EP0939858B1 - Disque perfore ou disque de pulverisation et soupape injectrice dotee d'un tel disque perfore ou disque de pulverisation - Google Patents

Disque perfore ou disque de pulverisation et soupape injectrice dotee d'un tel disque perfore ou disque de pulverisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0939858B1
EP0939858B1 EP98952556A EP98952556A EP0939858B1 EP 0939858 B1 EP0939858 B1 EP 0939858B1 EP 98952556 A EP98952556 A EP 98952556A EP 98952556 A EP98952556 A EP 98952556A EP 0939858 B1 EP0939858 B1 EP 0939858B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
perforated
perforated disc
valve seat
disc
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98952556A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0939858A1 (fr
Inventor
Stefan Arndt
Martin Maier
Jörg HEYSE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19831845A external-priority patent/DE19831845A1/de
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0939858A1 publication Critical patent/EP0939858A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0939858B1 publication Critical patent/EP0939858B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/184—Discharge orifices having non circular sections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
    • B05B7/0815—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with at least one gas jet intersecting a jet constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid for controlling the shape of the latter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
    • B05B7/0853—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with one single gas jet and several jets constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0892—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point the outlet orifices for jets constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid being disposed on a circle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/08—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle specially for low-pressure fuel-injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1853—Orifice plates
    • F02M61/186—Multi-layered orifice plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F02M69/047—Injectors peculiar thereto injectors with air chambers, e.g. communicating with atmosphere for aerating the nozzles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a perforated disk or atomizer disk according to the preamble of claim 1 or an injection valve with a perforated disk or atomizer disk according to the preamble of claim 14.
  • etching on silicon wafers which have a multiplicity of perforated disk structures, produces the inlet and outlet openings.
  • the frustoconical Contours for the openings in the perforated disc are logically derived from the anisotropic etching technique.
  • a fuel injector is already known from US Pat. No. 4,907,748, which has a nozzle consisting of two silicon wafers at its downstream end. Similar to the perforated disks described above, the inlet and outlet openings in the two silicon wafers are offset from one another, so that an "S-blow" occurs in the flow of a fluid flowing through, here fuel.
  • perforated disks which consist of two or three interconnected silicon wafers. An upper inlet opening in the upper plate is followed by several outlet openings in the lower plate with a clear overlap.
  • the perforated disks are provided with gas inflow channels, from which a gas strikes the fuel to be sprayed largely vertically.
  • All of the above-mentioned perforated disks made of silicon have the disadvantage of possibly not having sufficient breaking strength which results from the brittleness of silicon. Especially with permanent loads. B. on an injection valve (engine vibrations) there is a risk that the silicon wafers break.
  • the assembly of the silicon wafers on metallic components, such as on injection valves, is complex because special stress-free clamping solutions have to be found and the sealing on the valve is problematic. Welding the silicon perforated disks to the injection valve is e.g. B. not possible.
  • a spray orifice disk with a plurality of spray orifices on a fuel injector and, on the other hand, an atomizer disk further downstream.
  • the spray holes are made in a central conical recess of the spray plate.
  • this spray orifice disk is followed by the atomizer disk, which comprises a plurality of layers or platelets and into which air flows from the outside via a special opening geometry.
  • the sheet metal plates of the atomizer disc which are made of stainless steel, have an inner central passage opening, in which the air strikes the fuel coming from the spray holes of the spray orifice plate largely vertically.
  • the perforated disk or atomizer disk according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 and the injection valve according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 14 have the advantage that a particularly uniform fine atomization of a fluid is achieved with the help of a gas, with a particularly high atomization quality and beam shaping adapted to the respective requirements is achieved.
  • a perforated disk or atomizer disk on an injection valve of an internal combustion engine among other things, the exhaust gas emission of the internal combustion engine can be reduced and a reduction in fuel consumption can also be achieved.
  • perforated disks or atomizer disks By means of galvanic metal deposition, perforated disks or atomizer disks can be produced in a reproducible manner in an extremely precise and cost-effective manner in very large quantities at the same time. In addition, this method of production allows extremely great freedom of design, since the contours of the openings in the perforated disc can be freely selected.
  • Metallic deposition has the advantage of a very large variety of materials, especially when compared to the production of silicon wafers. A wide variety of metals with their different magnetic properties and hardness can be used in the manufacture of the perforated disk or atomizer disk according to the invention.
  • undercuts can be achieved in a particularly advantageous manner at low cost and with extremely high precision.
  • means for gas supply can be formed very easily without additional cost in such a perforated disk or atomizer disk produced by means of galvanic metal deposition.
  • a gas flow in takes place via these means for gas supply Direction to the fuel to be sprayed, through which the fuel is atomized particularly finely.
  • the gas inflow pulse also influences the jet direction of the fuel in the outlet. With a high pulse, for example, the enveloping angle of a conical fuel jet decreases. This effect can be used for load-dependent control of the beam shape. At low engine load, in which a negative pressure is generated in the intake manifold due to the throttle valve position, the driving pressure drop for the gas enclosure is high, so that the jet volume is restricted.
  • perforated disks it is particularly advantageous to design the perforated disks according to the invention in the form of so-called S-type disks in order to be able to produce exotic, unusual jet shapes.
  • These perforated disks allow jet cross-sections in countless variations for one, two and multi-jet sprays, e.g. B. rectangles, triangles, crosses, ellipses.
  • Such unusual jet shapes allow an exact optimal adaptation to given geometries, e.g. B. to various intake manifold cross-sections of internal combustion engines. This results in the advantages of a shape-adapted utilization of the available cross-section for the homogeneously distributed, exhaust-reducing mixture introduction and the avoidance of exhaust-harmful wall film deposits on the intake manifold wall.
  • Beam pattern variations are possible in a simple manner. It is particularly easy to generate flat, conical, asymmetrical (unidirectional) beam patterns that comprise several individual beams.
  • the fuel jet can be deflected very well on one side. This can be advantageous if fuel is always to be injected onto an intake valve at a certain angle under any operating load.
  • the atomizer disks according to the invention are swirl disks in order to achieve particularly good atomization of the fluid to be sprayed off.
  • An additional swirl can also be generated in the gas by the fact that the gas supply openings, as a means for supplying gas, do not run radially but tangentially into the outlet opening. This swirl can be in the same direction or counter to the swirl of the fuel. When the swirl is in opposite directions, the relative speeds between the rotating gas flow and the rotating jet surface are greatest. The disintegration of the fuel jet into small droplets is particularly encouraged.
  • the means for gas supply are designed as gas supply openings, which depend on the circumference of the
  • the inner end facing away from the perforated disk also forms the outlet openings for the fuel, the sizes of the outlet openings being predetermined by the material of the functional level which is galvanically constructed above. So there is in no way an additional effort compared to the production of perforated disks, which only have outlet openings without gas supply means in their lower level.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first example of a partially illustrated injection valve with a perforated disk according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows the perforated disk according to FIG. 1 in a top view
  • FIG. 3 shows a perforated disk in section along the line III-III in FIG. 2
  • FIG. 4 shows a second example of a partially 5 with the perforated disk according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 the perforated disk according to FIG. 4 in a bottom view
  • FIG. 6 a perforated disk in section along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 1 an injection valve for fuel injection systems of mixed-compression spark-ignition internal combustion engines is partially shown as an exemplary embodiment.
  • the injection valve has a tubular valve seat support 1, in which a longitudinal opening 3 is formed concentrically with a valve longitudinal axis 2.
  • a longitudinal opening 3 is formed concentrically with a valve longitudinal axis 2.
  • a longitudinal opening 3 is formed concentrically with a valve longitudinal axis 2.
  • tubular valve needle 5 arranged at its downstream end 6 with a z.
  • B. spherical valve closing body 7 the circumference of which, for example, five flats 8 are provided for the fuel to flow past, is firmly connected.
  • the injection valve is actuated in a known manner, for example electromagnetically.
  • a schematically indicated electromagnetic circuit with a magnet coil 10, an armature 11 and a core 12 is used for the axial movement of the valve needle 5 and thus for opening against the spring force of a return spring (not shown) or closing the injection valve.
  • the armature 11 is connected to the valve closing body 7 opposite end of the valve needle 5 by z.
  • a guide opening 15 of a valve seat body 16 is used, which is tightly mounted in the downstream end of the valve seat carrier 1 facing away from the core 12 in the longitudinal opening 3, which runs concentrically to the longitudinal axis 2 of the valve, for example by welding.
  • a z. B. pot-shaped perforated disc holder 21 is arranged.
  • the perforated disk holder 21 has a shape similar to that of cup-shaped spray perforated disks which are already known, a central region of the perforated disk holder 21 being provided with a through opening 20 without a metering function.
  • a perforated disk 23 designed according to the invention is upstream of the through opening 20 at the lower one End face 17 arranged such that it completely covers the through opening 20.
  • the perforated disk 23 represents an insert that can be inserted between the valve seat body 16 and the perforated disk holder 21.
  • the perforated disc holder 21 is designed with a bottom part 24 and a holding edge 26.
  • the holding edge 26 extends in the axial direction facing away from the valve seat body 16 and is conically bent outwards up to its end.
  • the perforated disc holder 21 is connected in the region of the holding edge 26 to the wall of the longitudinal opening 3 in the valve seat support 1, for example by a circumferential and tight weld 30.
  • the perforated disk 23, which can be clamped in the area of the through opening 20 between the perforated disk holder 21 and the valve seat body 16, is designed, for example, in steps.
  • An upper perforated disk area 33 which has a smaller diameter than a base area 32, protrudes into a dimensionally precise outlet opening 31 of the valve seat body 16 following a valve seat surface 29.
  • the outlet opening 31 can also be simply cylindrical without any gradations.
  • a press fit can also be provided for this area of the perforated disk area 33 / outlet opening 31.
  • the perforated disc area 33 z. B. two functional levels, namely a middle and an upper functional level, the perforated disc 23, forms a lower functional level Basic area 32 alone.
  • a functional level is to be understood to mean an area of the perforated disk 23 in the axial extent, over the axial extent of which there is a largely constant opening contour.
  • the insertion depth of the valve seat body 16 or the cup-shaped perforated disk holder 21 into the longitudinal opening 3 determines the size of the stroke of the valve needle 5, since the one end position of the valve needle 5 with the solenoid 10 not energized is determined by the valve closing body 7 resting on the valve seat surface 29 of the valve seat body 16 is.
  • the other end position of the valve needle 5 is determined when the solenoid 10 is excited, for example by the armature 11 resting on the core 12.
  • the path between these two end positions of the valve needle 5 thus represents the stroke.
  • the spherical valve closing body 7 interacts with the valve seat surface 29 of the valve seat body 16 tapering in the direction of the cone, which in the axial direction between the guide opening 15 and the lower outlet opening 31 of the valve seat body 16 is trained.
  • the valve seat support 1, the valve seat body 16 and the perforated disk 23 are designed such that a gas, in particular air, can be supplied to the fluid to be sprayed off via the perforated disk 23.
  • a gas in particular air
  • gas for example, the suction air branched off by a bypass in front of a throttle valve in the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine, air conveyed by an additional fan, air enriched with fuel vapor from a tank ventilation system, but also recirculated exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine or a mixture of air and exhaust gas.
  • several radially extending inflow openings 35 are provided, for example, in the valve seat support 1.
  • the valve seat body 16 has at least one, usually at least two axially extending, groove-like depressions 36 on its circumference, which are delimited from the outside by the wall of the longitudinal opening 3 of the valve seat carrier 1 and thus form flow channels 37 for the gas.
  • the depressions 36 begin at the level of the inflow openings 35 and end on the lower end face 17 of the valve seat body 16 in an area in which a chamfer 38 is formed to facilitate the inflow of gas into the perforated disk 23.
  • the depressions 36 can also be designed as flat cuts on the circumference of the valve seat body 16.
  • the gas flow Downstream of the lower end face 17 with the chamfer 38, the gas flow enters an annular space 39 which is delimited by the inner wall of the valve seat support 1, by the perforated disk holder 21 and the valve seat body 16. In this annular space 39, the gas flow is distributed largely uniformly over the circumference.
  • the perforated disk 23 is designed in its lower base region 32 with means 43 (FIGS. 2 and 3) for supplying gas in the direction of its spray geometry, into which the gas enters from the flow channels 37 and the annular space 39 and flows largely perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 2 of the valve.
  • the flow paths of the gas are shown in FIG. 1 with dashed lines, while the basic flow path of the fluid or ultimately the sprayed-off fluid-gas mixture is indicated by continuous arrow lines.
  • the perforated disk 23, which is partially arranged in the stepped outlet opening 31 of the valve seat body 16 and is held by the perforated disk holder 21 directly on the end face 17 of the valve seat body 16, is only shown in simplified form and by way of example in FIG. 1 and is described in more detail with reference to the following figures.
  • the insertion of the perforated disk 23 with a perforated disk holder 21 and clamping as a fastening is only one possible variant of attaching the perforated disk 23 downstream of the valve seat surface 29.
  • Such a clamping as an indirect fastening of the perforated disk 23 on the valve seat body 16 has the advantage that temperature-related deformations are avoided that could possibly occur in processes such as welding or soldering with a direct attachment of the perforated disk 23.
  • the perforated disk holder 21 is in no way an exclusive condition for fastening the perforated disk 23. Since the fastening options are not essential to the invention, only the reference to customary known joining methods, such as welding, soldering or gluing, should be given here.
  • a functional level of the perforated disk 23 represents a position, over the axial extent of which the contour, including the arrangement of all openings to one another and the geometry of each individual opening, remains largely constant.
  • a layer is to be understood as meaning the position of the perforated disk 23 built up in an electroplating step.
  • a layer can have several functional levels, e.g. B. can be produced with the so-called lateral overgrowth.
  • several functional levels for example, in the case of a perforated disk 23 comprising three functional levels, the middle and the upper functional level) are formed, which represent a coherent layer.
  • the respective functional levels have different opening contours (inlet, outlet openings, channels) to the immediately following functional level.
  • the individual layers of the perforated disc 23 are successively electrodeposited, so that the subsequent layer is firmly attached to the due to galvanic adhesion underlying layer connects and all layers together then form a one-piece perforated disc 23.
  • the individual functional levels or layers of the perforated disk 23 are therefore not comparable with individually produced nozzle plates made of metal or silicon in known perforated disks of the prior art.
  • a characteristic of the process of successive application of photolithographic steps (UV deep lithography) and subsequent micro-electroplating is that it ensures high precision of the structures even on a large scale, so that it can be used ideally for mass production with very large quantities.
  • a large number of perforated disks 23 can be produced on a wafer at the same time.
  • the starting point for the process is a flat and stable carrier plate, which, for. B. made of metal (titanium, copper), Silicon, glass or ceramic can exist.
  • At least one auxiliary layer is optionally first electroplated onto the carrier plate.
  • This is, for example, an electroplating start layer (e.g. Cu), which is required for electrical conduction for later micro-electroplating.
  • the electroplating start layer can also serve as a sacrificial layer in order to enable the perforated disk structures to be easily separated later by etching.
  • the auxiliary layer typically CrCu or CrCuCr
  • a photoresist photoresist
  • the thickness of the photoresist should correspond to the thickness of the metal layer which is to be realized in the subsequent electroplating process, that is to say the thickness of the lower layer or functional plane of the perforated disk 23.
  • the metal structure to be realized is to be transferred inversely in the photoresist with the aid of a photolithographic mask become.
  • One possibility is to expose the photoresist directly via the mask using UV exposure (UV depth lithography).
  • the negative structure ultimately created in the photoresist for the later functional level of the perforated disk 23 is galvanically filled with metal (for example Ni, NiCo) (metal deposition). Due to the electroplating, the metal fits closely to the contour of the negative structure, so that the specified contours are reproduced in it in a true-to-form manner.
  • the steps have to start from the optional application of the auxiliary layer are repeated according to the number of layers desired, z. B.
  • two functional levels are generated in one electroplating step (lateral overgrowth). Different metals can also be used for the layers of a perforated disk 23, but these can only be used in a respective new electroplating step.
  • the perforated disks 23 are separated. For this purpose, the sacrificial layer is etched away, as a result of which the perforated disks 23 lift off from the carrier plate.
  • the electroplating starting layers are then removed by etching and the remaining photoresist is removed from the metal structures.
  • FIG. 2 shows a preferred exemplary embodiment of a perforated disk 23 in a top view.
  • the perforated disk 23 is designed as a flat, circular component which has several, for example three, axially successive functional levels.
  • FIG. 3 which is a sectional view along a line III-III in FIG. 2, illustrates the structure of the perforated disk 23 with its three functional levels, the lower functional level 45, which was built up first, that of the first deposited layer or the base region 32
  • Perforated disk 23 corresponds to has a larger outer diameter than the two subsequently constructed functional levels 46 and 47, which together form the perforated disk region 33 and z. B. are produced in an electroplating step.
  • the upper functional level 47 has an inlet opening 40 with a rectangular cross section. With z. B. the same distance to the valve longitudinal axis 2 and thus to the central axis of the perforated disk 23 and around this, for example Also arranged symmetrically in the lower functional level 45 are four, for example, square outlet openings 42, into each of which a slot-shaped gas supply opening 43 opens.
  • the outlet openings 42 are formed along the two long sides of the rectangular inlet opening 40, wherein the outlet openings 42 are of course introduced in another functional level 45.
  • the four gas supply openings 43 with rectangular cross sections run parallel or in alignment with one another into the interior of the perforated disk 23 up to end regions which are the outlet openings 42.
  • the outlet openings 42 thus represent the end of a gas supply opening 43 that is distant from the outer circumference of the perforated disc 23.
  • the gas supply openings 43 are largely covered by the valve seat body 16 and the perforated disc holder 21, so that gas supply channels are present ,
  • the square outlet openings 42 are in a projection of all functional levels 45, 46, 47 in one plane ( Figure 2) with an offset to the inlet opening 40, i. H. in the projection, the inlet opening 40 will not cover the outlet openings 42 at any point.
  • the offset can be different in different directions.
  • a channel 41 (cavity) is formed in the middle functional level 46, which represents a cavity.
  • the channel 41 having a contour of a non-uniform octagon is of such a size that it completely covers the inlet opening 40 in the projection.
  • the channel 41 is even so large that all outlet openings 42 are covered by it in the projection.
  • the fluid flow can largely occur at all points on the circumference of each outlet opening 42, with the channel wall standing exactly above that on the sides of the outlet openings 42 facing away from the inlet opening 40.
  • the material of the middle functional level 46 also covers part of the gas supply openings 43 behind the valve seat body 16 in the gas flow direction.
  • the subsequent sections of the gas supply openings 43 which are not covered by the channel 41 form the outlet openings 42 and thus the metering outlet cross sections for the fuel flow.
  • the ideal vertical walls of all opening areas 40, 41, 42 and 43 shown in FIG. 3 can have deviations of at most approx. 3 ° to 4 ° for manufacturing reasons, so that all opening areas 40, 41, 42 and 43 are possibly minimal in the flow direction taper the angular ranges specified above from the vertical.
  • the perforated disk 23 has z. B. a thickness of 0.3 mm, wherein all functional levels 45, 46 and 47 are each 0.1 mm thick, for example.
  • the middle functional levels 46 with their channels 41 designed as cavities are most likely to be designed variably with regard to the thickness of the functional level 46 in various embodiments, so that the flow can be influenced very simply via the ratio of the offset from inlet to outlet openings 40 and 42 to the height of the cavity 41.
  • This size information on the dimensions of the perforated disk 23 is only for better understanding and in no way limit the invention.
  • the relative dimensions of the individual structures of the perforated disk 23 in all the figures are not necessarily to scale, since layer thicknesses in the above-mentioned orders of magnitude have to be shown relatively enlarged in comparison to other components.
  • the flow becomes due to the so-called S-stroke within the perforated disk 23 with several strong flow deflections a strong, atomizing turbulence.
  • the speed gradient across the flow is therefore particularly pronounced. It is an expression of the change in speed across the flow, with the speed in the middle of the flow being significantly greater than near the walls.
  • the increased shear stresses in the fluid resulting from the speed differences favor the disintegration into fine droplets near the outlet openings 42. Since the flow in the outlet is partially detached, it is not calmed down due to the lack of contour guidance.
  • the fluid has a particularly high speed on the detached side, while the speed of the fluid drops to the side of the outlet opening 42 with the flow present.
  • the atomizing turbulence and shear stresses are not destroyed in the outlet.
  • the perforated disk 23 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 represents only one exemplary embodiment for the formation of opening geometries in multilayer electroplated perforated disks. It should be expressly pointed out that countless other opening contours can also be produced, such as triangular, square, rectangular, polygonal, round, semicircular, elliptical, rounded, crescent-shaped, Cross-shaped, tunnel-portal-like, bat-shaped, meandering, gear-like, bone-shaped, T-shaped, annular section-shaped, V-shaped contours, which can also be combined in any way as inlet openings 40 and outlet openings 42 and channels 41. The arrangement and the shape of the gas supply openings 43 can also be varied as desired.
  • FIGS. 4 shows, as a second exemplary embodiment, an injection valve for fuel injection systems of mixed-compression spark-ignited internal combustion engines, such an injection valve being particularly suitable for injecting fuel directly into the combustion chamber of such an internal combustion engine.
  • the parts that remain the same or have the same effect as the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are identified by the same reference numerals. All the aspects already explained regarding the production technology also apply to the perforated disks 23 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, which are constructed as swirl atomizing disks by means of multilayer electroplating.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a further principle of installation of an atomizer disc 23 according to the invention, in which an additional receiving element 50 is used at the valve end, which protrudes into the stepped longitudinal opening 3 of the valve seat carrier 1.
  • the valve seat body 16 is inserted in an inner opening 51 in a sealing manner in the receiving element 50 by means of a sealing ring 52 and for example by means of laser welding, pressing, shrinking, Brazed, diffusion soldering or magnetic forming attached, with its lower end 54 is supported on a step 55 in the receiving element 50.
  • the opening 51 Seen in the downstream direction, the opening 51 extends up to the step 55 in a cylindrical and rotationally symmetrical manner with respect to the longitudinal valve axis 2 with a larger diameter than downstream of the step 55.
  • a lower section 56 of the opening 51 serves to receive the atomizing disk 23, which is designed as a swirl disk.
  • the atomizer disk 23 is designed such that four electrodeposited layers or functional levels, each with a different opening contour, adhere to one another, with at least one of the two middle layers 46, 46 'specifying an outer joining diameter of the atomizer disk 23 so that it fits precisely in the opening 51 of the receiving element 50 is present.
  • the receiving element 50 and the valve seat support 1 are, for example, firmly connected to a circumferential weld seam 57. With its guide opening 15, the valve seat body 16 also takes over the function of guiding the valve needle 5.
  • a cylindrical disk-shaped support element 58 is arranged in the opening 51, on which the atomizer disk 23 rests with its lower functional level 45.
  • an annular sealing element 61 is placed on the atomizer disc 23 at the level of the upper functional level 47 and is pressed against a shoulder 63 of the opening 51 from below when the support element 58 is introduced.
  • the sealing element 61 is advantageously made of a soft metal such as aluminum or copper.
  • the support element 58 terminates flush with a lower end face 59 of the receiving element 50, the fastening being carried out with a weld seam 60 in the region of the end face 59.
  • a central outlet opening 62 in the support element 58 is, for example, designed to widen conically in the downstream direction in order not to disrupt the propagation of the beam.
  • the atomizer disk 23 can be installed in the receiving element 50 from below in a very simple manner.
  • At least one flow channel 37 for a gas is provided in the receiving element 50 and extends, for example, from the outer periphery of the receiving element 50 to the opening 51. Behind the flow channel 37, the gas flow enters an annular space 39 formed in the opening 51, which is delimited by the atomizing disc 23, the support element 58 and the inner wall of the receiving element 50. In this annular space 39, the gas flow is distributed largely uniformly over the circumference.
  • the atomizer disk 23 is designed in its lower layer or functional level 45 with means 43 for supplying gas in the direction of its spray geometry, into which the gas enters from the flow channel 37 and the annular space 39 and flows largely perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 2 of the valve.
  • FIG. 5 shows a preferred embodiment of an atomizer disc 23 with swirling of the fuel flowing through in a bottom view.
  • the atomizer disk 23 is designed as a flat, circular component that has several, for example four, axially has successive functional levels.
  • FIG. 6, which is a sectional view along a line VI-VI in FIG. 5, illustrates the structure of the atomizing disc 23 with its four functional levels, the lower functional level 45, which is built up first and corresponds to the layer deposited first, having a smaller outside diameter than the two middle functional levels 46 'and 46 constructed below.
  • the upper functional level 47 for example, again has an outer diameter which corresponds to that of the lower functional level 45.
  • the upper functional level 47 has a plurality of inlet areas 40 '.
  • the lower functional level 45 e.g. a circular outlet opening 42 is provided, into which, for example, three slot-shaped gas supply openings 43, which are offset by 120 °, open.
  • the outlet opening 42 can also be stepped between the functional levels 46 'and 45, it being advantageous to choose the diameter of the outlet opening 42 in the lower functional level 45 larger than the diameter of the central functional level 46'.
  • an annular cavity is formed between the fuel jet and the wall of the outlet opening 42 in the functional plane 45 for uniform distribution of the gas flow over the jet circumference.
  • the gas cross section of the fuel to be sprayed off can be deformed in a targeted manner.
  • a hollow cone jet can be converted into a jet with a triangular cross section by the gas supply be deformed.
  • the number of gas supply openings 43 and the distribution of gas supply openings 43 over the disk circumference must be varied accordingly.
  • the gas supply openings 43 are covered by the support element 58 from below, so that gas supply channels are present.
  • a plurality of swirl channels 64 are formed in the upstream middle functional level 46, which e.g. open tangentially into a central swirl chamber 65 above the outlet opening 42. Since the gas supply openings 43 do not run radially, but rather tangentially into the outlet opening 42, an additional swirl can also be generated in the gas. This swirl can be in the same direction or counter to the swirl of the fuel. When the swirl is in opposite directions, the relative speeds between the rotating gas flow and the rotating jet surface are greatest. The disintegration of the fuel jet into small droplets is particularly encouraged.
  • the gas supply openings 43 or the gas supply channels which result in the installed state of the perforated disk or atomizer disk 23 have narrow cross sections which serve for metering the gas.
  • the narrow cross-section leads to an acceleration of the gas, so that the gas hits the fuel to be sprayed off in the region of the outlet openings 42 at high speed and surrounds and atomizes it with formation of very fine droplets.
  • the impact impulse and the mixing of the gas with the fuel lead to very good atomization of the fuel. This will achieved the formation of a largely homogeneous fuel-gas mixture.
  • the perforated disks or atomizer disks 23 described are not intended exclusively for use on injection valves; you can also z. B. in painting nozzles, inhalers, in inkjet printers or in freeze-drying processes, for spraying or injecting liquids, such as. B. beverages, used to atomize medication.
  • the perforated disks 23 produced by multilayer electroplating and designed as S-type disks or as swirl atomizing disks with gas supply are generally suitable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (22)

  1. Disque perforé, en particulier pour injecteurs, comportant un passage complet (40, 41, 42) pour un fluide, comportant au moins un orifice d'admission (40) et au moins un orifice de décharge (42), chaque orifice d'admission (40) étant situé dans un étage de fonctionnement supérieur (47) du disque perforé (23) et chaque orifice de décharge (42) étant situé dans un étage de fonctionnement inférieur (45) du disque perforé (23), et comportant des moyens d'alimentation de gaz (43),
    caractérisé en ce que
    le disque perforé (23) se compose d'au moins un matériau métallique et les étages de fonctionnement (45, 46, 47) du disque perforé (23) sont formés les uns sur les autres par électrodéposition (galvanisation) et les moyens d'alimentation de gaz (43) sont configurés dans l'étage de fonctionnement inférieur (45).
  2. Disque perforé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les moyens d'alimentation de gaz sont configurés sous la forme d'orifices d'alimentation de gaz (43), qui s'étendent sous forme de fentes à partir du périmètre extérieur du disque perforé (23) vers l'intérieur du disque perforé (23).
  3. Disque perforé selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les orifices de décharge (42) font partie des orifices d'alimentation de du gaz (43), vu à partir du périmètre extérieur du disque perforé (23).
  4. Disque perforé selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le nombre d'orifices de décharge (42) correspond exactement au nombre d'orifices d'alimentation de gaz (43).
  5. Disque perforé selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les orifices d'alimentation de gaz (43) s'étendent radialement par rapport à un orifice de décharge (42) disposé de façon centrale.
  6. Disque perforé selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les orifices d'alimentation de gaz (43) débouchent de façon tangentielle dans un orifice de décharge (42) disposé de façon centrale.
  7. Disque perforé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    au moins trois étages de fonctionnement (45, 46, 47) sont prévus et un canal (41) prévu dans au moins un étage de fonctionnement médian (46), permet de relier au moins un orifice d'admission (40) et au moins un orifice de décharge (42).
  8. Disque perforé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    au moins trois étages de fonctionnement (45, 46, 47) sont prévus et plusieurs canaux de turbulence (64) prévus dans au moins un étage de fonctionnement médian (46), débouchent dans une chambre de turbulence (65).
  9. Disque perforé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les orifices d'admission (40, 40') et les orifices de décharge (42) sont disposés de telle sorte que dans une projection dans un plan, ils ne se recouvrent en aucun point, de telle sorte que l'on obtient un désalignement total de l'admission et de la décharge.
  10. Disque perforé selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le canal (41) possède une taille telle que dans la projection, il recouvre complètement les orifices d'admission (40) et les orifices de décharge (42).
  11. Disque perforé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'étage de fonctionnement supérieur (47) est prévu dans une zone du disque perforé (33) qui possède un diamètre extérieur inférieur à celui d'une zone de base comprenant l'étage de fonctionnement inférieur (45).
  12. Disque perforé selon la revendication 7 ou 8,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    au moins un étage de fonctionnement médian (46, 46') possède un diamètre extérieur supérieur à celui des étages de fonctionnement inférieur et supérieur (45, 47).
  13. Injecteur comportant un axe longitudinal de soupape (2), comportant un corps de fermeture de soupape (7) qui coopère avec une surface de siège de soupape (29), comportant un disque perforé ou un disque de pulvérisation (23) situé en aval de la surface de siège de soupape (29), qui présente un passage complet pour un fluide et possède au moins un orifice d'admission (40, 40') et au moins un orifice de décharge (42), chaque orifice d'admission (40, 40') étant situé dans un étage de fonctionnement supérieur (47) du disque perforé (23) et chaque orifice de décharge (42) étant situé dans un étage de fonctionnement inférieur (45) du disque perforé (23), et qui possède des moyens d'alimentation de gaz (43),
    caractérisé en ce que
    le disque perforé (23) se compose d'au moins un matériau métallique, les étages de fonctionnement (45, 46, 46', 47) du disque perforé (23) sont formés les uns sur les autres par électrodéposition (galvanisation) et les moyens d'alimentation de gaz (43) sont configurés dans l'étage de fonctionnement inférieur (45).
  14. Injecteur selon la revendication 13,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la surface de siège de soupape (29) se trouve dans un corps de siège de soupape (16) et est contiguë en aval à un orifice de sortie (31), l'étage de fonctionnement supérieur (47) est formé dans une zone du disque perforé (33) qui possède un diamètre extérieur inférieur à celui d'une zone de base (32) du disque perforé (23) comprenant l'étage de fonctionnement inférieur (45), et la zone du disque perforé (33) s'étend vers l'intérieur de l'orifice de sortie (31), tandis que la zone de base (32) se trouve au niveau d'un côté avant (17) du corps de siège de soupape (16).
  15. Injecteur selon la revendication 14,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'orifice de sortie (31) est configuré de façon étagée.
  16. Injecteur selon la revendication 14,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le disque perforé (23) peut être fixé au corps de siège de soupape (16) par serrage, à l'aide d'un support de disque perforé (21).
  17. Injecteur selon la revendication 16,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le support de disque perforé (21) est configuré en forme de pot, en ayant une partie de fond (24) pourvue d'un orifice de passage (20) et un bord de maintien (26) s'étendant pour l'essentiel perpendiculairement à la partie de fond.
  18. Injecteur selon la revendication 14,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le corps de siège de soupape (16) présente au niveau de sa périphérie extérieure au moins un renfoncement (36), qui est limité par un support de siège de soupape (1) et forme ainsi au moins un canal d'écoulement (37) pour pouvoir être traversé par un gaz.
  19. Injecteur selon la revendication 18,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le renfoncement (36) situé au niveau du corps de siège de soupape (16) est un enlèvement de matière s'étendant de façon plane.
  20. Injecteur selon la revendication 13,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la surface de siège de soupape (29) est configurée dans un corps de siège de soupape (16) et à la fois le corps de siège de soupape (16) et le disque perforé (23) sont placés dans un élément de réception (50).
  21. Injecteur selon la revendication 20,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'étage de fonctionnement inférieur (45) du disque perforé (23) repose sur un élément d'appui (58) relié de façon fixe avec l'élément de réception (50).
  22. Injecteur selon la revendication 20 ou 21,
    caractérisé en ce que
    dans l'élément de réception (50) est prévu au moins un canal d'écoulement (37) pouvant être traversé par un gaz.
EP98952556A 1997-09-16 1998-09-10 Disque perfore ou disque de pulverisation et soupape injectrice dotee d'un tel disque perfore ou disque de pulverisation Expired - Lifetime EP0939858B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19740882 1997-09-16
DE19740882 1997-09-16
DE19831845A DE19831845A1 (de) 1997-09-16 1998-07-16 Lochscheibe bzw. Zerstäuberscheibe und Einspritzventil mit einer Lochscheibe bzw. Zerstäuberscheibe
DE19831845 1998-07-16
PCT/DE1998/002674 WO1999014487A1 (fr) 1997-09-16 1998-09-10 Disque perfore ou disque de pulverisation et soupape injectrice dotee d'un tel disque perfore ou disque de pulverisation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0939858A1 EP0939858A1 (fr) 1999-09-08
EP0939858B1 true EP0939858B1 (fr) 2004-04-28

Family

ID=26040044

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98952556A Expired - Lifetime EP0939858B1 (fr) 1997-09-16 1998-09-10 Disque perfore ou disque de pulverisation et soupape injectrice dotee d'un tel disque perfore ou disque de pulverisation

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6230992B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0939858B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001505279A (fr)
CZ (1) CZ292958B6 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999014487A1 (fr)

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DE19815775A1 (de) * 1998-04-08 1999-10-14 Bosch Gmbh Robert Drallscheibe und Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit Drallscheibe
DE19947780A1 (de) * 1999-10-02 2001-04-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum Einstellen der Strömungsmenge an einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE10041440A1 (de) * 2000-08-23 2002-03-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert Drallscheibe und Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit Drallscheibe
US6513724B1 (en) * 2001-06-13 2003-02-04 Siemens Automotive Corporation Method and apparatus for defining a spray pattern from a fuel injector
DE10222895A1 (de) * 2002-05-23 2003-12-11 Bosch Gmbh Robert Hochdruckspeicher für Kraftstoffeinspritzsysteme mit integriertem Druckregelventil
JP4324881B2 (ja) * 2004-10-26 2009-09-02 株式会社デンソー 燃料噴射弁
US7198207B2 (en) * 2004-11-05 2007-04-03 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Low pressure fuel injector nozzle
TW200807520A (en) * 2006-03-24 2008-02-01 Applied Materials Inc Methods and apparatus for cleaning a substrate
DE102010029298A1 (de) * 2010-05-26 2011-12-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ventilanordnung zur Dosierung eines fluiden Mediums in einen Abgasstrang einer Brennkraftmaschine
DK2405127T3 (da) * 2010-07-07 2013-04-22 Waertsilae Switzerland Ltd Brændstofindsprøjtningsindretning til motorer med indvendig forbrænding
EP3437872B1 (fr) 2010-12-28 2020-12-09 Stamford Devices Limited Plaque d'ouverture photodéfinie et son procédé de fabrication
EP2859137B1 (fr) 2012-06-11 2018-12-05 Stamford Devices Limited Procédé de fabrication d'une plaque perforée pour un nébuliseur
US10047713B2 (en) * 2013-11-11 2018-08-14 Enplas Corporation Attachment structure of fuel injection device nozzle plate
WO2015177311A1 (fr) 2014-05-23 2015-11-26 Stamford Devices Limited Procédé permettant la production d'une plaque à trous
DE102018203065A1 (de) * 2018-03-01 2019-09-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Injektors

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US5437413A (en) 1994-03-24 1995-08-01 Siemens Automotive L.P. Multiple disk air assist atomizer for fuel injection
WO1996030644A1 (fr) * 1995-03-29 1996-10-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Disque perfore, notamment pour soupapes d'injection, et son procede de fabrication
WO1996030645A1 (fr) * 1995-03-29 1996-10-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procede de fabrication d'un disque perfore
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1999014487A1 (fr) 1999-03-25
CZ292958B6 (cs) 2004-01-14
EP0939858A1 (fr) 1999-09-08
CZ167799A3 (cs) 2000-02-16
JP2001505279A (ja) 2001-04-17
US6230992B1 (en) 2001-05-15

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