EP1012471A1 - Soupape d'injection de carburant - Google Patents

Soupape d'injection de carburant

Info

Publication number
EP1012471A1
EP1012471A1 EP99906047A EP99906047A EP1012471A1 EP 1012471 A1 EP1012471 A1 EP 1012471A1 EP 99906047 A EP99906047 A EP 99906047A EP 99906047 A EP99906047 A EP 99906047A EP 1012471 A1 EP1012471 A1 EP 1012471A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve seat
valve
fuel injection
swirl
seat body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99906047A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1012471B1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Müller
Günter DANTES
Jörg HEYSE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1012471A1 publication Critical patent/EP1012471A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1012471B1 publication Critical patent/EP1012471B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1853—Orifice plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/162—Means to impart a whirling motion to fuel upstream or near discharging orifices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Flat armature-acting flat valve plate is lifted from an opposing valve seat plate, which together form a plate valve part.
  • a swirl element is arranged upstream of the valve seat plate, which sets the fuel flowing to the valve seat in a circular rotary movement.
  • a stop plate limits the axial path of the valve plate on the side opposite the valve seat plate. The valve plate is surrounded by the swirl element with great play; a certain guidance of the valve plate does that
  • the grooves are present as swirl channels.
  • a fuel injection valve is already known from WO 96/11335, at the downstream end of which a multi-disc atomization attachment with a swirl preparation is arranged.
  • This atomizing attachment is also provided on the valve seat support downstream of a disk-shaped guide element installed in a valve seat carrier and a valve seat, an additional support element holding the atomizing attachment in a defined position.
  • the atomizing attachment is designed with two or four disks, the individual disks being made from stainless steel or silicon. Accordingly, conventional machining methods such as eroding, punching or etching are used in the manufacture of the opening geometries in the panes.
  • Each individual disc of the atomizing attachment is manufactured separately, after which, in accordance with the desired number of disks, all of the same size disks are stacked on top of one another to form the complete atomizing attachment.
  • the fuel injector according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that with it a very high atomization quality of a fuel to be sprayed off as well as a very variably configurable jet or spray shaping adapted to the respective requirements (e.g. installation conditions, engine configurations, cylinder shapes, spark plug position) is achieved.
  • a very high atomization quality of a fuel to be sprayed off as well as a very variably configurable jet or spray shaping adapted to the respective requirements (e.g. installation conditions, engine configurations, cylinder shapes, spark plug position) is achieved.
  • atomizer disks that are very easy to use in the fuel injector, the exhaust gas emission of an internal combustion engine equipped with corresponding fuel injection valves is reduced and a reduction in fuel consumption is also achieved.
  • the atomizer disc is produced in a particularly advantageous manner by means of multilayer electroplating. Due to their metallic design, the atomizer disks are very unbreakable and easy to assemble and, thanks to the specific design of their top layer, allow optimal installation on the fuel injector. Attaching the atomizer disc to the fuel injector in a precisely defined position is particularly simplified.
  • the use of multilayer electroplating allows an extremely high degree of design freedom, since the contours of the opening areas (inlet areas, inflow areas, swirl channels, swirl chamber) can be freely selected in the atomizer disc.
  • This flexible design is particularly advantageous compared to silicon wafers, in which the contours that can be achieved due to the crystal axes are strictly specified (truncated pyramids).
  • Metallic deposition has the advantage of a very large variety of materials, especially when compared to the production of silicon wafers. The most diverse metals with their different magnetic properties and
  • Hardening can be used in the micro electroplating used to manufacture the atomizing disks.
  • Claim 1 specified fuel injector possible.
  • the upstream layer represents a spacer layer, followed by an inflow layer in the downstream direction, which completely covers the swirl chamber of a lower swirl generation layer.
  • Swirl generation layer is formed by one or more material areas which, on account of their contouring and their geometrical position relative to one another, define the contours of the swirl chamber and the swirl channels.
  • the material areas can be in accordance with the desired contouring of the Swirl channels have very different shapes, for example web-like or spiral-shaped.
  • the contours of the spacer layer and the swirl chamber can also be designed flexibly.
  • the receiving element is expediently cup-shaped and has a circumferential one
  • Mantle section and a bottom section. While the bottom section serves to support the atomizer disk and to press the atomizer disk onto the valve seat body, the jacket section is used to fix the receiving element to the valve seat body, e.g. achieved by means of a weld seam.
  • FIG. 1 shows a partially illustrated fuel injector in section with an atomizer disc at the downstream valve end
  • FIG. 2 shows a section along line II-II in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a downstream valve end
  • FIG. 4 shows a section along line IV-IV in Figure 3
  • Figure 5 shows a third embodiment of a downstream valve end
  • Figure 6 shows a fourth exemplary embodiment of a downstream valve end
  • FIG. 7 shows a section along the line VII-VII in FIG. 6
  • FIG. 8 shows a fifth exemplary embodiment of a downstream valve end.
  • the electromagnetically actuated valve in the form of an injection valve for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing, spark-ignited internal combustion engines, shown by way of example and in simplified form in FIG. 1, has a tubular, largely hollow-cylindrical core 2, which is at least partially surrounded by a magnetic coil 1 and serves as the inner pole of a magnetic circuit.
  • the fuel injection valve is suitable themselves as
  • High-pressure injection valve for injecting fuel directly into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • valve housing is at least partially formed by an elongated, multiply stepped valve seat body 9, in which an axially movable valve part is provided.
  • This valve part consists at least of an armature 11 and a rod-shaped valve needle 12 which is enclosed by the valve seat body 9.
  • valve needle 12 Through opening 14 of the valve seat body 9, which runs concentrically to the longitudinal valve axis 8, is designed, for example, such that it partially serves to guide the valve needle 12.
  • the valve needle 12 has four milled slots 13 distributed over its circumference, which allow the flow of the flow through the needle guide region along the valve seat body 9 - 7 -
  • valve part can also be designed as a flat disc with an integrated armature.
  • the through opening 14 is tapered in the shape of a truncated cone downstream, since the valve seat body 9 forms a conical valve seat surface 15 in this region.
  • the valve needle 12 has a valve closing section 16 at its downstream end. This, for example, hemispherically rounded valve closing section 16 interacts in a known manner with the valve seat surface 15.
  • the swirl disk 30 Downstream of the valve seat surface 15 there follows an atomizer disc 30, which is accommodated and held in a cup-shaped receiving element 18 and which, according to the invention, is referred to as swirl disc 30 due to its geometry and its special mode of operation.
  • the swirl disk 30 is e.g. produced by means of multilayer electroplating and comprises three metallic layers deposited on one another.
  • the injection valve is actuated electromagnetically, for example, in a known manner.
  • the indicated electromagnetic circuit with the magnet coil 1, the core 2 and the armature 11 is used for the axial movement of the valve needle 12 and thus for opening against the spring force of a return spring (not shown) or closing the injection valve.
  • the armature 11 is facing away from the valve closing section 16 End of the valve needle 12 z. B. connected by a weld and aligned to the core 2.
  • another excitable actuator such as a piezo stack, can also be used in a comparable fuel injection valve, or the axially movable valve part can be actuated by hydraulic pressure or servo pressure.
  • the stroke of the valve needle 12 is i.a. predetermined by the valve seat surface 15.
  • An end position of the valve needle 12 is when the solenoid 1 is not energized by the contact of the valve closing section 16 on the
  • Valve seat surface 15 fixed, while the other end position of the valve needle 12 results when the magnet coil 1 is excited by the contact of the armature 11 on the downstream end face of the core 2.
  • the surfaces of the components in the latter stop area are chromed, for example.
  • the receiving element 18 delimits the downstream end of the injection valve in the form of a cap, so that the valve seat area is well protected. In addition, the receiving element 18 takes over the function of receiving the swirl disk 30, which is pressed by the receiving element 18 against the lower end face 32 of the valve seat body 9.
  • the receiving element 18 is, for example, a sheet metal body with a circumferential circumferential jacket section 33 and a bottom section 34 forming the actual valve end.
  • the jacket section 33 is, for example, firmly connected to the valve seat body 9 by means of a circumferential weld seam 35 generated by a laser.
  • the swirl disk 30 lies on the inner boundary side of the base section 34.
  • a central outlet opening 36 is formed in the base section 34 and is introduced, for example, by means of punching and - 9 -
  • FIG. 2 shows a section along the line II-II in FIG. 1 through an uppermost layer 60 of the swirl disk 30.
  • a swirl disk 30 is a one-piece component, since the individual layers are directly galvanically deposited on one another and are not subsequently joined . The subsequent layer is firmly bonded to the layer below due to galvanic adhesion.
  • the swirl disk 30 is formed here from three galvanically deposited planes, layers or layers, which thus follow one another directly in the flow direction in the installed state.
  • the three layers of the swirl disk 30 are referred to below according to their function with the spacer layer 60, inflow layer 61 and swirl generation layer 62.
  • the spacer layer 60 consists of a plurality of material areas 60 ', which are designed, for example, like a segment of a circle and spaced apart from one another.
  • the material areas 60 ' serve to adjust the distance between the actually essential atomizing layers of the swirl disk 30 and the end face 32 of the valve seat body 9.
  • the material areas 60' are to a certain extent "spacer knobs" a plurality of trenches 66 which result from the spacing of the material regions 60 'from one another, thus ensuring that the fuel in the spacing layer 60 can flow outwards. - 10 -
  • the middle inflow layer 61 has, for example, a slightly larger outer diameter than the upper layer 60, the inflow layer 61 being able to be so large in diameter that it can be fitted in the jacket section 33 with dimensional accuracy and that the swirl disk 30 cannot slip.
  • the fuel enters outer flow openings 67 (FIG. 1) of the otherwise completely metallic and opening-free inflow layer 61.
  • the fuel passes unhindered into outer inlet areas 68 of the swirl generation layer 62, which are followed by a plurality of swirl channels, not shown, which in turn open tangentially into a central swirl chamber 69 covered by the inflow layer 61 upwards.
  • a plurality of swirl channels not shown, which in turn open tangentially into a central swirl chamber 69 covered by the inflow layer 61 upwards.
  • Swirl generation layer 62 is provided with a complex opening contour that extends over the entire axial thickness of this layer 62. Due to the tangential confluence of the swirl channels in the swirl chamber 69, the fuel receives an angular momentum, which also occurs in the
  • the contours of the swirl chamber 69 and the swirl channels are specified by correspondingly separated material areas 62 ′ of the swirl generation layer 62.
  • the material areas 62 ' can e.g. web-like, spiral-shaped, paddle-wheel-shaped or in a similar manner.
  • the swirl disk 30 is built up in several metallic layers by galvanic deposition (multilayer electroplating). Due to the deep lithographic, galvanotechnical production there are special features in - 11 -
  • Perforated disc already described in DE-OS 196 07 288 A characteristic of the process of successive application of photolithographic steps (UV deep lithography) and subsequent micro-electroplating is that it ensures high precision of the structures even on a large scale, so that it can be used ideally for mass production with very large quantities (high batch capacity) .
  • a multiplicity of swirl disks 30 can be produced simultaneously on a panel or wafer.
  • the starting point for the process is a flat and stable carrier plate, which, for. B. made of metal (titanium, steel), silicon, - 12 -
  • At least one auxiliary layer is optionally first applied to the carrier plate.
  • This is, for example, an electroplating start layer (e.g. TiCuTi, CrCuCr, Ni), which is required for electrical conduction for the later micro-electroplating.
  • the application of the auxiliary layer happens z. B. by sputtering or by electroless metal deposition.
  • a photoresist photoresist
  • the thickness of the photoresist should correspond to the thickness of the metal layer that is to be realized in the subsequent electroplating process, that is to say the thickness of the lower swirl generation layer 62 of the swirl disk 30.
  • the resist layer can be made from one or more layers of a photostructurable film or a liquid resist (polyimide, Photoresist). If an optional sacrificial layer is to be galvanized into the lacquer structures created later, the thickness of the photoresist must be increased by the thickness of the sacrificial layer.
  • the metal structure to be realized is to be transferred inversely in the photoresist using a photolithographic mask. One possibility is to expose the photoresist directly over the mask by means of UV exposure (circuit board exposer or semiconductor exposer) (UV depth lithography) and then to develop it.
  • the negative structure ultimately created in the photoresist to the later layer 62 of the swirl disk 30 is galvanically filled with metal (eg Ni, NiCo, NiFe, NiW, Cu) - 13 -
  • the remaining photoresist is removed from the metal structures by wet-chemical stripping.
  • the swirl disks 30 can be detached from the substrate and separated.
  • the sacrificial layer is selectively etched away from the substrate and swirl disc 30, as a result of which the swirl discs 30 can be lifted off the carrier plate and separated.
  • FIGS. 3 to 8 show further exemplary embodiments of the valve ends configured according to the invention with swirl disks 30, which correspond fundamentally to the downstream valve end in FIG. 1.
  • the parts that remain the same or have the same effect as the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are identified by the same reference numerals and are no longer specified - 14 -
  • the swirl disk 30 is at least partially inserted in a centering ring 75.
  • the centering ring 75 also bears against the lower end face 32 of the vencil seat body 9.
  • An inner circular opening 76 is provided in the centering ring 75, into which the swirl disk 30 with its middle layer 61 is fitted with exact dimensions.
  • the layer 61 is formed with the same outer diameter as the inner diameter of the opening 76 and in this case represents a continuous metal layer without opening areas. Instead, a plurality of bulges 78 are formed in the centering ring 75 starting from the opening 76, which provide an inflow of the fuel guarantee towards the swirl generation layer 62.
  • the section in FIG. 3 is selected so that the swirl channels 70 of the swirl generation layer 62 can be seen.
  • the section shown in Figure 4 along the line IV-IV in Figure 3 is intended to illustrate a further embodiment of the valve needle 12.
  • a second lower guide is provided on the valve needle 12 in the form of a guide section 80.
  • the guide section 80 is designed, for example, in the form of a triangle, the three edge regions having a certain areal extent and thus representing three slightly curved guide surfaces 81 for guiding the valve needle 12. - 15 -
  • injection valves are advantageous which spray a spray which is inclined to the longitudinal axis 8 of the valve.
  • a swirled, possibly rotationally symmetrical hollow cone spray with a uniform distribution over the hollow cone circumference is generated.
  • Receiving element 18 is introduced an outlet opening 36 extending obliquely to the valve longitudinal axis 8.
  • the outlet opening 36 begins e.g. on the inner boundary side and contact surface of the swirl disk 30 in the center and ends on the lower end of the
  • Receiving element off-center wherein the inclination of the outlet opening 36 determines the jet angle of the overall spray to the valve longitudinal axis 8.
  • the jet alignment is indicated by an arrow and ⁇ , where ⁇ indicates the angle of the spray to the valve longitudinal axis 8.
  • a slight depression 83 is provided on the inner boundary side of the bottom portion 34, which e.g. can be produced by embossing.
  • the recess 83 is designed with a diameter such that the swirl disk 30 with its lower swirl generation layer 62 and especially the material areas 62 'can be used with exact dimensions.
  • the recess 83 guarantees a centering of the swirl disk 30, so that on centering rings ( Figure 3) or a centering
  • Inflow layer 61 with flow openings 67 can be dispensed with. - 16 -
  • Indentation 84 is formed on the lower end face 32 of the valve seat body 9, namely with such a depth toward the valve seat surface 15 that the swirl disk 30 completely disappears in it in the installed state, so that the depth of the indentation 84 is at least the axial height or thickness corresponds to the swirl disk 30.
  • the bottom section 34 of the receiving element 18 nestles, for example, directly against the end face 32.
  • the swirl disk 30 is e.g. ultimately both on the bottom section 34 and on a depression base 85 of the depression 84.
  • the swirl disk 30 is integrated directly in the receiving element 18.
  • the swirl disk 30 is again made of three layers, but now without an upper spacer layer with an upper cover layer 61a, with a middle swirl generation layer 62 and with a lower bottom layer 63.
  • the bottom layer 63 is embedded in the bottom section 34 of the receiving element 18 and is fastened to this, for example, with an annular circumferential weld seam 88.
  • the weld seam 88 is not exposed to high loads, since the swirl disk 30 changes when the
  • Valve pressure is supported on the inner boundary side of the bottom portion 34 due to their larger upper layers 61a and 62.
  • the outlet opening 36 of the valve is formed directly by the outlet opening of the bottom layer 63 of the swirl disk 30.
  • swirl disks 30 there are also other types of atomizer disks, such as one
  • Multilayer electroplated disks can be used.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une soupape d'injection de carburant caractérisée en ce qu'elle présente un disque de turbulence (30) en aval d'un siège de soupape (15). Ce disque de turbulence est constitué d'au moins un matériau métallique et présente au moins deux canaux de turbulence (70) débouchant dans une chambre de turbulence (69). Toutes les couches (60, 61, 62) de ce disque sont directement superposées de manière adhésive au moyen d'une métallisation galvanique (métallisation multicouche). Ce disque de turbulence (30) présente une couche supérieure (60) comprenant plusieurs zones de matériau (60') séparées par des structures d'ouverture (65, 66). Le disque de turbulence (30) prend appui avec ces zones de matériau (60') sur un élément à siège de soupape (9) présentant ledit siège de soupape (15). Cette soupape s'utilise notamment pour l'injection directe de carburant dans une chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne, à allumage commandé et à compression du mélange.
EP99906047A 1998-04-08 1999-01-14 Soupape d'injection de carburant Expired - Lifetime EP1012471B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19815781 1998-04-08
DE19815781A DE19815781A1 (de) 1998-04-08 1998-04-08 Brennstoffeinspritzventil
PCT/DE1999/000049 WO1999053192A1 (fr) 1998-04-08 1999-01-14 Soupape d'injection de carburant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1012471A1 true EP1012471A1 (fr) 2000-06-28
EP1012471B1 EP1012471B1 (fr) 2003-10-08

Family

ID=7864017

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99906047A Expired - Lifetime EP1012471B1 (fr) 1998-04-08 1999-01-14 Soupape d'injection de carburant

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6170764B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1012471B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002503310A (fr)
DE (2) DE19815781A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999053192A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1175560B8 (fr) * 1999-04-27 2005-12-28 Siemens VDO Automotive Corporation Revetement de siege d'injecteur de carburant
DE19947780A1 (de) * 1999-10-02 2001-04-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum Einstellen der Strömungsmenge an einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil
US6533954B2 (en) * 2000-02-28 2003-03-18 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Integrated fluid injection air mixing system
US6523758B1 (en) * 2000-03-02 2003-02-25 Siemens Automotive Corporation Fuel injector needle lower guide disk
US6742727B1 (en) * 2000-05-10 2004-06-01 Siemens Automotive Corporation Injection valve with single disc turbulence generation
DE10041440A1 (de) * 2000-08-23 2002-03-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert Drallscheibe und Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit Drallscheibe
DE10059009A1 (de) * 2000-11-28 2002-05-29 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzanlage
JP4296519B2 (ja) * 2006-12-19 2009-07-15 株式会社日立製作所 燃料噴射弁
WO2015068516A1 (fr) * 2013-11-11 2015-05-14 株式会社エンプラス Structure de fixation de plaque de buses pour dispositif d'injection de carburant
DE102018203065A1 (de) * 2018-03-01 2019-09-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Injektors

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US4040396A (en) * 1974-03-28 1977-08-09 Diesel Kiki Co., Ltd. Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engine
DE3943005A1 (de) 1988-12-28 1990-07-05 Hitachi Ltd Elektromagnetische einspritzventilvorrichtung
US5484108A (en) * 1994-03-31 1996-01-16 Siemens Automotive L.P. Fuel injector having novel multiple orifice disk members
US5570841A (en) 1994-10-07 1996-11-05 Siemens Automotive Corporation Multiple disk swirl atomizer for fuel injector
US5685491A (en) * 1995-01-11 1997-11-11 Amtx, Inc. Electroformed multilayer spray director and a process for the preparation thereof
JPH10502130A (ja) * 1995-03-29 1998-02-24 ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング 特に噴射弁に用いられる孔付板
DE19607277A1 (de) 1995-03-29 1996-10-02 Bosch Gmbh Robert Lochscheibe, insbesondere für Einspritzventile
US5766441A (en) * 1995-03-29 1998-06-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for manfacturing an orifice plate
US5924634A (en) * 1995-03-29 1999-07-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Orifice plate, in particular for injection valves, and method for manufacturing an orifice plate
DE19527846A1 (de) * 1995-07-29 1997-01-30 Bosch Gmbh Robert Ventil, insbesondere Brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE19639506A1 (de) * 1996-09-26 1998-04-02 Bosch Gmbh Robert Lochscheibe und Ventil mit einer Lochscheibe

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1999053192A1 (fr) 1999-10-21
JP2002503310A (ja) 2002-01-29
DE19815781A1 (de) 1999-10-14
EP1012471B1 (fr) 2003-10-08
US6170764B1 (en) 2001-01-09
DE59907278D1 (de) 2003-11-13

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