Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
  • A61Q5/06—Preparations for styling the hair, e.g. by temporary shaping or colouring
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/46—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/49—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K8/494—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with more than one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/49—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K8/494—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with more than one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
  • A61K8/4966—Triazines or their condensed derivatives
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
  • A61K8/731—Cellulose; Quaternized cellulose derivatives
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/8141—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • A61K8/8147—Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof, e.g. crotonic acid, (meth)acrylic acid; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/8141—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • A61K8/8152—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters, e.g. (meth)acrylic acid esters; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/8141—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • A61K8/8158—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides, e.g. (meth) acrylamide; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/8164—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical, and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers, e.g. poly (methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride)
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/817—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Compositions or derivatives of such polymers, e.g. vinylimidazol, vinylcaprolactame, allylamines (Polyquaternium 6)
  • A61K8/8176—Homopolymers of N-vinyl-pyrrolidones. Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/817—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Compositions or derivatives of such polymers, e.g. vinylimidazol, vinylcaprolactame, allylamines (Polyquaternium 6)
  • A61K8/8182—Copolymers of vinyl-pyrrolidones. Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/89—Polysiloxanes
  • A61K8/891—Polysiloxanes saturated, e.g. dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone, C24-C28 methicone or stearyl dimethicone
  • A61K8/894—Polysiloxanes saturated, e.g. dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone, C24-C28 methicone or stearyl dimethicone modified by a polyoxyalkylene group, e.g. cetyl dimethicone copolyol
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/89—Polysiloxanes
  • A61K8/895—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to unsaturated aliphatic groups, e.g. vinyl dimethicone
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61K8/89—Polysiloxanes
  • A61K8/896—Polysiloxanes containing atoms other than silicon, carbon, oxygen and hydrogen, e.g. dimethicone copolyol phosphate
  • A61K8/898—Polysiloxanes containing atoms other than silicon, carbon, oxygen and hydrogen, e.g. dimethicone copolyol phosphate containing nitrogen, e.g. amodimethicone, trimethyl silyl amodimethicone or dimethicone propyl PG-betaine
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/42—Colour properties
  • A61K2800/43—Pigments; Dyes
  • A61K2800/434—Luminescent, Fluorescent; Optical brighteners; Photosensitizers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a hair care composition comprising optical brighteners which alter the color of the hair, while enhancing the shininess of the hair, and protecting the hair from further damage. More specifically, the present invention relates to a hair styling composition comprising anionic optical brighteners and selected fixative polymers.
• BACKGROUND The desire to regain the natural color and shine of damaged hair and the desire to alter the color of the hair to be more appealing are widely held. Damaged hair is perceived by the consumer as unfavorable appearances and less manageability of the hair. Such unfavorable appearances include alteration and fading of original color, less shine, and less luster.
• a common way for alleviating the unfavorable appearances of damaged hair and to achieve appealing hair color is to dye the hair to the color desired.
• Dyeing the hair would provide the consumer with a stable color of hair for a relatively long period.
• dyeing the hair is generally time-consuming, cumbersome, and messy.
• Dyestuff may also be chemically harsh to the hair, scalp, and skin.
• the hair can be further damaged by dyeing.
• hair dye products are not suitable for daily use. Further, dyeing can leave the hair with a dull appearance, making the hair look less shiny.
• optical brighteners or compounds otherwise described by names such as fluorescent whitening agents, fluorescent brighteners, or fluorescent dyes, in the hair care field has been known in the art, such as in United States Patent 3,658,985, United States Patent 4,312,855, Canadian Patent 1 ,255,603, United States Patent 3,577,528, Great England Patent Specification 1 ,328,108, South African Application 676,049, European Publication 87,060, and Great England Patent Specification 2,307,639.
• Hair fixative polymers with different charge types are known to be useful in acheiving and maintaining a desired hair style.
• optical brighteners with a charge are mixed with hair fixative polymers of the opposite charge in a liquid media, it forms an insoluble complex, which could cause incompabitility and/or instability in the formulation.
• there is a desire to provide a stable hair styling composition comprising optical brighteners with a charge.
• an effective amount of an anionic optical brightener (b) a fixative polymer selected from the group consisting of an amphoteric fixative polymer, a nonionic fixative polymer, an anionic fixative polymer, a silicone grafted polymer, and mixtures thereof; wherein the 3% aqueous solution of the hair fixative polymer provides a viscosity of no more than about 2,000 cps; and (c) a carrier.
• Optical brighteners are compounds which absorb ultraviolet light and re- emit the energy in the form of visible light.
• the optical brighteners useful herein have an absorption, preferably a major absorption peak, between a wavelength of about 1nm and about 420nm, and an emission, preferably a major emission peak, between a wavelength of about 360nm and about 830nm; wherein the major absorption peak has a shorter wavelength than the major emission peak. More preferably, the optical brighteners useful herein have a major absorption peak between a wavelength of about 200nm and about 420nm, and a major emission peak between a wavelength of about 400nm and about 780nm.
• Optical brighteners may or may not have minor absorption peaks in the visible range between a wavelength of about 360nm and about 830nm.
• Optical brighteners can be described by other names in the art and in other industries, such as fluorescent whitening agents, fluorescent brighteners, and fluorescent dyes.
• optical brighteners herein When applied to hair via suitable vehicles, optical brighteners herein provide benefits to the hair in three areas. First, optical brighteners herein alter the color of the hair by emitting light in the visible range. Second, optical brighteners herein enhance the shine of the hair by emitting light in the visible range. Third, optical brighteners herein protect the hair from ultraviolet light by absorbing ultraviolet light.
• Optical brighteners in general are based on the structures of aromatic and heteroaromatic systems which provide these unique characteristics.
• Optical brighteners can be classified according to their charge type.
• Anionic optical brighteners useful in the present invention are those bearing a negatively charged polar group.
• Four types of ionized groups can be employed in anionic optical brighteners: carboxylate, sulfate, sulfonate, and phosphate.
• Anionic optical brighteners can be further classified according to their base structures, as described hereafter.
• Preferable anionic optical brighteners herein include polystyrylstilbenes, triazinstiibenes, coumahns, triazoles, and pyrazolines.
• anionic optical brighteners herein are included in the hair care composition of the present invention at a level by weight of from about 0.001% to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.01% to about 10%.
• Polystyrylstilbenes are a class of compounds having two or more of the following base structure:
• Polystyrylstilbenes useful in the present invention include those having formulae (1):
• R1°1 is H, OH, S0 3 M, COOM, OSO 3 M, OPO(OH)OM, wherein M is H, Na, K, Ca, Mg, ammonium, mono-, di-, tri- or tetra-C-
• R 102 and R103 independently, are SO3M, COOM, OSO3M, OPO(OH)OM, wherein M is as previously defined; and x is 0 or 1; wherein the compound has a trans-coplanar orientation or cis-coplanar orientation; preferably x is 1 , R 01 is SO3Na and R 102 and R 103 are H; wherein the compound has a trans-coplanar orientation.
• Suitable polystyrylstilbenes include disodium-1 ,4-bis(2-sulfostyryl) bisphenyl (C.I. Fluorescent Brightener 351) with tradename Tinopal CBS-X available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals. Triazinstiibenes
• Triazinstiibenes are a class of compounds having both triazin and stilbene structures in the same molecule.
• Triazinstiibenes useful in the present invention include those having formulae (2):
• R 104 and R 105 independently, are -OCH3 or -Cl; and An" is an anion of carboxylate, sulfate, sulfonate, or phosphate, and M is as previously defined, wherein the compound has a trans-coplanar orientation or cis-coplanar orientation; preferably the compound has a trans-coplanar orientation.
• R201 is (CH 2 ) ⁇ COOM, (CH 2 ) ⁇ _ 4 S0 3 M, (CH 2 ) ⁇ OS0 3 M, (CH 2 ) ⁇ - 4 OPO(OH)OM, wherein M is as previously defined;
• R 202 is H, phenyl, COO-C ⁇
• Triazoles are a class of compounds having the following base structure:
• Triazoles useful in the present inventions include those having formulae (4) and (5):
• R 301 is H or Cl
• R 302 is S0 3 M, COOM, OS0 3 M, OPO(OH)OM
• R 3 ° 3 is H or SO3M
• M is as previously defined, wherein the compound has a trans- coplanar orientation or cis-coplanar orientation; preferably R 301 and R 303 are H and R 302 is SO3M in which M is Na; wherein the compound has a trans-coplanar orientation;
• each of R 304 and R 310 independently represents SO3M, COOM, OS03M, OPO(OH)OM, wherein M is as previously defined
• each of R 305 and R 31 independently represents H, a sulfonic acid group or the salts, esters or amides thereof, a carboxylic acid group or the salts, esters or amides thereof, a cyano group, a halogen atom, an unsubstituted or substituted alkylor alkoxy radical, or together with R 304 and R 3 0 represent a methylenedioxy, ethylenedioxy, methylenoxymethylenoxy, trimethylene, tetramethylene, propenylene, butenylene or butadienylene radical
• each of R 306 and R 312 independently represents H, a halogen atom or an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl radical
• each of R 307 and R 309 independently represents H, a halogen atom, a cyano group a
• Pyrazolines are a class of compounds having the following base structure:
• Pyrazolines useful in the present invention include those having formulae (6) and (7):
• R 401 is H or Cl
• R 402 is SO 3 M, COOM, OSO3M, or OPO(OH)OM
• R 4n3 and R 404 are the same or different and each is H, C-
• M is as previously defined, preferably R 401 is Cl, R 402 is SO3M wherein M is as previously defined, and R 403 , R 404 and R 405 , independently, are H;
• Suitable pyrazolines include 1-[4-(2-sulfoethylsulfonyl)phenyl]-3-(4- chlorophenyl)-2-pyrazoline, 1-[4-(2-sulfoethylsulfonyl)phenyl]-3-(3,4-dichloro-6- methylphenyl)-2-pyrazoline.
• the fixative polymers useful herein are those which provide a styling or setting benefit to the hair, and are selected from the group consisting of amphoteric fixative polymers, anionic fixative polymers, nonionic fixative polymers, silicone grafted copolymers, and mixtures thereof.
• fixative polymers in this section can be distinguished from the conditioning agent polymers and thickening polymers as mentioned below in that they have a film- forming characteristic, and that the 3% aqueous solution of fixative polymers herein provide a visocisty of no more than about 2,000 cps.
• Anionic optical brighteners of the present invention provide benefits to the hair by depositing on the surface of the hair.
• styling compositions are liquid based.
• the formulation containing the anionic optical brightener can effectively deliver the anionic optical brightener to the hair in liquid media.
• anionic optical brighteners are mixed with cationic fixative polymers, it may form an insoluble complex, or may cause incompatibility and/or instability in the formulation.
• the fixative polymers from the group consisting of amphoteric fixative polymers, anionic fixative polymers, nonionic fixative polymers, silicone grafted copolymers, and mixtures thereof, a styling composition which can effectively deliver the anionic optical brightener and also provide good styling benefits is obtained.
• fixative polymers may enhance the benefits and/or alleviate the shortcomings of the combined fixative polymers.
• Preferred fixative polymer combinations of the present invention include the combination of betainized amphoteric fixative polymer and non-betainized amphoteric fixative polymer, and the combination of amphoteric fixative polymer and anionic fixative polymer.
• a mousse product with good foaming characteristics can be obtained with or without propellant.
• Such mousse product typically contains no more than about 30% volatile solvent in the composition.
• the fixative polymers are preferably included at a level of from about
• the total preferably does not exceed about 10% by weight of the composition; more preferably, each fixative polymer does not exceed about 5% by weight of the composition.
• amphoteric fixative polymers useful herein include betainized amphoteric fixative polymers as described in (1) and (2) below, and non- betainized amphoteric fixative polymers as described in (3) and (4) below.
• Betainized Amphoteric Fixative Polymers (1) Useful herein are polymers of betainized dialkylaminoalkyl
• R1 denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
• R2 denotes an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
• Y denotes O or -NH-
• R 3 and R 4 independently of one another denote hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
• one cationic derivative consisting of a cationic surfactant containing at least one nitrogen atom joined to one or more fatty chains and optionally quaternised, or consisting of a cationic polymer of the polyamine, polyaminopolyamide or poly-(quaternary ammonium) type, the amine or ammonium groups forming part of the polymer chain or being joined thereto.
• amphoteric polymers containing units corresponding to the above formula (I) are generally in the form of copolymers which contain, in addition to the units of the above mentioned formula (I), at least units of the formula:
• R ⁇ is as defined above and R ⁇ represents an alkyl or alkenyl radical having from 4 to 24 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyi radical having from 4 to 24 carbon atoms.
• R ⁇ preferably denotes an alkyl or alkenyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and R ⁇ is as defined above.
• the units of the formula (I) are preferably present in an amount of 25 to 45% by weight, units of the formula (II) are preferably present in an amount of 5 to 65% by weight, and units of the formula (III) are preferably present in an amount up to 50% by weight, relative to the total weight of the polymer.
• a particularly preferred polymer is the copolymer containing units of the formulae (I), (II) and (III) in which Y denotes an oxygen atom, R2 denotes the group -C2H4-, R1 , R3 and R 4 denote methyl, R 5 denotes an alkyl group having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and R ⁇ denotes an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
• the average molecular weight of this polymer is preferably from 50,000 to 100,000.
• This polymer is sold under the trademark "Yukaformer” or "Diaformer” supplied by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation.
• R ⁇ denotes a polymerisable unsaturated group, such as an acrylate, methacrylate, acrylamide or methacrylamide group
• x and y independently represent an integer from 1 to 3
• R2 and R 3 independently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or propyl
• R 4 and R ⁇ independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical such that the sum of the carbon atoms in R 4 and R5 does not exceed 10.
• betainized amphoteric polymers include commercially available material such as YUKAFORMER SM, YUKAFORMER FH,
• YUKAFORMER 301 YUKAFORMER 204WL, YUKAFORMER 510, YUKAFORMER M-75, YUKAFORMER R250S, Diaformer Z-SM, and Diaformer
• non-betainized amphoteric polymers resulting from the copolymerisation of a vinyl monomer carrying at least one carboxyl group, such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, crotonic acid, or alphachloroacrylic acid, and a basic monomer which is a substituted vinyl compound containing at least one basic nitrogen atom, such as dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylates and acrylates and dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylamides and -acrylamides.
• a vinyl monomer carrying at least one carboxyl group such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, crotonic acid, or alphachloroacrylic acid
• a basic monomer which is a substituted vinyl compound containing at least one basic nitrogen atom, such as dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylates and acrylates and dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylamide
• non-betainized amphoteric polymers containing units derived from i) at least one monomer chosen from amongst acrylamides or methacrylamides substituted on the nitrogen by an alkyl radical, ii) at least one acid comonomer containing one or more reactive carboxyl groups, and iii) at least one basic comonomer, such as esters, with primary, secondary and tertiary amine substituents and quarternary ammonium substituents, of acrylic and methacrylic acids, and the product resulting from the quaternisation of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate with dimethyl or diethyl sulphate.
• the N-substituted acrylamides or methacrylamides which are most particularly preferred are the groups in which the alkyl radicals contain from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, especially N-ethylacrylamide, N-tert.-butylacrylamide, N-tert.- octylacrylamide, N-octylacrylamide, N-decylacrylamide and N-dodecylacrylamide and also the corresponding methacrylamides.
• the acid comonomers are chosen more particularly from amongst acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic, itaconic, maleic and fumaric acids and also the alkyl monoesters of maleic acid or fumaric acid in which alkyl has 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
• the preferred basic comonomers are aminoethyl, butylaminoethyl, N,N'- dimethylaminoethyl and N-tert.-butylaminoethyl methacrylates.
• Non-betainized amphoteric polymers include commercially available material such as octylacrylamine/acrylates/butylaminoethyl methoacrylate copolymers with the tradenames AMPHOMER, AMPHOMER SH701 , AMPHOMER 28-4910, AMPHOMER LV71 , and AMPHOMER LV47 supplied by National Starch & Chemical.
• AMPHOMER AMPHOMER SH701
• AMPHOMER 28-4910 AMPHOMER LV71
• AMPHOMER LV47 supplied by National Starch & Chemical.
• the anionic fixative polymers useful herein include polymers containing units derived from carboxylic, sulphonic or phosphoric acid and usually have a molecular weight of 500 to 5,000,000. These polymers are water-soluble polymers, it being possible for this solubility to be obtained by neutralisation.
• the carboxylic acid groups can be provided by unsaturated monocarboxylic or dicarboxylic acids, such as those corresponding to the formula:
• n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 10
• A denotes a methylene group optionally joined to the carbon atom of the saturated group, or to the adjacent methylene group in the case where n is greater than 1 , via a heteroatom, such as oxygen or sulphur
• R 1 denotes a hydrogen atom or a phenyl or benzyl group
• R 2 denotes a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a carboxyl group
• R denotes a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, CH2COOH, or a phenyl or benzyl group.
• the preferred polymers containing carboxylic acid groups are: (1) Hompolymers or copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid or salts thereof, and in particular, the products sold under the name VERSICOL E or K, and ULTRAHOLD by BASF and under the name DARVAN No. 7 by Van der Bilt; acrylic acid/acryiamide copolymers sold in the form of their sodium salt under the name RETEN 421 , 423 or 425 by HERCULES; and the sodium salts of polyhydroxycarboxylic acids, sold under the name HYDAGEN F by HENKEL.
• Copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid with a monoethylenic monomer such as ethylene, styrene, a vinyl or allyl ester or acrylic or methacrylic acid ester, optionally grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol, such as polyethylene glycol, and optionally corsslinked.
• a monoethylenic monomer such as ethylene, styrene, a vinyl or allyl ester or acrylic or methacrylic acid ester
• a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol, and optionally corsslinked.
• Other such copolymers contain an optionally N-alkylated and/or N-hydroxylated acrylamide unit in their chain, such as those sold under the name QUADRAMER 5 by American Cyanamid.
• Copolymers derived from crotonic acid such as those containing, in their chain, vinyl acetate or propionate units and optionally other monomers such as allyl of methallyl esters, a vinyl ether or a vinyl ester of a saturated linear or branched carboxylic acid with a hydrocarbon chain of at least 5 carbon atoms, if appropriate, for these polymers to be grafted and corsslinked, or also a vinyl, allyl or methallyl ester of an ⁇ - or ⁇ -cyclic carboxylic acid. Included in this class are those with the tradename RESYN 28-2930, 28-2913, and 28-1310 sold by National Starch & Chemicals.
• Other polymers included in this class are copolymers of maleic, citraconic and itaconic anhydrides with an allyl or methallyl ester optionally containing an acrylamido or methacrylamido group, or with an ⁇ -olefine, acrylic or methacrylic acid ester, acrylic or methacrylic acid or vinylpyrrolidone unit in their chain; the anhydride groups can be monoesterified or monoamidified.
• Polyacrylamides containing carboxylate groups include polymers containing vinylsulphonic, styrenesulphonic, lignosulphonic or naphthalenesulphonic units. These polymers are chosen, in particular, from amongst: i) Polyvinylsulphonic acid salts having a molecular weight of 1 ,000 to
• the anionic hair fixative polymers herein which include anionic monomers are preferably utilised in at least partially neutralised form in order to aid shampoo removability of the liquid hair cosmetic compositions.
• the neutralisation of a polymer may be achieved by use of an inorganic base, preferably KOH.
• organic base preferably AMP (amino methyl propanol) and mixture of inorganic and organic base may also be used to effect the desired level of neutralisation in hair styling compositions.
• AMP amino methyl propanol
• Suitable organic neutralizing agents which may be included in the compositions of the present invention include amines, especially amino alcohols such as 2-amino-2-methyl-1 , 3-propanediol (AMPD), 2-amine-2ethyl-1 ,
• amines especially amino alcohols such as 2-amino-2-methyl-1 , 3-propanediol (AMPD), 2-amine-2ethyl-1 ,
• AEPD 3-propanediol
• 2-amino-2-methyl-1 -propanol AMP
• 2-amino-1-butanol AB
• monethanolamine MEA
• diethanolamine DEA
• triethanolamine TEA
• monoisopropanolamine MIPA
• diisopropanolamine DIPA
• TIPA triisopropanolamine
• DMS dimethylsteramine
• AMP amino methyl propanol
• Preferred neutralising agents for use in hair care compositions of the present invention are potassium and sodium hydroxides.
• Highly preferred anionic fixative polymers include commercially available material such as vinyl acetate/crotonic acid/vinyl neodecanoate copolymers and vinyl acetate/crotonic acid copolymers with the tradenames RESYN 28-2930, RESYN 28-2913, and RESYN 28-1310 supplied by National Starch & Chemicals, and acrylates copolymers and acrylates/acrylamide copolymers with tradenames LUVIMER 100P, ULTRAHOLD 8, and ULTRAHOLD STRONG supplied by BASF Corporation.
• Nonionic Fixative Polymers include commercially available material such as vinyl acetate/crotonic acid/vinyl neodecanoate copolymers and vinyl acetate/crotonic acid copolymers with the tradenames RESYN 28-2930, RESYN 28-2913, and RESYN 28-1310 supplied by National Starch & Chemicals, and acrylates copolymers and acrylates
• nonionic fixative polymers useful herein are homopolymer of vinylpyrrolidone or vinylcaprolactum and copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone with vinylacetate such as those with tradenames LUVISKOL K grades and LUVISKOL VA grades supplied by BASF Corporation. Silicone Grafted Copolymers
• the silicone grafted copolymers useful herein include those which have a vinyl polymeric backbone (A and B monomers), and grafted to such backbone a polydimethylsiloxane macromer (C macromer) having a weight average molecular weight of from about 1 ,000 to about 50,000.
• these copolymers contain from and from about 50.0% to about 99.9% of the combination of A and B monomers, and from about 0.1% to about 50.0% of C macromer, wherein A is a lipophilic, low polarity free radically polymerizable vinyl monomer, such as methacrylic or acrylic esters; B is an anionic or nonionic hydrophilic polar monomer which is copolymerizable with A, such as acrylic acid, N,N-dimethylacrylaimde, or vinyl pyrrolidone; and C is a silicone-containing macromer having a weight average molecular weight of from about 1 ,000 to about 50,000, based on polydimethylsiloxane.
• Preferred silicone grafted copolymers are those having a Tg above about -20°C, and a molecular weight of from about 10,000 to about 1 ,000,000.
• Suitable silicone grafted copolymers herein include those listed below wherein the numbers indicate the weight ratio of monomers and macromers in the copolymer, silicone macromer S1 is a dimethylpolysiloxane having a molecular weight of about 20,000, and silicone macromer S2 is a dimethylpolysiloxane having a molecular weight of about 10,000.
• the styling composition of the present invention comprises a carrier.
• the level and species of the carrier are selected according to the compatibility with other components, and desired characteristic of the product.
• the styling compositions herein can be in any product form including, but not limited to, hair sprays, mists, mousses, gels, and creams.
• the carrier useful in the present invention include water, volatile solvents, propellents, and mixtures thereof.
• the water useful herein include deionized water and water from natural sources containing mineral cations. Deionized water is preferred.
• Volatile solvents useful herein include lower alkyl alcohols having from 1 to 3 carbons, and hydrocarbons having from about 5 to about 8 carbons.
• the preferred volatile solvents are, ethanol, isopropanol, pentane, hexane, and heptane
• Propellants may be used for mousse and hair spray product forms.
• Propellants when used in the present invention, are selected depending on variables such as the remainder of components, the package, and whether the product is designed to be used standing or invert.
• Propellants useful herein include fluorohydrocarbons such as difluoroethane 152a (supplied by DuPont), dimethylether, and hydrocarbons such as propane, isobutane, n-butane, mixtures of hydrocarbons such as LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, nitrogen, and compressed air.
• fluorohydrocarbons such as difluoroethane 152a (supplied by DuPont), dimethylether, and hydrocarbons such as propane, isobutane, n-butane, mixtures of hydrocarbons such as LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, nitrogen, and compressed air.
• the styling composition of the present invention may include an emulsifying surfactant to disperse the water insoluble components in the carrier.
• Water insoluble components may include hydrophobic fixative polymers mentioned above, and hydrophobic thickening polymers, high melting point conditioning agents, and oily conditioning agents mentioned below.
• the level and species of the emulsifying surfactant are selected according to the compatibility with other components, and desired characteristic of the product.
• Emulsifying surfactants are selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, and mixtures thereof.
• the styling composition of the present invention may include a conditioning agent.
• Conditioning agents useful herein include high melting point compounds, oily compounds, silicone compounds, non-volatile solvents, and mixtures thereof.
• compositions may comprise a high melting point compound having a melting point of at least about 25°C selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty alcohol derivatives, fatty acid derivatives, hydrocarbons, steroids, and mixtures thereof.
• a high melting point compound having a melting point of at least about 25°C selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty alcohol derivatives, fatty acid derivatives, hydrocarbons, steroids, and mixtures thereof.
• these high melting point compounds cover the hair surface and reduce friction, thereby resulting in providing smooth feel on the hair and ease of combing.
• the compounds disclosed in this section of the specification can in some instances fall into more than one classification, e.g., some fatty alcohol derivatives can also be classified as fatty acid derivatives.
• a given classification is not intended to be a limitation on that particular compound, but is done so for convenience of classification and nomenclature.
• certain compounds having certain required carbon atoms may have a melting point of less than about 25°C Such compounds of low melting point are not intended to be included in this section.
• Nonlimiting examples of the high melting point compounds are found in International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, Fifth Edition, 1993, and CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, Second Edition, 1992, both of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
• the fatty alcohols useful herein are those having from about 14 to about 30 carbon atoms, preferably from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms. These fatty alcohols can be straight or branched chain alcohols and can be saturated or unsaturated. Nonlimiting examples of fatty alcohols include, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof.
• the fatty acids useful herein are those having from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms, preferably from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and more preferably from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms. These fatty acids can be straight or branched chain acids and can be saturated or unsaturated. Also included are diacids, triacids, and other multiple acids which meet the requirements herein. Also included herein are salts of these fatty acids. Nonlimiting examples of fatty acids include lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, sebacic acid, and mixtures thereof.
• the fatty alcohol derivatives and fatty acid derivatives useful herein include alkyl ethers of fatty alcohols, alkoxylated fatty alcohols, alkyl ethers of alkoxylated fatty alcohols, esters of fatty alcohols, fatty acid esters of compounds having esterifiable hydroxy groups, hydroxy-substitued fatty acids, and mixtures thereof.
• Nonlimiting examples of fatty alcohol derivatives and fatty acid derivatives include materials such as methyl stearyl ether; the ceteth series of compounds such as ceteth-1 through ceteth-45, which are ethylene glycol ethers of cetyl alcohol, wherein the numeric designation indicates the number of ethylene glycol moieties present; the steareth series of compounds such as steareth-1 through 10, which are ethylene glycol ethers of steareth alcohol, wherein the numeric designation indicates the number of ethylene glycol moieties present; ceteareth 1 through ceteareth-10, which are the ethylene glycol ethers of ceteareth alcohol, i.e.
• Hydrocarbons useful herein include compounds having at least about 20 carbons.
• Steroids useful herein include compounds such as cholesterol.
• High melting point compounds of a single compound of high purity are preferred.
• Single compounds of pure fatty alcohols selected from the group of pure cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and behenyl alcohol are highly preferred.
• pure herein, what is meant is that the compound has a purity of at least about 90%, preferably at least about 95%.
• High melting point compounds useful herein include: cetyl alchol, stearyl alcohol, and behenyl alcohol having tradenames KONOL series available from New Japan Chemical (Osaka, Japan), and NAA series available from NOF (Tokyo, Japan); pure behenyl alcohol having tradename 1-DOCOSANOL available from WAKO (Osaka, Japan), various fatty acids having tradenames NEO-FAT available from Akzo (Chicago Illinois, USA), HYSTRENE available from Witco Corp. (Dublin Ohio, USA), and DERMA available from Vevy (Genova, Italy); and cholesterol having tradename NIKKOL AGUASOME LA available from Nikko. Oily Compound
• compositions comprise an oily compound having a melting point of not more than about 25°C selected from the group consisting of a first oily compound, a second oily compound, and mixtures thereof.
• the oily compounds useful herein may be volatile or nonvolatile. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that, the oily compounds may penetrate the hair to modify the hydroxy bonds of the hair, thereby resulting in providing softness and flexibility to the hair.
• the oily compound may comprise either the first oily compound or the second oily compound as described herein. Preferably, a mixture of the first oily compound and the second oily compound is used.
• the oily compounds of this section are to be distinguished from the high melting point compounds described above.
• fatty alcohols useful herein include those having from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms, preferably from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and more preferably from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms. These fatty alcohols can be straight or branched chain alcohols and can be saturated or unsaturated alcohols, preferably unsaturated alcohols.
• Nonlimiting examples of these compounds include oleyl alcohol, palmitoleic alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, isocetyl alchol, undecanol, octyl dodecanol, octyl decanol, octyl alcohol, caprylic alcohol, decyl alcohol and lauryl alcohol.
• the fatty acids useful herein include those having from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms, preferably from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and more preferably from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms. These fatty acids can be straight or branched chain acids and can be saturated or unsaturated. Suitable fatty acids include, for example, oleic acid, linoleic acid, isostearic acid, linolenic acid, ethyl linolenic acid, ethyl linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, and ricinolic acid.
• the fatty acid derivatives and fatty alcohol derivatives are defined herein to include, for example, esters of fatty alcohols, alkoxylated fatty alcohols, alkyl ethers of fatty alcohols, alkyl ethers of alkoxylated fatty alcohols, and mixtures thereof.
• Nonlimiting examples of fatty acid derivatives and fatty alcohol derivatives include, for example, methyl linoleate, ethyl linoleate, isopropyl linoleate, isodecyl oleate, isopropyl oleate, ethyl oleate, octyldodecyl oleate, oleyl oleate, decyl oleate, butyl oleate, methyl oleate, octyldodecyl stearate, octyldodecyl isostearate, octyldodecyl isopalmitate, octyl isopelargonate, octyl pelargonate, hexyl isostearate, isopropyl isostearate, isodecyl isononanoate, Oleth-2, pentaeryth
• first oily compounds useful herein include: oleyl alcohol with tradename UNJECOL 90BHR available from New Japan Chemical, pentaerythritol tetraisostearate and trimethylolpropane triisostearate with tradenames KAKPTI and KAKTTI available from Kokyu Alcohol (Chiba, Japan), pentaerythritol tetraoleate having the same tradename as the compound name available from New Japan Chemical, trimethylolpropane trioleate with a tradename ENUJERUBU series available from New Japan Chemical, various liquid esters with tradenames SCHERCEMOL series available from Scher, and hexyl isostearate with a tradename HIS and isopropryl isostearate having a tradename ZPIS available from Kokyu Alcohol.
• the second oily compounds useful herein include straight chain, cyclic, and branched chain hydrocarbons which can be either saturated or unsaturated, so long as they have a melting point of not more than about 25°C. These hydrocarbons have from about 12 to about 40 carbon atoms, preferably from about 12 to about 30 carbon atoms, and preferably from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms. Also encompassed herein are polymeric hydrocarbons of alkenyl monomers, such as polymers of C2-6 alkenyl monomers. These polymers can be straight or branched chain polymers. The straight chain polymers will typically be relatively short in length, having a total number of carbon atoms as described above. The branched chain polymers can have substantially higher chain lengths.
• the number average molecular weight of such materials can vary widely, but will typically be up to about 500, preferably from about 200 to about 400, and more preferably from about 300 to about 350.
• mineral oils are liquid mixtures of hydrocarbons that are obtained from petroleum. Specific examples of suitable hydrocarbon materials include paraffin oil, mineral oil, dodecane, isododecane, hexadecane, isohexadecane, eicosene, isoeicosene, tridecane, tetradecane, polybutene, polyisobutene, and mixtures thereof.
• hydrocarbons selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, isododecane, isohexadecane, polybutene, polyisobutene, and mixtures thereof.
• second oily compounds useful herein include isododecane, isohexadeance, and isoeicosene with tradenames
• the conditioning agents useful herein include silicone compounds.
• the silicone compounds hereof can include volatile soluble or insoluble, or nonvolatile soluble or insoluble silicone conditioning agents.
• soluble what is meant is that the silicone compound is miscible with the carrier of the composition so as to form part of the same phase.
• insoluble what is meant is that the silicone forms a separate, discontinuous phase from the carrier, such as in the form of an emulsion or a suspension of droplets of the silicone.
• Suitable silicone fluids include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyaryl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes, polyether siloxane copolymers, and mixtures thereof.
• nonvolatile silicone compounds having hair conditioning properties can also be used.
• silicone compounds herein also include polyalkyl or polyaryl siloxanes with the following structure (I)
• R is alkyl or aryl
• x is an integer from about 7 to about 8,000.
• A represents groups which block the ends of the silicone chains.
• the alkyl or aryl groups substituted on the siloxane chain (R) or at the ends of the siloxane chains (A) can have any structure as long as the resulting silicone remains fluid at room temperature, is dispersible, is neither irritating, toxic nor otherwise harmful when applied to the hair, is compatible with the other components of the composition, is chemically stable under normal use and storage conditions, and is capable of being deposited on and conditions the hair.
• Suitable A groups include hydroxy, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, and aryloxy.
• the two R groups on the silicon atom may represent the same group or different groups.
• the two R groups represent the same group.
• Suitable R groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, phenyl, methylphenyl and phenylmethyl.
• the preferred silicone compounds are polydimethylsiloxane, polydiethylsiloxane, and polymethylphenylsiloxane. Polydimethylsiloxane, which is also known as dimethicone, is especially preferred.
• the polyalkylsiloxanes that can be used include, for example, polydimethylsiloxanes. These silicone compounds are available, for example, from the General Electric Company in their ViscasilR and SF 96 series, and from Dow Corning in their Dow Corning 200 series.
• Polyalkylaryl siloxane fluids can also be used and include, for example, polymethylphenylsiloxanes. These siloxanes are available, for example, from the General Electric Company as SF 1075 methyl phenyl fluid or from Dow Corning as 556 Cosmetic Grade Fluid.
• highly arylated silicone compounds such as highly phenylated polyethyl silicone having refractive index of about 1.46 or higher, especially about 1.52 or higher.
• a spreading agent such as a surfactant or a silicone resin, as described below to decrease the surface tension and enhance the film forming ability of the material.
• the silicone compounds that can be used include, for example, a polypropylene oxide modified polydimethylsiloxane although ethylene oxide or mixtures of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide can also be used.
• the ethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide level should be sufficiently low so as not to interfere with the dispersibiiity characteristics of the silicone. These material are also known as dimethicone copolyols.
• Other silicone compounds include amino substituted materials. Suitable alkylamino substituted silicone compounds include those represented by the following structure (II) CH 3 R
• R is CH3 or OH
• x and y are integers which depend on the molecular weight, the average molecular weight being approximately between 5,000 and 10,000.
• This polymer is also known as "amodimethicone”.
• Suitable amino substituted silicone fluids include those represented by the formula (III)
• R2 is chosen from the group consisting of hydrogen, phenyl, benzyl, a saturated hydrocarbon radical, preferably an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and A " denotes a halide ion.
• An especially preferred amino substituted silicone corresponding to formula (III) is the polymer known as "trimethylsilylamodimethicone", of formula (IV): CH3 OH
• n and m are selected depending on the exact molecular weight of the compound desired.
• Other amino substituted silicone polymers which can be used are represented by the formula (V):
• R denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl or alkenyl radical such as methyl
• R4 denotes a hydrocarbon radical, preferably a C-
• Q " is a halide ion, preferably chloride
• r denotes an average statistical value from 2 to 20, preferably from 2 to 8
• s denotes an average statistical value from 20 to 200, and preferably from 20 to 50.
• a preferred polymer of this class is available from Union Carbide under the name "UCAR SILICONE ALE 56.”
• references disclosing suitable nonvolatile dispersed silicone compounds include U.S. Patent No. 2,826,551 , to Geen; U.S. Patent No. 3,964,500, to Drakoff, issued June 22, 1976; U.S. Patent No. 4,364,837, to Pader; and British Patent No. 849,433, to Woolston, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Also incorporated herein by reference in its entirety is "Silicon Compounds" distributed by Petrarch Systems, Inc., 1984. This reference provides an extensive, though not exclusive, listing of suitable silicone compounds.
• silicone gum means a polyorganosiloxane material having a viscosity at 25°C of greater than or equal to 1 ,000,000 centistokes. It is recognized that the silicone gums described herein can also have some overlap with the above-disclosed silicone compounds. This overlap is not intended as a limitation on any of these materials. Silicone gums are described by Petrarch, and others including U.S. Patent No. 4,152,416, to Spitzer et al., issued May 1 , 1979 and Noll, Walter, Chemistry and Technology of Silicones, New York: Academic Press 1968.
• silicone gums will typically have a mass molecular weight in excess of about 200,000, generally between about 200,000 and about 1 ,000,000. Specific examples include polydimethylsiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane methylvinyisiloxane) copolymer, polydimethylsiloxane diphenylsiloxane methylvinyisiloxane) copolymer and mixtures thereof.
• silicone resins which are highly crosslinked polymeric siloxane systems.
• the crosslinking is introduced through the incorporation of trifunctional and tetra-functional silanes with mono-functional or di-functional, or both, silanes during manufacture of the silicone resin.
• the degree of crosslinking that is required in order to result in a silicone resin will vary according to the specific silane units incorporated into the silicone resin.
• silicone materials which have a sufficient level of trifunctional and tetrafunctional siloxane monomer units, and hence, a sufficient level of crosslinking, such that they dry down to a rigid, or hard, film are considered to be silicone resins.
• the ratio of oxygen atoms to silicon atoms is indicative of the level of crosslinking in a particular silicone material.
• Silicone materials which have at least about 1.1 oxygen atoms per silicon atom will generally be silicone resins herein.
• the ratio of oxygen:silicon atoms is at least about 1.2:1.0.
• Silanes used in the manufacture of silicone resins include monomethyl-, dimethyl-, trimethyl-, monophenyl-, diphenyl-, methylphenyl-, monovinyl-, and methylvinylchlorosilanes, and tetrachlorosilane, with the methyl substituted silanes being most commonly utilized.
• Preferred resins are offered by General Electric as GE SS4230 and SS4267.
• silicone resins will generally be supplied in a dissolved form in a low viscosity volatile or nonvolatile silicone fluid.
• the silicone resins for use herein should be supplied and incorporated into the present compositions in such dissolved form, as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that the silicone resins can enhance deposition of other silicone compounds on the hair and can enhance the glossiness of hair with high refractive index volumes.
• silicone resin powders such as the material given the CTFA designation polymethylsilsequioxane, which is commercially available as TospearlT from Toshiba Silicones.
• Silicone materials and silicone resins in particular can conveniently be identified according to a shorthand nomenclature system well known to those skilled in the art as the "MDTQ" nomenclature. Under this system, the silicone is described according to the presence of various siloxane monomer units which make up the silicone.
• M denotes the mono-functional unit (CH3)3SiO).5
• D denotes the difunctional unit (CH3)2SiO
• T denotes the trifunctional unit (CH3)SiO ⁇
• Q denotes the quadri- or tetra-functional unit Si ⁇ 2-
• substituents include groups such as vinyl, phenyl, amino, hydroxyl, etc.
• the molar ratios of the various units either in terms of subscripts to the symbols indicating the total number of each type of unit in the silicone, or an average thereof, or as specifically indicated ratios in combination with molecular weight, complete the description of the silicone material under the MDTQ system.
• Higher relative molar amounts of T, Q, T and/or Q' to D, D', M and/or or M' in a silicone resin is indicative of higher levels of crosslinking.
• the overall level of crosslinking can also be indicated by the oxygen to silicon ratio.
• the silicone resins for use herein which are preferred are MQ, MT, MTQ, MQ and MDTQ resins.
• the preferred silicone substituent is methyl.
• Non-volatile solvents Non-volatile solvents useful herein include alkyl alcohols having more than
• polyhydric alcohols useful herein include 1 ,2-propane diol or propylene glycol, 1 ,3-propane diol, hexylene glycol, glycerin, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1 ,2-butylene glycol, and 1 ,4- butylene glycol.
• THICKENING POLYMER 1 ,2-propane diol or propylene glycol, 1 ,3-propane diol, hexylene glycol, glycerin, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1 ,2-butylene glycol, and 1 ,4- butylene glycol.
• compositions may include a thickening polymer.
• Thickening polymers are preferred for hair gel.
• the thickening polymer functions as a viscosity-building agent, and can be distinguished from the fixative polymers mentioned above.
• the thickening polymer will generally comprise from about 0.1% to about 10.0%, and more typically from about 0.2% to about 3.0%, by weight, of the composition.
• Useful thickening polymers herein include crosslinked carboxyvinyl polymers. Preferred among these polymers are the copolymers of acrylic acid crosslinked with polyallylsucrose as described in U.S. Patent 2,798,053, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Examples of these polymers include the carbomers, which are hompolymers of acrylic acid crosslinked with an allyl ether of pentaerythrotol, an allyl ether of sucrose, or an allyl ether of propylene. Other preferred thickening polymers include the cross-linked copolymers of methyl vinyl ether and maleic acid. Examples of these polymers include Stabilezes.
• Preferred carboxyvinyl polymers have a molecular weight of at least about 750,000; more preferred are carboxyvinyl polymers having a molecular weight of at least about 1 ,250,000; most preferred are carboxyvinyl polymers having a molecular weight of at least about 3,000,000.
• thickening polymers useful herein include those that can impart a gel-like viscosity to the composition, such as water soluble or colloidally water soluble polymers like cellulose ethers such as hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydrophobically modified cellulose, and materials such as guar gum, xanthan gum, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl guar gum, starch and starch derivatives.
• water soluble or colloidally water soluble polymers like cellulose ethers such as hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydrophobically modified cellulose
• materials such as guar gum, xanthan gum, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl guar gum, starch and starch derivatives.
• a wide variety of other additional ingredients can be formulated into the present compositions. These include: other conditioning agents such as hydrolyzed collagen with tradename Peptein 2000 available from Hormel, Vitamin E with tradename Emix-d available from Eisai, panthenol available from Roche, panthenyl ethyl ether available from Roche, hydrolysed keratin, proteins, plant extracts, and nutrients; preservatives such as benzyl alcohol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben and imidazolidinyl urea; pH adjusting agents, such as citric acid, sodium citrate, succinic acid, phosphoric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate; salts, in general, such as potassium acetate and sodium chloride; coloring agents, such as any of the FD&C or D&C dyes; hair oxidizing (bleaching) agents, such as hydrogen peroxide, perborate and persulfate salts; hair reducing agents such as the thioglycolates; perfumes; and se
• compositions are identified by chemical or CTFA name, or otherwise defined below.
• Optical brightener 1 disodium-1 ,4-bis(2-sulfostyryl)bisphenyl with tradename Tinopal CBS-X available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals.
• Optical brightener 2 disodium-4,4'-bis ⁇ [anilino-6-bis(2- hydroxyethyl)amino-1 ,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino ⁇ stilbene-2,2'-disulfonate with tradename Tinopal UNPA-GX available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals.
• Optical brightener 3 2-(4-styryl-3-sulfophenyl)-2H-naphto[1 ,2-d]triazole with tradename Tinopal RBS available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals.
• Optical brightener 4 1-[4-(2-sulfoethylsulfonyl)phenyl]-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-
• Optical brightener 5 1-[4-(2-sulfoethylsulfonyl)phenyl]-3-(3,4-dichloro-6- methyophenyl)-2-pyrazoline
• Ultrahold 8 Copolymer of acrylic acid, ethyl acrylate, and N-t-butyl acrylamide commercially available from BASF.
• Luviskol VA64 Copolymer of vinylprrolidone and vinyl acetate, commercially available from BASF.
• Amphomer LV71 Copolymer of octylacrylamide, alkyl acrylates, butylaminoethyl methacrylate, commercially available from National Starch and Chemical Company.
• Yukaformer R205 Copolymer of methoacryloyl ethyl betaine and alkyl acrylates, commercially available from Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation.
• Carbopol 940 Cross-linked polyacrylic acid, commercially available from B.F.Goodrich.
• Stabileze 06 Cross-linked copolymer of methyl vinyl ether and maleic acid, commercially available from ISP.
• the hair spray products of Examples 1 through 8 are suitably made as follows: Hair fixative polymer is dissolved in a portion of water and ethanoi. In case an anionic fixative polymer such as Ultrahold 8 is used, it is neutralized with aminomethylpropanol in a portion of water and ethanoi. To this is added the remaining components except isobutane/propane blend. The obtained mixture is mixed until homogeneous. Finally, the concentrate thus obtained is packed into an aerosol can with isobutane/propane blend.
• an anionic fixative polymer such as Ultrahold 8
• the hair mousse products of Examples 9 through 16 are suitably made as follows Hair fixative polymer is dissolved in a portion of water. In case an anionic fixative polymer such as Ultrahold Strong is used, it is neutralized with aminomethylpropanol in a portion of water. To this is added the remaining ingredients except isobutane/propane blend. The obtained mixture is mixed until homogeneous. The concentrate thus obtained is packed into an aerosol can with isobutane/propane blend.
• the hair setting gel products of Examples 17 through 24 are suitably made as follows: Carbopol 940 is dissolved in a portion of water. To this is added sodium hydroxide. In a separate container, the remaining components are dissolved in a portion of water. The two premixes are blended with agitation.. Examples 1 through 24 have many advantages. For example, they can be used daily, and provide color alteration, shininess, and UV protection to the hair.

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• 1997
  • 1997-09-17 AU AU44813/97A patent/AU4481397A/en not_active Abandoned
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