EP1033247A1 - Method for controlling colour in a printing machine - Google Patents
Method for controlling colour in a printing machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1033247A1 EP1033247A1 EP00103191A EP00103191A EP1033247A1 EP 1033247 A1 EP1033247 A1 EP 1033247A1 EP 00103191 A EP00103191 A EP 00103191A EP 00103191 A EP00103191 A EP 00103191A EP 1033247 A1 EP1033247 A1 EP 1033247A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coloring
- controlling
- printing press
- press according
- template
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
- B41F33/0036—Devices for scanning or checking the printed matter for quality control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
- B41F33/0036—Devices for scanning or checking the printed matter for quality control
- B41F33/0045—Devices for scanning or checking the printed matter for quality control for automatically regulating the ink supply
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for controlling the coloring on a printing press.
- the desired colors of the reproductions are printed on the substrate produced by overprinting a small number of basic colors.
- the shade is mainly dependent on the color of the substrate, on the layer thickness and the degree of screening of the primary colors used in overprinting as well the so-called dot gain.
- the screening is determined in prepress and represents the desired degree of weakening of the color impression of the pure basic color at each point in the image together.
- the tone value change originally changes this desired weakening due to mechanical and optical mechanisms of action, e.g. the halftone dots are flattened and thus a visually higher one Cause tonal value. However, this can be taken into account and compensated for in the prepress stage. so that the desired tone value is created again in the print. They are problematic Trendy or accidental fluctuations in dot gain appearing under pressure.
- Trend deviations due to mechanical properties can only about changes in the layer thicknesses of the primary colors according to a chosen quality criterion be balanced. There are no short-term random deviations Remedy, they are the equivalent of noise in electronic amplifiers and must be taken into account when defining tolerances.
- the layer thicknesses of the primary colors serve as a constant parameter in the screening of the individual colors in the prepress stage, so they normally have to remain within precisely defined tolerance ranges. For the reason explained above, a constant deviation of the solid color density may be necessary during later printing in order to achieve acceptable deviations in the subject on average.
- the layer thicknesses of the pure primary colors are measured on so-called full-tone control areas by densitometers, which determine the ratio of the incident light to the reflected light in the wavelength ranges specified by a DIN standard. Only the channels for CYAN, MAGENTA and YELLOW are interesting, whose English initials "C”, "M”, "Y” serve as a designation for the measuring channels.
- the density value for SCHWARZ (English “Key”, short name “K”) is usually calculated mathematically from the three independent density values. However, even in the case of a measurement with its own black channel, it does not represent any usable information because there is no specific spectral range for "black” apart from the near infrared and the black filter is basically a broadband filter.
- the CMY densities therefore represent a triple or vector of density values without a value for black.
- Color measuring devices with 3 are used to measure the color tones, especially when printing together Filter channels (tristimulus) based on the eye sensitivity curves. Modern measuring devices also use spectrophotometers with more than 30 channels through computational Treatment of the measured values in the channels simulate eye sensitivity.
- a method is known from the patent specification DD 227 094, which is based on test prints of all occurring primary and mixed colors, the absolute proportions of these colors in the target and Actual sheet is determined and the comparison of these parts is used to control the coloring.
- a disadvantage of this method is the effort to create the test prints and the Use of the absolute proportions to control the coloring, because in this way none Colors that are based on different printing processes can be compared.
- a method is known from DE 4343 905 A1 in which the spectral differences are optimal be broken down into weighted parts of the existing basic spectra. This method also allows the processing of spectral deviations between actual spectra and, too target spectra produced with another printing process, but has the disadvantage that the entire spectrum must always be won. Even with newer spectrometers measurements take much longer than with a simple densitometer, so not at the required speed in a control strip or in a continuous Image area can be measured.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method for accurate and quick Statement about the size and direction of the layer thickness changes of the primary colors involved.
- the invention is described below using an exemplary embodiment of decor printing of wooden wallpapers.
- the decor print consists of the printing together of three basic colors, two of which are very similar; Measuring strips for zonal measurement and regulation of the layer thickness do not exist.
- Color One takes over the printing of the basic color.
- Color Two contains the same pigments as Color One, but in a higher concentration, and is responsible for the majority of the grain.
- the spectrum of color two can therefore be derived from the spectrum of color one using a factor.
- Color three cannot be derived from the spectra of color one and color two. This color takes over the printing of other picture elements like leaves, grass etc.
- Image 1 contains the pixel-wise RGB values of extract 1, image 2 that of extract 2, etc.
- the image pixels contain the required quantitative information RGB "and the location information about their arrangement in the image. This also includes the image contrasts, edges or grains in the printed subject.
- the decomposition factors can also be represented as changes in solid density.
- the decomposition into decomposition factors is not or not exclusively done by solving equations but by simulating the pressure. For example, 100,000 variants are run through arithmetically. The variant with the best quality (depending on the criterion) is selected. Although the computing time limits the possible solutions, there is the advantage that any models (including FUZZY models) can be used with any boundary conditions.
- the measurement is preferably carried out with an automatic measuring system at all desired image locations. As described, an RGB camera or a combined measuring head is used for the measurement of spectra with more than 30 channels
- the image data obtained during the measurement are collected in a processing unit.
- the data is then differentiated from the measured or calculated data Target data. If a quality criterion formed from the differences is exceeded the division of the differences into the individual colors involved in the measuring point in the print e.g. according to the principle of least squares.
- the differences will be there component by component as a sum of products from coefficients with values of the individual printing inks, with area coverage values and empirical weighting factors in the form of a System of equations.
- the coefficients result from the solution of the system of equations by known calculation methods.
- the coefficients are then by means of characteristic curves in corresponding full tone density changes and then in slide changes the zone inking unit converted.
- boundary conditions in particular solid color density or layer thickness
- the current full-tone density value is required for this. This value comes from a special measuring field, for example in a measuring strip or by evaluating (profile scanning) a single grid point.
- Observing boundary conditions allows the control movements to be limited to layer thickness ranges in which offset printing is still working. (0.6 - 1.3 ⁇ m).
- the boundary conditions can be obtained by video image analysis of individual raster points and evaluation of the preliminary stage information at this image point. Leaving the offset-typical image area is shown absolutely clearly in the 1000x magnification of raster dots.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Color, Gradation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Steuerung der Farbgebung an einer Druckmaschine.The invention relates to a method for controlling the coloring on a printing press.
Beim Offsetdruck werden die gewünschten Farbtöne der Reproduktionen auf dem Bedruckstoff durch Übereinanderdruck einer geringen Zahl von Grundfarben hergestellt. Der Farbton ist in der Hauptsache abhängig von der Eigenfarbe des Bedruckstoffes, von der Schichtdicke und dem Grad der Rasterung der verwendeten Grundfarben im Übereinanderdruck sowie der sogenannten Tonwertzunahme. Die Rasterung wird in der Druckvorstufe festgelegt und stellt den gewünschten Grad der Abschwächung des Farbeindruckes der reinen Grundfarbe an jeder Bildstelle im Zusammendruck dar. Die Tonwertzunahme verändert diese ursprünglich gewünschte Abschwächung aufgrund mechanischer und optischer Wirkungsmechanismen, indem z.B. die Rasterpunkte flachgedrückt werden und damit einen visuell höheren Tonwert verursachen. Dies kann jedoch in der Druckvorstufe beachtet und kompensiert werden, so dass im Druck wieder der gewünschte Tonwert entsteht. Problematisch sind die im Druck auftretenden trendmäßigen oder zufälligen Schwankungen der Tonwertzunahme.In offset printing, the desired colors of the reproductions are printed on the substrate produced by overprinting a small number of basic colors. The shade is mainly dependent on the color of the substrate, on the layer thickness and the degree of screening of the primary colors used in overprinting as well the so-called dot gain. The screening is determined in prepress and represents the desired degree of weakening of the color impression of the pure basic color at each point in the image together. The tone value change originally changes this desired weakening due to mechanical and optical mechanisms of action, e.g. the halftone dots are flattened and thus a visually higher one Cause tonal value. However, this can be taken into account and compensated for in the prepress stage. so that the desired tone value is created again in the print. They are problematic Trendy or accidental fluctuations in dot gain appearing under pressure.
Trendmäßige Abweichungen auf Grund maschinentechnischer Eigenschaften können nur über Änderungen der Schichtdicken der Grundfarben entsprechend eines gewählten Gütekriteriums ausgeglichen werden. Gegen kurzfristige zufällige Abweichungen gibt es keine Abhilfe, sie bilden das Äquivalent zum Rauschen in elektronischen Verstärkern und müssen bei der Festlegung von Toleranzen berücksichtigt werden.Trend deviations due to mechanical properties can only about changes in the layer thicknesses of the primary colors according to a chosen quality criterion be balanced. There are no short-term random deviations Remedy, they are the equivalent of noise in electronic amplifiers and must be taken into account when defining tolerances.
Die Schichtdicken der Grundfarben dienen bei der Rasterung der Einzelfarben in der Druckvorstufe
als konstanter Parameter, daher müssen sie normalerweise in genau bestimmten
Toleranzbereichen verbleiben. Aus dem zuvor erläuterten Grund kann beim späteren Druck
eine konstante Abweichung der Volltondichte notwendig sein, um im Mittel akzeptable Abweichungen
im Sujet zu erreichen.
Die Messung der Schichtdicken der reinen Grundfarben erfolgt auf sogenannten Vollton-Kontrollflächen
durch Densitometer, die in, durch eine DIN-Norm, festgelegten Wellenlängenbereichen
das Verhältnis von eingestrahltem zum reflektierten Licht bestimmen. Interessant
sind nur die Kanäle für CYAN, MAGENTA und GELB, deren englische Anfangsbuchstaben
"C","M","Y", als Bezeichnung für die Messkanäle dienen. Der Dichtewert für
SCHWARZ (englisch "Key", Kurzbezeichnung "K") wird in der Regel mathematisch aus den
drei unabhängigen Dichtewerten berechnet. Er stellt aber auch im Fall einer Messung mit
einem eigenen Schwarzkanal keine verwertbare Information dar, weil es keinen spezifischen
Spektralbereich für "Schwarz" abgesehen vom nahen Infrarot gibt und der Schwarzfilter im
Grundsatz ein Breitbandfilter ist. Die CMY-Dichten stellen daher ein Tripel oder auch Vektor
von Dichtewerten unter Verzicht eines Wertes für Schwarz dar. The layer thicknesses of the primary colors serve as a constant parameter in the screening of the individual colors in the prepress stage, so they normally have to remain within precisely defined tolerance ranges. For the reason explained above, a constant deviation of the solid color density may be necessary during later printing in order to achieve acceptable deviations in the subject on average.
The layer thicknesses of the pure primary colors are measured on so-called full-tone control areas by densitometers, which determine the ratio of the incident light to the reflected light in the wavelength ranges specified by a DIN standard. Only the channels for CYAN, MAGENTA and YELLOW are interesting, whose English initials "C", "M", "Y" serve as a designation for the measuring channels. The density value for SCHWARZ (English "Key", short name "K") is usually calculated mathematically from the three independent density values. However, even in the case of a measurement with its own black channel, it does not represent any usable information because there is no specific spectral range for "black" apart from the near infrared and the black filter is basically a broadband filter. The CMY densities therefore represent a triple or vector of density values without a value for black.
Zur Messung der Farbtöne insbesondere im Zusammendruck dienen Farbmessgeräte mit 3 Filterkanälen (Tristimulus) auf der Basis der Augenempfindlichkeitskurven. Moderne Messgeräte verwenden auch Spektralfotometer mit mehr als 30 Kanälen, die durch rechnerische Behandlung der Messwerte in den Kanälen die Augenempfindlichkeit nachbilden.Color measuring devices with 3 are used to measure the color tones, especially when printing together Filter channels (tristimulus) based on the eye sensitivity curves. Modern measuring devices also use spectrophotometers with more than 30 channels through computational Treatment of the measured values in the channels simulate eye sensitivity.
Aus der Patentschrift DD 227 094 ist ein Verfahren bekannt, das anhand von Probedrucken aller vorkommenden Primär- und Mischfarben die absoluten Anteile dieser Farben am Soll- und Istbogen ermittelt und den Vergleich dieser Anteile zur Steuerung der Farbgebung ausnutzt.A method is known from the patent specification DD 227 094, which is based on test prints of all occurring primary and mixed colors, the absolute proportions of these colors in the target and Actual sheet is determined and the comparison of these parts is used to control the coloring.
Nachteilig an diesem Verfahren ist u.a. der Aufwand zur Erstellung der Probedrucke und die Verwendung der absoluten Anteile zur Steuerung der Farbgebung, da auf diese Weise keine Farben verglichen werden können, die auf unterschiedlichen Druckverfahren basieren.A disadvantage of this method is the effort to create the test prints and the Use of the absolute proportions to control the coloring, because in this way none Colors that are based on different printing processes can be compared.
Aus der DE 43 11 132 A1 ist ein Verfahren bekannt, bei dem komplette Spektren an den Ist- und Sollmessstellen als Linearkombination der Spektren der am Druck beteiligten Einzelfarben dargestellt werden. Die Differenz der Koeffizienten der Linearkombination des Istspektrums und der Koeffizienten der Linearkombination des Sollspektrums wird zur Steuerung der Farbgebung ausgenutzt. Dies erspart den Druck aller möglichen Kombinationen von Farben, hat aber den Nachteil, dass wieder nur Drucke gleicher Herstellungstechnologie, aber z.B. keine Offsetdrucke mit Sollwerten von einem Proofgerät verglichen werden können.From DE 43 11 132 A1 a method is known in which complete spectra on the actual and Target measuring points as a linear combination of the spectra of the individual colors involved in printing being represented. The difference of the coefficients of the linear combination of the actual spectrum and the coefficient of the linear combination of the target spectrum is used to control the Coloring exploited. This saves the printing of all possible combinations of colors, has the disadvantage, however, that again only prints of the same production technology, but e.g. no offset prints can be compared with target values from a proofing device.
Aus der DE 4343 905 A1 ist ein Verfahren bekannt, bei dem die spektralen Differenzen optimal in gewichtete Anteile der vorhandenen Grundspektren zerlegt werden. Dieses Verfahren erlaubt auch die Bearbeitung von spektralen Abweichungen zwischen Istspektren und, auch mit einem anderen Druckverfahren hergestellten, Sollspektren, hat aber den Nachteil, dass immer das gesamte Spektrum gewonnen werden muss. Auch mit neueren Spektrometern dauern Messungen wesentlich länger als mit einem einfachen Densitometer, so dass nicht mit der erforderlichen Geschwindigkeit in einem Kontrollstreifen oder in einem durchgängigen Bildbereich gemessen werden kann.A method is known from DE 4343 905 A1 in which the spectral differences are optimal be broken down into weighted parts of the existing basic spectra. This method also allows the processing of spectral deviations between actual spectra and, too target spectra produced with another printing process, but has the disadvantage that the entire spectrum must always be won. Even with newer spectrometers measurements take much longer than with a simple densitometer, so not at the required speed in a control strip or in a continuous Image area can be measured.
Alle vorstehend genannten Verfahren haben den Nachteil, dass sie versagen, wenn auch nur eine der nachstehenden Bedingungen erfüllt ist:
- mindestens 2 Grundfarben haben dasselbe Spektrum bzw. eines der beteiligten Spektren kann aus einer Linearkombination der übrigen Spektren dargestellt werden • bildwichtige Messstellen sind so kontrastreich im Bereich der geometrischen Auflösung des Sensors, so dass kleinste Lageänderungen des Messortes große Messwertschwankungen zur Folge haben
- at least 2 basic colors have the same spectrum, or one of the spectra involved can be represented from a linear combination of the other spectra
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Schaffung eines Verfahrens zur zutreffenden und schnellen Aussage über die Größe und Richtung der Schichtdickenänderungen der beteiligten Grundfarben.The object of the invention is to provide a method for accurate and quick Statement about the size and direction of the layer thickness changes of the primary colors involved.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale der Ansprüche; Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.This problem is solved by the characterizing features of the claims; Training result from the subclaims.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung an einem Ausführungsbeispiel Dekordruck von Holztapeten
beschrieben. Der Dekordruck besteht aus dem Zusammendruck von drei Grundfarben, von
denen zwei sehr ähnlich sind; Messstreifen zur zonalen Messung und Regelung der Schichtdicke
existieren nicht.
Farbe Eins übernimmt den Druck des Grundfarbtones. Farbe Zwei enthält die selben Pigmente
wie Farbe Eins, jedoch in höherer Konzentration, und ist zuständig für den Großteil
der Maserungen. Das Spektrum von Farbe Zwei ist daher über einen Faktor aus dem Spektrum
von Farbe Eins ableitbar. Farbe Drei lässt sich nicht aus den Spektren von Farbe Eins
und Farbe Zwei ableiten. Diese Farbe übernimmt den Druck anderer Bildelemente wie Blätter,
Gras etc..The invention is described below using an exemplary embodiment of decor printing of wooden wallpapers. The decor print consists of the printing together of three basic colors, two of which are very similar; Measuring strips for zonal measurement and regulation of the layer thickness do not exist.
Color One takes over the printing of the basic color. Color Two contains the same pigments as Color One, but in a higher concentration, and is responsible for the majority of the grain. The spectrum of color two can therefore be derived from the spectrum of color one using a factor. Color three cannot be derived from the spectra of color one and color two. This color takes over the printing of other picture elements like leaves, grass etc.
Wegen der Ähnlichkeit von Farbe Eins und Farbe Zwei kann keines der im Stand der Technik genannten Verfahren eine korrekte Aussage darüber geben, ob die deutlich sichtbaren Farbdifferenzen zwischen dem vom Kunden abgezeichneten Proof und dem aktuellen Druckergebnis aus dem Farbwerk Eins, Zwei oder Drei bzw. einer Kombination daraus stammen.Because of the similarity of color one and color two, none of the prior art can give a correct statement about whether the clearly visible Color differences between the proof signed by the customer and the current one Printing result from the inking unit one, two or three or a combination thereof come.
Aus diesem Grunde werden quantitative Informationen und Lageinformationen in die Ermittlung der Steuerinformationen einbezogen. Deshalb wird mit einer RGB-Kamera von jedem der Einzelfarbauszüge des aktuellen Druckes ein Bild aufgenommen. Alternativ können diese Auszüge auch durch die Druckvorstufe geliefert werden, was den Aufwand drucktechnischen Herstellung der Farbauszuges einspart. Bild 1 enthält die pixelweisen RGB-Werte von Auszug 1, Bild 2 die von Auszug 2 usw.. Die Bild-Pixel enthalten die geforderten quantitativen Informationen RGB" und die Lageinformationen über ihre Anordnung im Bild. Darin sind auch die Bildkontraste, Kanten oder Maserungen im gedruckten Sujet enthalten. For this reason, quantitative information and location information are included in the determination of the tax information. Therefore, an image of each of the individual color separations of the current print is taken with an RGB camera. Alternatively, these extracts can also be supplied by the pre-press stage, which saves the expense of producing the color separation using printing technology. Image 1 contains the pixel-wise RGB values of extract 1, image 2 that of extract 2, etc. The image pixels contain the required quantitative information RGB "and the location information about their arrangement in the image. This also includes the image contrasts, edges or grains in the printed subject.
Nun erfolgt eine formelmäßige oder Lookup-Tabellen-basierte Transformation der pixelweisen
RGB-Werte in eine logarithmierte Wertedarstellung, die eine Linearkombination erlaubt.
Bei der Aufnahme von pixelweisen Dichtespektren oder Dichtewerten kann diese Transformation
entfallen, denn diese Werte sind bereits linear kombinierbar.
Sodann erfolgt eine Linearzerlegung der pixelweisen Differenz zwischen Istbild und Sollbild,
z.B. während des Abstimmprozesses, in Zerlegungsfaktoren. Die Zerlegungsfaktoren sind
die Lösung der folgenden Gleichung, wobei jeder der N Pixel berücksichtigt wird. Es gibt daher
N Gleichungen mit 3 Unbekannten. Die Lösungen für, K2 und K3 stellen die Gewichtungen
der Zerlegungen dar. Beim Anilox- oder Tiefdruck können die Pixel des gesamten
Bogens in die Zerlegung einbezogen werden. Beim Zonenfarbwerk im Offsetdruck können
die Pixel aus jeweils der betreffenden Zone in einem Gleichungssystem berücksichtigt werden.
Die Steuerinformation aus den Zerlegungsfaktoren wird für jede Zone individuell errechnet.Now a formula-based or lookup-table-based transformation of the pixel-wise RGB values into a logarithmic representation of values takes place, which allows a linear combination. This transformation can be omitted when recording pixel-by-pixel density spectra or density values, because these values can already be combined linearly.
The pixel-by-pixel difference between the actual image and the target image is then linearly broken down into decomposition factors, for example during the tuning process. The decomposition factors are the solution to the following equation, taking into account each of the N pixels. There are therefore N equations with 3 unknowns. The solutions for, K2 and K3 represent the weights of the decompositions. With anilox or gravure printing, the pixels of the entire sheet can be included in the decomposition. With zone inking in offset printing, the pixels from the respective zone can be taken into account in an equation system. The tax information from the decomposition factors is calculated individually for each zone.
Zu lösende Gleichung:
Wenn Soll und ist mit der gleichen Technologie hergestellt wurden, kann die Steuerinformation
auch aus der Differenz der getrennt bestimmten K1 .. K3 errechnet werden:
Die Zerlegungsfaktoren können auch als Volltondichteänderungen dargestellt werden.
Dazu sind die Farbwerkgrundvorlagen in Dichtewerten zu kalibrieren, indem einer Farbwerkgrundvorlage
(=Farbauszug) die Volltondichte durch Messung oder Berechnung zugeordnet
wird. The decomposition factors can also be represented as changes in solid density.
For this purpose, the inking unit templates are to be calibrated in density values by assigning the solid ink density to a inking unit base sheet (= color separation) by measurement or calculation.
Die Steuerinformation
Die Zerlegung in Zerlegungsfaktoren erfolgt nicht oder nicht ausschließlich über die Lösung
von Gleichungen sondern durch Simulation des Zusammendruckes.
Dabei werden z.B. 100000 Varianten rechnerisch durchgespielt. Die Variante mit der besten
Güte (je nach Kriterium) wird gewählt. Obwohl die Rechenzeit die Lösungsmöglichkeiten
begrenzt, besteht der Vorteil, dass beliebige Modelle (auch FUZZY-Modelle) mit beliebigen
Randbedingungen verwendet werden können.
Die Messung erfolgt vorzugsweise mit einem automatischen Meßsystem an allen gewünschten
Bildstellen. Dazu dient, wie beschrieben, eine RGB-Kamera oder ein kombinierter
Messkopf für die Messung von Spektren mit mehr als 30 KanälenThe tax information
The decomposition into decomposition factors is not or not exclusively done by solving equations but by simulating the pressure.
For example, 100,000 variants are run through arithmetically. The variant with the best quality (depending on the criterion) is selected. Although the computing time limits the possible solutions, there is the advantage that any models (including FUZZY models) can be used with any boundary conditions.
The measurement is preferably carried out with an automatic measuring system at all desired image locations. As described, an RGB camera or a combined measuring head is used for the measurement of spectra with more than 30 channels
Die während der Messung anfallenden Bilddaten werden in einer Verarbeitungseinheit gesammelt. Danach erfolgt die Differenzbildung der Daten zu den gemessenen oder errechneten Solldaten. Bei Überschreiten eines aus den Differenzen gebildeten Gütekriteriums erfolgt die Aufteilung der Differenzen in die an der Messstelle im Druck beteiligten Einzelfarben z.B. gemäß des Prinzips der kleinsten Abweichungsquadrate. Die Differenzen werden dabei komponentenweise als Summen von Produkten aus Koeffizienten mit Werten der Einzeldruckfarben, mit Flächendeckungswerten und empirischen Wichtungsfaktoren in Form eines Gleichungssystems dargestellt. Die Koeffizienten ergeben sich nach der Lösung des Gleichungssystems durch an sich bekannte Rechenverfahren. Die Koeffizienten werden danach mittels Kennlinien in entsprechende Volltondichteänderungen und anschließend in Schieberänderungen des Zonenfarbwerkes umgerechnet. Dabei sind insbesondere dann unendlich viele verschiedene Lösungen des Gleichungssystems möglich, wenn eine oder mehrere Druckfarben in allen Spektralbereichen hohe Dichtewerte besitzen. Es wird dann diejenige Aufteilung gewählt, die entsprechend eines erweiterten Gütekriteriums die optimale Schichtdicke des Offsetdruckes am wenigsten verlässt.The image data obtained during the measurement are collected in a processing unit. The data is then differentiated from the measured or calculated data Target data. If a quality criterion formed from the differences is exceeded the division of the differences into the individual colors involved in the measuring point in the print e.g. according to the principle of least squares. The differences will be there component by component as a sum of products from coefficients with values of the individual printing inks, with area coverage values and empirical weighting factors in the form of a System of equations. The coefficients result from the solution of the system of equations by known calculation methods. The coefficients are then by means of characteristic curves in corresponding full tone density changes and then in slide changes the zone inking unit converted. Then, in particular, they are infinite Many different solutions to the system of equations are possible if one or more Inks in all spectral ranges have high density values. Then it becomes the one Distribution selected, the optimal layer thickness according to an extended quality criterion of the offset printing least.
Bei der Aufteilung der Dichtedifferenzen können aktuelle oder vorbekannte Informationen über das Trappingverhalten oder spektrale Nichtlinearitäten mit einfließen. Es ist z.B. bekannt, dass die nachdruckenden Farben mit ihren Haupt- und Nebendichten nicht einfach zur Dichte der ersten druckenden Farbe addiert werden können. Der Grund liegt im nicht idealen Remissionaverhalten der realen Farben. Sehr deutlich wird dies beim Druck von Deckweiß im letzten Farbwerk. Deckweiß überstrahlt alle vordruckenden Farben. Diese Art von Überstrahlungseffekten können durch Kompensationsfaktoren für das Verhalten um den Arbeitspunkt empirisch beschrieben werden. When dividing the density differences, current or previously known information can be used through the trapping behavior or spectral non-linearities. It is e.g. known, that the reprinting colors with their main and secondary densities are not simply Density of the first printing color can be added. The reason is not ideal Remission behavior of the real colors. This becomes very clear when printing opaque white in the last inking unit. Opaque white outshines all pre-printing colors. This kind of glare effects can be compensated for the behavior around the working point be described empirically.
Die Beachtung von Randbedingungen (insbesondere Volltondichte bzw. Schichtdicke) erlaubt
die Einhaltung der offsettypischen Gegebenheiten. Dazu ist neben der Gewinnung der
Soll- und Istvorlagen der aktuelle Volltondichtewert notwendig. Dieser Wert kommt aus einem
speziellen Messfeld z.B. in einem Messstreifen oder durch Auswertung (Profilscann)
eines einzelnen Rasterpunktes.
Die Beachtung von Randbedingungen erlaubt die Begrenzung der Steuerbewegungen auf
Schichtdickenbereiche, in denen der Offsetdruck noch funktioniert. (0,6 - 1,3 µm).
Die Gewinnung der Randbedingungen kann durch Videobildanalyse von einzelnen Rasterpunkten
und Auswertung der Vorstufeninformation an dieser Bildstelle erfolgen. Das Verlassen
des offsettypischen Bildbereiches zeigt sich absolut deutlich in der 1000-fachen Vergrößerung
von Rasterpunkten.The observance of boundary conditions (in particular solid color density or layer thickness) allows compliance with the conditions typical of offset. In addition to obtaining the target and actual templates, the current full-tone density value is required for this. This value comes from a special measuring field, for example in a measuring strip or by evaluating (profile scanning) a single grid point.
Observing boundary conditions allows the control movements to be limited to layer thickness ranges in which offset printing is still working. (0.6 - 1.3 µm). The boundary conditions can be obtained by video image analysis of individual raster points and evaluation of the preliminary stage information at this image point. Leaving the offset-typical image area is shown absolutely clearly in the 1000x magnification of raster dots.
Claims (33)
Applications Claiming Priority (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1999108295 DE19908295A1 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 1999-02-26 | Control of color deposition in a printing machine has color measured and compared with reference to control components |
DE19908296A DE19908296A1 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 1999-02-26 | Control of color deposition in a printing machine has color measured and compared with reference to control components |
DE19908296 | 1999-02-26 | ||
DE1999108292 DE19908292A1 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 1999-02-26 | Control of color deposition in a printing machine has color measured and compared with reference to control components |
DE19908293 | 1999-02-26 | ||
DE1999108294 DE19908294A1 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 1999-02-26 | Control of color deposition in a printing machine has color measured and compared with reference to control components |
DE19908292 | 1999-02-26 | ||
DE19908294 | 1999-02-26 | ||
DE19908295 | 1999-02-26 | ||
DE1999108293 DE19908293A1 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 1999-02-26 | Control of color deposition in a printing machine has color measured and compared with reference to control components |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1033247A1 true EP1033247A1 (en) | 2000-09-06 |
EP1033247B1 EP1033247B1 (en) | 2011-01-05 |
Family
ID=27512680
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00103191A Expired - Lifetime EP1033247B1 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 2000-02-17 | Method for controlling colour in a printing machine |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1033247B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE494144T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE50016054D1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005108083A1 (en) * | 2004-05-03 | 2005-11-17 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Method for determining colour values and/or density values, and printing device for implementing said method |
DE102006009383A1 (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2007-09-06 | Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft | Inking system inline-controlling method for e.g. offset printing machine, involves detecting print image data of measuring point in on-line by inline-measuring device during printing, where inline-regulation is effected based on detection |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD227094A1 (en) | 1984-10-04 | 1985-09-11 | Polygraph Leipzig | METHOD FOR THE COLOR-METRIC EVALUATION OF PRINTED PRODUCTS |
DE4311132A1 (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1993-11-04 | Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag | METHOD FOR INCOLOR CONTROL IN A PRINTING MACHINE |
EP0598490A1 (en) * | 1992-10-28 | 1994-05-25 | Quad/Tech, Inc. | Colour registration system for a printing press |
DE4343905A1 (en) | 1993-12-22 | 1995-06-29 | Roland Man Druckmasch | Process for controlling the ink flow in a printing press |
-
2000
- 2000-02-17 EP EP00103191A patent/EP1033247B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-17 AT AT00103191T patent/ATE494144T1/en active
- 2000-02-17 DE DE50016054T patent/DE50016054D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD227094A1 (en) | 1984-10-04 | 1985-09-11 | Polygraph Leipzig | METHOD FOR THE COLOR-METRIC EVALUATION OF PRINTED PRODUCTS |
DE4311132A1 (en) | 1992-04-28 | 1993-11-04 | Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag | METHOD FOR INCOLOR CONTROL IN A PRINTING MACHINE |
EP0598490A1 (en) * | 1992-10-28 | 1994-05-25 | Quad/Tech, Inc. | Colour registration system for a printing press |
DE4343905A1 (en) | 1993-12-22 | 1995-06-29 | Roland Man Druckmasch | Process for controlling the ink flow in a printing press |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005108083A1 (en) * | 2004-05-03 | 2005-11-17 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Method for determining colour values and/or density values, and printing device for implementing said method |
US7515267B2 (en) | 2004-05-03 | 2009-04-07 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Method for determining color and/or density values and printing apparatus configured for the method |
CN100567001C (en) * | 2004-05-03 | 2009-12-09 | 海德堡印刷机械股份公司 | Measure the method for color value and/or density value and the printing equipment that constitutes at method |
DE102006009383A1 (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2007-09-06 | Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft | Inking system inline-controlling method for e.g. offset printing machine, involves detecting print image data of measuring point in on-line by inline-measuring device during printing, where inline-regulation is effected based on detection |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1033247B1 (en) | 2011-01-05 |
DE50016054D1 (en) | 2011-02-17 |
ATE494144T1 (en) | 2011-01-15 |
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