EP1005313B1 - An absorbent article, such as a diaper or an incontinence guard - Google Patents

An absorbent article, such as a diaper or an incontinence guard Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1005313B1
EP1005313B1 EP98908356A EP98908356A EP1005313B1 EP 1005313 B1 EP1005313 B1 EP 1005313B1 EP 98908356 A EP98908356 A EP 98908356A EP 98908356 A EP98908356 A EP 98908356A EP 1005313 B1 EP1005313 B1 EP 1005313B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
article
flaps
longitudinal
absorbent body
edges
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98908356A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1005313A1 (en
Inventor
Eva Fransson
Peter Rönnberg
Anders Gustafsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Essity Hygiene and Health AB
Original Assignee
SCA Hygiene Products AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SCA Hygiene Products AB filed Critical SCA Hygiene Products AB
Publication of EP1005313A1 publication Critical patent/EP1005313A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1005313B1 publication Critical patent/EP1005313B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
    • A61F13/494—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers characterised by edge leakage prevention means
    • A61F13/49473—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers characterised by edge leakage prevention means the edge leakage prevention means having a continuous closed form, e.g. circle, ellipse, rectangle
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an absorbent article, such as a diaper or an incontinence guard, having a front-part, a rear-part and an intermediate crotch-part and including an absorbent body enclosed between an outer, liquid-impermeable casing sheet and an inner liquid-permeable casing sheet and longitudinally extending flaps located on respective sides of the longitudinal, symmetry axis of the article and extending transversely to said axis and comprising longitudinally extending elastic elements that extend along those edges of the flaps that face towards said longitudinal symmetry axis, wherein the absorbent body is divided into a central part and two side-parts by means of folding indications at least in the crotch part of said article, wherein said folding indications extend mutually divergently to the side-edges of the absorbent body on respective sides of the longitudinal symmetry axis of said article in front and rear sections thereof.
  • an absorbent article such as a diaper or an incontinence guard, having a front-part, a rear-part and an
  • An absorbent article of this kind is known from SE-C2-502 548.
  • the purpose of the longitudinally extending side-flaps is to impede the lateral flow of urine along the inner casing sheet of the article, and to prevent the wearer's skin coming into contact with excretement. Because the absorbent body is curved by virtue of the contraction of the elastic threads that extend along the edges of the flaps, a collecting volume is formed between the inner casing sheet and the inner surfaces of the flaps.
  • the object of the present invention is to increase this collecting volume to reduce the risk of lateral leakage when a person wearing the absorbent article lies on his/her side, and to reduce the risk of the side-flaps blocking the entrance of said collecting volume.
  • the width of the flaps in their narrowest part will be smaller than 2 cm, while the width of the main-part of the absorbent body in its narrowest section located in the crotch-part will be at most 60% of the total width of the article in this section thereof, wherein the width of the flaps in their respective narrowest parts is smaller than half the width of the main-part of the absorbent body in its narrowest section located in the crotch-part.
  • the article will also preferably include longitudinal elastic elements which extend along the side-edges of the article, at least in the crotch-part, on respective sides of the longitudinal symmetry axis of the article, so as to form so-called leg elastic, wherein when the article is held flat with the elastic elements stretched, the transverse distance between the outer limitation of the elastic elements that form said leg elastic and the inner limitation of the longitudinal elastic elements along the edges of the side-flaps in the narrowest part of said flaps is smaller than 3.5 cm.
  • the longitudinal flaps in front and rear sections of the front and rear parts of the article extend longitudinally up to the longitudinal symmetry axis of the article and are joined together in these sections.
  • the inner and the outer casing sheets extend beyond the absorbent body around the whole of its perimeter and are joined together at said parts which lie outside the absorbent body.
  • the side-flaps will extend beyond the side-edges of the outer casing sheet and will include the longitudinally extending elastic elements that form leg elastic, and fastener devices which enable the side-edges of said article in said front and rear parts to be fastened together and therewith impart a pants-like configuration to said article.
  • the side-flaps also extend longitudinally along the full length of the article.
  • the folding indications will preferably have a width of at least ⁇ 2 times the thickness of the absorbent body.
  • Figures 1-3 illustrate a first embodiment of an inventive diaper or incontinence guard.
  • Figure 1 shows the diaper in a flat state, i.e. with the elastic elements stretched, said diaper being held in this state during manufacture and prior to being packeted.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show the diaper in a relaxed state, i.e. in the state assumed by the diaper when removed from its packet and before being placed on a diaper carrier.
  • the illustrated diaper includes an absorbent body 1 which is divided into a main-part 2 and two side-parts 3, 4, which are separated from the main-part by folding indications.
  • the folding indications have a curved shape, such that the main-part 2 will obtain an hourglass configuration.
  • the absorbent body 1 is comprised of air-laid cellulose fluff, although it may, of course, be made of any absorbent material that is used in the manufacture of absorbent bodies in diapers or incontinence guards.
  • the absorbent body may be comprised of one or more layers and may or may not include so-called superabsorbents.
  • the absorbent body 1 is enclosed conventionally between an outer casing sheet 5 of liquid-impermeable material, such as polyethylene plastic, and an inner, liquid-permeable casing sheet 6, which is preferably comprised of nonwoven fabric.
  • the outer and inner casing sheets may, of course, be comprised of material other than polyethylene and nonwoven fabric respectively.
  • the casing sheets 5, 6 extend beyond the absorbent body 1 around the whole of its perimeter and are joined together at those parts which lie outside said absorbent body.
  • the folding indications between the side-parts 3, 4 and the main-part 2 of the absorbent body 1 are obtained by separating the parts 3, 4 from the main-part 2 by means of a gap in which the casing sheets 5, 6 are joined together.
  • these folding indications may be provided in other ways, e.g. by forming compression strings.
  • Elastic elements 7, 8 extend along respective longitudinal edges of the diaper.
  • the elastic elements 7, 8 of the illustrated embodiment are comprised of three prestretched or tensioned elastic threads mounted between the casing sheets 5, 7 and fastened thereto.
  • elastic ribbons or like devices can be used instead of threads, and the number of elements in the diaper may vary.
  • the diaper also includes flexible flaps 9, 10 that extend along the longitudinal edges of the diaper. These flaps are joined to the casing sheets 5, 6 along the longitudinal edges of the diaper and extend in over the inner casing sheet 6.
  • the flaps 9, 10 are narrowest in the crotch-part 11 and extend from a point in said crotch-part towards respective front-part 12 and rear-part 13 while increasing successively in width in towards the longitudinal symmetry axis A-A of the diaper.
  • the flaps 9, 10 reach the longitudinal symmetry axis A-A at points slightly inwardly of the front and rear parts respectively, and extend from these points at a constant width up to the front-end and rear-end of the diaper respectively.
  • the flaps are joined together at these areas of constant width and thereby form a hole-embodying top sheet.
  • Elastic threads or elastic tapes 14, 15 are fastened to the flaps 9, 10 along the curved sections of their inner longitudinal edges.
  • the diaper also includes conventional fastener devices 16-19 for fastening together the side-edges of the front and the rear diaper parts, so as to obtain a diaper of pants-like configuration or for fastening the side-edges with the aid of a waist belt or like device.
  • the fastener devices may be adhesive or mechanical.
  • the fastener devices are intended to coact with a waist belt and are fastened to the outer casing sheet and folded-in over the flaps 9, 10.
  • All of the elastic devices 7, 8, 14 and 15 are mounted in a stretched or tensioned state. These devices will thus strive to contract from their stretched state to a relaxed state. In the relaxed or non-loaded state of the diaper, arises when a diaper is removed from its packet, the elastic devices 7, 8, 14, 15 will contract and therewith pucker the flexible sheets 5, 6, 9, 10 to which they are fastened. As the flaps 9, 10 contract, the main-part 2 of the absorbent body 1 will curve and the side-parts 3, 4 of the absorbent body and the parts of the casing sheets 5, 6 that lie outside the main-part 2 of said absorbent body will fold upwards, i.e. so that those parts of the inner casing sheet that cover the inner surface of the side-parts 3, 4 will face towards each other.
  • the stiffness or rigidity of the absorbent body 1 is such that the spring force exerted by the elastic devices will essentially only deform the body 1 by bending. This can readily be achieved by appropriate compression of a cellulose fluff body or with the aid of a multi-layer body whose bottom layer is comprised of a stiffer material, which may or may not be an absorbent material.
  • FIGS 2 and 3 show the diaper of Figure 1 in a relaxed state.
  • contraction of the flaps 9, 10 and associated bending or curving of the main-part 2 of the absorbent body 1 will cause the top sheet formed by said flaps to extend above and at a distance from the absorbent body 1.
  • the diaper is stretched slightly from the state shown in Figures 2 and 3, therewith increasing the spring force in the elastic elements.
  • the elastic elements will therewith press the curved edges of the flaps 9, 10 resiliently against the wearer's body and the longitudinal edges of the diaper against the wearer's thighs.
  • the major part of the curvature of the main-part 2 of said body will, however, remain after having placed the diaper on the wearer, and the main-part of said diaper will be spaced from the wearer's body, in addition to said ends.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the diaper shown in Figure 1, and illustrates the narrowest section of the main-part 2 in the crotch-part of said diaper.
  • the main-part 2 is located furthest from the flaps 9, 10 in this section.
  • the folding indications will have a width which is equal to or greater than ⁇ 2 times the thickness of the absorbent body 1. This configuration will be maintained when putting on the diaper, provided that the width of the crotch of the diaper carrier coincides with the width of said main-part 2.
  • the main-part 2 is dimensioned for a mean crotch-width value in the category of user for which the diaper is intended.
  • the crotch width of small children will normally lie between 3 to 4 cm, and in the case of adults between 4 to 7 cm.
  • the angle ⁇ between the main-part 2 of the absorbent body and the side-parts 3, 4 of an applied diaper will therefore deviate to a relatively small extent from a right angle in the case of a standing wearer. Larger angular deviations may occur, however, as the wearer moves his/her legs.
  • the width of the flaps must not be excessive in said crotch-part.
  • the flaps will preferably not have a greater width than 2 cm at the place of the narrowest section of the main-part 2 of said absorbent body 1 in the crotch-part.
  • the width of the main-part of the absorbent body in its narrowest section located in the crotch-part should be at most 60% of the total width of the diaper or absorbent article in this section, so as to achieve suitable bending or curving of the main-part and therewith hold the main-part distanced from the wearer's body over a major part of the length of said main-part of the absorbent body.
  • the elastic elements 14, 15 in the flaps 9, 10 are intended to press the flaps sealingly against the wearer's body and therewith prevent urine or excretement from coming into contact with that side of the flaps which lies against the wearer's body. It has been observed that an effective sealing function is achieved when the elastic elements of the flaps in the crotch-region are located in the wearer's groins. Such positioning prevents sideways movement of the flaps in the crotch-region, irrespective of the external forces to which the diaper may be subjected as the wearer moves.
  • the leg elastic 7, 8 shall also be located in the vicinity of the wearer's groins in order to achieve an optimal sealing function.
  • the smallest distance between the outer limitations of the leg elastic 7, 8 and the inner limitations of adjacent flap elastic 14 and 15 respectively shall not exceed 3.5 cm when the diaper is held flat. This positioning of the leg and flap elastic respectively will thus provide a double sealing function against sideways leakage at the narrowest section of the diaper.
  • Figure 4 shows a second embodiment of an inventive diaper.
  • the sole differences of the diaper shown in Figure 4 and that shown in Figures 1-3 is that the flaps 20, 21 of the Figure 4 embodiment have parts that extend beyond the longitudinal edges of the casing sheets, that the leg elastic 22, 23 extends in these parts, and that the fastener devices 24-27 are fastened in said parts.
  • the diaper is constructed in the same way as the aforedescribed diaper in other respects, and those components of the Figure 4 embodiment that find correspondence in the embodiment shown in Figures 1-3 have been designated in Figure 4 the same reference signs to which a prime has been added.
  • This embodiment is beneficial from the aspect of manufacture, since all elastic is disposed on one single sheet that can be applied to the remainder of the diaper in a final stage of manufacture.
  • the flaps are made of a skin-friendly material, which may or may not be liquid-permeable.
  • the flaps will preferably be comprised of an air-permeable material.
  • An SMS material i.e. a three-ply nonwoven material that includes a sheet of meltblown-nonwoven between two sheets of spunbond-nonwoven is an example of suitable material in this respect.
  • Hydrophobic spunbond-nonwoven material is another example of material that can conceivably be used as flap material.
  • the broadest parts of the flaps may have a width smaller than half the width of the diaper, or may have an other arcuate shape so as not to reach the longitudinal symmetry axis but to terminate in the end-edges of the diaper.
  • the absorbent body may have a shape different to the illustrated rectangular shape in a flat state. It is also conceivable to manufacture the side-parts of the absorbent body from a material different to the main-part, and the side-parts need not necessarily be absorbent, even though this is preferred.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
EP98908356A 1997-02-28 1998-02-11 An absorbent article, such as a diaper or an incontinence guard Expired - Lifetime EP1005313B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9700730 1997-02-28
SE9700730A SE512762C2 (sv) 1997-02-28 1997-02-28 Absorberande artikel, såsom en blöja eller ett inkontinensskydd
PCT/SE1998/000233 WO1998037839A1 (en) 1997-02-28 1998-02-11 An absorbent article, such as a diaper or an incontinence guard

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1005313A1 EP1005313A1 (en) 2000-06-07
EP1005313B1 true EP1005313B1 (en) 2002-12-18

Family

ID=20405977

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98908356A Expired - Lifetime EP1005313B1 (en) 1997-02-28 1998-02-11 An absorbent article, such as a diaper or an incontinence guard

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US6328724B1 (xx)
EP (1) EP1005313B1 (xx)
JP (1) JP2001513669A (xx)
KR (1) KR20000070529A (xx)
CO (1) CO4930346A1 (xx)
DE (1) DE69810306T2 (xx)
DK (1) DK1005313T3 (xx)
PL (1) PL335206A1 (xx)
RU (1) RU2203643C2 (xx)
SE (1) SE512762C2 (xx)
WO (1) WO1998037839A1 (xx)
ZA (1) ZA981486B (xx)

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US7772455B1 (en) 1997-11-14 2010-08-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Disposable article providing improved management of bodily exudates
SE9802166L (sv) * 1998-06-17 1999-07-19 Sca Hygiene Prod Ab Förfarande och anordning för att fästa barriärflikar till ett ytskikt för absorberande artikel samt ytskikt med barriärflikar för absorberande artikel
US6503233B1 (en) * 1998-10-02 2003-01-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article having good body fit under dynamic conditions
US6716204B1 (en) 1998-10-28 2004-04-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent article with improved feces containment characteristics
JP2000288016A (ja) * 1999-04-07 2000-10-17 Kao Corp 吸収性物品
JP3510159B2 (ja) 1999-06-29 2004-03-22 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 体液処理物品
JP3691292B2 (ja) * 1999-06-29 2005-09-07 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 便処理用の使い捨てパッド
JP3550056B2 (ja) * 1999-09-16 2004-08-04 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 使い捨ておむつ
JP3541157B2 (ja) * 2000-02-18 2004-07-07 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 使い捨ておむつ
US6878139B2 (en) 2000-10-05 2005-04-12 Kao Corporation Disposable diaper including lateral side cores
TW595464U (en) * 2000-12-28 2004-06-21 Kao Corp Disposable diaper
US8043275B2 (en) 2001-12-19 2011-10-25 Kimberly Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent garment with dual containment flaps
US20040002690A1 (en) * 2002-07-01 2004-01-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Disposable absorbent article having elasticized outer leg cuff
US8333749B2 (en) 2003-05-20 2012-12-18 Dsg Technology Holdings Ltd. Disposable absorbent article with regions of varying elasticity
US7160280B2 (en) * 2004-02-13 2007-01-09 Brenda Lee Bailey Diaper with segregated reservoir
US6926702B1 (en) 2004-03-04 2005-08-09 Lisa Diane Crislip Wilkinson Diaper with legs
US7591811B2 (en) 2004-03-04 2009-09-22 Lisa Diane Crislip Wilkinson Diaper with legs
US7794441B2 (en) 2004-04-14 2010-09-14 The Procter & Gamble Company Dual cuff for a unitary disposable absorbent article being spaced away from backsheet
US20050234411A1 (en) * 2004-04-14 2005-10-20 The Procter & Gamble Company Dual cuff for a unitary disposable absorbent article made of a continuous cuff material
KR100865953B1 (ko) * 2004-09-13 2008-10-30 더 프록터 앤드 갬블 캄파니 소변 투과성 커버시트를 구비한 흡수용품
MX2007007456A (es) * 2004-12-23 2007-08-15 Sca Hygiene Prod Ab Articulo absorbente.
US20060137079A1 (en) * 2004-12-29 2006-06-29 Goodrich Kellie M Calibrated fastener system
JP4766654B2 (ja) * 2005-01-28 2011-09-07 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 使い捨て着用物品
JP4870365B2 (ja) * 2005-02-23 2012-02-08 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 生理用ナプキン
US8652116B2 (en) * 2005-09-30 2014-02-18 The Procter & Gamble Company Preferential bend structure and articles containing said structure
JP4951281B2 (ja) 2006-06-23 2012-06-13 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 使い捨ての排泄物処理用品
EP1897521A1 (en) * 2006-09-05 2008-03-12 The Procter and Gamble Company Absorbent articles with elasticated topsheet with reduced leakage
JP5140374B2 (ja) * 2007-10-09 2013-02-06 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 吸収性着用物品およびその製造方法
US20100100008A1 (en) * 2008-10-16 2010-04-22 Zofia Chciuk Substance Detecting Diaper
US8277426B2 (en) * 2009-09-30 2012-10-02 Wilcox Heather J Male urinary incontinence device
DE102010052264A1 (de) * 2010-11-23 2012-05-24 Paul Hartmann Ag Gefalteter Inkontinenzartikel
SG193248A1 (en) * 2011-03-25 2013-10-30 Procter & Gamble Article with nonwoven web component formed with loft-enhancing calender bond shapes and patterns
US9545713B2 (en) 2011-06-29 2017-01-17 Ingersoll-Rand Company Power tools with housings having integral resilient motor mounts
US9610203B2 (en) 2013-03-22 2017-04-04 The Procter & Gamble Company Disposable absorbent articles
EP3058915B1 (en) 2015-02-17 2018-11-07 The Procter and Gamble Company Absorbent cores for absorbent articles
EP3058916B1 (en) 2015-02-17 2018-01-31 The Procter and Gamble Company Package for absorbent articles forming a three-dimensional basin
EP3058911B1 (en) 2015-02-17 2018-11-07 The Procter and Gamble Company Absorbent articles forming a three-dimensional basin
EP3058912B1 (en) 2015-02-17 2018-11-07 The Procter and Gamble Company Absorbent articles forming a three-dimensional basin
EP3058910B1 (en) 2015-02-17 2019-04-10 The Procter and Gamble Company Absorbent articles forming a three-dimensional basin
BR112018008215B1 (pt) 2015-10-30 2022-04-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc Artigo absorvente com canais e elementos elásticos de conformação

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US4795452A (en) * 1987-09-23 1989-01-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent article having cantilevered cuff members
JP3130367B2 (ja) * 1992-04-17 2001-01-31 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 使い捨てオムツの肌当て上面シートに弾性開口部を形成する方法
JP2757931B2 (ja) * 1993-05-26 1998-05-25 株式会社日本吸収体技術研究所 テープレス形吸収体製品およびその製造方法
FR2707482B1 (fr) * 1993-07-12 1995-09-29 Peaudouce Article d'hygiène absorbant jetable à double barrière d'étanchéité et procédé de fabrication.
SE502419C2 (sv) * 1993-12-13 1995-10-16 Moelnlycke Ab Blöja
SE502548C2 (sv) * 1994-03-18 1995-11-13 Moelnlycke Ab Absorberande artikel, såsom en blöja, innefattande sidobarriärer i form av längsgående flikar förbundna med ett inre vätskegenomsläppligt höljeskikt
US6222092B1 (en) * 1995-08-28 2001-04-24 Paragon Trade Brands, Inc. Absorbent garment with top sheet impediment to liquid flow
US6254583B1 (en) * 1997-01-31 2001-07-03 Tailored Technologies, Inc. Reusable and protective underwear having improved containment properties and improved fit and construction methods thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9700730L (sv) 1998-08-29
DK1005313T3 (da) 2003-03-31
SE512762C2 (sv) 2000-05-08
SE9700730D0 (sv) 1997-02-28
KR20000070529A (ko) 2000-11-25
DE69810306D1 (de) 2003-01-30
PL335206A1 (en) 2000-04-10
EP1005313A1 (en) 2000-06-07
DE69810306T2 (de) 2003-10-02
RU2203643C2 (ru) 2003-05-10
CO4930346A1 (es) 2000-06-27
JP2001513669A (ja) 2001-09-04
ZA981486B (en) 1998-08-17
US6328724B1 (en) 2001-12-11
WO1998037839A1 (en) 1998-09-03

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