EP1006230A1 - Household apparatus, comprising a hydraulic circuit and an opening for accessing said circuit, being normally blocked by movable closure means - Google Patents

Household apparatus, comprising a hydraulic circuit and an opening for accessing said circuit, being normally blocked by movable closure means

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Publication number
EP1006230A1
EP1006230A1 EP99123717A EP99123717A EP1006230A1 EP 1006230 A1 EP1006230 A1 EP 1006230A1 EP 99123717 A EP99123717 A EP 99123717A EP 99123717 A EP99123717 A EP 99123717A EP 1006230 A1 EP1006230 A1 EP 1006230A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plug
temperature
closure means
fluid
sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99123717A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Costanzo Gadini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eltek SpA
Original Assignee
Eltek SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eltek SpA filed Critical Eltek SpA
Publication of EP1006230A1 publication Critical patent/EP1006230A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42—Details
    • A47L15/4214—Water supply, recirculation or discharge arrangements; Devices therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/12—Casings; Tubs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a household apparatus comprising a hydraulic circuit in which a fluid is present during the apparatus operation, said fluid being susceptible of reaching potentially dangerous temperatures, where an opening is provided for accessing to said circuit, being normally closed by movable closure means.
  • laundry wash machines usually provide for a filter housed along the hydraulic circuit of the machine, which is apt to intercept any foreign items eventually present in the washing liquid, such as small objects forgotten with the clothes to be washed, or fabric filaments, buttons, and so on.
  • washing machines are normally fitted with movable closure means on their front side, usually consisting of a threaded plug that can be unscrewed manually by the user, to have access to the seat of said filter, and then proceed to the filter removal and cleaning.
  • the washing liquid contained in the hydraulic circuit of a washing machine is capable of reaching high temperatures, at times up to 90°C; to this purpose, the machine comprises proper liquid heating means, usually consisting of electric heaters being activated during said phases.
  • the plug cannot be opened unless a tool is used, such as a proper wrench or screwdriver; however, also these solutions not only cause an uncomfortable plug removal, but do not completely avoid the above risks for an inattentive or incautious user removing the plug itself while high temperature liquid is still present inside the appliance.
  • a safety plug for a household pressurized steam apparatus is also known; in this case the plug consists of a closure element apt to be screwed on an orifice of the steam container and of an external housing which can be actuated by the user manually; the safety plug also comprises a membrane, which is movable under the pressure of the steam inside the container.
  • the membrane In a first position, when pressurized steam is in the container, the membrane is apt to stop the mechanical connection between the closure element and the external housing, so that the closure element cannot be unscrewed from the orifice, even if rotating the external housing; in a second position, i.e. when the pressure inside the container is low or there is no pressure, the mechanical connection between the closure element and the external housing is ensured by the membrane, so allowing for the complete plug removal.
  • the above solution entails a manufacturing complexity for the safety plug, which must consist of several parts, being mechanically associated and movable between them, and of an elastic membrane, which may be subject in time to failures or loss of its functional features. Moreover, if on one hand said solution avoids the risk for an individual of being invested by a steam jet, on the other hand it does not fully prevent the risk - after the plug removal - of a contact with the liquid still at high temperature, i.e. potentially dangerous.
  • the present invention has the aim of solving the above drawbacks and provide a household apparatus comprising an hydraulic circuit and at least an opening for the access to said circuit, having simple, low-cost and reliable safety means, being capable of application in various situations, which are apt to warrant the highest safety for the user, hindering the user from removing the closure means to the access opening when the fluid in the hydraulic circuit has a temperature being higher than a determined threshold.
  • number 1 indicates as a whole a household apparatus according to the present invention which, in the given example, is a laundry washing machine;
  • the laundry washer 1 comprises inside a hydraulic circuit, along which a filter housed in a proper seat is provided, which is apt to intercept foreign items eventually contained in the washing liquid, as mentioned at the beginning of the present description;
  • the machine comprises heating means for the washing liquid, consisting for example of one or more heaters, whose activation is controlled in a known manner, such as by means of a timer, a liquid level sensor inside the washing tub and a thermostat.
  • the housing seat of the filter is located on the front of the machine cabinet 1, and has a threading 2A apt to receive a plug 3, directly accessible to the user, which forms the closure means for the seat 2.
  • the plug 3 represented in a side view in Fig. 2, comprises a body 4 made of one piece only, preferably in a thermoplastic material resisting to high temperatures, and therefore highly cost- effective; the body 4 has a flanged portion 4A on the front, from the back of which a cylindrical threaded portion 4B is departing, apt for its screwing in the threading 2A of the seat 2.
  • a protrusion 3A is defined, being visible in Figs. 1, 4 and 8, which is apt for allowing the manual screwing and unscrewing of the plug 3 in the seat 2; moreover, sealing elements can be provided at the base of the cylindrical threaded portion 4B and/or in contact with the rear surface of the flanged portion 4A, such as a ring gasket, not represented in the figures for simplicity's sake.
  • a shaped housing 5 is defined within the cylindrical portion 4B; a thermal actuator or thermoactuator, indicated as a whole with 6, is inserted in a first portion of such a housing 5, whereas a slider 7 is inserted in a second portion of the housing 5, whose base 7A has substantially the shape of a parallelepiped, with a cylindrical pin 7B departing from its center.
  • number 8 indicates a through hole, putting the second portion of the housing 5 in which the slider 7 is inserted in communication with the outside of the cylindrical threaded portion 4B of the plug 3; as it can be seen in Figs. 2, 4 and 5, the end of the cylindrical pin 7B is inserted in such a hole 8.
  • Number 9 indicates an elastic element, consisting of a spiral spring inserted on the cylindrical pin 7B; as it can be seen in Figs. 3, 4 and 5, the spring 9 operates between the base 7A of the slider 7 and a surface of the second portion of the housing 5, so as to maintain the slider 7 in a backward position, i.e. with the end of the pin 7B within the overall dimensions of the cylindrical threaded portion 4B of the plug 3.
  • thermoactuator 6 comprises a body or housing 10 made from a thermally conductive material; by way of example, the housing 10 can be made from metal and have a quadrangular section (in particular 6 x 6 mm) or round section (in particular 6 mm diameter).
  • the housing 10 has an aperture AA on one of its lengthwise ends and a chamber 11 delimited inside it, having for example a cylindrical section; such a chamber 11 contains a temperature expansible material C, in particular a wax.
  • Number 12 indicates a shaft or pusher, for example made from stainless steel, partially inserted in the housing 10 though the aperture AA: as it can be seen, a portion of the pusher 12 is directly embedded in the material C, whereas the opposite portion of the pusher 12 comes out of the housing 10.
  • Numbers 13 and 14 indicate two seats, delimited in an area close to the aperture AA of the housing 10 by respective cylindrical enlargements of the chamber 11; the seat 13, more inside the housing 10 with respect to the aperture AA, has a greater vertical development with respect to the seat 14.
  • a rigid washer 15 and an elastic gasket or cylindrical bushing 16 are inserted, in the order, in the seat 13;
  • the washer 15 is preferably made from a metallic material, such as brass, whereas the bushing 16 is preferably made from PTFE, or Teflon®, or a similar elastic material.
  • a washer 17 is inserted, preferably made from metal, such as brass, having a larger diameter with respect to the washer 15; the lower washer 15 rests on the shoulder delimited between the seat 13 and the chamber 11, whereas the upper washer 17 rests on the shoulder delimited between the seat 13 and the seat 14.
  • the shoulder delimited between the seat 13 and the seat 14 has a funnel shaped flaring, having the function of facilitating the achievement, during the assembly, by the components 15 and 16 of the relevant seat 13;
  • the top washer 17 has a double flaring, i.e. it is beveled along its circumference on both faces; besides facilitating its insertion within the aperture AA, such a double flaring of the washer 17 has a double function of allowing, on one hand, its exact coupling with the shoulder flaring delimited between the seats 13 and 14, and guiding, on the other hand, the end distortion of the housing 10 where the aperture AA is laying for the exact mechanical coupling with it; such end of the housing 10 is submitted in fact to a riveting operation during manufacture of the thermoactuator 6.
  • the double flaring of the washer 17 allows for its easy assembly during an automated machining process, since no particular orientation is required for it; it is obvious that the sealing means 16 may also be more than one and have such shapes and/or materials differing from the ones previously mentioned by way of example.
  • the top washer 17 is housed in a first seat 14 different from the second seat 13, wherein at least a radial sealing element 16 operates on the pusher 12 and also the washer 15 is inserted, while washers 15 and 17 are delimiting an exactly well defined housing area for the sealing element 16.
  • thermoactuator 6 may be deprived of the shoulder between seats 13 and 14, though warranting the required operating features described above.
  • thermoactuator 6 important practical effects for the manufacture of the thermoactuator 6 concerning operation of the bushing 16 are also determined by the presence of the lower washer 15.
  • a lower washer 15, acting as a lower supporting means for the bushing 16 allows an exact delimitation of the seat wherein the bushing itself should operate, also warranting a wide rest surface; finally, the lower washer 15 is acting as a further guiding means for the pusher 12.
  • thermoactuator 6 Operation of the thermoactuator 6 is quite simple.
  • the expansible material C contained in the chamber 11 expands, whereby such an expansion causes a linear displacement of the pusher 12 towards the outside of the housing itself; when the heat transmission to the housing 10 decreases, the expansible material C shrinks and let the pusher 12 to gradually return to its initial rest position, under the action of an elastic element.
  • the plug 3 shown therein is represented in its rest position, i.e. in a position where the pusher 12 of the thermoactuator 6 is fully backward; in such a situation then the pin 7A is positioned within the overall dimensions of the cylindrical threaded portion 4B of the plug 3.
  • Such a rest condition is typical whenever the plug 3 has already been removed from the seat 2 of Fig. 1, or though it is still inserted in such a seat, the hydraulic circuit of the machine 1 has no liquid left with a temperature higher than a determined threshold: in such a situation, then, the plug 3 can be freely loosened or screwed on in the seat 2.
  • the plug 3 is screwed in its seat 2 and the hydraulic circuit of the washing machine 1 of Fig. 1 contains some liquid having a temperature higher than a safety threshold, such as 45° C; to this regard it will be noticed that the portion of the plug 3 which is actually inserted in the aperture 2, i.e. the portion bearing means 6-9 is practically in constant contact with the liquid contained in the hydraulic circuit of the machine 1.
  • a safety threshold such as 45° C
  • thermoactuator 6 The temperature of such a liquid causes the housing 10 of the thermoactuator 6 to be heated, so determining a volume expansion of the material C; as a result, a movement of the pusher 12 towards the outside of the chamber 11 will ensue.
  • the movement of the pusher 12 causes a thrust on the base 7A of the slider 7 such as to win the force of the spring 9 and cause the end of pin 7B to exit the hole 8 in the cylindrical threaded portion of the plug 3.
  • the locking condition of the plug 3 in the seat 2 is maintained as long as the temperature of the housing 10 containing the thermoactuator 6, i.e. the temperature of the fluid in contact with the plug 3, does not go below the predetermined threshold value of 45°C, i.e. a temperature allowing the material C to shrink and the pusher 12 to go back inside the housing 10 and the chamber 11; such a return is obtained through a backing of the slider 7 to the initial position of Figs. 3-5, as determined by the thrust produced by the spring 9.
  • the predetermined threshold value of 45°C i.e. a temperature allowing the material C to shrink and the pusher 12 to go back inside the housing 10 and the chamber 11; such a return is obtained through a backing of the slider 7 to the initial position of Figs. 3-5, as determined by the thrust produced by the spring 9.
  • thermoactuator 6 in particular a wax, and/or its quantity, or the mutual position of the various components, are properly chosen according to requirements and consequently to the temperature threshold value over which it is desired to inhibit an opening of the plug 3; in other terms, it is obvious that different temperature values may be predetermined, either higher or lower than 45° C as indicated by way of example, simply changing the type or quantity of the material C, or changing either the position or working point of the thermoactuator 6.
  • the actuation means sensing the fluid temperature in the hydraulic circuit of the household appliance may differ from the ones previously described by way of example; to this purpose, proper sensor-actuator elements made from shape-memory alloys or bi-metallic elements may be used instead of the thermoactuator 6, which we capable of changing their own external configurations and then determine either a direct or indirect locking of the plug 3, when coming in contact with a fluid that has a higher temperature than the predetermined safety threshold.
  • Figs. 10 and 11 show by way of example a first possible variant embodiment of the present invention, where the plug 3 is employing a shape-memory alloy element, instead of the thermoactuator 6; in these figures the same reference numbers used in the previous figures indicate technical equivalent elements.
  • sensor-actuator elements made from shape-memory alloys are already known as such, they do not require here any further detailed description; it should only be schematically stated that the material used for their manufacture is plastically deformed during its low temperature stage (martensitic condition), being then apt to go back to its own original shape when heat is applied to it.
  • shape-memory alloys are thermal-sensitive alloys, capable of operating directly both as sensors and actuators.
  • the plug 3 of the household apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a shape-memory alloy element instead of the thermoactuator 6 shown in the previous figures; in the example, said element in shape-memory alloy is indicated with 6A and has the shape of a spiral spring.
  • the shape-memory alloy element 6A represented in Fig. 10 is inserted in the first portion of the shaped housing 5 and can be pressed in a cold condition by the spring 9; therefore, the situation illustrated in Fig. 10 indicates a rest position for the plug 3, i.e., when in the hydraulic circuit of the household apparatus according to the present invention there is no fluid having a temperature higher than the deforming temperature pre-set for the element 6A.
  • the shape-memory element 6A is apt to expand and overcome the force of the spring 9, getting back to its predefined shape, when heat is applied to it; as a result, should the liquid in the hydraulic circuit of the household apparatus reach a higher temperature than such a distortion temperature, then the element 6A will expand and overcome the force of the spring 9.
  • the expansion of the element 6A causes the slider 7 to move, so that the end of the pin 7B comes out of the portion 4B, through the passage 8, with a consequent locking of the plug 3 in its relevant seat of the household apparatus, substantially as already described above.
  • Figs. 12 and 13 represent a second possible variant embodiment of the present invention, where the plug 3 utilizes a bi-metallic element instead of the thermoactuator 6 or of the shape-memory alloy element 6A; also in these figures the reference numbers used in the previous figures indicate technical equivalent elements.
  • bi-metallic elements are known as such and do not require here a detailed description; it should only be remembered that they are generally obtained using a lamina consisting of two thin foils made from different metals having different expansion coefficients from each other: when heat is applied, the lamina will bend because the foil with a higher expanding capacity, i.e. the one capable of greater expansion, forms an arch with respect to the foil having a smaller expansion, such a lamina deformation being then apt to cause an actuation; therefore, as it can be seen, also bi-metallic elements are both sensing and actuating means at the same time.
  • a bi-metallic lamina 6B is provided for the plug 3, instead of the actuator 6 or the element 6A illustrated in the previous figures.
  • a second housing 5A is defined in the portion 4B of the plug 3, wherein said bi-metallic lamina 6B is located; as it can be appreciated, one end of such a housing 5A has a seat 5B, substantially shaped like an "L", wherein an end portion of the lamina 6B is constrained.
  • Figs. 12 and 13 show how in this instance the slider 7 has a base 7A', wherein an intermediate groove 7A'' is delimited, which is apt to receive the free end portion of the bi-metallic lamina 6B.
  • Fig. 12 shows the rest position of the plug 3, i.e. when in the hydraulic circuit of the household apparatus according to the present invention there is no liquid having a temperature higher than a predetermined distortion threshold of the bi-metallic lamina 6B; as it can be seen with reference to Fig. 12, under such a condition the lamina 6B is flexed or bent to the right, to keep the pin 7B within the overall dimensions of the portion 4B of the plug 3.
  • the safety means may be associated to the aperture 2, instead of being directly integrated inside the plug 3.
  • a housing seat for the thermoactuator 6 is provided, being in hydraulic communication with the fluid to be controlled, and the pusher 12 is apt to cause a direct locking of the plug 3;
  • the portion of the plug 2 inserted in the aperture 2 may be provided with a suitable groove, which is apt to receive the end of the pusher 12 when the latter is in its working position, so as to prevent the plug removal.
  • the pusher 12 will have a suitable striker for an elastic element, such as a spiral spring, apt to cause the backing of the pusher itself towards its respective rest position when the fluid temperature decreases below the safety threshold.
  • a locking pin may be provided also for such an embodiment, which is contrasted by a spring and actuated by the pusher for locking the plug instead of using the pusher 12 directly to that purpose.
  • a shape-memory alloy element as previously indicated with 6A, or a bi-metallic element as previously indicated with 6B may be housed, to act as a sensor-actuator means in-lieu of the thermoactuator 6 for direct or indirect locking of the plug 3, under a potential danger condition; obviously, other suitable sensor-actuator means may also be used to that purpose.
  • a household apparatus comprising an hydraulic circuit wherein during operation of the apparatus a fluid is present, said fluid being capable of reaching potentially dangerous temperatures; an opening 2 is provided for access to said circuit, being normally closed by movable closure means, such as a manually operable plug 3.
  • a sensor-actuator device 6 or 6A or 6B is provided, which is directly sensitive to the fluid temperature and can be actuated as a function of said temperature, apt to prevent the opening of the plug 3 when the fluid has a temperature higher than a predetermined threshold, and to allow the opening of a plug 3 when the fluid has a temperature below said predetermined threshold.
  • the sensor-actuator device can be integrated in a portion of the body 4 of the plug 3, or housed in a seat associated to the aperture 2.
  • Such a sensor-actuator device may consist of an shape-memory alloy element 6A or a bi-metallic element 6B, or still a thermoactuator 6 comprising a container delimiting an internal chamber 11, apt for containing a material C whose volume increases or decreases depending on the temperature of said container, said temperature being determined by the temperature of the fluid being present in the hydraulic circuit.
  • closure means 3 described above may have a different coupling system with their respective seat 2, such as a bayonet joint, instead of being threaded.
  • closure means of the seat 2 do not necessarily need to be completely removable, since they may also be hinged or constrained to a side sliding with respect to the seat 2.
  • the function of the locking pin 7A may be obtained directly through the pusher 12 of the thermoactuator 6, which will be longer than that represented in the annexed figures and have a striker for a spring having similar functions as for the spring indicated with 9 in the figures.
  • the plug described above can be perfectly applied on household appliances using fluids other than liquids, such as gas or aeriform in general, without requiring any modifications to their structure; therefore, as it will be appreciated, the plug can be used on steam household apparatuses, where its portion 4B should only be capable of coming in contact with the steam and not necessarily with the water generating it.
  • the present invention has been described with particular reference to a laundry washing machine, even if it is also applicable on other household apparatuses, for example in combination with hydraulic circuits including water tanks or boilers for steam generating systems, which usually provide for filling and/or cleaning plugs, as normally employed on cooking apparatuses, automatic beverage machines, irons and steam ironing machines, sterilizers, steam jet cleaning machines, etc..
  • the side of the base 7A of the slider 7 oriented towards the flanged portion 4A of the plug 3 could be colored and face over a transparent zone of the front surface of such a flanged portion 4A: thus, the working condition of the plug 3 could be detectable through the positioning of the colored side of the slider with respect to said transparent zone.
  • an electric switch could be provided near the seat 2 and activated by the movement of the slider 7, such as being apt to control the lighting of a special warning light, located on the control panel of the household appliance, signaling the plug working condition; such an electric switch may be utilized for sending an electric signal to the control system of the household appliance, for example used by the control system itself for verifying the correct operation of the household appliance.
  • FIG. 1 may also be related to the mechanical locking system of the plug 3, which could eventually differ from the one described by way of example using a straight movable slider to that purpose; in this frame, said mechanical system may comprise for example at least a locking element actuated under an angular or rotary motion by the sensor-actuator means 6, or 6A or 6B.
  • the chamber 11 of the thermoactuator 6 may contain a liquid or temperature expansible fluid, instead of a wax.
  • covering means can be provided over the housings of the various components 6-9, such as a lid made from a thermally conductive material in contact with the sensor-actuator element employed (6 or 6A or 6B), so that the latter may in any case detect the temperature of the fluid to be controlled.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Temperature-Responsive Valves (AREA)
EP99123717A 1998-12-01 1999-11-30 Household apparatus, comprising a hydraulic circuit and an opening for accessing said circuit, being normally blocked by movable closure means Withdrawn EP1006230A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT1998TO000211U IT245939Y1 (it) 1998-12-01 1998-12-01 Apparato elettrodomestico, comprendente un circuito idraulico ed unaapertura di accesso a detto circuito, normalmente occlusa da mezzi di
ITTO980211U 1998-12-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1006230A1 true EP1006230A1 (en) 2000-06-07

Family

ID=11416575

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99123717A Withdrawn EP1006230A1 (en) 1998-12-01 1999-11-30 Household apparatus, comprising a hydraulic circuit and an opening for accessing said circuit, being normally blocked by movable closure means

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1006230A1 (it)
IT (1) IT245939Y1 (it)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017212373A1 (en) * 2016-06-08 2017-12-14 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Household appliance external component as well as household appliance with such a household appliance external component

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2125938A (en) * 1982-01-27 1984-03-14 Eltek Srl Thermoelectric valves
EP0374862A1 (en) * 1988-12-21 1990-06-27 MERLONI ELETTRODOMESTICI S.p.A. Steam generator for cooking oven with much simplified maintenance
DE29610724U1 (de) * 1995-08-25 1997-02-06 Reutter Heinrich Auf einem Behälterstutzen befestigbarer Verschlußdeckel

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2125938A (en) * 1982-01-27 1984-03-14 Eltek Srl Thermoelectric valves
EP0374862A1 (en) * 1988-12-21 1990-06-27 MERLONI ELETTRODOMESTICI S.p.A. Steam generator for cooking oven with much simplified maintenance
DE29610724U1 (de) * 1995-08-25 1997-02-06 Reutter Heinrich Auf einem Behälterstutzen befestigbarer Verschlußdeckel

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017212373A1 (en) * 2016-06-08 2017-12-14 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Household appliance external component as well as household appliance with such a household appliance external component

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITTO980211V0 (it) 1998-12-01
IT245939Y1 (it) 2002-03-26
ITTO980211U1 (it) 2000-06-01

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