WO2005011901A1 - Expandable semi-finished product and method for producing metal parts with an internal porosity - Google Patents

Expandable semi-finished product and method for producing metal parts with an internal porosity Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005011901A1
WO2005011901A1 PCT/AT2004/000267 AT2004000267W WO2005011901A1 WO 2005011901 A1 WO2005011901 A1 WO 2005011901A1 AT 2004000267 W AT2004000267 W AT 2004000267W WO 2005011901 A1 WO2005011901 A1 WO 2005011901A1
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Prior art keywords
metal
semi
blowing agent
particles
finished product
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PCT/AT2004/000267
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Richard Kretz
Original Assignee
Arc Leichtmetallkom- Petenzzentrum Ranshofen Gmbh
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Publication of WO2005011901A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005011901A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
    • B22F3/1125—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers involving a foaming process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a foamable semi-finished product for the production of metal parts with internal porosity by means of heating.
  • the invention relates to a method for powder metallurgical (PM) production of parts from metal foam.
  • metal foam parts in particular from light metals, using a powder metallurgy (PM) process, metal powder or metal particles and blowing agent are mixed homogeneously and the mixture is generally pressed at room temperature, ie compacted cold isostatically.
  • a foamable semi-finished product is usually produced by further extrusion of the CIP blank or compact body.
  • a semi-finished product produced in this way often has sufficient strength to keep manipulation damage to the part to a minimum during further processing, but the inner structure of the part is essentially granular or toothed granular.
  • Another type of production of semi-finished products is a pressing process in which a powder mixture or a metal / blowing agent mixture is pressed directly into profile parts in a wedge-shaped gap between a friction wheel and a corresponding counterpart.
  • a method of this type with a pressure shoe and a die which is known as the conform press method, a semi-finished product can be produced in one step, but the disadvantage is a low level of economy in production and a granular structure of the part.
  • the semi-finished product When producing a metal foam part, the semi-finished product is heated to a temperature in the range of the melting point or melting interval of the metal, at which a gas-releasing reaction also takes place in the blowing agent.
  • This propellant gas expands the metal when it surrounds a powdered propellant.
  • propellant gas can be passed through given channels, thereby creating a locally increased or locally reduced swelling of the metal matrix takes place and an inhomogeneous structure of the metal foam part or an inhomogeneous distribution of the porosity therein and possibly an undesirably poor
  • the invention seeks to remedy this and aims to create a foamable semifinished product of the type mentioned at the outset, which, with the formation of internal porosity by heating, results in a substantially homogeneous bubble structure in the metal foam part.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a process for the powder-metallurgical production of parts from metal foam, which process with improved economy has the given disadvantages in the prior art
  • the aim is achieved according to a substantially U forms are closed matrix, embedded in which blowing agent particles in a generic object composed of metal and at least one donor at elevated temperature gas on blowing agent, wherein the metal is reached.
  • the closed, porous foam part is also given a surface shape of the same shape over the surface thereof, without flat imperfections, the high quality of the part also providing particular economy in production.
  • An increased quality of a metal foam body ultimately created can be achieved with a semifinished product in which the metal matrix shooting in the blowing agent particles is formed by diffusion and / or pressure welding of metal particles 35. If, according to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, a semifinished product is used in which the metal matrix is formed from aluminum and / or from at least one aluminum alloy and / or from magnesium and / or at least one magnesium alloy, foam parts with good properties can be produced particularly cost-effectively Energy absorption capacity and the like damping properties can be produced at low density.
  • the further object of the invention is achieved in a method for powder metallurgical (PM) production of parts from metal foam, in which in a first step metal particles and at least one agent (so-called blowing agent) which releases gas (s) at elevated temperature are mixed, followed by in a second step, the mixture is formed into a semi-finished part under elevated pressure and elevated temperature, and the latter is allowed to cool or cool below the decomposition or outgassing temperature of the blowing agent (s) while maintaining the pressurization, after which, in a third step, the semi-finished part is heated The semi-finished product is shaped into a metal foam part via the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent (s) and when an internal porosity is formed.
  • a first step metal particles and at least one agent (so-called blowing agent) which releases gas (s) at elevated temperature are mixed, followed by in a second step, the mixture is formed into a semi-finished part under elevated pressure and elevated temperature, and the latter is allowed to cool or cool below the decomposition or out
  • the metal particles used in the first process step can be fine, ie the metal can be in powder form or have a diameter of up to 0.5 to 1 mm. What is important is a homogeneous distribution of blowing agent and metal particles, which will be discussed later.
  • the mixture is thermoformed into one
  • Blowing agent cannot react and no gas is released, on the other hand the
  • the temperature should be set so that a metallic bond between the
  • the semi-finished product is heated in the third process step above the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent and in the range of a high plastic deformability of the metal of the matrix, this is inflated to form so-called metal foam.
  • a homogeneous distribution of the blowing agent is important, as briefly explained above, it being advantageous if the individual blowing agent grains have essentially the same gas delivery capacity.
  • a method is particularly favorable in which the
  • Diffusion and / or pressure welding are connected to each other to form a semi-finished part.
  • a highly uniform pore structure can also be achieved in the central interior of the foam part if a corresponding one
  • the semi-finished product is heated.
  • the surface area of the foam part also has a highly uniform shape without large cavities, in a method in which the blowing agent particles are essentially completely encircled by metal.
  • the metal particles are formed from aluminum and / or from at least one aluminum alloy and / or from magnesium and / or from at least one magnesium alloy, foam parts with a particularly low density can be produced.
  • the reproducibility of an energy absorption behavior of parts made from it is also very high due to the internal structure, so that such foam components can be widely accepted in the automotive industry.
  • a high level of economy of manufacture with significantly improved quality of the foam parts can be achieved in a process in which a mixture consisting of metal particles and at least one blowing agent is heated in a heated extruder under pressure and a plasticized mass is formed, after which the mass is pressed into a mold and cooling them below the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent when a semi-finished part is formed.
  • Fig. 1 the voltage-compression diagram is shown.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an expandable semi-finished product for producing metal parts with an inner porosity by a heating process and to a method for producing expanded metal parts by means of a powder metallurgical (PM) process. To achieve an economical production process and to improve product quality, the invention uses an expandable semi-finished metal product and at least one expanding agent that produces gas at a high-temperature, in which the metal forms an essentially closed matrix containing particles of the expanding agent. The inventive method is characterised as follows: in a first step, metal particles are mixed with at least one expanding agent that produces gas or gases at high temperature; in a second step, the mixture is moulded under high pressure and at a high temperature into a semi-finished part and the latter is left to cool or cooled to below the decomposition or stripping temperature of the expanding agent or agents while the pressure is maintained; in a third step, the semi-finished part is heated in excess of the decomposition temperature of the expanding agent or agents and an internal porosity is formed in the semi-finished product, thus producing an expanded metal part.

Description

Schäumbares Halbzeug und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallteiien mit innerer PorositätFoamable semi-finished product and process for the production of metal parts with internal porosity
Die Erfindung betrifft ein schäumbares Halbzeug zur Herstellung von Metallteilen mit innerer Porosität mittels Erwärmung.The invention relates to a foamable semi-finished product for the production of metal parts with internal porosity by means of heating.
Weiters bezieht sich die Erfindung auf ein Verfahren zur pulvermetallurgischen (PM-)Herstellung von Teilen aus Metallschaum.Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for powder metallurgical (PM) production of parts from metal foam.
Zur Herstellung von Metall-Schaumteilen insbesondere aus Leichtmetallen nach einem pulvermetallurgischen (PM-)Verfahren wird Metallpulver bzw. werden Metallteilchen und Treibmittel homogen gemischt und die Mischung im Allgemeinen bei Raumtemperatur gepresst, also kaltisostatisch kompaktiert. Zumeist erfolgt eine Herstellung eines aufschäumbaren Halbzeuges durch weiteres Strangpressen des CIP-Rohlings bzw. des Kompaktkörpers. Ein derartig hergestelltes Halbzeug besitzt zwar vielfach eine ausreichende Festigkeit um Manipulationsschäden am Teil bei einer Weiterverarbeitung gering zu halten, allerdings ist die innere Struktur desselben im Wesentlichen körnig oder verzahnt körnig ausgebildet.To produce metal foam parts, in particular from light metals, using a powder metallurgy (PM) process, metal powder or metal particles and blowing agent are mixed homogeneously and the mixture is generally pressed at room temperature, ie compacted cold isostatically. A foamable semi-finished product is usually produced by further extrusion of the CIP blank or compact body. A semi-finished product produced in this way often has sufficient strength to keep manipulation damage to the part to a minimum during further processing, but the inner structure of the part is essentially granular or toothed granular.
Eine weitere Herstellungsart von Halbzeug ist ein Pressverfahren, bei welchem ein Pulvergemisch bzw. eine Metall/Treibmittel-Mischung in einem keilförmigen Spalt zwischen einem Reibrad und einem entsprechenden Gegenstück direkt zu Profilteilen gepresst wird. Mit einem derartigen Verfahren mit einem Druckschuh und einer Matritze, das unter Conform-Pressverfahren bekannt ist, kann zwar in einem Schritt ein Halbzeug gefertigt werden, nachteilig dabei ist jedoch eine geringe Wirtschaftlichkeit der Fertigung und eine körnige Struktur des Teiles.Another type of production of semi-finished products is a pressing process in which a powder mixture or a metal / blowing agent mixture is pressed directly into profile parts in a wedge-shaped gap between a friction wheel and a corresponding counterpart. With a method of this type with a pressure shoe and a die, which is known as the conform press method, a semi-finished product can be produced in one step, but the disadvantage is a low level of economy in production and a granular structure of the part.
Bei einer Herstellung eines Metall-Schaumteiles erfolgt eine Erwärmung des Halbzeuges auf eine Temperatur in den Bereich des Schmelzpunktes oder Schmelzintervalles des Metalles, bei welcher auch im Treibmittel eine Gas-freisetzende Reaktion abläuft. Dieses Treibgas bläht nun das Metall, wenn es ein Treibmittelpulverkorn umschließt, auf. Allerdings kann auch bei körniger Struktur des Halbzeuges Treibgas durch gegebene Kanäle geleitet werden, wodurch ein örtlich verstärktes oder örtlich vermindertes Aufblähen der Metallmatrix erfolgt und eine inhomogene Struktur des Metallschaumteiles bzw. eine inhomogene Verteilung der Porosität in diesem sowie gegebenenfalls eine unerwünscht schlechteWhen producing a metal foam part, the semi-finished product is heated to a temperature in the range of the melting point or melting interval of the metal, at which a gas-releasing reaction also takes place in the blowing agent. This propellant gas expands the metal when it surrounds a powdered propellant. However, even with a granular structure of the semi-finished product, propellant gas can be passed through given channels, thereby creating a locally increased or locally reduced swelling of the metal matrix takes place and an inhomogeneous structure of the metal foam part or an inhomogeneous distribution of the porosity therein and possibly an undesirably poor
Oberflächengüte desselben gebildet werden können. 5Surface quality of the same can be formed. 5
Hier will die Erfindung Abhilfe geben und setzt sich zum Ziel mit hoher Wirtschaftlichkeit ein schäumbares Halbzeug der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, welches bei einer Ausbildung von innerer Porosität durch Erwärmung eine 10 im Wesentlichen homogene Blasenstruktur im Metallschaumteil ergibt.Here, the invention seeks to remedy this and aims to create a foamable semifinished product of the type mentioned at the outset, which, with the formation of internal porosity by heating, results in a substantially homogeneous bubble structure in the metal foam part.
Weites ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung ein Verfahren zur pulvermetallurgischen Herstellung von Teilen aus Metallschaum anzugeben, welches Verfahren bei verbesserter Wirtschaftlichkeit die gegebenen Nachteile im Stand der TechnikAnother object of the invention is to provide a process for the powder-metallurgical production of parts from metal foam, which process with improved economy has the given disadvantages in the prior art
-I C vermeidet.-I C avoids.
Das Ziel wird erfindungsgemäß bei einem gattungsgemäßen Gegenstand, bestehend aus Metall und mindestens einem bei erhöhter Temperatur Gas on abgebenden Treibmittel, bei welchem das Metall eine im Wesentlichen u geschlossene Matrix bildet, in welcher Treibmittelteilchen eingelagert sind, erreicht.The aim is achieved according to a substantially U forms are closed matrix, embedded in which blowing agent particles in a generic object composed of metal and at least one donor at elevated temperature gas on blowing agent, wherein the metal is reached.
Die mit der Erfindung verbundenen Vorteile sind im Wesentlichen darin gegeben, dass bei einer homogenen Verteilung von gegebenenfalls weitgehend Monokorn 25 aufweisenden Treibmittel-Teilchen im Halbzeug eine vorteilhafte monomodaleThe advantages associated with the invention are essentially the fact that with a homogeneous distribution of blowing agent particles in the semifinished product, which may have largely monograin 25, an advantageous monomodal one
Hohlräumestruktur im Metallschaum-Teil erreichbar ist. Dem geschlossenen porigen Schaumteil wird auch eine über dessen Oberfläche gleichartig ausgebildete Flächenform ohne flächige Ungänzen vermittelt, wobei bei hoher Güte des Teiles auch besondere Wirtschaftichkeit bei der Herstellung gegeben sind.Cavity structure in the metal foam part is accessible. The closed, porous foam part is also given a surface shape of the same shape over the surface thereof, without flat imperfections, the high quality of the part also providing particular economy in production.
3030
Eine gesteigerte Güte eines letzlich erstellten Metallschaumkörpers kann mit einem Halbzeug erreicht werden, bei welchem die die Treibmittelteilchen einschießende Metallmatrix durch Diffusions- und/oder Press-Schweißung von Metallpartikeln 35 gebildet ist. Wenn nach einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ein Halbzeug verwendet wird, bei welchem die Metallmatrix aus Aluminium und/oder aus mindestens einer Aluminium-Legierung und/oder aus Magnesium und/oder mindestens einer Magnesium-Legierung gebildet ist, können besonders kostengünstig Schaumteile mit guten Energie-Absorptionsvermögen und dergleichen Dämpfungseigenschaften bei geringer Dichte hergestellt werden.An increased quality of a metal foam body ultimately created can be achieved with a semifinished product in which the metal matrix shooting in the blowing agent particles is formed by diffusion and / or pressure welding of metal particles 35. If, according to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, a semifinished product is used in which the metal matrix is formed from aluminum and / or from at least one aluminum alloy and / or from magnesium and / or at least one magnesium alloy, foam parts with good properties can be produced particularly cost-effectively Energy absorption capacity and the like damping properties can be produced at low density.
Es ist auch gemäß der Erfindung möglich ein Halbzeug einzusetzen, bei welchem in der Metallmatrix Treibmittelteilchen und bis zum Matrixerweichungspunkt zersetzungsfreie Körner eingelagert sind. Derart können Metall-Schaumkörper mit besonderem Eigenschaftsprofil erstellt werden, wobei die in der Metallwand eingelagerten Körner bei der Schaumbildung und/oder einer mechanischen und/oder chemischen und/oder Strahlenbelastung günstig wirken können.It is also possible according to the invention to use a semifinished product in which blowing agent particles and grains free of decomposition up to the matrix softening point are embedded in the metal matrix. In this way, metal foam bodies with a special property profile can be created, the grains embedded in the metal wall being able to have a favorable effect on foam formation and / or mechanical and / or chemical and / or radiation exposure.
Die weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung wird bei einem Verfahren zur pulvermetallurgischen (PM-)Herstellung von Teilen aus Metallschaum gelöst, bei welchem in einem ersten Schritt Metallpartikeln und mindestens ein bei erhöhter Temperatur Gas(e) abgebendes Mittel, sogenannte Triebmittel, gemischt werden, worauf in einem zweiten Schritt die Mischung unter erhöhtem Druck und erhöhter Temperatur zu einem Halbzeug-Teil geformt und dieser bei Aufrechterhaltung der Druckbeaufschlagung unter die Zersetzungs- bzw. Ausgastemperatur des (der) Treibmittels erkalten gelassen oder gekühlt wird, wonach in einem dritten Schritt eine Erwärmung des Halbzeugteiles über die Zersetzungstemperatur des (der) Treibmittel und bei Bildung einer inneren Porosität eine Ausformung des Halbzeuges zu einem Metallschaum-Teil erfolgen.The further object of the invention is achieved in a method for powder metallurgical (PM) production of parts from metal foam, in which in a first step metal particles and at least one agent (so-called blowing agent) which releases gas (s) at elevated temperature are mixed, followed by in a second step, the mixture is formed into a semi-finished part under elevated pressure and elevated temperature, and the latter is allowed to cool or cool below the decomposition or outgassing temperature of the blowing agent (s) while maintaining the pressurization, after which, in a third step, the semi-finished part is heated The semi-finished product is shaped into a metal foam part via the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent (s) and when an internal porosity is formed.
Gemäß der Erfindung können die im ersten Verfahrensschritt verwendeten Metallpartikeln fein sein, also das Metall in Pulverform vorliegen oder einen Durchmesser bis zu einer 0,5 bis 1 mm aufweisen. Wichtig ist eine homogene Verteilung von Treibmittel und Metallpartikeln, worauf noch eingegangen werden wird. Im zweiten Verfahrensschritt erfolgt ein Warmformen des Gemisches zu einemAccording to the invention, the metal particles used in the first process step can be fine, ie the metal can be in powder form or have a diameter of up to 0.5 to 1 mm. What is important is a homogeneous distribution of blowing agent and metal particles, which will be discussed later. In the second process step, the mixture is thermoformed into one
Halbzeugteil, wobei einerseits der Formdruck so hoch sein muss, dass dasSemi-finished part, where on the one hand the mold pressure must be so high that the
Treibmittel nicht reagieren kann und kein Gas abspaltet, andererseits dieBlowing agent cannot react and no gas is released, on the other hand the
Temperatur so einzustellen ist, dass eine metallische Bindung zwischen denThe temperature should be set so that a metallic bond between the
Metallpartikeln ermöglicht wird.Metal particles is made possible.
Bei Versuchen mit Partikeln aus Aluminium und Aluminium-Legierungen sowie aus Magnesium und Magnesium-Legierungen wurde gefunden, dass im Temperaturbereich zwischen 300°C und 630°C, insbesondere über 400°C bis 500°C eine quasi Metallmatrix um die Treibmittelteilchen gebildet werden kann. Dabei ist es jedoch wichtig, bei einer Abkühlung des Halbzeugteiles, die Druckbeaufschlagung jeweils über dem Zersetzungsdruck des Treibmittels zu halten.In tests with particles made of aluminum and aluminum alloys as well as magnesium and magnesium alloys, it was found that in the temperature range between 300 ° C and 630 ° C, in particular above 400 ° C to 500 ° C, a quasi metal matrix can be formed around the blowing agent particles , It is important, however, to keep the pressurization above the decomposition pressure of the blowing agent when the semi-finished part cools down.
Wenn nun nach der Erfindung im dritten Verfahrensschritt ein Erwärmung des Halbzeugs über die Zersetzungstemperatur des Treibmittels und in den Bereich einer hohen plastischen Verformbarkeit des Metalles der Matrix erfolgt , wird dieses unter Bildung von sogenannten Metallschaum aufgebläht. Um nun eine möglichst gleichmäßige Schaumstruktur zu erreichen, ist, wie oben kurz dargelegt, eine homogene Verteilung des Treibmittels wichtig, wobei es von Vorteil ist, wenn die einzelnen Treibmittelkörner im Wesentlichen die gleiche Gasabgabekapazität haben.If, according to the invention, the semi-finished product is heated in the third process step above the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent and in the range of a high plastic deformability of the metal of the matrix, this is inflated to form so-called metal foam. In order to achieve a foam structure that is as uniform as possible, a homogeneous distribution of the blowing agent is important, as briefly explained above, it being advantageous if the individual blowing agent grains have essentially the same gas delivery capacity.
Besonders günstig stellt sich ein Verfahren dar, bei welchem im zweiten Schritt dieA method is particularly favorable in which the
Metallpartikeln beim Einschließen von Treibmittelteilchen zumindest teilweise durchMetal particles at least partially due to the inclusion of blowing agent particles
Diffusions- und/oder Press-Schweißung miteinander zu einem Halbzeug-Teil verbunden werden. Derart kann eine höchst gleichmäßige Porenstruktur auch im zentralen Inneren des Schaumteiles erzielt werden, wenn eine entsprechendeDiffusion and / or pressure welding are connected to each other to form a semi-finished part. In this way, a highly uniform pore structure can also be achieved in the central interior of the foam part if a corresponding one
Erwärmung des Halbzeuges erfolgt.The semi-finished product is heated.
Auch der Oberflächenbereich des Schaumteiles weist eine höchst gleichmäßige Form ohne größer Hohlstellen, bei einem Verfahren, bei welchem die Treibmittelteilchen im Wesentlichen voll umflänglich durch Metall eingeschlossen werden, auf. Bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren, bei welchem die Metallpartikeln aus Aluminium und/oder aus mindestens einer Aluminium-Legierung und/oder aus Magnesium und/oder aus mindestens einer Magnesium-Legierung gebildet werden, sind Schaumteile mit besonders niedriger Dichte herstellbar. Auch eine Reproduzierbarkeit eines Energieabsorptionsverhaltens von daraus gefertigten Teilen ist auf Grund der inneren Struktur sehr hoch, sodass derartige Schaumkomponenten in der Fahrzeugindustrie hohe Akzeptanz erhalten können.The surface area of the foam part also has a highly uniform shape without large cavities, in a method in which the blowing agent particles are essentially completely encircled by metal. In a method according to the invention, in which the metal particles are formed from aluminum and / or from at least one aluminum alloy and / or from magnesium and / or from at least one magnesium alloy, foam parts with a particularly low density can be produced. The reproducibility of an energy absorption behavior of parts made from it is also very high due to the internal structure, so that such foam components can be widely accepted in the automotive industry.
Eine hohe Wirtschaftlichkeit der Herstellung bei wesentlich verbesserter Güte der Schaumteile ist bei einem Verfahren erreichbar, bei welchem eine aus Metallpartikeln und mindestens einem Treibmittel bestehende Mischung in einem beheizten Extruder unter Druckbeaufschlagung erwärmt und eine plastifizierte Masse gebildet wird, wonach ein Einpressen der Masse in eine Form und ein Abkühlen derselben unter die Zersetzungstemperatur des Treibmittels bei Ausformung eines Halbzeug-Teiles erfolgen.A high level of economy of manufacture with significantly improved quality of the foam parts can be achieved in a process in which a mixture consisting of metal particles and at least one blowing agent is heated in a heated extruder under pressure and a plasticized mass is formed, after which the mass is pressed into a mold and cooling them below the decomposition temperature of the blowing agent when a semi-finished part is formed.
In praktischen Untersuchungen wurden nach der letztgenannten Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens Autoteile mit unterschiedlicher Dichte bzw. unterschiedlicher Porengröße gefertigt und erprobt. Als Schaummetall wurde Aluminium verwendet.In practical tests, auto parts with different densities or different pore sizes were manufactured and tested according to the latter variant of the method according to the invention. Aluminum was used as the foam metal.
In Fig. 1 ist das Spannungs-Stauchdiagramm wiedergegeben.In Fig. 1, the voltage-compression diagram is shown.
Die Untersuchungen zeigten auch in überraschender Weise, dass derThe investigations also surprisingly showed that the
Treibmittelanteil im Halbzeug, insbesondere bei einer Herstellung von geschäumtenProportion of blowing agent in the semi-finished product, especially in the production of foamed
Flachprodukten erheblich verringert werden kann. Flat products can be significantly reduced.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Schäumbares Halbzeug zur Herstellung von Metallteilen mit innerer Porosität mittels Erwärmung, bestehend aus Metall und mindestens einem bei erhöhter1. Foamable semi-finished product for the production of metal parts with internal porosity by heating, consisting of metal and at least one with increased
Temperatur Gas abgebenden Treibmittel, bei welchem das Metall eine im Wesentlichen geschlossene Matrix bildet, in welcher Treibmittelteilchen eingelagert sind.Gas-releasing blowing agent in which the metal forms a substantially closed matrix in which blowing agent particles are embedded.
2. Halbzeug nach Anspruch 1 , bei welchem die die Treibmittelteilchen einschließende Metallmatrix durch Diffusions- und/oder Press-Schweißung von Metallpartikeln gebildet ist.2. Semi-finished product according to claim 1, in which the metal matrix enclosing the blowing agent particles is formed by diffusion and / or pressure welding of metal particles.
3. Halbzeug nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei welchem die Metallmatrix aus Aluminium und/oder aus mindestens einer Aluminium-Legierung und/oder aus Magnesium und/oder mindestens einer Magnesium-Legierung gebildet ist.3. Semi-finished product according to claim 1 or 2, in which the metal matrix is formed from aluminum and / or from at least one aluminum alloy and / or from magnesium and / or at least one magnesium alloy.
4. Halbzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, bei welchem in der Metallmatrix4. Semi-finished product according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which in the metal matrix
Treibmittelteilchen und bis zum Matrixerweichungspunkt zersetzungsfreie Kömer eingelagert sind.Propellant particles and grains free of decomposition up to the matrix softening point are embedded.
5. Verfahren zur pulvermetallurgischen (PM-)Herstellung von Teilen aus Metallschaum, bei welchem in einem ersten Schritt Metallpartikeln und mindestens ein bei erhöhter Temperatur5. Process for the powder metallurgical (PM) production of parts from metal foam, in which in a first step metal particles and at least one at elevated temperature
Gas(e) abgebendes Mittel, sogenannte Treibmittel, gemischt werden, worauf in einem zweiten Schritt die Mischung unter erhöhtem Druck und erhöhterGas (e) releasing agent, so-called propellant, are mixed, whereupon in a second step the mixture under increased pressure and increased
Temperatur zu einem Halbzeug-Teil geformt und dieser bei Aufrechterhaltung derTemperature formed into a semi-finished part and this while maintaining the
Druckbeaufschlagung unter die Zersetzungs- bzw. Ausgastemperatur des (der) Treibmittels erkalten gelassen oder gekühlt wird, wonach in einem dritten Schritt eine Erwärmung des Halbzeugteiles über die Zersetzungstemperatur des (der) Treibmittel und bei Bildung einer inneren Porosität eine Ausformung des Halbzeuges zu einem Metallschaum-Teil erfolgen.Pressurization below the decomposition or outgassing temperature of the blowing agent (s) is cooled or cooled, after which, in a third step, the semi-finished part is heated above the decomposing temperature of the blowing agent (s) and, if an internal porosity is formed, the semi-finished part is formed into a metal foam. Part.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, bei welchem im zweiten Schritt die Metallpartikeln beim Einschließen von Treibmittelteilchen zumindest teilweise durch Diffusions - und/oder Press-Schweißung miteinander zu einem Halbzeug-Teil verbunden werden.6. The method according to claim 5, in which in the second step the metal particles when blowing agent particles are enclosed, they are at least partially connected to one another to form a semi-finished part by diffusion and / or pressure welding.
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7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, bei welchem die Treibmittelteilchen im Wesentlichen voll umfänglich durch Metall eingeschlossen werden.7. The method of claim 5 or 6, wherein the blowing agent particles are substantially completely enclosed by metal.
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, bei welchem die Metallpartikeln o aus Aluminium und/oder aus mindestens einer Aluminium-Legierung und/oder aus Magnesium und/oder aus mindestens einer Magnesium-Legierung gebildet werden.8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, in which the metal particles o are formed from aluminum and / or from at least one aluminum alloy and / or from magnesium and / or from at least one magnesium alloy.
9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, bei welchem eine aus Metallpartikeln und mindestens einem Treibmittel bestehende Mischung in einem5 beheizten Extruder unter Druckbeaufschlagung erwärmt und eine plastifizierte Masse gebildet wird, wonach ein Einpressen der Masse in eine Form und ein Abkühlen derselben unter die Zersetzungstemperatur des Treibmittels bei Ausformung eines Halbzeug-Teiles erfolgen. 09. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, in which a mixture consisting of metal particles and at least one blowing agent is heated in a heated extruder under pressure and a plasticized mass is formed, after which the mass is pressed into a mold and cooled under the mold The decomposition temperature of the blowing agent takes place when a semi-finished part is formed. 0
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PCT/AT2004/000267 2003-08-05 2004-07-26 Expandable semi-finished product and method for producing metal parts with an internal porosity WO2005011901A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA1242/2003 2003-08-05
AT0124203A AT412876B (en) 2003-08-05 2003-08-05 FOAMING SEMI-FINISHED AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING METAL PARTS OF INTERNAL PORO-SITY

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