EP1004822A1 - Sliding grate assembly for a solid fuel boiler or a similar installation - Google Patents

Abstract

A stepped grate (30) in a solid fuel boiler, combustion furnace or burner works with a rigid grate unit (3) and a movable grate unit (4), lowering in stages from the fuel intake (31) to the ash removal point (32). For a horizontal lift movement backwards and forwards the movable grate unit (4) is arranged on the rigid grate unit (3) or on a common baseplate.

Description

The invention relates to a moving grate arrangement for a Solid fuel boiler, incinerator or burner.

Moving grate systems of incinerators of the aforementioned Kind tolerate a very wide range of fuel choices with regard to particle size, moisture content and flowability. Known moving grate systems are moving grate, Rocking grate and tipping grate. Sliding grates are also suitable for Fuels with a high ash content. For a good burnout can reach the layer height of the fuel with sliding grates on the grate in the course of a burn in some Dimensions are affected.

The object of the invention is to provide a moving grate arrangement for a solid fuel boiler or the like, which is simple and in which in particular the Layer height of the fuel on the grate for an optimal Burnout can be finely influenced or fine-tuned.

The object on which the invention is based is achieved by a moving grate assembly of the type specified in claim 1. The moving grate arrangement is advantageously further developed by the features of claims 2 to 11.

The essence of the invention is the sliding grate arrangement as a step grate with a rigid grate unit and a movable one Form grate unit, the stepped grate in an arrangement in the boiler, furnace or burner from fuel input to Ash discharge drops in stages.

In particular, the movable grate unit is rigid Grate unit or on a common base plate for one essentially horizontal reciprocating movement arranged, and it advantageously has the rigid Grate unit rigid grate elements and the movable grate unit movable grate elements, the ones contacting the fuel from fuel input to ash discharge rigid and movable grate elements in alternating order are arranged, i.e. alternately interlock.

The stroke of the movable grate unit is preferably adjustable.

The moving grate arrangement is particularly designed so that the primary combustion air through an opening from the bottom grate bottom or - Wide side of the top of the step grate or can be supplied to the fuel through grate element slots.

At least some of the grate elements can be replaced individually be designed.

The grate elements advantageously have a cross section Angular shape and have breakthrough-free large horizontal legs across to the fuel delivery direction while the vertical legs of the grate elements at a base of the fixed or movable grate unit attached, in particular plug-in, are.

The base of the rigid or movable grate unit are included Advantage fixed and movable vertically arranged plate-like holding combs, which are preferably used for a plug connection slots open at the top of grate elements.

The movable grate unit can be rotated slowly electric drive motor at least via a rotating one Eccentric, a drive linkage, a swiveling one Crank and one firmly with the movable grate unit connected drivers are driven back and forth.

The drive motor can also be the drive for one Ash removal screw, which is at the ash discharge stretched across.

The drive motor is electrically controlled and enabled in particular an interval operation of a lifting movement of the Step grating and / or a rotary movement of the ash removal screw.

The lower end region of the step grate is expedient from the ash discharge through an essentially vertically arranged one Cross plate cut off.

The entire step grate or parts of the step grate can interchangeable modules.

A particularly simple structure results if all Grate elements are constructed identically.

The grate elements advantageously have a top leading edge angled downwards in the direction of ash discharge on.

The base plate is U-shaped, particularly in a side view formed, being on the base plate or within the U-shaped base plate also arranged the ash discharge or can be included.

Quiet step grate operation is possible if the step grate in particular at least one noise protection or insulation board has, preferably on the front of the boiler.

Due to the movable and rigid grate unit of the Fuel entry to the ash discharge on the upper side in steps sloping step grate, which horizontal contact surfaces for the fuel, but also has vertical stop faces for the fuel, especially due to the grate element thickness the upper horizontal leg of a grate element and by leading edges angled downwards Direction ash discharge, is in the operation of a moving step grate after the direct fuel input practically one continuous movement of the ember bed like on a conveyor belt evoked. Through the aforementioned vertical stop surfaces for the fuel or the level training the ember bed moves towards the ash discharge inevitably in the direction of ash discharge, i.e. not on the Place, as is often the case with known feed grates Case is. The ember bed thickness or layer height of the fuel can thus depending on the (if necessary adjustable) speed the movement of the movable grate elements and (if necessary adjustable) stroke length and / or by regulated Interval operation of the grate drive according to the invention very much can be finely regulated, which enables optimal unwinding becomes. The fuel material travels on the step grate different temperature zones. This is the fuel dried, degassed and finally completely burned. The combustion residues arrive at the end of the step grate in an ash pan with preferably automatic Ash removal through a rotating ash removal screw.

The combustion air (primary air) becomes the fuel from below supplied over a large area or through many slots. This Air flow according to the invention causes a good one Cooling the grate elements, on the other hand preheating the Combustion air, which has a positive effect on the combustion.

Another advantage of the invention is that it is very simple mechanical design of a maintenance-friendly feed grate, where cast links can be dispensed with. An easy one controllable electromotive single drive already on the order of e.g. 0.25 kW drive power ensures already for a reliable rust movement and rotary movement the ash removal screw for continuous operation or an intermittent operation during known designs use complex hydraulic drive technology in this regard have to. The simple drive technology of the invention additionally allows a further reduced construction weight.

Fig. 1

einen Festbrennstoff-Kessel schematisch in einem Vertikalschnitt gesehen von der Seite,

Fig. 2

den Festbrennstoff-Kessel nach Fig. 1 in einer horizontalen Teildraufsicht auf eine Schubrostanordnung nebst Antrieb und Entaschungsschnecke,

Fig. 3

den Antrieb nach Figur 2 in einer schematischen Seitenansicht,

Fig. 4

einen Horizontalschnitt durch die Schubrostanordnung nach Figur 2 nebst Antrieb und Entaschungsschnecke längs der Linie A-A der Figur 5,

Fig. 5

einen schematischen Teil-Vertikalschnitt nach Figur 1 zwecks Darstellung der Schubrostanordnung in größerer Einzelheit,

Fig. 6

einen Schnitt durch die Schubrostanordnung längs der Linie B-B der Figur 5, und

Fig. 7, 8, 9 und 10

perspektivische Teilansichten der Schubrostanordnung nach den Figuren 1 bis 6.

The invention is explained below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings; show it:

Fig. 1

a solid fuel boiler schematically seen in a vertical section from the side,

Fig. 2

1 in a horizontal partial plan view of a moving grate arrangement together with the drive and ash removal screw,

Fig. 3

2 in a schematic side view,

Fig. 4

3 shows a horizontal section through the sliding grate arrangement according to FIG. 2 together with the drive and ash removal screw along the line AA in FIG. 5,

Fig. 5

2 shows a schematic partial vertical section according to FIG. 1 in order to show the sliding grate arrangement in greater detail,

Fig. 6

a section through the sliding grate arrangement along the line BB of Figure 5, and

7, 8, 9 and 10

perspective partial views of the sliding grate arrangement according to FIGS. 1 to 6.

According to the drawing, a solid fuel boiler 40 is in shape a solid-fuel fan burner with automatic stoker screw-chip feed 37 over his entire inner Base area a moving grate arrangement in the form of a driven Step grate 30 with a drive motor 18 and a drive linkage 15, 16 outside the boiler 40.

The step grate 30 is designed as an interchangeable unit and on a common U-shaped in a side view Base plate 1 built, the boiler front leg in close proximity to the boiler fireclay lining 38 from the boiler base to just below the fuel supply 37 is sufficient and its shorter leg 39 behind the boiler also includes the ash discharge 32, in which a Ash removal screw 20 in the area of the height of the boiler base stretched across.

The ash removal screw 20 is driven by the drive motor 18, which also drives the step grate 30.

In particular, the step grate 30 has a rigid grate unit 3 and a movable grate unit 4, which in an arrangement in the boiler 40 from the fuel entry 31 to the ash discharge 32 drops in stages.

The movable grate unit 4 is on the rigid grate unit 3 for an essentially horizontal stroke movement arranged. The rigid grate unit 3 is in turn attached to the base plate 1.

The rigid grate unit 3 has rigid grate elements 5, such as also the movable grate unit 4 movable grate elements 6 has, wherein the fuel contacting from the fuel entry 31 rigid and movable to promote ash removal 32 Grate elements 5, 6 arranged in an alternating order and interlock in sloping steps.

All grate elements 5, 6 are of the same design and have in cross-section angular shape, with large, If necessary, roughened or corrugated horizontal legs 33 transverse to the fuel delivery direction R and vertical leg 34 are provided, which is the fuel entry side are facing.

The one facing the ash discharge side that runs transversely in the boiler Front edge 36 of the horizontal leg located at the top 33 of each grate element 5, 6 is inclined angled below, with a narrow grate element slot 35 for an air passage of primary combustion air L of the bottom of the boiler or the bottom of the broad boiler Fuel remains, which is on the horizontal legs of the Rust elements lies and is promoted.

The vertical legs 34 of the rigid and movable grate elements 5, 6 are in two lateral rigid or movable vertical plate-shaped combs are plugged into slots, then the grate elements 5, 6 together with the associated Holding combs, which by means of cross struts or guide rails 7, 8 are connected to each other, each rigid or form the movable grate unit 3 or 4.

On the base plate 1 or within the U-shaped base plate as already mentioned, the ash discharge 32 is also included, the lower end portion of the step grate 30 from Ash discharge 32 by a substantially vertically arranged Cross plate 2 is separated.

The movable grate unit 4 is slow in operation rotating) electric drive motor 18, a rotating Eccentric 17, a drive linkage 15, 16, a pivotable Crank 13, 14, 19 and a fixed with the movable Grate unit 4 connected carriers 11, 12 horizontally driven reciprocally, the drive motor 18th is electrically controlled and in particular an interval operation a lifting movement of the step grate 30 and / or one Rotational movement of the ash removal screw 20 enables.

The entire step grate 30 is a replaceable module in one Boiler or the like provided. But it can also Parts of the step grate, for example the movable grate unit, or parts of the movable grate unit designed as modules his.

The stroke of the movable grate unit 4 is by changing the effective lengths of the drive linkage 15, 16 or the rocker 3 adjustable or adjustable.

All grate elements 5, 6 are individual wear parts exchangeable with the retaining combs by loosening the plug connection.

The step grate 30 is provided for low-noise operation its front vertical leg of the base plate 1 is a noise protection or insulation plate 21.

The individual components are therefore on an interchangeable, U-shaped carrier plate constructed in the form of a base plate 1. Through the divider 2, the grate area becomes an ash pan severed. The two fixed holding combs are direct attached to the base plate 1 or the support plate. For stiffening and as a mounting support are the two side ones Struts 8 welded between the retaining combs. The two movable holding combs 4 are also a Bracing 9 and the driver elements 11, 12 braced. In addition are the two movable crests 4 as movable Grate unit via two guide strips 10 on the rigid grate unit suspended horizontally. With a horizontal shift the movable grate unit move the two guide strips 10 in two elongated holes 22 of the rigid Holding combs.

By intermittent movement of every second (movable) Rust element 6 becomes a temporarily continuous rearrangement of the ember bed. Thanks to the modular structure is a simple exchange of wear parts up to complete grate system possible.

Claims (11)

Moving grate arrangement for a solid fuel boiler, incinerator or burner,
characterized by a step grate (30) with a rigid grate unit (3) and a movable grate unit (4), which drops in steps in an arrangement in the boiler, furnace or burner from the fuel inlet (31) to the ash discharge (32). Sliding grate arrangement according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the movable grate unit (4) on the rigid grate unit (3) or on a common base plate (1), which is preferably U-shaped in side view, for a substantially horizontal lifting movement is arranged to slide back and forth. Sliding grate arrangement according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the rigid grate unit (3) has rigid grate elements (5) and the movable grate unit (4) has movable grate elements (6), the rigid and movable grate elements (5, 6) which contact the fuel from the fuel inlet (31) to the ash discharge (32) ) are arranged in alternating order. Sliding grate arrangement according to claim 2 or 3,
characterized,
that the stroke of the movable grate unit (4) is adjustable or adjustable. Sliding grate arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that the primary combustion air (L) can be fed through an opening from the step grate underside or broadside through grate element slots (35) to the grate element top or the fuel. Sliding grate arrangement according to one of claims 3 to 5,
characterized,
that the grate elements (5, 6) have an angular shape in cross section and have large horizontal legs (33) with no breakthrough transverse to the fuel delivery direction (R), while the vertical legs (34) of the grate elements (5, 6) at a base of the rigid or movable Grate unit (3, 4) are attached, in particular plug-in, the base of the rigid or movable grate unit (3 or 4) can be fixed or movable vertically arranged plate-like holding combs. Sliding grate arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized,
that the movable grate unit (4) by a slowly rotating electric drive motor (18) at least via a rotating eccentric (17), a drive linkage (15, 16), a pivotable crank (13, 14, 19) and a fixed to the movable Grate unit (4) connected driver (11, 12) can be driven back and forth, wherein the drive motor (18) can also be provided for driving a ash removal screw (20), which extends transversely when ash discharge (32), and / or if necessary, the lower end area of the step grate (30) is separated from the ash discharge (32) by a substantially vertically arranged cross plate (2). Sliding grate arrangement according to claim 7,
characterized,
that the drive motor (18) is electrically controlled and in particular enables an interval operation of a lifting movement of the step grate (30) and / or a rotary movement of the ash removal screw (20). Sliding grate arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized,
that the entire step grate (30) or parts of the step grate are interchangeable modules. Sliding grate arrangement according to one of claims 3 to 9,
characterized,
that all grate elements (5, 6) are constructed identically and / or at least some of the grate elements (5, 6) are individually replaceable and / or. Sliding grate arrangement according to one of claims 3 to 10,
characterized,
that the grate elements (5, 6) on the upper side have a downwardly angled front edge (36) in the direction of ash discharge (32), and that on the base plate (1) or within the U-shaped base plate the ash discharge (32) is also arranged or is recorded, where appropriate the step grate (30) at least one noise protection or. May have insulation board (21).

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