EP1017864B1 - Alloy for producing metal foamed bodies using a powder with nucleating additives - Google Patents
Alloy for producing metal foamed bodies using a powder with nucleating additives Download PDFInfo
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- EP1017864B1 EP1017864B1 EP98946304A EP98946304A EP1017864B1 EP 1017864 B1 EP1017864 B1 EP 1017864B1 EP 98946304 A EP98946304 A EP 98946304A EP 98946304 A EP98946304 A EP 98946304A EP 1017864 B1 EP1017864 B1 EP 1017864B1
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- powder
- metal
- silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
- C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
- B22F3/1125—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers involving a foaming process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1042—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by atomising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
- C22C32/0063—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides based on SiC
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
Definitions
- the invention relates to an alloy for the production of Metal foam bodies, a process for producing the Alloy with certain additives for manufacturing of metal foam bodies.
- Various methods for producing metal foam bodies consist essentially in that a gas-releasing blowing agent is added to an alloy powder or a powder mixture of alloy constituents, an unexpanded semi-finished product being produced first and this semi-finished product subsequently being heated to a temperature above the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent, preferably is brought to foaming in the temperature range of the melting point of the metal alloy, after which the body thus foamed is then cooled.
- the semi-finished product can be foamed freely or in a mold, and metal foams with a density of about 0.3 to 1.7 g / cm 3 can be produced using aluminum or aluminum alloys.
- One method of making porous metal bodies is described and exists for example in DE-40 18 360 C1 from the steps: making a mixture of at least a metal powder and at least one gas-releasing Blowing agent powder, hot compacting this mixture into one Semi-finished product at a temperature at which the connection of the Metal powder particles predominantly done by diffusion and at a pressure high enough to disintegrate the Prevent blowing agent such that the metal particles are in a fixed connection with each other and a gas-tight seal for the gas particles of the Represent blowing agent, heating the thus produced Semi-finished product to a temperature above the Decomposition temperature of the blowing agent, preferably in Temperature range of the melting point of the used Metal, then cooling the so foamed Body.
- the uneven foam structure can indicate an uneven nucleation for the Blistering due to uneven size and distribution of the silicon particles be stirred back.
- the in the The matrix structure of embedded silicon particles is unevenly distributed and their size and shape also very uneven.
- the invention is therefore based on the problem in the manufacture of a foamable Metal alloy, especially an aluminum alloy, for achieving the desired one Properties to achieve a foam structure that is as uniform as possible and as possible to achieve favorable strength properties.
- a powder mixture for the production of Aluminum-metal foam bodies which according to the invention consist of a powder an aluminum alloy, a powder made of or with nucleating, a uniform Bubbles and homogeneous foam structure causing particles with a particle size less than 30 microns and a gas-releasing blowing agent powder, preferably for nucleation an addition of evenly distributed silicon, silicon carbide, Aluminum oxide and / or titanium boride particles is added.
- the use of a also serves to solve the problem mentioned at the beginning Powder from or with nucleating, uniform bubble formation and homogeneous Particles causing foam structure as an additive to a mixture of at least one a metal powder forming metal matrix and at least one gas-releasing Blowing agent powder in the manufacture of metal foam bodies, the powder being made from Particles can consist of silicon, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide and / or titanium boride, which have a particle size smaller than 30 ⁇ m.
- a powder can be distributed with evenly distributed Particles of a hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy with a proportion of Silicon in the form of silicon primary crystals in the particles of the hypereutectic Aluminum-silicon alloy of less than 12% by weight, based on the metal alloy.
- the very finely divided particle structure in the powder added addition, especially the very finely divided one Silicon structure is crucial for a uniform Blistering and therefore for a homogeneous foam structure, because the particles in this fine distribution, especially the Silicon primary crystals as nucleating agents for the Bubble development work.
- the foamable aluminum alloy can be, for example, an aluminum powder alloy with a blowing agent, for example titanium hydride (Tih 2 ) and a powder of a hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy with a proportion of the silicon in the form of silicon primary crystals in the powder of the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy act of less than 12 wt .-% based on the metal alloy.
- a blowing agent for example titanium hydride (Tih 2 ) and a powder of a hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy with a proportion of the silicon in the form of silicon primary crystals in the powder of the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy act of less than 12 wt .-% based on the metal alloy.
- the mixture is filled into a mold and compacted under pressure without the blowing agent powder decomposing.
- the primary material thus produced can then be hot pressed or hot rolled or hot extruded without foaming. If this semi-finished product is heated up to about 800 ° C
- foam products from a Aluminum alloy is only mentioned as an example.
- the Invention also extends to foam products from everyone foamable metal, which is a powder with nucleating Particles for uniform bubble formation and homogeneous foam structure is added.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Legierung zum Herstellen von Metallschaumkörpern, ein Verfahrem zum Herstellen der Legierung mit bestimmten Zusatzstoffen für die Herstellung von Metailschaumkorpern.The invention relates to an alloy for the production of Metal foam bodies, a process for producing the Alloy with certain additives for manufacturing of metal foam bodies.
Verschiedene Verfahren zum Herstellen von Metallschaumkörpern sind bekannt und bestehen im wesentlichen darin, daß einem Legierungspulver oder einer Pulvermischung aus Legierungsbestandteilen ein gasabspaltendes Treibmittel beigefügt wird, wobei zunachst ein unaufgeschaumtes Halbzeug hergestellt und dieses Halbzeug anschließend durch Aufheizen auf eine Temperatur oberhalb der Zersetzungstemperatur des Treibmittels, vorzugsweise im Temperaturbereich des Schmelzpunktes der Metallegierung, zum Aufschäumen gebracht wird, wonach der so aufgeschäumte Korper anschließend abgekühlt wird. Das Aufschaumen des Halbzeuges kann frei oder in einer Form erfolgen, und es lassen sich bei Verwendung von Aluminium bzw. Aluminiumlegierungen Metallschaumkörper mit einer Dichte von etwa 0,3 bis 1,7 g/cm3 herstellen.Various methods for producing metal foam bodies are known and consist essentially in that a gas-releasing blowing agent is added to an alloy powder or a powder mixture of alloy constituents, an unexpanded semi-finished product being produced first and this semi-finished product subsequently being heated to a temperature above the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent, preferably is brought to foaming in the temperature range of the melting point of the metal alloy, after which the body thus foamed is then cooled. The semi-finished product can be foamed freely or in a mold, and metal foams with a density of about 0.3 to 1.7 g / cm 3 can be produced using aluminum or aluminum alloys.
Ein Verfahren zum Herstellen poröser Metallkorper ist beispielsweise in der DE-40 18 360 C1 beschrieben und besteht aus den Schritten: Herstellen einer Mischung aus mindestens einem Metallpulver und mindestens einem gasabspaltendem Treibmittelpulver, Heißkompaktieren dieser Mischung zu einem Halbzeug bei einer Temperatur, bei der die Verbindung der Metallpulverteilchen überwiegend durch Diffusion erfolgt und bei einem Druck, der hoch genug ist, um die Zersetzung des Treibmittels zu verhindern, derart, daß die Metallteilchen sich in einer festen Verbindung untereinander befinden und einen gasdichten Abschluß für die Gasteilchen des Treibmittels darstellen, Aufheizen des derart hergestellten Halbzeuges auf eine Temperatur oberhalb der Zersetzungstemperatur des Treibmittels, vorzugsweise im Temperaturbereich des Schmelzpunktes des verwendeten Metalles, anschließendes Abkühlen des so aufgeschäumten Körpers.One method of making porous metal bodies is described and exists for example in DE-40 18 360 C1 from the steps: making a mixture of at least a metal powder and at least one gas-releasing Blowing agent powder, hot compacting this mixture into one Semi-finished product at a temperature at which the connection of the Metal powder particles predominantly done by diffusion and at a pressure high enough to disintegrate the Prevent blowing agent such that the metal particles are in a fixed connection with each other and a gas-tight seal for the gas particles of the Represent blowing agent, heating the thus produced Semi-finished product to a temperature above the Decomposition temperature of the blowing agent, preferably in Temperature range of the melting point of the used Metal, then cooling the so foamed Body.
Bei Verwendung von Reinaluminiumpulver mit einem Zusatz von 0,1 Gew.-% Titanhydridpulver ließ sich ein poröser Metallkörper mit einer Dichte von etwa 0,78 g/cm3 herstellen. Die typische Porengröße lag um 1 mm Durchmesser. Bei Verwendung eines fertig legierten Pulvers aus einer Aluminiumlegierung mit einem Legierungsanteil von 4 Gew.-% Magnesium und 0,4 Gew.-% Titanhydridpulver wurde eine Dichte von 0,62 g/cm3 bei einer typischen Porengröße von ca. 2 bis 3 mm erreicht.When using pure aluminum powder with an addition of 0.1% by weight of titanium hydride powder, a porous metal body with a density of about 0.78 g / cm 3 could be produced. The typical pore size was around 1 mm in diameter. When using a fully alloyed powder made of an aluminum alloy with an alloy content of 4% by weight of magnesium and 0.4% by weight of titanium hydride powder, a density of 0.62 g / cm 3 with a typical pore size of approx. 2 to 3 mm was achieved reached.
Bei diesem bekannten Verfahren und anderen Verfahren, beispielsweise dem entsprechend der US-3 087 807 A, ist nachteilig, daß die Blasenbildung beim Aufschäumen und damit die Struktur des Metallschaumkörpers sehr ungleichmäßig ist. Dies hat unverwünschte Auswirkungen auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften, so daß bereits versucht wurde, eine gleichmäßige Schaumstruktur durch Veränderung der Legierungszusammensetzung oder der Verfahrensführung zu erreichen. Diese Versuche führten entweder nicht zu der gewünschten gleichmäßigen Schaumstruktur oder erforderten eine aufwendige Prozeßführung, die das Herstellungsverfahren verteuerte.In this known method and other methods, for example that corresponding to US-3,087,807 A disadvantageous that the formation of bubbles when foaming and thus the structure of the metal foam body is very uneven. This has undesirable effects on the mechanical Properties, so that an attempt has already been made uniform foam structure by changing the Alloy composition or the conduct of the process to reach. These attempts either did not lead to the desired uniform foam structure or required a complex process control, the manufacturing process more expensive.
Bei Verwendung eines fertig legierten Pulvers aus einer Aluminiumlegierung vom Typ AlSi12 bzw. AlSi7Mg mit Titan-Hydrid-Pulverzusatz wurde ein ungünstigeres Aufschäumverhalten festgestellt, als bei Verwendung eines Pulvers bzw. einer Pulvermischung der Metallmatrix Al bzw. AlMg mit Zusatz von 12 % Siliciumpulver bzw. 7 % Siliciumpulver. Auch bei anderen Matrixlegierungen vom Typ AlMgSi wurde bestätigt, daß zusätzlich beigemischte Siliciumpulver zu einem verbesserten Aufschäumverhalten führen. Nachteilig war jedoch immer noch eine ungleichmäßige Schaumstruktur mit stark unterschiedlichen Porengrößen. When using a fully alloyed powder from a Aluminum alloy of the type AlSi12 or AlSi7Mg with Titanium hydride powder addition became a less favorable one Foaming behavior determined when using a Powder or a powder mixture of the metal matrix Al or AlMg with the addition of 12% silicon powder or 7% Silicon powder. Also with other matrix alloys of the type AlMgSi was confirmed to be added Silicon powder for improved foaming behavior to lead. However, a non-uniformity was still a disadvantage Foam structure with very different pore sizes.
Die ungleichmäßige Schaumstruktur kann auf eine ungleichmäßige Keimbildung für die Blasenbildung infolge ungleichmäßiger Größe und Verteilung der Siliciumpartikel zurückgerührt werden. Das Gefüge eines Strangpreßprofils, welches aus einer AlMgSi Pulvermischung mit 10 % Siliciumpulver hergestellt wurde, zeigt Bild 1. Die in das Matrixgefüge eingelagerten Siliciumpartikel sind ungleichmäßig verteilt und in ihrer Größe und Form ebenfalls stark ungleichmäßig.The uneven foam structure can indicate an uneven nucleation for the Blistering due to uneven size and distribution of the silicon particles be stirred back. The structure of an extruded profile, which consists of an AlMgSi Powder mixture was made with 10% silicon powder, shows Figure 1. The in the The matrix structure of embedded silicon particles is unevenly distributed and their size and shape also very uneven.
Der Erfindung liegt daher das Problem zugrunde, bei der Fertigung einer aufschäumbaren Metallegierung, insbesondere einer Aluminiumlegierung, für das Erreichen der gewünschten Eigenschaften eine möglichst gleichmäßige Schaumstruktur zu erzielen und möglichst günstige Festigkeitseigenschaften zu erreichen.The invention is therefore based on the problem in the manufacture of a foamable Metal alloy, especially an aluminum alloy, for achieving the desired one Properties to achieve a foam structure that is as uniform as possible and as possible to achieve favorable strength properties.
Ausgehend von dieser Problemstellung wird eine Pulvermischung zur Herstellung von Aluminium-Metallschaumkörpern vorgeschlagen, die erfindungsgemäß aus einem Pulver aus einer Aluminiumlegierung, einem Pulver aus bzw. mit keimbildenden, eine gleichmäßige Blasenbildung und homogene Schaumstruktur bewirkenden Partikeln mit einer Partikelgröße kleiner als 30 µm und einem gasabspaltenden Treibmittelpulver besteht, wobei vorzugsweise zur Keimbildung ein Zusatz von gleichmäßig verteilten Silicium-, Siliciumcarbid-, Aluminiumoxid- und/oder Titanboridpartikeln beigefügt ist.Based on this problem, a powder mixture for the production of Aluminum-metal foam bodies proposed, which according to the invention consist of a powder an aluminum alloy, a powder made of or with nucleating, a uniform Bubbles and homogeneous foam structure causing particles with a particle size less than 30 microns and a gas-releasing blowing agent powder, preferably for nucleation an addition of evenly distributed silicon, silicon carbide, Aluminum oxide and / or titanium boride particles is added.
Besonders vorteilhaft sind kleine, gleichmäßig verteilte Siliciumpartikel, die beim Versprühen von übereutektischen AlSi-Schmelzen mit bis zu etwa 50 % Silicium in den einzelnen Pulverkörnern entstehen (Bild 2). Das Herstellverfahren ist in der Patentanmeldung 198 01 941.6 derselben Anmelderin eine verschleißfeste Aluminiumlegierung insbesondere für die Herstellung von Zylinderlaufbuchsen betreffend beschrieben.Small, evenly distributed silicon particles are particularly advantageous when sprayed of hypereutectic AlSi melts with up to about 50% silicon in each Powder grains are created (picture 2). The manufacturing process is described in patent application 198 01 941.6 the same applicant a wear-resistant aluminum alloy, in particular for the Manufacture of cylinder liners described.
Das Gefüge eines Strangpreßprofils, welches aus einer AlMgSi-Pulvermischung mit 10 % Siliciumzusatz in Form der oben beschriebenen Pulverkörner hergestellt wurde, zeigt Bild 3. Die Siliciumpartikel haben eine gleichmäßige Größe zwischen etwa 10 - 30 µm und sind in der Matrix gleichmäßig verteilt.The structure of an extruded profile, which consists of an AlMgSi powder mixture with 10% Silicon additive was produced in the form of the powder grains described above, Figure 3 shows. The silicon particles have a uniform size between about 10 - 30 µm and are in of the matrix evenly distributed.
Zur Lösung des eingangs erwähnten Problems wird des weiteren ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Metallschaumkörpern aus der vorstehend erwähnten Pulvermischung mit den Schritten: Herstellen einer homogenen Mischung aus mindestens einem eine Metallmatrix bildenden Metallpulver, einem Pulver aus bzw. mit keimbildenden, eine gleichmäßige Blasenbildung und homogene Schaumstruktur bewirkenden Partikeln und mindestens einem gasabspaltendem Treibmittelpulver, Einfüllen der Mischung in eine Form, ggf. Kompaktieren unter Druck, z. B. durch kalt- oder warm-isostatisches Pressen, anschließendes Warmumformen, z. B. durch Strangpressen oder Walzen, ggf. Weiterverarbeiten beispielsweise durch Kaltumformen und/oder spanende Bearbeitung, Aufschäumen durch Aufheizen auf eine Temperatur oberhalb der Zersetzungstemperatur des Treibmittels, vorzugsweise im Temperaturbereich des Schmelzpunktes des verwendeten Metalls und anschließendes Abkühlen des so aufgeschäumten Körpers vorgeschlagen.To solve the problem mentioned at the outset, a method for Manufacture of metal foam bodies from the powder mixture mentioned above with the Steps: Make a homogeneous mixture of at least one metal matrix forming metal powder, a powder from or with nucleating, a uniform Bubble formation and homogeneous foam structure causing particles and at least one gas-releasing blowing agent powder, filling the mixture into a mold, compacting if necessary under pressure, e.g. B. by cold or warm isostatic pressing, subsequent Hot forming, e.g. B. by extrusion or rolling, if necessary further processing for example by cold forming and / or machining, foaming Heating to a temperature above the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent, preferably in the temperature range of the melting point of the metal used and subsequent cooling of the foamed body proposed.
Schließlich dient der Lösung des eingangs erwähnten Problems auch die Verwendung eines Pulvers aus bzw. mit keimbildenden, eine gleichmäßige Blasenbildung und homogene Schaumstruktur bewirkenden Partikeln als Zusatz zu einer Mischung aus mindestens einem eine Metallmatrix bildenden Metallpulver und mindestens einem gasabspaltenden Treibmittelpulver bei der Herstellung von Metallschaumkörpern, wobei das Pulver aus Partikeln aus Silicium, Siliciumcarbid, Aluminiumoxid und/oder Titanborid bestehen kann, die eine Partikelgröße kleiner als 30 µm aufweisen. Zum Herstellen eines Schaumkörpers aus einer Matrix aus einer Aluminiumlegierung läßt sich ein Pulver mit gleichmäßig verteilten Partikeln einer übereutektischen Aluminium-Silicium-Legierung mit einem Anteil des Siliciums in Form von Siliciumprimärkristallen in den Partikeln der übereutektischen Aluminium-Silicium-Legierung von weniger als 12 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die Metallegierung.Finally, the use of a also serves to solve the problem mentioned at the beginning Powder from or with nucleating, uniform bubble formation and homogeneous Particles causing foam structure as an additive to a mixture of at least one a metal powder forming metal matrix and at least one gas-releasing Blowing agent powder in the manufacture of metal foam bodies, the powder being made from Particles can consist of silicon, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide and / or titanium boride, which have a particle size smaller than 30 µm. To make a foam body from In a matrix made of an aluminum alloy, a powder can be distributed with evenly distributed Particles of a hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy with a proportion of Silicon in the form of silicon primary crystals in the particles of the hypereutectic Aluminum-silicon alloy of less than 12% by weight, based on the metal alloy.
Die sehr fein verteilte Partikelstruktur in dem als Pulver hinzugefügten Zusatz, insbesondere die sehr fein verteilte Siliciumstruktur ist entscheidend für eine gleichmäßige Blasenbildung und damit für eine homogene Schaumstruktur, da die Partikel in dieser feinen Verteilung, insbesondere die Siliciumprimärkristalle als Keimbildner für die Blasenentwicklung wirken.The very finely divided particle structure in the powder added addition, especially the very finely divided one Silicon structure is crucial for a uniform Blistering and therefore for a homogeneous foam structure, because the particles in this fine distribution, especially the Silicon primary crystals as nucleating agents for the Bubble development work.
Bei der aufschäumbaren Aluminiumlegierung kann es sich beispielsweise um eine Aluminiumpulverlegierung mit einem Treibmittel, beispielsweise Titanhydrid (Tih2) und einem Pulver einer übereutektischen Aluminium-Silicium-Legierung mit einem Anteil des Siliciums in Form von Siliciumprimärkristallen in dem Pulver der übereutektischen Aluminium-Silicium-Legierung von weniger als 12 Gew.-% bezogen auf die Metallegierung handeln. Die Mischung wird-in eine Form gefüllt und unter Druck kompaktiert, ohne daß sich dabei das Treibmittelpulver zersetzt. Das so hergestellte Vormaterial läßt sich anschließend warmpressen oder warmwalzen oder warmfließpressen, ohne daß dabei ein Aufschäumen erfolgt. Wird dieses Halbzeug zum Aufschäumen auf bis zu etwa 800°C erhitzt, setzt das Treibmittel eingeschlossenes Gas frei, so daß das Aluminiumlegierungspulver aufschäumt. Wird das Aufschäumen des Halbzeugs in einer Form durchgeführt, füllt der Schaum die Kontur des Formhohlraums aus, nimmt dessen Form an und weist, je nach Aufschäumungsgrad und Art des Treibmittelzusatzes eine Dichte von etwa 0,3 bis 1,7 g/cm3 auf. Die aufgeschäumte Aluminiumlegierung weist im wesentlichen gleich große und gleichmäßig verteilte, geschlossene Poren auf, ist sehr druckfest, hat ein geringes Gewicht und erteilt dem geformten Gegenstand eine entsprechend dem jeweiligen Anwendungsfall erforderliche Festigkeit. The foamable aluminum alloy can be, for example, an aluminum powder alloy with a blowing agent, for example titanium hydride (Tih 2 ) and a powder of a hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy with a proportion of the silicon in the form of silicon primary crystals in the powder of the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy act of less than 12 wt .-% based on the metal alloy. The mixture is filled into a mold and compacted under pressure without the blowing agent powder decomposing. The primary material thus produced can then be hot pressed or hot rolled or hot extruded without foaming. If this semi-finished product is heated up to about 800 ° C for foaming, the blowing agent releases trapped gas, so that the aluminum alloy powder foams. If the foaming of the semi-finished product is carried out in a mold, the foam fills the contour of the mold cavity, takes on its shape and, depending on the degree of foaming and the type of blowing agent additive, has a density of about 0.3 to 1.7 g / cm 3 . The foamed aluminum alloy has essentially the same size and evenly distributed, closed pores, is very pressure-resistant, has a low weight and gives the molded article the strength required for the respective application.
Die Herstellung von Schaumprodukten aus einer Aluminiumlegierung ist nur beispielsweise erwähnt. Die Erfindung erstreckt sich auch auf Schaumprodukte aus jedem schäumbaren Metall, dem ein Pulver mit keimbildenden Partikeln für eine gleichmäßige Blasenbildung und eine homogene Schaumstruktur zugesetzt ist.The production of foam products from a Aluminum alloy is only mentioned as an example. The Invention also extends to foam products from everyone foamable metal, which is a powder with nucleating Particles for uniform bubble formation and homogeneous foam structure is added.
Claims (12)
- Powder mixture for producing aluminium metal foamed bodies, comprisinga powder of an aluminium alloy,a powder of or with nucleating particles causing uniform bubble formation and a homogenous foam structure and having a particle size smaller than 30 µm anda gas-releasing foaming agent powder.
- Powder mixture according to claim 1 with a powder of an aluminium alloy to form an aluminium matrix with an addition of evenly distributed silicon, silicon carbide, aluminium oxide and/or titanium boride particles.
- Powder mixture according to claim 1 or 2 with an addition of evenly distributed silicon particles or of particles of a hypereutectic aluminium-silicon alloy, the proportion of the silicon in the form of silicon particles or of silicon primary crystals in the particles of the hypereutectic aluminium-silicon alloy being less than 20 wt-% in relation to the total amount before foaming.
- Method for producing metal foamed bodies from a powder mixture according to claim 1, having the steps:producing a homogeneous mixture from at least one metal powder forming a metal matrix, a powder of or with nucleating particles causing uniform bubble formation and a homogeneous foam structure, and at least one gas-releasing foaming agent powder,filling the mixture into a mould,foaming by heating to a temperature above the decomposition temperature of the foaming agent andcooling of the body so foamed.
- Method according to claim 4, wherein compacting under pressure takes place in the mould.
- Method according to claim 5, wherein the compacting under pressure takes place by means of cold or hot isostatic pressing.
- Method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein after the compacting hot-working takes place, especially by means of extrusion or rolling.
- Method according to claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein after the compacting or the hot-working, further processing takes place through cold-working and/or machining.
- Use of a powder of or with nucleating particles causing uniform bubble formation and a homogeneous foam structure as an addition to a mixture formed from at least one metal powder forming a metal matrix and at least one gas-releasing foaming agent powder according to claim 1 in the production of metal foamed bodies.
- Use of a powder according to claim 9 with particles of silicon, silicon carbide, aluminium oxide and/or titanium boride.
- Use of a powder according to claim 9 or 10 having a particle size smaller than 30 µm.
- Use of a powder for producing a foamed body from a matrix formed from an aluminium alloy according to claim 9, 10 or 11 with evenly distributed particles of a hypereutectic aluminium-silicon alloy, the proportion of the silicon in the form of silicon primary crystals in the particles of the hypereutectic aluminium-silicon alloy being less than 12 wt-% in relation to the metal alloy.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19737957 | 1997-08-30 | ||
| DE19737957 | 1997-08-30 | ||
| DE19810979 | 1998-03-13 | ||
| DE19810979A DE19810979C2 (en) | 1997-08-30 | 1998-03-13 | Aluminum alloy for the production of aluminum foam bodies using a powder with nucleating additives |
| PCT/EP1998/005036 WO1999011832A1 (en) | 1997-08-30 | 1998-08-08 | Alloy for producing metal foamed bodies using a powder with nucleating additives |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1017864A1 EP1017864A1 (en) | 2000-07-12 |
| EP1017864B1 true EP1017864B1 (en) | 2001-11-07 |
Family
ID=26039579
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98946304A Expired - Lifetime EP1017864B1 (en) | 1997-08-30 | 1998-08-08 | Alloy for producing metal foamed bodies using a powder with nucleating additives |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6332907B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1017864B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3823024B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE208435T1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2167938T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999011832A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2801169C1 (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-08-02 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "КНИТУ") | Method for producing aluminum foam |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2789187B1 (en) | 1998-11-19 | 2001-11-30 | Cirtes Ct D Ingenierie De Rech | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING MECHANICAL PARTS, IN PARTICULAR PROTOTYPES, BY DECOMPOSITION INTO STRATES, ELEMENTARY STRATES OBTAINED ACCORDING TO THE PROCESS AND MECHANICAL PARTS THUS OBTAINED |
| FR2808896B1 (en) * | 2000-05-15 | 2003-05-09 | Cirtes Ct D Ingenierie De Rech | DEVICE FOR PRODUCING PLATES FOR A RAPID PROTOTYPING PROCESS, METHOD FOR MACHINING AND ASSEMBLING SUCH PLATES AND PROTOTYPED PARTS THUS OBTAINED |
| DE50209776D1 (en) * | 2001-05-19 | 2007-05-03 | Goldschmidt Gmbh | PREPARATION OF METAL FOAM |
| US7175689B2 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2007-02-13 | Huette Klein-Reichenbach Gesellschaft Mbh | Process for producing a lightweight molded part and molded part made of metal foam |
| CA2389939A1 (en) * | 2002-06-25 | 2003-12-25 | Alicja Zaluska | New type of catalytic materials based on active metal-hydrogen-electronegative element complexes for reactions involving hydrogen transfer |
| FR2845492B1 (en) | 2002-10-07 | 2004-11-26 | Cirtes Src | MECHANICAL PART WITH AT LEAST ONE FLUID TRANSPORT CIRCUIT AND METHOD FOR DESIGNING SAME |
| ES2300564T3 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2008-06-16 | Cirtes Src Sa Cooperative D'ues | PROCEDURE FOR OPTIMIZATION OF STRATEG JOINTS IN A MODELIZATION OR PROTOTIPIFICATION FOR DECOMPOSITION IN STRATEGES AND PARTS AS OBTAINED. |
| DE102005005041A1 (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2006-08-10 | Märkisches Werk GmbH | Valve for controlling the gas exchange, in particular in internal combustion engines |
| JP4189401B2 (en) * | 2005-10-05 | 2008-12-03 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Method for producing foamed aluminum |
| CN101855325A (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2010-10-06 | 火星工程有限公司 | Nitrous oxide fuel blend monopropellants |
| JP2010209374A (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-09-24 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Foamed aluminum fitted with outer surface coating and method for producing the same |
| US20110005195A1 (en) * | 2009-07-07 | 2011-01-13 | Firestar Engineering, Llc | Aluminum porous media |
| US20110111251A1 (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2011-05-12 | Ken Evans | Process for producing a foamed metal article and process for producing a foamable metal precursor |
| MX2015004050A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2015-07-06 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Foamed-metal components for wireless-communication towers. |
| CN104404287B (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2017-01-04 | 界首市一鸣新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of process using foamed ceramics auxiliary to produce foamed aluminium |
| CN111394605A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-10 | 江苏大学 | TiB2Preparation method of particle reinforced foamed aluminum/aluminum alloy |
| CN113695857B (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-05-24 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Preparation method of micro-flow porous metal material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3087807A (en) * | 1959-12-04 | 1963-04-30 | United Aircraft Corp | Method of making foamed metal |
| DE2362293A1 (en) * | 1973-12-14 | 1975-06-19 | Technical Operations Basel Sa | Foamed or cellular metals prodn - from aluminium using titanium hydride, and reinforced with steel inclusions |
| US4969428A (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-11-13 | Brunswick Corporation | Hypereutectic aluminum silicon alloy |
| NO172697C (en) | 1989-07-17 | 1993-08-25 | Norsk Hydro As | PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF PARTICULAR REINFORCED METAL FOAM AND RESULTING PRODUCT |
| US5112697A (en) * | 1989-09-06 | 1992-05-12 | Alcan International Limited | Stabilized metal foam body |
| DE4018360C1 (en) * | 1990-06-08 | 1991-05-29 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung Ev, 8000 Muenchen, De | Porous metal body prodn. - involves compaction at low temp. followed by heating to near melting point of metal |
| DE4101630A1 (en) * | 1990-06-08 | 1991-12-12 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | METHOD FOR PRODUCING FOAMABLE METAL BODIES AND USE THEREOF |
| AU8326791A (en) * | 1990-08-27 | 1992-03-17 | Alcan International Limited | Lightweight metal with isolated pores and its production |
| JPH0688154A (en) * | 1992-09-04 | 1994-03-29 | Mitsubishi Kasei Corp | Metal compoisition and production of foamed metal composition |
| DE4340791A1 (en) | 1993-11-23 | 1995-05-24 | Admos Gleitlager Gmbh Berlin | Prodn. of porous metal components |
| DE19651197C2 (en) * | 1995-12-15 | 1999-10-28 | Susan Dietzschold | Material for producing porous metal bodies |
-
1998
- 1998-08-08 US US09/486,454 patent/US6332907B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-08-08 WO PCT/EP1998/005036 patent/WO1999011832A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-08-08 EP EP98946304A patent/EP1017864B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-08 JP JP2000508834A patent/JP3823024B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-08 AT AT98946304T patent/ATE208435T1/en active
- 1998-08-08 ES ES98946304T patent/ES2167938T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2801169C1 (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-08-02 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "КНИТУ") | Method for producing aluminum foam |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2167938T3 (en) | 2002-05-16 |
| JP3823024B2 (en) | 2006-09-20 |
| WO1999011832A1 (en) | 1999-03-11 |
| JP2001515140A (en) | 2001-09-18 |
| US6332907B1 (en) | 2001-12-25 |
| EP1017864A1 (en) | 2000-07-12 |
| ATE208435T1 (en) | 2001-11-15 |
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