Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
  • C09K23/02—Alkyl sulfonates or sulfuric acid ester salts derived from monohydric alcohols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
  • C11D1/94—Mixtures with anionic, cationic or non-ionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
  • C09K23/22—Amides or hydrazides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
  • C09K23/56—Glucosides; Mucilage; Saponins
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
  • C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
  • C11D1/525—Carboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 contain two or more hydroxy groups per alkyl group, e.g. R3 being a reducing sugar rest
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds

Definitions

• the present invention generally relates to improving the foam stability of liquid detergent compositions containing amphoacetates.
• surfactants have been found to be useful in cleaning compositions, such as shower gels, shampoos, and light-duty detergents such as dishwashing detergents. In these types of compositions, high levels of foam production is a prerequisite.
• anionic surfactants such as alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, sulfonates, sulfosuccinates and sarcosinates.
• surfactant mixtures typically provide a compromise in performance when compared to the performance provided by the individual surfactants if used alone.
• a mixture of more costly surfactants such as amine oxides, betaines and alkanolamides which provide good foamability by themselves, with less expensive surfactants which provide poorer foamability, will result in the formulation of a surfactant composition having an intermediate degree of foamability and poor foam stability.
• the present invention is directed to a surfactant composition having improved foam stability containing: (a) from about 1 to about 40% by weight of a sugar surfactant;
• the present invention is also directed to a process for making a surfactant composition having enhanced foam stability involving: (a) providing from about 1 to about 40% by weight of an anionic surfactant; (b) providing from about 1 to about 40% by weight of a sugar surfactant; (c) providing from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight of an amphoacetate; (d) providing remainder, water, all weights being based on the weight of the composition and (e) combining components (a) -(d).
• sugar surfactants which may be employed in the present invention may be selected from the group consisting of alkyl polyglycosides and polyhydroxy fatty acid amides ("gluca ides”) .
• polyhydroxy fatty acid amides which can be used in the compositions and processes according to the invention correspond to formula I:
• R 1 is H, C 1 -C 4 hydrocarbyl, 2-hydroxy ethyl, 2-hydroxy propyl, or a mixture thereof, preferably C ⁇ C ⁇ alkyl, more preferably C 1 or C 2 alkyl, most preferably C, alkyl (i.e., methyl); and R 2 is a C 5 -C J1 hydrocarbyl moiety, preferably straight chain C 7 -C 19 alkyl or alkenyl, more preferably straight chain C 8 -C 17 alkyl or alkenyl, most preferably straight chain C -C 19 alkyl or alkenyl, or mixture thereof; and Y is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl moiety having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with at least 3 hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative (preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated) thereof.
• Y preferably will be derived from a reducing sugar in a reductive amination reaction; more preferably Y is a glycityl moiety.
• Suitable reducing sugars include glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose, and xylose.
• high dextrose corn syrup, high fructose corn syrup, and high maltose corn syrup can be utilized as well as the individual sugars listed above. These corn syrups may yield a mix of sugar components for Y. It should be understood that it is by no means intended to exclude other suitable raw materials.
• Y preferably will be selected from the group consisting of -CH 2 -(CHOH) n -CH 2 OH, -CH(CH 2 OH)-(CHOH) n . 1 -CH 2 OH, -CH 2 - (CHOH) 2 (CHOR' ) (CHOH) -CH 2 OH, where n is an integer from 3 to 5, inclusive, and R' is H or a cyclic mono- or poly- saccharide, and alkoxylated derivatives thereof. Most preferred are glycityls wherein n is 4, particularly -CH 2 - (CHOH) 4 -CH 2 OH.
• Compounds of the formula I are also known as glucamides.
• polyhydroxy fatty acid amides can be made by reductively aminating a reducing sugar reacting with an alkyl amine to form a corresponding N- alkyl polyhydroxyamine and then reacting the N-alkyl polyhydroxyamine with a fatty aliphatic ester or triglyceride to form the N-alkyl, polyhydroxy fatty acid amide.
• Processes for making polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are disclosed in U.S. patent numbers 1,985,424; 2,965,576; 5,194,639; and 5,334,764, the entire contents of each of which is incorporated herein by reference.
• alkyl polyglycosides which can be used in the invention correspond to formula II:
• Preferred alkyl polyglycosides which can be used in the compositions according to the invention have the formula II wherein Z is a glucose residue and b is zero.
• alkyl polyglycosides are commercially available, for example, as APG®, GLUCOPON®, PLANTAREN® or AGRIMUL® surfactants from Henkel Corporation, Ambler, PA, 19002.
• surfactants include but are not limited to:
• GLUCOPON® 220 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 8 to 10 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.5.
• GLUCOPON® 225 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 8 to 10 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.7.
• GLUCOPON® 600 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 12 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.4.
• GLUCOPON® 625 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 12 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.4.
• APG® 325 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 9 to 11 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.6.
• PLANTAREN® 2000 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 8 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.4.
• PLANTAREN® 1300 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 12 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.6.
• AGRIMUL® PG 2067 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 8 to 10 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.7.
• alkyl polyglycoside surfactant compositions which are comprised of mixtures of compounds of formula I as described in U.S. patents 5,266,690 and 5,449,763, the entire contents of both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
• a particularly preferred alkyl polyglycoside for use in the present invention is one of formula II wherein R, is a monovalent organic radical having from about 12 to about 16 carbon atoms, b is zero, and a is a number having a value of from 1 to about 6, and preferably about 1.6.
• the anionic surfactants which may be employed in the present invention may, for example, be selected from the group consisting of alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates and alkyl benzene sulfonates.
• the alkyl sulfates which may be employed in the present invention correspond to formula III:
• a particularly preferred alkyl sulfate for use in the present invention is sodium lauryl sulfate.
• alkyl ether sulfates which may be employed in the present invention correspond to formula IV:
• R 6 0-(CH 2 CH 2 0) n -S0 3 X (IV) wherein R 6 is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having from about 10 to about 14 carbon atoms, n is a number from 1 to about 4, and X is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal.
• a particularly preferred alkyl ether sulfate for use in the present invention is sodium laureth sulfate having from 1 to 3 moles of ethylene oxide.
• a phoacetates which may be employed in the present invention include, but are not limited to, cocoamphocarboxypropionates , cocoamphoglycinates , cocoa phopropionates , lauroamphocarboxypropionates , lauroamphocarboxyglycinates , lauroamphocarboxypropionic acid, and lauroamphoglycinates.
• a surfactant composition having improved foam stability containing: (a) from about 1 to about 40% by weight, and preferably from about 4 to about 25% by weight, of a sugar surfactant, preferably an alkyl polyglycoside; (b) from about 1 to about 40% by weight, and preferably from about 10 to about 30% by weight, of an anionic surfactant; (c) from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, and preferably from about 0.2 to about 5% by weight, of an amphoacetate; and (d) remainder, water, all weights being based on the weight of the composition.
• a sugar surfactant preferably an alkyl polyglycoside
• an anionic surfactant from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, and preferably from about 0.2 to about 5% by weight, of an amphoacetate
• remainder water
• a process for making a surfactant composition having enhanced foam stability involving: (a) providing from about 1 to about 40% by weight, and preferably from about 4 to about 25% by weight, of a sugar surfactant, preferably an alkyl polyglycoside; (b) providing from about 1 to about 40% by weight, and preferably from about 10 to about 30% by weight, of an anionic surfactant; (c) providing from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, and preferably from about 0.2 to about 5% by weight, of an amphoacetate; (d) providing remainder, water, all weights being based on the weight of the composition; and (e) combining components (a) -(d) to form a surfactant composition having enhanced foam stability.
• Light-duty liquid detergents formulated with the surfactant composition of the present invention are distinguished by excellent cleaning performance associated with their enhanced foam stability properties. Moreover, due to the low levels of amphoacetate used to formulate the compositions, as compared to the higher amounts of amides that typically need to be used in order to obtain similar foam stability, the costs associated with the formulation of light-duty liquid detergents containing a surfactant composition in accordance with the present invention are significantly less.
• a light-duty liquid detergent composition containing from about 1 to about 50% by weight, and preferably from about 10 to about 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the detergent composition, of the above-disclosed surfactant composition.
• Auxiliary ingredients may also be employed in the above-disclosed light-duty liquid detergent composition. Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, builders, foam boosters, emulsifiers, fragrances, and the like. The present invention will be better understood from the examples which follow, all of which are intended for illustrative purposes only, and are not meant to unduly limit the scope of the invention in any way.
• Testing was performed preparing a solution of .12 grams of test formulation and 400 ml of 150 ppm hard water, wherein the solution was heated to a temperature of 110 °F. The solution was contained in a tergotometer which was agitated at 125 rpm until foam was generated. At the end of the foam generation period, the rate of agitation was reduced to, and maintained at, 50 rpm. To this solution there were then added 0.5 gram pellets of the soil, at 30 second intervals, until there was no foam left on the surface.

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• 1998
  • 1998-06-11 WO PCT/US1998/011395 patent/WO1998056496A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1998-06-11 AU AU80567/98A patent/AU8056798A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1998-06-11 EP EP98928872A patent/EP1003605A4/de not_active Withdrawn

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