EP1012405B1 - Steel pile adapted to be driven into the ground and method for driving a steel pile - Google Patents

Steel pile adapted to be driven into the ground and method for driving a steel pile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1012405B1
EP1012405B1 EP97944206A EP97944206A EP1012405B1 EP 1012405 B1 EP1012405 B1 EP 1012405B1 EP 97944206 A EP97944206 A EP 97944206A EP 97944206 A EP97944206 A EP 97944206A EP 1012405 B1 EP1012405 B1 EP 1012405B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pile
fluid
ground
driving
steel pile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97944206A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1012405A1 (en
Inventor
Tijmen Van Halteren
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Individual
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/24—Placing by using fluid jets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D11/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for both placing and removing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, or mould-pipes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steel pile as defined in the preamble of claim 1.
  • a pile of this type is disclosed in document EP 0 342 138.
  • a passage system comprising a horizontally extending passage with downwardly directed passages extending therefrom is cut in a central web of the pile body, said passage system being covered on either side of the web by said two strip portions, with the exception of the lower end portions of said downwardly extending passages.
  • the lower end portions of the downwardly extending passages constitute transverse openings through the central web, through which, when driving the pile into the ground, fluid under pressure may enter laterally into the ground so as to improve lubrication of the pile surface on both sides and thereby facilitate driving of the pile into hard (rocky) grounds.
  • Driving of the pile is taking place by hammering.
  • the present invention aims at providing an improved pile, which is particularly suitable for driving into the ground by vibration.
  • the steel pile according to the invention has a "fluid injecting" pile foot that can be easily obtained by having said two strips extend below the lower edge of the web of the pile body.
  • the invention also relates to a method for driving a steel pile of the type above referred to into the ground by vibration, as defined in the preamble of claim 2.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized by the features mentioned in the second part of claim 2.
  • document GB 398 354 discloses a sheet pile, comprising a central fluid supply conduit that discharges in a pointed arch-shaped lower foot end of the pile. With this pile there is no horizontal fluid collecting and distributing passage from which fluid may enter into the ground during pile driving. With this well-known pile the fluid supply conduit may easily get blocked.
  • the invention provides a method as defined in claim 3.
  • DE-A 35 42 313 discloses a steel pile with a fluid discharging tube along the lower terminal edge of the pile body, from which tube a fluid, more particularly bentonite, is discharged through openings, which are directed upwardly and laterally. Moreover the well-known steel pile is said to be driven into the ground by vibration.
  • the steel pile used with the alternative method of the invention distinguishes from this well-known pile in that the fluid discharge openings are all directed in the substantially downward direction.
  • FIG. 1 two sheet piles 1 and 2 of a well-known trapezoid shape are diagrammatically shown.
  • the sheet pile 1 has already been driven at the desired depth whereas the sheet pile 2 has to be driven further into the ground.
  • the sheet piles 1 and 2 have their longitudinal edge formations in mutual engaging relationship as is well known in the art.
  • a relatively thick-walled steel tube 3 is attached, e.g. by welding, along the lower edge of the sheet piles 1 and 2.
  • Said tube 3 is provided with downwardly facing discharge openings 4.
  • the tube 3 is following the profile of the lower edge of the respective sheet pile and is connected to the lower end of a supply tube 5, which extends upwardly along the body of the respective sheet pile.
  • the supply tube 5 is connected with its upper end to a source of pressurized fluid (liquid), which is supplied through the supply tube 5 to the tube 3 along the lower edge of the sheet pile entering into the ground and is discharged from the latter tube through said openings 4.
  • a source of pressurized fluid liquid
  • the fluid supply While driving the sheet pile, by vibration or pushing, the fluid supply is controlled such that the discharging fluid brings the soil immediately below the lower edge of the sheet pile in a fluidized state.
  • the required fluid pressure may vary e.g. between 10 and 100 bar.
  • a central supply tube 5 is used and the tube 3 may have its ends closed.
  • the tube 3 could also be connected to a supply conduit provided in the so-called "lock space" along the free longitudinal edge formation (to the right in Fig. 1), which supply conduit would have to be removed prior to driving the next sheet pile.
  • a downwardly open collecting or pressure passage 3' is provided, which is confined by two strips 6 that are attached, e.g. by welding, on both sides of the lower portion of the respective sheet pile and is connected with a fluid supply conduit (5').
  • the strips 6 may be interconnected by bridging portions at regularly spaced locations.
  • the steel pile is in the form of a steel pipe 10, having a substantially circular tube 11 of reduced diameter fastened, e.g. welded, to its lower edge.
  • the circular tube 11 is provided with downwardly directed discharge openings 12.
  • the tube 11 may be in the form of two sections, which each cover a half of the circumference of the pipe 10 and are each connected with one end to the lower end of a supply conduit 13, that extends along the inner side of the pipe 10 upwardly, whereas the two sections 11a are closed at the opposite ends.
  • the supply conduits 13 are connected with their upper ends to a source of pressurized fluid (liquid), which is supplied through the supply conduits 13 to the tube sections 11a along the lower edge of the pipe 10 entering into the ground.
  • Driving of the pipe 10 is preferably effected by vibration. Especially with pipes of larger diameters less vibrating energy will be required for entering the pipe into the ground. It will be understood that a plurality of tube sections each connected to a supply conduit 13, may be used.
  • the steel pile is in the form of a H-profile 20, the lower edges at the foot of the profile being provided with fluid injection tubes 21 having discharge openings 22.
  • the injection tubes 21 are supplied with fluid through two supply conduits 23 on either side of the web of the H.
  • the profile shown in Fig. 4 may e.g. be used for making so called "Berliner" walls, with which between individual H-profiles horizontally extending beams of wood can be inserted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)

Abstract

A steel pile, adapted to be driven e.g. by vibration, into the ground. A fluid collecting and distributing passage (3) extends along and below at least part of the lower edge(s) of the body of the pile. The passage is supplied with fluid through a supply conduit (5) extending upwardly along the body of the pile. When driving the pile into the ground fluid is discharged from the passage through downwardly facing openings, such that the soil directly below the lower edge(s) is brought and kept in a fluidized state.

Description

The invention relates to a steel pile as defined in the preamble of claim 1.
A pile of this type is disclosed in document EP 0 342 138.
With this well-known steel pile a passage system comprising a horizontally extending passage with downwardly directed passages extending therefrom is cut in a central web of the pile body, said passage system being covered on either side of the web by said two strip portions, with the exception of the lower end portions of said downwardly extending passages. The lower end portions of the downwardly extending passages constitute transverse openings through the central web, through which, when driving the pile into the ground, fluid under pressure may enter laterally into the ground so as to improve lubrication of the pile surface on both sides and thereby facilitate driving of the pile into hard (rocky) grounds. Driving of the pile is taking place by hammering.
The particular manner of providing a fluid passage with the well-known steel pile above referred to result in a rather complicated pile foot.
The present invention aims at providing an improved pile, which is particularly suitable for driving into the ground by vibration.
According to the invention this aim is achieved by the features defined in the second part of claim 1.
As compared with the well-known steel pile described hereinabove the steel pile according to the invention has a "fluid injecting" pile foot that can be easily obtained by having said two strips extend below the lower edge of the web of the pile body.
The invention also relates to a method for driving a steel pile of the type above referred to into the ground by vibration, as defined in the preamble of claim 2.
The method according to the invention is characterized by the features mentioned in the second part of claim 2.
Due to the fact that the fluid under pressure leaves the collecting and distributing passage exclusively in a substantially downward direction, driving of the steel pile vibration will be accompanied by an enhanced process of bringing the ground immediately below the lower terminal end of the steel pile body into a fluidized state, which facilitates the penetration of the pile into the ground quite substantially. Moreover the controlled supply of fluid will keep the ultimate hold between the pile body and the surrounding soil substantially unaffected.
It is to be noted, that document GB 398 354 discloses a sheet pile, comprising a central fluid supply conduit that discharges in a pointed arch-shaped lower foot end of the pile. With this pile there is no horizontal fluid collecting and distributing passage from which fluid may enter into the ground during pile driving. With this well-known pile the fluid supply conduit may easily get blocked.
Furthermore, as an alternative, the invention provides a method as defined in claim 3.
As to the type of steel pile used with this alternative method reference is made to DE-A 35 42 313, which discloses a steel pile with a fluid discharging tube along the lower terminal edge of the pile body, from which tube a fluid, more particularly bentonite, is discharged through openings, which are directed upwardly and laterally. Moreover the well-known steel pile is said to be driven into the ground by vibration.
The steel pile used with the alternative method of the invention distinguishes from this well-known pile in that the fluid discharge openings are all directed in the substantially downward direction.
It is further to be noted that on page 11, lines 22-25 of DE-A-35 42 313 mention is made of the possibility of discharging water under high pressure from the lower end of the pile body so as to bring the ground in a fluidized state.
The invention will be hereinafter further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view, showing two sheet piles for use in a method according to the present invention in mutual engaging relationship;
  • Fig. 2A is a vertical cross-sectional view through the lower edge of a sheet pile, according to the line II-II in Fig. 1 and
  • Fig. 2B is a cross-sectional view of a steel pile according to the present invention;
  • Fig. 3 shows a pipe-shaped form of a steel pile for use in a method according to the invention and
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a steel pile for use in a method according to the invention in the form of a profile.
    • With reference to Fig. 1 two sheet piles 1 and 2 of a well-known trapezoid shape are diagrammatically shown. The sheet pile 1 has already been driven at the desired depth whereas the sheet pile 2 has to be driven further into the ground.
    The sheet piles 1 and 2 have their longitudinal edge formations in mutual engaging relationship as is well known in the art. A relatively thick-walled steel tube 3 is attached, e.g. by welding, along the lower edge of the sheet piles 1 and 2. Said tube 3 is provided with downwardly facing discharge openings 4. In the example shown in Fig. 1, the tube 3 is following the profile of the lower edge of the respective sheet pile and is connected to the lower end of a supply tube 5, which extends upwardly along the body of the respective sheet pile.
    In operation the supply tube 5 is connected with its upper end to a source of pressurized fluid (liquid), which is supplied through the supply tube 5 to the tube 3 along the lower edge of the sheet pile entering into the ground and is discharged from the latter tube through said openings 4.
    While driving the sheet pile, by vibration or pushing, the fluid supply is controlled such that the discharging fluid brings the soil immediately below the lower edge of the sheet pile in a fluidized state. Depending on the type of the ground the required fluid pressure may vary e.g. between 10 and 100 bar.
    In the example of Fig. 1 a central supply tube 5 is used and the tube 3 may have its ends closed. The tube 3 could also be connected to a supply conduit provided in the so-called "lock space" along the free longitudinal edge formation (to the right in Fig. 1), which supply conduit would have to be removed prior to driving the next sheet pile.
    In the steel pile according to the invention shown in Fig. 2B, a downwardly open collecting or pressure passage 3' is provided, which is confined by two strips 6 that are attached, e.g. by welding, on both sides of the lower portion of the respective sheet pile and is connected with a fluid supply conduit (5'). For the purpose of strengthening the strips 6 may be interconnected by bridging portions at regularly spaced locations.
    In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 the steel pile is in the form of a steel pipe 10, having a substantially circular tube 11 of reduced diameter fastened, e.g. welded, to its lower edge. The circular tube 11 is provided with downwardly directed discharge openings 12. The tube 11 may be in the form of two sections, which each cover a half of the circumference of the pipe 10 and are each connected with one end to the lower end of a supply conduit 13, that extends along the inner side of the pipe 10 upwardly, whereas the two sections 11a are closed at the opposite ends.
    In operation the supply conduits 13 are connected with their upper ends to a source of pressurized fluid (liquid), which is supplied through the supply conduits 13 to the tube sections 11a along the lower edge of the pipe 10 entering into the ground. Driving of the pipe 10 is preferably effected by vibration. Especially with pipes of larger diameters less vibrating energy will be required for entering the pipe into the ground. It will be understood that a plurality of tube sections each connected to a supply conduit 13, may be used.
    In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 the steel pile is in the form of a H-profile 20, the lower edges at the foot of the profile being provided with fluid injection tubes 21 having discharge openings 22. In this example the injection tubes 21 are supplied with fluid through two supply conduits 23 on either side of the web of the H.
    The profile shown in Fig. 4 may e.g. be used for making so called "Berliner" walls, with which between individual H-profiles horizontally extending beams of wood can be inserted.

    Claims (3)

    1. A steel pile, adapted to be driven into the ground and having along at least part of its lower terminal edge a thickened edge formation which comprises two strip portions (6) positioned on either side of a web portion of the pile body and forming, together with said web portion, a fluid collecting and distributing passage (3') which is connected with a fluid supply conduit (5') that extends along the pile body downwardly, from which passage fluid under pressure may enter into the surrounding soil during pile driving, characterized in that said two strip portions (6) extend downwardly beyond the respective web portion, so as to form said passage as a substantially downwardly directed channel between said two strip portions below the lower edge of said web portion.
    2. A method for driving a steel pile according to claim 1 into the ground by vibration, while simultaneously causing a fluid to discharge from the fluid collecting and distributing passage (3') along the lower edge of the pile body, characterized in that the fluid is caused to discharge exclusively substantially vertically downwardly and controlled to be just enough to bring the soil immediately below the lower end of the pile body into a fluidized state.
    3. A method for driving a steel pile into the ground by vibration, wherein the pile is of the type comprising a pile body with a fluid discharge tube (3) along part of its lower terminal edge and with the fluid discharge openings (4) of said discharge tube being all directed substantially downwardly, the method comprising the step of causing a fluid to discharge through said substantially downwardly directed discharge openings and controlling the fluid supply to be just enough to bring the soil immediately below the lower terminal end of the pile body into a fluidized state.
    EP97944206A 1996-10-10 1997-10-09 Steel pile adapted to be driven into the ground and method for driving a steel pile Expired - Lifetime EP1012405B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    NL1004237A NL1004237C2 (en) 1996-10-10 1996-10-10 Profile, more specifically sheet pile profile.
    NL1004237 1996-10-10
    PCT/NL1997/000560 WO1998015692A1 (en) 1996-10-10 1997-10-09 A steel pile, adapted to be driven into the ground

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1012405A1 EP1012405A1 (en) 2000-06-28
    EP1012405B1 true EP1012405B1 (en) 2003-03-12

    Family

    ID=19763649

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP97944206A Expired - Lifetime EP1012405B1 (en) 1996-10-10 1997-10-09 Steel pile adapted to be driven into the ground and method for driving a steel pile

    Country Status (8)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP1012405B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE234393T1 (en)
    DE (1) DE69719820T2 (en)
    DK (1) DK1012405T3 (en)
    ES (1) ES2197368T3 (en)
    NL (1) NL1004237C2 (en)
    PT (1) PT1012405E (en)
    WO (1) WO1998015692A1 (en)

    Cited By (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    CN103628482A (en) * 2012-08-27 2014-03-12 上海中技桩业股份有限公司 High-pressure jet guide-pile construction method

    Families Citing this family (8)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    FR2825105A1 (en) 2001-08-29 2002-11-29 Profilarbes Sa Sheet pile with lubricating fluid spray nozzles on leading edge has nozzle unit fixed to one side of flat section of pile
    EP1340855A1 (en) * 2002-03-01 2003-09-03 BVV Spezialtiefbautechnik Vertriebs GmbH Element for ground support
    NL1031395C2 (en) * 2006-03-17 2007-09-18 Sterk Midden Nederland B V Pile driving method, e.g. sheet piling, involves connecting nozzle at bottom of pile to flexible hose for supplying pressurized fluid
    NL2002543C2 (en) * 2009-02-18 2010-08-24 Sterk Midden Nederland B V METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DRIVING A SERIES OF WALL WALL PLANKS.
    RU2619646C1 (en) * 2016-04-11 2017-05-17 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Дальневосточный федеральный университет" (ДВФУ) Device to install the thin steel shell at the aquatic area bottom
    US20180106006A1 (en) * 2016-10-18 2018-04-19 3HX Tech LLC Discharge jet and pile-plank applying the same
    DE102017121760A1 (en) * 2017-09-20 2019-03-21 Innogy Se Method of installing a pile and pile
    NL2031823B1 (en) * 2022-05-10 2023-11-17 Gbm Works Bv A monopile for a wind turbine

    Family Cites Families (9)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    GB398354A (en) * 1932-10-20 1933-09-14 Walter Taylor Improvements relating to steel driving piles for use in forming building foundations in water beds and the like
    US3822557A (en) * 1972-09-29 1974-07-09 L Frederick Jet sheet and circular pile with water hammer assist
    US3973408A (en) * 1975-04-07 1976-08-10 Paverman Grisha H Construction of underground dams and equipment therefor
    US4408405A (en) * 1981-04-02 1983-10-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Underwater excavator
    NL191893C (en) * 1984-12-06 1996-10-04 Verstraeten Funderingstech Bv Method and device for forming a sealing wall in the ground.
    GB8707116D0 (en) * 1987-03-25 1987-04-29 Serf Ltd Sheet piling
    FR2631051A1 (en) * 1988-05-05 1989-11-10 Kuntz Francois INJECTION AND LUBRICATION HOP FOR TILTING PROFILES, ESPECIALLY FOR SEALED WALLS
    FR2712317B1 (en) * 1993-11-12 1995-12-29 Sol Cie Method for producing thin walls in the ground.
    FR2730256B1 (en) * 1995-02-03 1997-04-25 Bouygues Offshore PROFILE, DEVICE AND METHOD FOR REALIZING A BALLASTED COLUMN

    Cited By (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    CN103628482A (en) * 2012-08-27 2014-03-12 上海中技桩业股份有限公司 High-pressure jet guide-pile construction method

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    PT1012405E (en) 2003-07-31
    WO1998015692A1 (en) 1998-04-16
    DE69719820D1 (en) 2003-04-17
    NL1004237C2 (en) 1998-04-14
    DE69719820T2 (en) 2003-12-18
    ES2197368T3 (en) 2004-01-01
    ATE234393T1 (en) 2003-03-15
    EP1012405A1 (en) 2000-06-28
    DK1012405T3 (en) 2003-07-07

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