EP1020687B1 - Apparatus for distributing and mixing a heat transfer fluid pumped around in a closed circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

The assembly has three chambers (H,K,R) in parallel. Each is connected to a control circuit each for a system using the medium, with three supply channels (HV,KV,RI) directly next to each other at the chambers (H,K,R). The back flow channels (RI) of all the control circuits are connected to the common back flow chamber (R).

Description

The invention relates to a device for distributing and mixing in the closed circuit circulated heat transfer medium, which in a Heat source is heated and / or cooled in a cold source and according to the Requirement of each consumer is mixed, with one over one Heating flow connected to the heat source heating chamber, one on one Cooling flow connected to the cold source cooling chamber and one with both the heating return as well as with the cooling return connected common Return chamber.

Such a device is disclosed, for example, by US 3,176,759. Of Another known from the prior art according to, for example, DE 31 10 146 A1 a manifold for heating circuit manifold, to which several, immediately adjacent return lines are connected.

To heat separate rooms or zones of a metropolitan area, Normally radiators are used, those of a closed one Circulation circulated heat transfer medium to be flowed through. The respectively desired temperature of the room or the respective room zone is at These central heating systems by using thermostatic valves regulated, depending on the desired and existing Temperature, the flow rate of the heat transfer medium through the respective Control radiators. A necessary cooling of the rooms or Space zones is effected by blowing cold air through a separate Air conditioning is generated and distributed.

By using surface radiating elements, rooms or Not only heat room zones, but also cool them. While in the heating the one above the room air temperature lying temperature Surface radiation element mainly by radiation heat to the Boundary walls of the room and to the objects in the room and gives off living beings (without directly warming the room air), increases the cooling the surface radiating element whose temperature below the Room air temperature is, the heat emitted by radiation of the Boundary walls and the objects in the room and Living things on, so that they are cooled. The radiation component is at a heating by means arranged on the ceiling surface radiating elements about 80% of the total heat output, with cooling at about 50%. The remaining heat is transferred by convection or heat conduction.

In the installation of such surface radiating elements, not only for heating, It is also used for cooling rooms by means of radiation known, to reduce the installation effort a so-called Three-pipe system to use, in which the returns from the heating circuit and the Return flows from the cooling circuit are combined to form a common return become. This results in a material savings on pipes and Installation materials.

As the temperature of the supplied to the respective consumer Heat transfer medium in terms of the desired heating or cooling capacity However, must be maintained exactly because the respective heat output or Heat absorption not by the amount of heat transfer medium, but caused by the temperature, are expensive measures for Distributing and mixing the circulated in a closed circuit Heat transfer medium required. For this purpose, so-called distributors used, of which the main distributor between heat source and cold source is arranged. There are several control loops at this main distributor connected, through which the heat transfer medium via one Sub-distributor is supplied to consumers.

The invention has for its object to provide a device of the type described above for distributing and mixing a circulated in a closed loop heat transfer medium, which allows a simple design with a compact design and due to its simple and clear structure allows easy adaptation to the particular circumstances, resulting in particular from the number of control loops and consumers.

The solution of this problem by the invention is characterized in that the three chambers (heating chamber, cooling chamber and return chamber) parallel to each other and each belonging to a control circuit for at least one consumer three supply lines are arranged directly adjacent to each other and connected to the respective chambers, said Heizvorlauf- and the cooling flow line of each control loop are connected via mixing valves with the common return line, the return lines of all control circuits are connected to the common return chamber.

With this proposal according to the invention results in a compact design both for the main distributor and for the subdistributors, because not only the Chambers next to each other, but also each one to a control loop belonging supply lines with fittings clear and compact as Group are arranged side by side.

The inventive design of a main distributor, in which the Heating flow and cooling flow line of each control loop via mixing valves are connected to the common return line, provides that the Return lines of all control circuits to the common return chamber are connected. This results in a mixture of different Temperatures from the control circuits coming heat transfer streams in the common return chamber, which at the same time connected to a heat recovery is.

To take advantage of this also in terms of subdistributor, where the Supply line of each consumer via a mixing valve with both the Heating chamber as well as connected to the cooling chamber, is with the invention proposed, the return line of all consumers to the common To connect return chamber.

The connecting pieces for the heating flow, cooling flow and return lines can according to the invention optionally at the top or bottom of the Chambers to be arranged. With the same construction and training of Chambers can in this way the cheapest connection arrangement for the respective lines are selected.

According to a further feature of the invention, a main distributor is respectively through a hydraulic switch (a non-pressurized distributor) from the heat source or Cooling source hydraulically isolated. In this way, hydraulic influences from the primary circuits of the heat and cold source on the consumers excluded secondary circuit excluded.

To regulate the power of the consumer only about the temperature of the heat transfer medium to achieve at a constant flow rate, is according to Another feature of the invention in leading to each consumer Supply or return line arranged a dynamic volume flow controller.

The above-described construction of the device according to the invention makes it possible that according to a further feature of the invention in the return line each control circuit only one circulating pump with constant flow rate and is arranged constant delivery pressure. The device according to the invention thus requires no controllable pumps or differential pressure control, as the Power regulation of each consumer alone on the temperature of the Heat transfer medium takes place.

Finally, the invention proposes that all fittings of the heating and cooling circuit including the necessary vents and To arrange drains on the main distributor and sub-distributors, so that this clear and easily accessible.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Hauptverteilers,

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf den Hauptverteiler gemäß Fig. 1 bei einer Montage vor einer Wand,

Fig. 3

eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Draufsicht auf einen Hauptverteiler, der freistehend angeordnet ist und Anschlüsse für vier Regelkreise enthält,

Fig. 4

eine Ansicht eines Unterverteilers für zwei Verbraucher mit auf der Oberseite der Kammern angeordneten Anschlußstutzen,

Fig. 5

eine der Fig. 4 entsprechende Ansicht eines Unterverteilers für zwei Verbraucher mit auf der Oberseite und Unterseite angeordneten Anschlußstutzen,

Fig. 6

eine vergrößert gezeichnete Seitenansicht der Kammern des Unterverteilers gemäß Fig. 4,

Fig. 7

eine Draufsicht auf die Kammern gemäß Fig. 6,

Fig. 8

einen Querschnitt durch die Kammern gemäß der Schnittlinie VIII-VIII in Fig. 6 und

Fig. 9

eine den Fig. 4 und 5 entsprechende Seitenansicht eines Unterverteilers für sechs Verbraucher.

In the drawing, embodiments of the main distributor and the sub-distributor of the device according to the invention are shown, namely:

Fig. 1

a schematic side view of a main distributor,

Fig. 2

a top view of the main distributor of FIG. 1 when mounted in front of a wall,

Fig. 3

2 is a plan view corresponding to FIG. 2 of a main distributor, which is arranged free-standing and contains connections for four control circuits,

Fig. 4

a view of a sub-distributor for two consumers with arranged on top of the chambers connecting pieces,

Fig. 5

4 a view corresponding to a sub-distributor for two consumers with arranged on the top and bottom connecting piece,

Fig. 6

an enlarged drawn side view of the chambers of the sub-distributor of FIG. 4,

Fig. 7

a top view of the chambers of FIG. 6,

Fig. 8

a cross section through the chambers according to the section line VIII-VIII in Fig. 6 and

Fig. 9

a corresponding to FIGS. 4 and 5 side view of a sub-distributor for six consumers.

The first embodiment of a main distributor shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 shows its arrangement between a heat source, not shown, and a likewise not shown cold source, with which the main distributor is arranged in each case via a hydraulic switch W _W or W _K. These hydraulic switches W _W and W _K are non-pressurized distributors, so that hydraulic influences from the primary circuits, in which the heat source or cooling source is arranged, are prevented on the secondary circuit containing the consumers.

Fig. 1 shows the coming of the non-illustrated heat source Heizvorlauf HV _W, wherein _W is attached at the top of the hydraulic separator W, and leading to the heat source Heizrücklauf HR _W, which is located in the lower area of the hydraulic shunt W _W. In contrast to this, the cooling flow KV _K in the lower region and the cooling return KR _K in the upper region are arranged on the hydraulic switch W _{K connected to} the cold source, not shown.

The core of the main distributor consists of three chambers, namely the underlying cooling chamber K, the overlying return chamber R and the topmost heating chamber H. These chambers are shown in Fig. 1 by different mark highlighted. The return chamber R is The entire surface is painted black, the cooling chamber K slightly tinted and the Heating chamber H stronger toned.

Fig. 1 further reveals that the hydraulic switch W _{W is} connected via a line to the heating chamber H and the hydraulic switch W _K via a line to the cooling chamber K and that both hydraulic switches W _W and W _K with the return chamber R. are connected. The volume of the hydraulic switch W _W in the embodiment example, 300 liters, the hydraulic switch W _K about 1,000 liters.

Since in the illustrated embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the chambers K, R and H are on top of each other, their connecting pieces are in the case of shown installation of the main distributor in front of a wall at its rear, as is apparent from Fig. 2. Fig. 1 shows that to the overhead heating chamber H respectively the Heizvorlaufleitung HV two control loops I and II and to the Cooling chamber K respectively the cooling flow lines KV of the two control circuits I and II are connected. The respective between these Heizvorlaufleitungen HV and Cooling flow lines KV lying return lines RI are connected to the Return chamber R connected. In each case, a circulation pump U with constant flow rate and constant discharge pressure arranged.

To the temperature of the consumers of the control circuit I or II supplied To be able to regulate heat transfer medium according to the particular need, is the return line RI each loop I and II via in each case a 3-way mixing valve M both with the heating flow line HV and with the Cooling flow line KV connected. In this way, the admixture of a part of the flowing back in the return line RI heat transfer medium both in the Heizvorlaufleitung HV as well as in the cooling flow line KV possible, as this reveals the color scheme of Fig. 1.

Figs. 1 and 2 show that the above-described construction of Main distributor to a compact design and clear arrangement of Chambers and pipes leads. Such a Kömpaktausführung also arises then, if according to FIG. 3, the main distributor freestanding and not for two, but designed for four control loops.

Figs. 4 and 5 show the side view of a cabinet S in a housed sub-distributor for two consumers, the core of this Sub-distributor enlarged in Figs. 6 to 8 is shown, namely the Compact arrangement of the heating chamber H, cooling chamber K and return chamber R.

Like the side view, the top view and the cross section through these three Chambers show, each of the chambers consists of a cross section square, closed at the ends tube, with different Connecting piece is provided. In the illustrated in Figs. 4 to 8 Embodiments are the three chambers next to each other; at the front Chamber is the cooling chamber K, in the middle chamber to the Heating chamber H and at the rear chamber around the return chamber R. The Heating chamber H is on the Heizvorlaufleitung HV of a control circuit with the connected in Fig. 1 illustrated main manifold, the cooling chamber K accordingly by means of the cooling flow line KV. The connection between the return chamber R of the sub-manifold with the return chamber R of the main distributor is carried out by the return line RI. The difference between the embodiment of FIG. 4 and Figure 5 is merely that these lines HV, KV and RI in the Embodiment of FIG. 4 at the top and in the embodiment according to Fig. 5 open at the bottom of the respective chamber.

The connection of the two consumers to the chambers H, K and R takes place respectively via a feed line VL and a return line RL. The flow lines VL are both via a 3-way mixing valve M shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 both connected to the heating chamber H and to the cooling chamber K, so that the Temperature of the heat transfer medium in the respective consumer leading flow line VL by mixing from the heating chamber H and the Cooling chamber K coming heat transfer medium can be set exactly.

As the side views of Figs. 4 and 5 show, at each of the chambers H, K and R each have an emptying or venting fitting E connected. In addition, these representations show that in the return lines RL respectively a volume flow controller V, is arranged. All lines are above also provided with a shut-A

The illustrated in Fig. 9, designed for six consumers sub-distributor has the same structure as the sub-distributor of FIG. 5; it contains only one correspondingly larger number of flow lines VL and return lines RL as well as associated fittings.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

A

shutoff

e

Draining and venting fitting

H

heating chamber

HR _W

Heizrücklauf

HV _W

Heizvorlauf

HV

Heizvorlaufleitung

K

cooling chamber

KR _K

Cooling return

KV _K

cooling flow

KV

Cooling supply line

M

mixing valve

R

Return chamber

RI

Return line

RL

Return line

S

cabinet

U

circulating pump

V _r

Volume flow controller

VL

supply line

W _K

hydraulic switch

W _W

hydraulic switch

Claims (7)

1. Apparatus for the distribution and mixing of a heat transfer medium which is pumped around in a closed circuit, which is heated in a heat source and/or cooled in a cold source and which is mixed according to the requirement of the respective consumer, with a heating chamber (H) connected to the heat source via a heat feed line (HV_W), a cooling chamber (K) connected to the cold source via a cold feed line (KV_K) and a common return chamber (R) connected both to the heat return line (HR_W) and to the cold return line (KR_K), characterised in that the three chambers (H, K, R) are disposed parallel to one another and the three supply lines (HV, KV, RI) each belonging to a control loop for at least one consumer are disposed directly adjacent to one another and are connected to the respective chambers (H, K, R), wherein the heat feed line and the cold feed line (HV, KV) of each control loop via admixing valves (M) to the common return line (RI), the return lines (RI) of all control loops being connected to the common return chamber (R).
2. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, in which the heat transfer medium is delivered through by a plurahty of control loops via a sub-divider in each case to the consumer, wherein the feed line (VL) of each consumer is connected to the heating chamber (H) and to the cooling chamber (K) via a mixing valve (M), characterised in that the return lines (RL) of all the consumers are connected to the common return chamber (R).
3. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that the connecting pieces for the heat feed line, cold feed line and return line (HV, KV, RI) are disposed as required on the upper face or the lower face of the chambers (H, K, R).
4. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that a main distributor is hydraulically separated from the heat source or cold source in each case by a hydraulic separator (W_W, W_K).
5. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 2, characterised in that a dynamic volumetric flow regulator (V_r) is disposed in the feed line or return line (VL, RL) leading to each consumer.
6. Apparatus as claimed in at least one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a circulation pump (U) with constant conveyed quantity and constant conveying pressure is disposed in the return line (RI) of each control loop.
7. Apparatus as claimed in at least one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that all of the fittings of the hot and cold circuit including necessary emptying and ventilation fittings (E) are disposed on the main divider and on the sub-dividers.

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