EP1004844B1 - Aktivschutzvorrichtung für Fahrzeuge oder Strukturen - Google Patents

Aktivschutzvorrichtung für Fahrzeuge oder Strukturen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1004844B1
EP1004844B1 EP99402750A EP99402750A EP1004844B1 EP 1004844 B1 EP1004844 B1 EP 1004844B1 EP 99402750 A EP99402750 A EP 99402750A EP 99402750 A EP99402750 A EP 99402750A EP 1004844 B1 EP1004844 B1 EP 1004844B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
protection device
charges
projectile
panel
active protection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP99402750A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1004844A1 (de
Inventor
Alain Kerdraon
Jean Paul Toussirot
Michel Vives
Gérald Lefebvre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
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Giat Industries SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Publication of EP1004844A1 publication Critical patent/EP1004844A1/de
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Publication of EP1004844B1 publication Critical patent/EP1004844B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/007—Reactive armour; Dynamic armour

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of active protection devices for a wall, in particular a wall of a vehicle.
  • This device includes an explosive sheet arranged between two metal plates.
  • Such shielding is insufficiently effective against projectiles arrows or against the nuclei generated by nucleus generating charges (CGN).
  • the duration of interaction between the projected plate and the arrow is too short so that it can see its piercing capacity sufficiently reduced.
  • CGN nuclei generated by explosives
  • the protection modules are first of all too heavy because they use large masses of explosives and multiple armor plates.
  • the reactive shields known by FR2436361 are more particularly intended to provide protection against charges formed. However, they are now ineffective. against so-called “tandem” charges (described for example by FR2577037). Indeed these charges include a rear main load associated with a small front load whose function is to initiate reactive armor before the arrival of the rear load or even to pierce a hole in the reactive armor without initiating it which will allow a passage of the jet of the main charge without disturbances.
  • the protection device according to the invention is lighter and more compact than known devices, which authorizes its installation on weak vehicles armored and on turrets.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a protection device active of a wall, in particular of a wall of a vehicle, comprising at least one shaped charge having a direction of action substantially parallel to or inclined relative to to the wall of the vehicle as well as detection means ensuring the initiation of the charge formed in response to the arrival of a projectile, a device characterized in that it has at least four shaped charges arranged in at minus a case, each charge formed being placed on the side of a quadrilateral.
  • the housing can contain four dihedral shaped charges forming a quadrilateral and having converging directions of action.
  • the directions of action of the charges formed may be inclined relative to the wall of the vehicle and oriented towards the outside of the vehicle.
  • the detection means may include at least one panel comprising at least two closed electrical contacts by the impact of a projectile.
  • the detection means may also include four independent contact panels, each panel commanding the initiation of a dihedral charge different.
  • the detection means may include at least one panel incorporating at least one conductive cable broken by the impact of a projectile.
  • the detection means may understand at least two cables broken by the impact of a projectile, each cable being arranged so as to go alternately from a first edge of the panel to a second edge parallel to the first by making a coverage of the panel by a network of lines substantially parallel to each other, the lines of the network consisting of a first cable being perpendicular to those of the network constituted by a second cable so as to form a grid area of the panel surface.
  • the detection means can then also include a control system that measures the resistance of the detection cables, so as to locate the point of impact of the projectile on the panel, and which controls the initiation of the dihedral load closest to the point of impact.
  • delay means may be provided to ensure after the initiation of a instructs the initiation of other charges in sequence.
  • the active protection device is characterized in that the housing contains at least four charges formed cylindrical, each load being placed on the side of a quadrilateral and the directions of action of the charges being inclined relative to the wall of the vehicle.
  • the invention ensures protection against projectiles with shaped charge, in particular projectiles with charges formed in “tandem”.
  • the device according to the invention may include at least two boxes and the detection means may include at least one electromagnetic or optical central sensor, sensor connected to a calculation means which determines the direction approach the projectile and its speed and which controls the initiation of at least one charge from one of the boxes.
  • a device for active protection comprises at least one box 1 parallelepiped which is fixed to a wall 2 of the vehicle by lugs link 3 removable.
  • the case will preferably be made light alloy or a composite material which may also provide a splinter-proof function.
  • the housing 1 includes an internal housing closed by a cover 1a, fixed to the body of the case by means of fixing not shown (such as screws). It contains four dihedral shaped charges 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d which are arranged along the inner edges of the case and cover each substantially the entire length of an edge of the housing, the dihedral charges thus forming a quadrilateral.
  • the directions of action 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d of the different loads are converging towards the interior of the quadrilateral that they define.
  • Each formed charge 4 comprises a coating 5 applied on an explosive block 6 (for example in octolite).
  • the explosive is initiated by a priming relay 7 (for example in hexocire) itself initiated by a primer integrated into a security and arming 8.
  • the indices a, b, c and d have been given to different components of each dihedral charge.
  • the charge 4a comprises an explosive 6a, initiated by a cord 7a, itself connected to a safety device and 8a.
  • a security and arming device (or DSA) 8 is shown schematically in Figure 7. It includes a shutdown of pyrotechnic chain 9 which can slide by the action of motor means 10 and which is held in the safety position by a latch 11 of which the erasure is controlled by a clock system 12 of the type known (electronic or mechanical). DSA 8 contains also an electrical initiation primer 13 which is connected to an electronic firing control system 14 including an energy source such as a battery (the source energy may also be external to the DSA). This last is shown schematically in the figures in the form a box 14 secured to a lower face of the case 1.
  • the primer 13 is intended to initiate the ignition cord 7, one end of which therefore enters the DSA.
  • the watch system will advantageously be controlled by the electronic system 14 which may include a button push-button 31 for manually arming the various DSA after the installation of the box on the vehicle.
  • the electronic system 14 may include a button push-button 31 for manually arming the various DSA after the installation of the box on the vehicle.
  • We may also provide a means 32 for receiving orders from remote control (by radio for example) which will allow switch the various components at will and from a distance DSAs from a safe position to an armed position or Conversely.
  • the electronic control system 14 receives a signal firing trigger which is provided by means of detection 16.
  • the detection means 16 comprise four independent detector panels 17a, 17b, 17c and 17d.
  • the detector panels are arranged inside the box 1 and are therefore protected from external constraints by the cover of the housing.
  • these panels may be submerged in the material of the lid.
  • the cover will have a thickness chosen so that the panels cannot be triggered by a shock inadvertent or by the impact of a small caliber projectile.
  • FIG 4 shows schematically a particular embodiment a detection panel 17.
  • This panel comprises a first sheet 18 for example of aluminum and a second sheet 19 also made of aluminum.
  • the two sheets are electrically isolated from each other by a sheet of plastic material 20 (for example polyethylene).
  • Each sheet is connected by a conductor 21,22 to the system control electronics 14. The latter is thus connected to the conductive sheets of the 4 panels 17a, 17b, 17c and 17d.
  • the conductive sheets and the insulating sheet are located torn. This results in establishing contact between the electrical contacts formed by the sheets 18 and 19.
  • the electronic control system 14 detects this contact and locates the panel in question.
  • the other two charges 4 will then be initiated and in sequence after a predetermined delay depending on the threat and in the range of 10 to 100 microseconds.
  • the delay will preferably be an electronic delay integrated into the control system 14. It can be pre-programmed or programmed during the installation of the device or programmed as a result of detection of a particular threat.
  • each DSA 8 incorporates a control system room 14 which includes a source of electrical energy and possibly electronic security and the means 32 of reception of the arming remote control command.
  • each panel 17a, 17b, 17c and 17d will be connected to a single DSA 8a, 8b, 8 or 8d respectively.
  • the detection of a projectile impact on a panel will cause the initiation of the dihedral load associated with the panel.
  • Primer 13 also causes the initiation of a cord pyrotechnic delay 15 (for example a pentrite cord or a pyrotechnic composition with delay of the type of that described by patent FR2650586 and associating tungsten / barium chromate and potassium perchlorate) which connects the various DSAs and ensures from the initiation of a single primer 13, the initiations in sequences of the four dihedral loads.
  • the strings will defined to ensure delays between each charge initiation on the order of 10 to 100 microseconds.
  • FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of a detection means 16.
  • This means comprises a single panel 21 which incorporates two continuous two-wire conductor cables 22 and 23 glued to panel 21.
  • the cable 22 goes alternately from a first edge 24 of the panel 21 to a second edge 25 parallel to the first thus achieving coverage of the panel by a network of lines 26 substantially parallel to each other.
  • the cable 23 goes alternately from an edge 27 of the panel 21 up to an edge 28 parallel to the first, thus achieving coverage of the panel by a network of lines 29 substantially parallel to each other and perpendicular to lines 26 of the first network.
  • a grid of the panel surface is thus constituted by the two cables 22 and 23.
  • the ends of the two cables 22 and 23 are connected to the electronic control system 14 which comprises means allowing a measurement of resistance or conductivity electrical cables.
  • System 14 provides resistance measurement electrical cables 22 and 23. At the time of rupture this resistance is modified (reduced), the projectile ensuring a fleeting short circuit of the two cables at the level from the point of impact.
  • the system 14 will deduce therefrom the dihedral load 4 which is finds the closest to the point of impact. This one will initiated first, the other three charges will then be triggered in sequence by electronic delay or of a pyrotechnic delay as described previously.
  • the cover 1a is dimensioned so as to be able to withstand the impacts of small caliber projectiles (the cover will for example a light alloy or composite thickness of the order of 5 at 10mm).
  • the detection system of the protection will only be activated by the impact of a projectile high energy kinetics such as an arrow or a nucleus of charge formed.
  • the impact of such a kinetic projectile is detected by a detection device panels.
  • the impact will be located in a of the four quadrants of the housing (4-panel detector of the figure 4) or in the vicinity of one of the dihedral loads (detector according to figure 5).
  • the dihedral load closest to the point of impact or well the one that is arbitrarily associated with one of the panels detection is then initiated. It generates with a delay very low compared to impact detection (from the order of ten microseconds) a dihedral jet which intercepts the kinetic projectile.
  • the other three dihedral shaped charges are initiated sequentially with delays of the order of 10 to 100 microseconds.
  • the different jets impact the kinetic projectile and cause it to be cut into sections and destabilized. This which greatly reduces its perforating efficiency with respect to the wall of the vehicle.
  • a single dihedral charge is sufficient to destabilize a formed charge core. Tests have thus could demonstrate that a hollow charge 35 mm in diameter (100 g explosive) could cut a charge nucleus formed of 80 mm long and animated with a speed of 2400 m / s.
  • the protection device according to the invention is thus very effective against kinetic projectiles while not using only a reduced mass of explosive (of the order 400 g for a case of dimensions: 200mm x 200mm). he is light and can therefore be placed on the roof of a vehicle to protect it from attack ammunition in overview.
  • Figure 2 shows an alternative embodiment of such protection system, variant in which the four dihedral charges 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d have their directions of action 30a, 30b, 30c and 30d inclined relative to the wall 2 of the vehicle and oriented towards the outside of the vehicle.
  • FIG. 3a A second embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 3a and 3b.
  • This mode is more particularly intended to protect a vehicle against warheads military charge formed and especially the tandem charge heads. It differs from previous in that the dihedral charges are replaced by small cylindrical shaped charges 33 (about 40 mm caliber) arranged in the vicinity of the internal walls of the box 1.
  • the charges formed 33 are arranged in four rows 34a, 34b, 34c and 34d, each row being associated with one of the internal walls 35a, 35b, 35c and 35d of the housing 1.
  • Loads 33 of a single row are all parallels between them and the directions of action of different charges formed (axes of charges formed) are inclined relative to the wall 2 of the vehicle.
  • Tracks of attack plans for rows of charges 34a and 34c are represented by lines 36a and 36c on the figure 3b (and are confused with the directions of action charges 33 visible in FIG. 3b).
  • the different planes of attack intersect outside of case 1 and at a distance of the cover 1a from the latter of the order of 1 load rating formed.
  • row 34a has four charges while the facing row 34c has none than three.
  • row 34d has four charges while row 34b has three.
  • the different charges are initiated by strings delay 15, themselves initiated by a primer arranged in a security and arming 8.
  • An electronic control system 14 ensures the initiation of the different charges in response to an order of firing provided by detection means 16 arranged at distance from the housing.
  • the electronic control system 14 will be provided with a means 32 for receiving remote control orders which will ensure also receipt of the firing order issued by the detection means 16.
  • They may include one or more radar detectors and / or one or more optical detectors, they will include also calculation means making it possible to determine the velocity of the projectile and deduce from it the moment of initiation optimal for shaped loads.
  • the detection means 16 control the initiation of the device at the optimum instant protection.
  • the initiation time is determined using of calculation algorithms according to the measured speed for the projectile and the distance from the wall at which this one is found.
  • the initiation of the charges formed is caused at an instant such that the detected projectile located at a distance from the housing between 0.5 m and 2 m.
  • the electronic control system will initiate the different rows of loads formed in sequence. All loads formed from a single row will be initiated simultaneously, the other rows being initiated successively with initiation delays of around 20 at 50 microseconds.
  • Such a protective device is only effective if the projectile has a trajectory bringing it into the area efficiency of the case.
  • FIGS 6a and 6b thus show an armored vehicle 37 which has several protective boxes 1.
  • Lateral optical barriers can be provided 42 in the form of sensor strips (infrared or diodes laser). These bars will detect the approach of projectiles attacking the vehicle laterally (direction of detection 44). Sensors detecting the approach of the projectile provide localization of the attack direction of this one. A central computer that coordinates the different detection means will deduce therefrom the active box or boxes which must be initiated.
  • the protection device according to the invention may well obviously be adapted to the wall of a fixed structure, such a building, a hangar, a mobile unit (such as a communications relay).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Vorrichtung zum aktiven Schutz einer Wandung, insbesondere einer Wandung eines Fahrzeuges, mit wenigstens einer geformten Ladung (4, 33), die eine in Bezug auf die Fahrzeugwandung nahezu parallele oder leicht geneigte Wirkungsrichtung (30, 36) aufweist, sowie mit Erfassungsmitteln (16), die das Auslösen der geformten Ladung in Abhängigkeit von der Ankunft eines Projektils gewährleistet, wobei die Vorrichtung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass sie wenigstens vier geformte Ladungen (4, 33) umfasst, welche in wenigstens einem Gehäuse (1) angeordnet sind, wobei jede geformte Ladung an der Seite eines Vierecks angeordnet ist.
  2. Vorrichtung zum aktiven Schutz nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (1) vier geformte V-förmige Ladungen (4) umschließt, die ein Viereck bilden und konvergierende Wirkungsrichtungen besitzen.
  3. Vorrichtung zum aktiven Schutz nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wirkungsrichtungen der geformten Ladungen (4) in Bezug auf die Fahrzeugwandung geneigt und in Richtung des Fahrzeugäußeren ausgerichtet sind.
  4. Vorrichtung zum aktiven Schutz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Erfassungsmittel wenigstens ein Feld (17) mit wenigstens zwei elektrischen Kontakten (18, 19) umfassen, die durch den Einschlag eines Projektils geschlossen werden.
  5. Vorrichtung zum aktiven Schutz nach Ansprüche 2 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Erfassungsmittel vier unabhängige Kontaktfelder umfassen, wobei jedes Feld die Auslösung einer anderen V-förmigen Ladung steuert.
  6. Vorrichtung zum aktiven Schutz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Erfassungsmittel (16) wenigstens ein Feld umfassen, das wenigstens ein leitfähiges Kabel (22, 23) integriert, das durch den Einschlag eines Projektils zerstört wird.
  7. Vorrichtung zum aktiven Schutz nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Erfassungsmittel wenigstens zwei durch den Einschlag des Projektils zerbrochene Kabel (22, 23) umfassen, wobei jedes Kabel so angeordnet ist, dass es alternativ von einem ersten Rand des Feldes bis zu einem zweiten, parallel zum Ersten, Rand verläuft, indem eine Abdeckung des Feldes durch ein Netz von nahezu zueinander parallelen Leitungen (26, 29) erzeugt wird, wobei die Leitungen des aus einem ersten Kabel (22) bestehenden Netzes senkrecht zu denen des aus einem zweiten Kabel (23) bestehenden Netzes so verlaufen, dass ein kariertes Muster der Oberfläche des Feldes entsteht.
  8. Vorrichtung zum aktiven Schutz nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Erfassungsmittel (16) ein Steuersystem (14) umfassen, welches eine Messung des Widerstandes der Erfassungskabel (22, 23) gewährleistet, um den Einschlagpunkt des Projektils auf dem Feld zu lokalisieren, und welches die Auslösung der am dichtesten am Einschlagpunkt befindlichen V-förmigen Ladung steuert.
  9. Vorrichtung zum aktiven Schutz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Verzögerungsmittel (15) vorgesehen werden, um nach der Auslösung einer Ladung die Auslösung weiterer Ladungen in Folge zu gewährleisten.
  10. Vorrichtung zum aktiven Schutz nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (1) wenigstens vier zylindrisch geformte Ladungen (33) einschließt, wobei jede Ladung an den Seiten eines Vierecks angeordnet ist und die Wirkungsrichtungen der Ladungen in Bezug auf die Wandung des Fahrzeugs geneigt sind.
  11. Vorrichtung zum aktiven Schutz nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie wenigstens zwei Gehäuse (1) umfasst und dass die Erfassungsmittel (16) wenigstens einen elektromagnetischen oder optischen, zentralen Sensor aufweisen, wobei der Sensor mit einem Mittel zur Berechnung verbunden ist, welches die Richtung der Annäherung des Projektils und seine Geschwindigkeit bestimmt und welches die Auslösung von wenigstens einer Ladung in einem der Gehäuse steuert.
EP99402750A 1998-11-23 1999-11-05 Aktivschutzvorrichtung für Fahrzeuge oder Strukturen Expired - Fee Related EP1004844B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9814748 1998-11-23
FR9814748A FR2786262B1 (fr) 1998-11-23 1998-11-23 Dispositif de protection active d'une paroi de vehicule ou de structure

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1004844A1 EP1004844A1 (de) 2000-05-31
EP1004844B1 true EP1004844B1 (de) 2003-09-03

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EP99402750A Expired - Fee Related EP1004844B1 (de) 1998-11-23 1999-11-05 Aktivschutzvorrichtung für Fahrzeuge oder Strukturen

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US (1) US6327955B1 (de)
EP (1) EP1004844B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69910953T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2786262B1 (de)

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FR2867634B1 (fr) 2004-03-12 2008-07-04 Giat Ind Sa Procede de transmission de donnees et dispositif mettant en oeuvre un tel procede
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Publication number Publication date
DE69910953D1 (de) 2003-10-09
FR2786262A1 (fr) 2000-05-26
US6327955B1 (en) 2001-12-11
EP1004844A1 (de) 2000-05-31
FR2786262B1 (fr) 2001-10-19
DE69910953T2 (de) 2004-05-19

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