EP1036398A1 - Relais electromagnetique - Google Patents

Relais electromagnetique

Info

Publication number
EP1036398A1
EP1036398A1 EP98959763A EP98959763A EP1036398A1 EP 1036398 A1 EP1036398 A1 EP 1036398A1 EP 98959763 A EP98959763 A EP 98959763A EP 98959763 A EP98959763 A EP 98959763A EP 1036398 A1 EP1036398 A1 EP 1036398A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reed contact
connection
contact
coil
relay according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98959763A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1036398B1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas BÜSCHER
Bican Samray
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TE Connectivity Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
Tyco Electronics Logistics AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tyco Electronics Logistics AG filed Critical Tyco Electronics Logistics AG
Publication of EP1036398A1 publication Critical patent/EP1036398A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1036398B1 publication Critical patent/EP1036398B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2445—Electromagnetic mechanisms using a reed switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H50/021—Bases; Casings; Covers structurally combining a relay and an electronic component, e.g. varistor, RC circuit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic relay which is short-circuit and overload-proof.
  • protective devices are predominantly used which interrupt the load current in the event of a fault using thermal effects. These include in particular fuses or bimetallic contact springs.
  • the invention is based on the objective of creating a cost-effective, integrated and, in particular, space-saving solution for a short-circuit or overload-proof relay, in particular a differentiated response of the protective devices in the event of a permanent overload of the relay and not being desired even with only brief current peaks.
  • a magnet system containing an excitation coil through which a control current flows, a core and an armature, the core and the armature forming at least one working air gap, - at least one movable contact element and minde ⁇ least one fixed contact member, by which each ⁇ wells a load current circuit can be closed,
  • a relay according to the invention can be reset to a normal operating state by interrupting the control current.
  • Hall sensors which also allow detection of a magnetic field emanating from an increased load current
  • reed contacts offer the advantage of temperature-independent behavior, simple setting of trigger threshold values and easy-to-implement evaluation circuits.
  • FIG. 1 shows a relay according to the invention with a reed contact preassembled on a printed circuit board
  • FIG. 2 shows the reed contact preassembled on a printed circuit board with a coupled load current conductor according to FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 shows a variant of a relay according to the invention with a reed contact inserted into a base
  • FIG. 4 shows the reed contact inserted into a base with a coupled load current conductor according to FIG. 3
  • 5 shows a further variant of a relay according to the invention with a reed contact preassembled on a base
  • FIG. 6 shows the reed contact preassembled on a base with a coupled load current conductor according to FIG. 5
  • FIG. 7 shows a basic circuit diagram of a relay according to the invention with an auxiliary reed contact and an auxiliary winding as overcurrent protection elements
  • FIG. 8 shows a basic circuit diagram of an embodiment with an auxiliary relay as an overcurrent protection element
  • FIG. 9 shows a basic circuit diagram of a further embodiment with a PTC thermistor and a series resistor as overcurrent protection elements
  • FIG. 10 shows a basic circuit diagram of a bistable embodiment with a capacitor as a pulse control element
  • FIG. 11 shows a basic circuit diagram of an embodiment with evaluation electronics for overcurrent detection and load current shutdown and
  • FIG. 12 shows a realization of the evaluation electronics according to FIG. 11.
  • FIG. 1 to 6 show variants of a relay according to the invention with different coupling of a reed contact K R to a load current conductor 1.
  • the reed contact K R is preassembled on a printed circuit board 4.
  • a magnet system 6 is arranged on a base 5 and has a core, an armature and an excitation coil W R.
  • the axis of the excitation coil R extends parallel to the base plane of the base 6.
  • the printed circuit board 4 is fastened in a position perpendicular to the base plane of the base 5.
  • Two connection plates 2 and 3 are connected to the reed contact K R (see also FIG. 2).
  • Switching thresholds for the reed contact K R can be defined by a suitable choice of the distance between the two connecting plates 2 and 3.
  • the two conductor connection plates 2 and 3 are fitted together with the reed contact K R on a printed circuit board 4, the reed contact K R being oriented perpendicular to the base plane of the base 5 is.
  • the reed contact R K is thus arranged perpendicular to the axis of the excitation coil W R, whereby the reed contact R K against the magneti ⁇ 's leakage flux of the excitation coil W R is insensitive.
  • the load current conductor 1 is in a section perpendicular to the reed contact ⁇ K R arranged, being ensured by an appropriate conductor configuration that the magnetic field generated by the load current conductor 1 passes through the reed contact R K centrally and parallel.
  • this is achieved in that the relevant section of the load current conductor 1 is formed by a sheet metal strip, the sheet metal plane of which extends parallel to the reed contact K R.
  • the magnet system 6 is arranged on the base 5 that the
  • Axis of the excitation coil W R runs parallel to the base plane of the base 5.
  • the reed contact K R is mounted between the magnet system 6 and the base 5 perpendicular to the axis of the excitation coil W R and parallel to the base plane of the base 6. In this embodiment too, the reed contact K R is two
  • the two contact plates 2 and 3 are at a distance from one another which determines the switching threshold of the reed contact K R.
  • the unit formed from the contacting plates 2 and 3 and the reed contact K R is inserted into the base 5, the load current conductor 1 being inserted in one section in the middle through a sensor ring R s formed from the reed contact K R and the contacting plates 2 and 3.
  • the load current conductor 1 is formed by a bent sheet metal strip, so that the sensor ring R s lies at a free end of the sheet metal strip perpendicular to the load current conductor 1 and encloses it.
  • the sensor ring R s can also be formed by a U-shaped, magnetically conductive flux ring and a reed contact K R coupled to it via two air gaps.
  • Figure 5 shows an embodiment of a relay with a pre-mounted on a pedestal 5 reed contact K R, said reed contact K R perpendicular to the base plane of the base 5 is orien ⁇ advantage.
  • the magnet system 6 is mounted on the base 5 such that the axis of the excitation coil W R extends parallel to the base plane of the base 5.
  • the load current conductor 1 is essentially formed by a sheet metal strip, a first end of the load current conductor 1 being inserted vertically through the base as a connecting element. The second end of the load current conductor 1 runs parallel to the axis of the excitation coil W R (see also FIG. 6).
  • the load current conductor 1 is formed into a loop surrounding the reed contact K R.
  • a corresponding shaping of the load current conductor 1 in this central section ensures that the magnetic field coupled into the reed contact K R by the load current conductor 1 passes through the reed contact K R in the center and in parallel.
  • the reed contact K R is bent together with its connecting wires in a U-shape and fastened with the ends of the connecting wires to extensions of two connecting loops 7 and 8.
  • the reed contact K R can be connected to the extensions of the connection loops 7 and 8 arranged below the magnet system 6, for example by soldering or resistance welding. The distance between the two connection loops 7 and 8 defines the switching threshold of the reed contact K R.
  • FIG. 7 shows a basic circuit diagram of a relay with an auxiliary reed contact and an auxiliary winding as overcurrent protection elements.
  • the relay R has a control circuit, which is associated with an excitation winding W R through which a control current I s is assigned, and a load circuit, the load current I L through a movable contact element K B and a fixed contact element K F of the relay R is controllable.
  • a reed contact K R is arranged in the control circuit, through which the control current I s can be controlled by the excitation coil W R.
  • the reed contact K R is coupled to a load current conductor through which the load current I L flows.
  • the magnetic coupling between the load current conductor and the reed contact K R is subsequently symbolized by a load current conductor winding W.
  • the reed contact K R has a movable contact element E1 and two stationary contact elements E2 and E3. Furthermore, one
  • the load current I L is switched directly via the movable contact element K B and the fixed contact element K F of the relay R.
  • the reed contact K R can be arranged axially within the load current winding W.
  • a reed contact K R lying outside the load current winding W L which is arranged parallel to the winding axis, is also possible.
  • An alternative to coupling the reed contact K R to a load current winding W L is to arrange the reed contact K R within a loop-shaped section of a load current conductor.
  • the clock K R Reedkon- advantageously perpendicular to the axis to arrange the excitation coil W R.
  • the aforementioned influence can be prevented by a magnetically conductive shielding plate between the excitation coil W R and the reed contact K R.
  • a magnetic stray field originating from the excitation coil W R is short-circuited by the shielding plate.
  • Another possibility is to specifically direct the magnetic stray flux emanating from the excitation coil W R into the reed contact K R initiate. This is possible, for example, by regulating the control current I s .
  • a constant magnetic flux acts as an offset on the reed contact K R.
  • the reed contact K R connects the excitation coil W R of the relay R via a first fixed contact element E2 of the reed contact K R to a control voltage source U s .
  • the auxiliary winding W H coupled to the second fixed contact element E3 is separated from the movable contact element El of the reed contact K R and thus from the control voltage source U s .
  • the movable contact element El of the reed contact K R is connected to the second fixed contact element E3 and separated from the first fixed contact element E2.
  • the excitation winding W R of the relay R is separated from the control voltage source U s , while the auxiliary winding W H is connected to the control voltage source U s .
  • the connection between the movable contact element E1 of the reed contact K R and the second fixed contact element E3 is maintained due to the magnetic flux emanating from the auxiliary winding W H.
  • the relay R only returns to the normal operating state after disconnection from the control voltage source U s .
  • FIG. 8 shows a basic circuit diagram of an alternative design option for a short-circuit-proof relay, in which the overcurrent protection function is implemented by means of an auxiliary relay R H ⁇ .
  • the auxiliary relay R H1 has a movable contact element E4 and two fixed contact elements E5 and E6, the movable contact element E4 being connected to the first fixed contact element E5 in the normal operating state.
  • the movable contact element E4 is connected directly to a control voltage input terminal, so that the control voltage U s directly at the excitation coil W R of the relay R O
  • the reed contact K R is connected between the contact element E4 of the auxiliary relay R H ⁇ and the second fixed contact ⁇ element E6.
  • the coil W H2 of the auxiliary relay R H ⁇ is de-energized in the normal operating state.
  • the reed contact K R is closed, as a result of which the control voltage U s is applied directly to the coil W H2 of the auxiliary relay R H ⁇ .
  • the movable contact element E4 is connected to the second fixed contact element E6 of the auxiliary relay R H ⁇ and separated from the first fixed contact element E5. Because of this, the excitation coil W R of the relay R is de-energized in the overcurrent operating state. Because the load circuit and the control circuit of the auxiliary relay R H ⁇ are connected in series in the overcurrent operating state, the auxiliary relay R H.
  • a time delay unit is additionally arranged between the reed contact K R and the second fixed contact element E6 of the auxiliary relay R H ⁇ , short-term load current peaks do not trigger the overcurrent protection device.
  • a second reed contact can be used, which is then coupled to an associated auxiliary winding.
  • FIG. 9 shows a further alternative for implementing overcurrent protection with a PTC thermistor R PTC and a series resistor R v connected in series . These two overcurrent protection elements are in series with the reed contact K R on the
  • the excitation coil W R of the relay R is connected in parallel to the reed contact K R and the series resistor R v and in series with the PTC thermistor R PT c. Since the series resistor R has a low resistance compared to the internal resistance of the excitation coil W R of the relay R, an increased current SEN of the reed contact R K through the cold conductor ⁇ R PTC whereby this heated and becomes high impedance. As a result, the voltage drop at the excitation coil W R of the relay decreases, so that the load circuit is interrupted.
  • the PTC thermistor R PTC performs a status memory function if the residual current through the excitation coil W R of the relay R is sufficient to achieve the required level
  • the PTC thermistor R PTC remains in a high-resistance state even after the reed contact K R is reopened. Only after disconnection from the control voltage source U s and cooling of the PTC thermistor R PTc can the relay R be activated again.
  • FIG. 10 shows a basic circuit diagram of an embodiment with a bistable relay R 2 s and a capacitor C s .
  • the bistable relay R 2S is equipped with a first field winding W R1 and a second field winding W R2 .
  • the first excitation winding W R1 of the relay R 2S is connected in series with the capacitor C s to the control voltage source U s .
  • the second field winding W R2 is connected in series with the reed contact K R to the control voltage source Us and has an opposite winding direction compared to the first field winding W RJ .
  • a positive pulse of the current I S1 through the first field winding W R1 thus causes the load circuit to close, while a positive pulse of the current I s2 through the second field winding W R2 interrupts the load circuit.
  • the reed contact K R first connects the second excitation winding W R2 to the control voltage source U s , whereupon the relay R 2 s changes into a stable switched-off state. Only after the control voltage U s is switched off and on again does the first excitation winding W R ⁇ receive a positive current pulse via the capacitor C s, as a result of which the relay R 2S changes to a stable switched-on state.
  • the timing element U1 has a comparator CMP and an RC element, the capacitor C1 of the RC element being connected to the first control voltage terminal Kl by a first connection.
  • the resistor R1 of the RC element is connected between the second terminal K5 of the capacitor C1 and the second reed contact terminal K4.
  • the comparator CMP itself consists of a pnp transistor T2 and a Zener diode Dl, the transistor T2 of the comparator CMP having its emitter connected to the first control voltage terminal Kl, while the collector of the transistor T2 is connected to the base of the transistor TI of the switch-on path U2 .
  • the base of the transistor T2 of the comparator CMP is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode Dl, the anode of which is connected between the capacitor Cl and the resistor Rl of the RC element.
  • the reed contact K R closes and connects the base of the transistor T2 directly to the second control voltage connection K2. This causes the capacitor Cl to discharge through the resistors Rl and R3. After exceeding the breakdown voltage at the Zener diode Dl, a control current flows through the emitter-base path of the transistor T2, which turns on the transistor T2 and the base of the
  • Transistors T1 of the switch-on path U2 electrically connects to the first control voltage terminal Kl.
  • the switch-off path U3 is then activated via the transistor T2 of the timing element U1, as a result of which the transistor T1 of the switch-on path U2 changes to the blocked state.
  • Excitation coil W R of the relay R separated from the control voltage source U s , so that the load circuit is interrupted. The result of this is that the reed contact K R opens again, since no overcurrent now flows through the load circuit.
  • the switch-off path U3 remains activated since the transistor T2 of the comparator CMP remains in the conductive state. This operating state is maintained or stored until the control voltage U s at the control voltage connections Kl and K2 of the electronic circuit CCU is switched off.
  • Timing element U1 An undesired response of the overcurrent protection device at inrush or switchover current peaks, which are generally less than a few 100 milliseconds, is prevented by the timing element U1.
  • the timing behavior of the electronic circuit CCU can be adapted to the duration of the expected switch-on or Switching current peaks can be adjusted.
  • the timing element Ul also filtered out interference pulses at the control voltage connections K1 and K2.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un relais électromagnétique comportant un système magnétique (6) qui présente une bobine d'excitation (WR), un noyau et un induit. Dans ce relais, chaque circuit de courant de charge peut être fermé par un élément de contact mobile ainsi que par au moins un élément de contact fixe. Un contact à lame vibrante (KR), associé à chaque circuit de courant de charge, est couplé à un conducteur de courant de charge (1). Des moyens servant à produire et traiter un signal d'intensité excessive et servant à couper le courant de commande sont couplés au contact à lame vibrante (KR).
EP98959763A 1997-12-04 1998-10-28 Relais electromagnetique Expired - Lifetime EP1036398B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19753852A DE19753852A1 (de) 1997-12-04 1997-12-04 Elektromagnetisches Relais
DE19753852 1997-12-04
PCT/DE1998/003151 WO1999030338A1 (fr) 1997-12-04 1998-10-28 Relais electromagnetique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1036398A1 true EP1036398A1 (fr) 2000-09-20
EP1036398B1 EP1036398B1 (fr) 2002-04-03

Family

ID=7850760

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98959763A Expired - Lifetime EP1036398B1 (fr) 1997-12-04 1998-10-28 Relais electromagnetique

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6600640B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1036398B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001526445A (fr)
KR (1) KR20010032739A (fr)
CA (1) CA2312486A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19753852A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999030338A1 (fr)

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DE19963504C1 (de) * 1999-12-28 2001-10-18 Tyco Electronics Logistics Ag Relais mit Überstromschutz
WO2001060652A1 (fr) * 2000-02-18 2001-08-23 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Detecteur de fusion de relais pour vehicules electriques
US6853530B1 (en) * 2000-09-15 2005-02-08 General Electric Company Apparatus and method for actuating a mechanical device
NL1021382C2 (nl) * 2002-09-03 2004-03-05 Iku Holding Montfoort Bv Electromotorschakeling met beveiliging tegen overbelasting.
US7548146B2 (en) * 2006-12-27 2009-06-16 Tyco Electronics Corporation Power relay
KR200454957Y1 (ko) * 2009-10-26 2011-08-05 대성전기공업 주식회사 아크 발생이 방지된 릴레이
DE102010018755A1 (de) 2010-04-29 2011-11-03 Kissling Elektrotechnik Gmbh Relais mit integrierter Sicherheitsbeschaltung
DE102011080226B4 (de) * 2011-08-01 2024-01-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Fahrzeug mit einem Stromverteiler und einem Steuergerät
US9219422B1 (en) * 2014-08-21 2015-12-22 Lenovo Enterprise Solutions (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. Operating a DC-DC converter including a coupled inductor formed of a magnetic core and a conductive sheet
US9379619B2 (en) 2014-10-21 2016-06-28 Lenovo Enterprise Solutions (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. Dividing a single phase pulse-width modulation signal into a plurality of phases
US9618539B2 (en) 2015-05-28 2017-04-11 Lenovo Enterprise Solutions (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. Sensing current of a DC-DC converter
DE102015214966A1 (de) * 2015-08-05 2017-02-09 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Schutzschalter
EP3832684B1 (fr) 2018-07-31 2024-02-14 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Système d'interruption
EP4070354A4 (fr) * 2019-12-05 2022-12-14 Suzhou Littelfuse OVS Co., Ltd. Ensemble relais doté de protection contre la connexion inverse

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19753852A1 (de) 1999-06-17
CA2312486A1 (fr) 1999-06-17
EP1036398B1 (fr) 2002-04-03
KR20010032739A (ko) 2001-04-25
US6600640B1 (en) 2003-07-29
JP2001526445A (ja) 2001-12-18
WO1999030338A1 (fr) 1999-06-17
DE59803670D1 (de) 2002-05-08

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