Ω.m.In addition, the comparison of samples 1 to 4 (in accordance with the invention) whose oxygen contents are less than 0.007% and whose sums of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur contents are less than 0.01%, have an induction at saturation Bs greater than 5000 Gauss, and a maximum relative magnetic permeability in direct current µ cc, max greater than 70000 to 20 ° C, while samples 5 to 7 which do not satisfy the conditions of oxygen content or N + O + S sum, have either a saturation induction of less than 5000 Gauss, or a magnetic permeability in direct current of less than 70,000 at 20 ° C. In all cases, the resistivity is greater than 90 µΩ.cm; the product µ cc, max x ρ is greater than 0.05 Ω.m.
Avec l'alliage selon l'invention, on peut fabriquer des stators de micro moteurs pas à pas pour horlogerie, à la fois économiques, ayant une bonne résistance à l'oxydation par une atmosphère humide, et ayant de bonnes performances.With the alloy according to the invention, stators of micro stepper motors for watchmaking can be manufactured, both economical, having good resistance to oxidation by a humid atmosphere, and having good performance.
Du fait de l'induction à saturation supérieure à 5000 Gauss, le couple électromagnétique appliqué au rotor est toujours très supérieur aux couples résistants.Due to the saturation induction greater than 5000 Gauss, the electromagnetic torque applied to the rotor is always much higher than the resistant torques.
Du fait de la perméabilité magnétique supérieure à 70000 (à 20 °C), la réluctance magnétique du circuit reste faible, ce qui permet d'utiliser une bobine pas trop grosse.Due to the magnetic permeability greater than 70,000 (at 20 ° C), the magnetic reluctance of the circuit remains low, which allows the use of a coil that is not too large.
Du fait de la résistivité électrique élevée, les courants induits sont limités, ce qui permet d'obtenir des pertes d'énergie faibles.Due to the high electrical resistivity, the induced currents are limited, which makes it possible to obtain low energy losses.
Du fait de la présence de plus de 7 % de chrome, la résistance à l'oxydation est bonne.Due to the presence of more than 7% chromium, the oxidation resistance is good.
Enfin, cet alliage est sensiblement plus économique que les alliages à 80 % de nickel.Finally, this alloy is significantly more economical than 80% nickel alloys.
Claims (4)
- Mild magnetic alloy of the iron-nickel type, characterized in that its chemical composition comprises, as % by weight:
- Alloy according to Claim 1, characterized in that the impurities represented by Si, Al, Ca and Mg are such that:
- Use of an alloy according to either one of Claims 1 and 2 for the manufacture of a magnetic yoke.
- Use according to Claim 3, characterized in that the magnetic yoke constitutes the stator of an electric stepping micromotor for use in horology.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9904302 | 1999-04-02 | ||
FR9904302A FR2791704B1 (en) | 1999-04-02 | 1999-04-02 | SOFT MAGNETIC ALLOY FOR WATCHMAKING |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1041168A1 EP1041168A1 (en) | 2000-10-04 |
EP1041168B1 true EP1041168B1 (en) | 2004-04-28 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP00400646A Expired - Lifetime EP1041168B1 (en) | 1999-04-02 | 2000-03-09 | Soft magnetic alloy for a timepiece |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6350324B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1041168B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2000319766A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1192400C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE265554T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2302845A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60010167T2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2791704B1 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1030294A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA00003157A (en) |
TW (1) | TWI228150B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102011001488A1 (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2012-03-15 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Linear electric motor comprises a stator and a rotor, where the stator and/or the rotor has a soft magnetic core formed as a sheet metal package, which comprises nickel, cobalt, manganese, silicon and chromium and/or molybdenum |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2816959B1 (en) | 2000-11-17 | 2003-08-01 | Imphy Ugine Precision | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A STRIP OR A CUT PIECE IN A COLD-ROLLED MARAGING STEEL STRIP |
FR2836156B1 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2005-01-07 | Imphy Ugine Precision | SOFT MAGNETIC ALLOY FOR MAGNETIC SHIELDING |
FR2836155B1 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2005-01-07 | Imphy Ugine Precision | SOFT MAGNETIC ALLOY FOR WATCHMAKING |
DE102009012794B3 (en) | 2009-03-13 | 2010-11-11 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Low-hysteresis sensor |
CN102195368A (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2011-09-21 | 鄂州市栋鑫冶金机械设备有限公司 | Cast aluminum alloy non-magnetic pressing ring |
DE202012003643U1 (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2012-04-23 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Rotor for a rotating electric machine and rotating electric machine |
US9735642B2 (en) | 2012-01-26 | 2017-08-15 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Rotor for a rotating electric machine |
DE202012000842U1 (en) | 2012-01-26 | 2012-02-03 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Rotor for a rotating electric machine and electric motor |
US9634526B2 (en) | 2012-01-26 | 2017-04-25 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Rotor for a rotating electric machine and rotating electric machine |
CN102732800B (en) * | 2012-06-10 | 2015-10-28 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of Fe-Ni-Cr non-retentive alloy and preparation method |
CN104593670B (en) * | 2015-01-17 | 2017-05-31 | 东莞市大晋涂层科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the Ni-based soft magnetic materials of iron |
JP6993079B2 (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2022-01-20 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | Manufacturing method of stepping motor |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB504854A (en) | 1937-02-11 | 1939-05-02 | Glanzstoff Ag | A process for producing improving products for pelts, furs, hairs, and textiles of all kinds |
CH217548A (en) * | 1937-06-01 | 1941-10-31 | Soc D Fabriques De Spiraux Reu | Manufacturing process of balance springs for watches, chronometers, etc. |
GB553180A (en) * | 1940-11-04 | 1943-05-11 | Wilson H A Co | Improvements in temperature responsive bimetal |
JPS5631345B2 (en) * | 1972-01-27 | 1981-07-21 | ||
US3925065A (en) * | 1973-06-22 | 1975-12-09 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Valve seat materials for internal combustion engines |
US4131494A (en) * | 1976-03-08 | 1978-12-26 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. | Corrosion resistant magnetic alloy |
JPS5741353A (en) * | 1980-08-26 | 1982-03-08 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Magnetic alloy |
FR2745298B1 (en) * | 1996-02-27 | 1998-04-24 | Imphy Sa | IRON-NICKEL ALLOY AND COLD-ROLLED TAPE WITH CUBIC TEXTURE |
FR2753017B1 (en) * | 1996-08-29 | 1998-10-16 | Imphy Sa | STEP BY STEP MOTOR FOR WATCHMAKING WHOSE STATOR IS CONSISTING OF A SOFT MAGNETIC ALLOY AND SOFT MAGNETIC ALLOY |
FR2765724B1 (en) * | 1997-07-04 | 1999-08-13 | Imphy Sa | SOFT MAGNETIC ALLOY OF FE-NI-CR-TI TYPE FOR MAGNETIC CIRCUIT OF A HIGH SENSITIVITY RELAY |
-
1999
- 1999-04-02 FR FR9904302A patent/FR2791704B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-03-09 AT AT00400646T patent/ATE265554T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-03-09 EP EP00400646A patent/EP1041168B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-09 DE DE60010167T patent/DE60010167T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-03-24 TW TW089105436A patent/TWI228150B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-03-27 US US09/535,740 patent/US6350324B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-03-27 CA CA002302845A patent/CA2302845A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-03-30 MX MXPA00003157A patent/MXPA00003157A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-03-31 CN CNB001053183A patent/CN1192400C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-04-03 JP JP2000100777A patent/JP2000319766A/en not_active Abandoned
-
2001
- 2001-02-21 HK HK01101260A patent/HK1030294A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102011001488A1 (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2012-03-15 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Linear electric motor comprises a stator and a rotor, where the stator and/or the rotor has a soft magnetic core formed as a sheet metal package, which comprises nickel, cobalt, manganese, silicon and chromium and/or molybdenum |
DE102011001488B4 (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2014-07-10 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Use of a soft magnetic alloy in a rotor or stator of an electric motor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1269588A (en) | 2000-10-11 |
EP1041168A1 (en) | 2000-10-04 |
CN1192400C (en) | 2005-03-09 |
TWI228150B (en) | 2005-02-21 |
DE60010167D1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
MXPA00003157A (en) | 2002-03-08 |
FR2791704A1 (en) | 2000-10-06 |
FR2791704B1 (en) | 2001-05-25 |
DE60010167T2 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
JP2000319766A (en) | 2000-11-21 |
CA2302845A1 (en) | 2000-10-02 |
ATE265554T1 (en) | 2004-05-15 |
US6350324B1 (en) | 2002-02-26 |
HK1030294A1 (en) | 2001-04-27 |
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