EP0998423B1 - Industrial truck - Google Patents

Industrial truck Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0998423B1
EP0998423B1 EP98924114A EP98924114A EP0998423B1 EP 0998423 B1 EP0998423 B1 EP 0998423B1 EP 98924114 A EP98924114 A EP 98924114A EP 98924114 A EP98924114 A EP 98924114A EP 0998423 B1 EP0998423 B1 EP 0998423B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lifting device
load lifting
roller body
movable
load
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98924114A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0998423A1 (en
Inventor
Otto Kollmannsberger
Johann Vockinger
Martin Wichmann
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Jungheinrich Moosburg GmbH
Original Assignee
Steinbock GmbH
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Priority to DE29824820U priority Critical patent/DE29824820U1/en
Publication of EP0998423A1 publication Critical patent/EP0998423A1/en
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Publication of EP0998423B1 publication Critical patent/EP0998423B1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66FHOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66FHOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/0755Position control; Position detectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an industrial truck according to the preamble of the claim 1 and an industrial truck according to the preamble of claim 2.
  • the position measuring device has a gear rotatably mounted in a stationary mast part which meshes with the teeth of a row of teeth, which is telescopically adjustable in height relative to the stationary mast part guided movable mast part is formed.
  • an industrial truck with a Position measuring device for determining the lifting height of a height-adjustable Lifting device disclosed.
  • the load handler is from a hydraulic cylinder fed by a hydraulic pump, the hydraulic pump being driven by an electric motor. Of The revolutions are based on a zero position of the load handler the hydraulic pump in one direction of rotation incrementally and recorded in the opposite direction of rotation decrementally and with inclusion the overall efficiency of the lifting system to determine the respective lifting height evaluated.
  • the of the Light diode and the phototransistor light path is formed when rotating the disk alternately released from the edge slots or interrupted by the teeth between the marginal slots, see above that the phototransistor delivers a pulse-shaped electrical signal, its respective pulse number with the angle of rotation of the disc and thus rotatably connected chain gear corresponds, from which Angle of rotation of the chain gearwheel engaged with the lifting chain the respective change in lifting height of the load fork is determined. Since the respective rotation of the chain gear when lifting and lowering the Load fork directly on the length of the chain sprocket deflected chain section depends, cause changes in the Chain length, which often occurs during operation under load, leads to errors when determining the lifting height.
  • the invention has for its object a truck of the beginning Specify the type mentioned, in which the position measuring device with simple Means can be realized inexpensively and yet in a more reliable manner Way provides position measurement results of high accuracy and resolution.
  • This task is based on an industrial truck with the characteristics of the preamble of claim 1 according to the invention by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1 solved. Likewise, the mentioned task by an industrial truck with the features of the claim 2 solved.
  • the reel body can, on the other hand, according to claim 2, in relation to be rotatably arranged on the guide stationary element, with it its circumference on the element movable with the load suspension device is applied in such a way that it moves with the load suspension device movable element is forcibly rotated.
  • the embodiment according to claim 2 has the advantage that the signal lines no movements have to perform and can be laid in a fixed manner.
  • a Forklift is a driver's cabin height adjustable on a main mast arranged, wherein a swivel pushing device is arranged on the driver's cab which is a traversable to the stroke direction of the driver's cab Has additional mast on which the load handler parallel to Lifting direction of the driver's cabin and height-adjustable relative to the driver's cabin is arranged, wherein the load-carrying means further by one to the lifting direction the driver's cab parallel axis pivotable relative to the driver's cabin is.
  • a Reel body with relevant signal generator rotatable on the driver's cab is arranged and can roll on a track on the main mast, that another roller body on one with the load handler for common movement related to the auxiliary mast Element is rotatably arranged and on a track on the additional mast can roll off.
  • the evaluation device can then from the signals of the Signal generator the height positions of the load handler and the Driver cabin relative to the main mast or the height position of the Determine the load handler relative to the additional mast. Further can a reel body with signal generator in a corresponding manner Determination of the lateral thrust of the load handler at the driver's cabin be provided.
  • the forklift 1 is a so-called order picking three-sided stacker.
  • the forklift 1 has a telescopically adjustable length Mast 3 with one in relation to the chassis of the forklift 1 fixed lower mast part 5 and one relative to the lower Mast part 5 extendable or retractable in the vertical direction upper mast part 7, on which a driver's cab 9 adjustable in height is arranged.
  • a driver's cab 9 adjustable in height is arranged at the front of the driver's cab 9 .
  • a swivel push device 11 arranged laterally relative to the driver's cab 9, i. H. in Fig.
  • Has additional mast (additional mast) 13 on which a load suspension device (Fork) 1 5 with its bracket 16 adjustable in height relative to the driver's cabin 9 is performed.
  • the additional mast 13 can be together with the load handling device 15 are pivoted about an axis 17 by approximately 180 °.
  • a roller bearing 18 designed as an incremental angle encoder is arranged, whose rotatable outer ring 19 as a roller body with a roller axis perpendicular to the lifting direction of the upper mast part 7, the Roller body 19 with its circumference on a surface 21 of the lower Mast part 5 abuts, one in the lifting direction of the upper mast part 7 extending path forms on which the roller body 19 at telescopic Displacement of the upper mast part 7 relative to the lower mast part 5 rolls.
  • the roller bearing 18 is attached to the mast part 7, that the roller body 19 is resiliently biased towards its path 21 and is therefore always in contact with the train.
  • Fig. 1 the upper mast part 7 is shown partially extended, while the cabin 9 is in its uppermost position relative to the upper Mast part 7 is shown.
  • the load handling device 15 is located in its lowest position relative to the additional mast 13 and is for 1 side swiveled.
  • the hydraulic Drive means for the elements 7, 9, 11 and 15 are not shown.
  • the evaluation circuit determines the position of the upper counter reading Mast part 7 relative to the lower mast part 5.
  • the evaluation circuit can from the pulses counted per unit of time also the respective Determine the stroke speed, the stroke speed values as Actual values for a stroke speed control, for example, depending relative to the respective position of the upper mast part 7 can be used for the lower mast part 5, for example in the Meaning that the lifting speed is reduced in a controlled manner, when the upper mast part 7 reaches its maximum permissible lifting height position or approaching another predetermined position.
  • reference transmitters for the Position measuring device provided.
  • it is proximity sensors 23 and 25, which are attached to the lower mast part 5 are arranged and one on the upper mast part 7 at a predetermined location attached reference transmitter element (Mark) 27 a respective reference signal to the evaluation circuit submit.
  • the evaluation circuit can use the reference signal from Check the position sensor derived from the angle encoder 18 and if necessary correct.
  • the reference value providers can also be used are to calibrate the measuring range of the position measuring device, wherein the upper mast part 7 starting from its lowest basic position is extended so that the reference value transmitter element 27 in succession is guided past the proximity sensors 23 and 25.
  • the evaluation circuit represents the number of 18 from the angle encoder per channel emitted pulses between the occurrence of the first reference signal from the proximity sensor 23 and the occurrence of the second reference signal from the proximity sensor 25 to the respective number of pulses the predetermined distance between the proximity sensors 23 and 25 to normalize so that a very exact assignment between changes in position of the upper mast part 7 and changes in the angle of rotation Roll body 19 can be taken.
  • the sensors 23 and 25 can as inductive proximity sensors, light barrier switches or the like be trained and possibly take on additional functions, as part of an end position detection circuit.
  • a single reference sensor for example the reference sensor 23, get along, for example, at a predetermined distance above the lowest possible position of the reference element 27 is arranged, the the reference element 27 assumes when the upper mast part 7 has completely moved into its lowest basic position.
  • Another Possibility is to use a single reference encoder at over which the reference sensor in question and the reference transmitter element cooperate a predetermined stroke section.
  • FIG. 3 shows an explanation of a further way of referencing lower mast part 5a and a telescopically displaceable relative thereto upper mast part 7a of a length-adjustable mast one Industrial truck according to the invention.
  • the upper mast part 7a is shown in Fig. 3 in a position in which it by a predetermined reference distance r from its lowest possible Rest position is raised.
  • the sensor 23a at the reference distance r changes its output signal when the mast part 7a over the reference path r is moved upwards or again when moving downwards reaches the reference range.
  • Fig. 3 is the upper mast part 7a shown in a snapshot, in which it is a signal change on the Sensor 23a causes. From the signal state of the sensor 23a clearly derived whether the mast part 7a outside the Reference distance range r is and that it is to be lowered in order to its lower end in the reference path area r for referencing contribute.
  • Fig. 3 also shows the possibility that the angle encoder 18a on the fixed mast part is rotatably arranged and set in rotation when the movable mast part 7a moves up or down becomes.
  • Another angle transmitter 18 ′′ corresponding to the angle transmitter 18 ′′ is on an element 16 which is firmly connected to the load suspension device 15 arranged, the associated roller body 19 "on a vertical running path of the additional mast 13 rolls when the load handler 15 is raised or lowered relative to the additional mast 13.
  • the evaluation circuit also evaluates the pulse signals of the latter Angle encoder 18 "and can from the respective angle encoder information the lifting height of the load-carrying means 15 relative to the driver's cab 9 and determine relative to the mast parts 7 and 5.

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Abstract

An industrial lift truck with a load lifting device (15), a device (3, 9, 11) for moving the load lifting device (15) on the lift truck (1) having at least one element (7) that can move, together with the load lifting device (15), along an essentially straight guide (5), and with a position measuring device for monitoring the relative position to the guide (5) of the element (7) movable with the load lifting device (15). The position measuring device has at least one roller body (19) that is arranged on the element (7) that is movable with the load lifting device (15) such that it is capable of rotation and rolls along a path (21) running along the guide (5) when the element (7) moves, whereupon the roller body acts in combination with a sensor which transmits an electric signal as a function of the rotational movement of the roller body to an analysis circuit which evaluates the signal to determine the position of the element (7) that is movable with the load lifting device (15), or the position of the load carrier (15), relative to the guide (5).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Flurförderzeug nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie ein Flurförderzeug nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 2.The invention relates to an industrial truck according to the preamble of the claim 1 and an industrial truck according to the preamble of claim 2.

Derartige Flurförderzeuge mit einer Positionsmeßeinrichtung zur Bestimmung der Position des Lastaufnahmemittels relativ zu einem Bezugspunkt des betreffenden Flurförderzeugs sind aus der EP 0 335 196 A1 bekannt.Industrial trucks of this type with a position measuring device for determination the position of the load handler relative to a reference point of the industrial truck in question are known from EP 0 335 196 A1.

Bei dem Flurförderzeug nach EP 0 335 196 A1 weist die Positionsmesseinrichtung ein in einem stationären Hubmastteil drehbar gelagertes Zahnrad auf, welches mit der Zahnung einer Zahnreihe kämmend in Eingriff steht, die an dem relativ zu dem stationären Hubmastteil teleskopisch höhenverstellbar geführten beweglichen Hubmastteil ausgebildet ist. Bei dem Gegenstand der EP 0 335 196 A1 wird das Konzept des quasi formschlüssigen Antriebs des "Rollenkörpers" aufgegriffen und zu diesem Zweck von einer Zahnrad-Zahnstange-Anordnung Gebrauch gemacht.In the industrial truck according to EP 0 335 196 A1, the position measuring device has a gear rotatably mounted in a stationary mast part which meshes with the teeth of a row of teeth, which is telescopically adjustable in height relative to the stationary mast part guided movable mast part is formed. With the object EP 0 335 196 A1 describes the concept of quasi-positive Drive of the "roller body" picked up and for this purpose by a Gear rack arrangement made use of.

Die Nachteile einer Zahnrad-Zahnreihen-Paarung, wie sie aus der EP 0 335 196 A1 bekannt ist, liegen insbesondere darin, dass die vergleichsweise aufwendige Zahnreihe an dem teleskopierbaren Hubmastteil mit der erforderlichen Präzision präpariert werden muss.The disadvantages of a gear-tooth-row pairing, as described in the EP 0 335 196 A1 is known, in particular, is that the comparative elaborate row of teeth on the telescopic mast part with the required precision must be prepared.

In der DE 195 08 346 C1 ist beispielsweise ein Flurförderzeug mit einer Positionsmeßeinrichtung zur Bestimmung der Hubhöhe eines höhenverstellbaren Lastaufnahmemittels offenbart. Das Lastaufnahmemittel wird von einem von einer Hydraulikpumpe gespeisten Hydraulikzylinder angetrieben, wobei die Hydraulikpumpe von einem Elektromotor angetrieben wird. Von einer Nullposition des Lastaufnahmemittels ausgehend werden die Umdrehungen der Hydraulikpumpe in der einen Drehrichtung inkremental und in der entgegengesetzten Drehrichtung dekremental erfaßt und unter Einbeziehung des Gesamtwirkungsgrads des Hubsystems zur Bestimmung der jeweiligen Hubhöhe ausgewertet.In DE 195 08 346 C1, for example, an industrial truck with a Position measuring device for determining the lifting height of a height-adjustable Lifting device disclosed. The load handler is from a hydraulic cylinder fed by a hydraulic pump, the hydraulic pump being driven by an electric motor. Of The revolutions are based on a zero position of the load handler the hydraulic pump in one direction of rotation incrementally and recorded in the opposite direction of rotation decrementally and with inclusion the overall efficiency of the lifting system to determine the respective lifting height evaluated.

Es ist bei Flurförderzeugen auch bereits vorgeschlagen worden, an dem Hubgerüst für ein Lastaufnahmemittel Näherungsschalter in vorbestimmten Abständen vorzusehen, die auf eine mit dem Lastaufnahmemittel bewegbare Markierung ansprechen, um die jeweilige Hubhöhe des Lastaufnahmemittels zu bestimmen.It has also been proposed for industrial trucks on the Mast for a load handler proximity switch in predetermined To provide distances on a movable with the load handler Address the marking by the respective lifting height of the load handler to determine.

Aus der DE 32 11 486 A1 ist ein Gabelstapler-Fahrzeug mit den eingangs genannten Merkmalen bekannt, bei dem die Positionsmesseinrichtung eine mit radialen Randschlitzen versehene Drehscheibe umfasst, die auf der Welle eines im oberen Bereich des beweglichen Teils des Hubmastes angeordneten Zahnrades sitzt, das zur Umlenkung einer Hubkette für die Lasttraggabel vorgesehen ist. Zur Erfassung der Drehbewegung der Scheibe ist eine optische Sensoranordnung mit einer Leuchtdiode und einem Fototransistor in der Nähe des Randes der Scheibe vorgesehen. Die von der Leuchtdiode und dem Fototransistor gebildete Lichtstrecke wird bei Drehung der Scheibe wechselweise von den Randschlitzen freigegeben bzw. von den zwischen den Randschlitzen befindlichen Zähnen unterbrochen, so dass der Fototransistor ein impulsgeformtes, elektrisches Signal liefert, dessen jeweilige Impulszahl mit dem Drehwinkel der Scheibe und des damit drehfest verbundenen Ketten-Zahnrades korrespondiert, wobei aus dem Drehwinkel des mit der Hubkette in Eingriff stehenden Ketten-Zahnrades die jeweilige Hubhöhenänderung der Lasttraggabel ermittelt wird. Da die jeweilige Drehung des Ketten-Zahnrades beim Heben und Senken der Lasttraggabel unmittelbar von der Länge des dabei jeweils an dem Ketten-Zahnrad umgelenkten Kettenabschnittes abhängt, führen Änderungen der Kettenlänge, wie sie im Betrieb unter Last häufig vorkommen, zu Fehlern bei der Hubhöhenbestimmung. Ein weiterer Nachteil dieser bekannten Lösung besteht darin, dass die Sensorbauteile (Leuchtdiode, Fototransistor, Drehscheibe) am beweglichen Teil des Hubmastes angeordnet sein müssen, da das mit der Drehscheibe verbundene Ketten-Zahnrad funktionsbedingt an dem beweglichen Hubmastteil angeordnet sein muss. Dies bedeutet nicht nur eine bauliche Festlegung, sondern bringt in jedem Fall die bei der Ableitung elektrischer Signale von bewegten Signalgebern auftretenden Probleme mit sich.From DE 32 11 486 A1 is a forklift vehicle with the input Known features known, in which the position measuring device with a rotary disk provided with radial edge slots, which on the Shaft one arranged in the upper area of the movable part of the mast Gear sits, which is used to deflect a lifting chain for the Load fork is provided. To detect the rotating movement of the disc is an optical sensor arrangement with a light emitting diode and a Photo transistor provided near the edge of the disc. The of the Light diode and the phototransistor light path is formed when rotating the disk alternately released from the edge slots or interrupted by the teeth between the marginal slots, see above that the phototransistor delivers a pulse-shaped electrical signal, its respective pulse number with the angle of rotation of the disc and thus rotatably connected chain gear corresponds, from which Angle of rotation of the chain gearwheel engaged with the lifting chain the respective change in lifting height of the load fork is determined. Since the respective rotation of the chain gear when lifting and lowering the Load fork directly on the length of the chain sprocket deflected chain section depends, cause changes in the Chain length, which often occurs during operation under load, leads to errors when determining the lifting height. Another disadvantage of this known The solution is that the sensor components (light-emitting diode, photo transistor, Turntable) must be arranged on the moving part of the mast, because the chain gear connected to the turntable is functional must be arranged on the movable mast part. this means not just a structural definition, but in any case brings the Deriving electrical signals from moving signal transmitters Problems with themselves.

Ebenso ist aus der US-A-5 056 437 eine Positionsmesseinrichtung eines automatischen Lagerungssystems bekannt, bei welcher eine Kodierungsscheibe als Wegstreckenerfassungsmittel durch eine Kette zur Drehung angetrieben wird. Die im Zusammenhang mit der DE 32 11 486 A1 bezüglich einer Kettenlängung erwähnten Nachteile gelten für die US-A-5 056 437 entsprechend.A position measuring device is also known from US Pat. No. 5,056,437 automatic storage system known, in which a coding disc as distance detection means by a chain for rotation is driven. The related to DE 32 11 486 A1 Disadvantages mentioned in chain elongation apply to US-A-5 056 437 accordingly.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Flurförderzeug der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, bei dem die Positionsmeßeinrichtung mit einfachen Mitteln kostengünstig realisierbar ist und dennoch in zuverlässiger Weise Positionsmeßergebnisse hoher Genauigkeit und Auflösung liefert.The invention has for its object a truck of the beginning Specify the type mentioned, in which the position measuring device with simple Means can be realized inexpensively and yet in a more reliable manner Way provides position measurement results of high accuracy and resolution.

Diese Aufgabe wird ausgehend von einem Flurförderzeug mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Ebenso wird die genannte Aufgabe durch ein Flurförderzeug mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 2 gelöst.This task is based on an industrial truck with the characteristics of the preamble of claim 1 according to the invention by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1 solved. Likewise, the mentioned task by an industrial truck with the features of the claim 2 solved.

Bei einem Flurförderzeug in Form eines Hubstaplers handelt es sich bei dem Lastaufnahmemittel üblicherweise um eine Lasttraggabel, die an einem Gabelträger angeordnet und zusammen mit dem Gabelträger an einem Hubgerüst oder Mast vertikal verfahrbar ist. Zur Hubhöhenbestimmung der Lasttraggabel ist der Rollenkörper gemäß Anspruch 1 an dem Gabelträger oder einem damit zur Bewegung längs der Führung verbundenen Element so angeordnet, daß er beispielsweise an einer zur Hubrichtung parallelen Bahn am Hubgerüst abrollt. Die Drehbewegung des Rollenkörpers wird von dem Signalgeber erfaßt, so daß die mit dem Signalgeber verbundene Auswerteschaltung das vom Signalgeber gelieferte elektrische Signal zur Bestimmung der Hubhöhe auswerten kann.In the case of an industrial truck in the form of a forklift truck, it is the Load suspension devices usually around a load fork that is attached to a Fork carrier arranged and together with the fork carrier on one Mast or mast can be moved vertically. To determine the lifting height of the Load fork is the roller body according to claim 1 on the fork carriage or an element associated therewith for movement along the guide arranged so that it is parallel to the stroke direction, for example Rolls web on the mast. The rotational movement of the roller body is from detected the signal generator, so that the evaluation circuit connected to the signal generator the electrical signal supplied by the signal generator for determination can evaluate the lifting height.

Der Rollenkörper kann andererseits gemäß Anspruch 2 an einem in Bezug auf die Führung ortsfesten Element drehbar angeordnet sein, wobei er mit seinem Umfang an dem mit dem Lastaufnahmemittel bewegbaren Element anliegt, derart, dass er bei Bewegung des mit dem Lastaufnahmemittel bewegbaren Elements zwangsweise gedreht wird. Die Ausführungsform nach Anspruch 2 hat den Vorteil, dass die Signalleitungen keine Bewegungen ausführen müssen und dabei fixiert verlegt werden können.The reel body can, on the other hand, according to claim 2, in relation to be rotatably arranged on the guide stationary element, with it its circumference on the element movable with the load suspension device is applied in such a way that it moves with the load suspension device movable element is forcibly rotated. The embodiment according to claim 2 has the advantage that the signal lines no movements have to perform and can be laid in a fixed manner.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist der Rollenkörper Teil eines Wälzlagers, beispielsweise Außenring eines Wälzlagers. Die Verwendung eines Wälzlagers mit integriertem Winkelgeber bietet den Vorteil, daß äußerst geringe Reibungsmomente zu überwinden sind und der Rollenkörper daher ohne nennenswertes Gegenmoment an seiner Rollbahn abrollen kann. Bei Testmessungen hat der Rollenkörper auch nach einer Vielzahl von translatorischen Bewegungsspielen des Lastaufnahmemittels keinen die Reproduzierbarkeit der Meßergebnisse erkennbar beeinträchtigenden Schlupffehler gezeigt. Selbst unter den Bedingungen einer mit einem Schmiermittel verschmutzten Abrollbahn wurden sehr gut reproduzierbare Meßergebnisse erhalten.According to the invention, the roller body is part of a rolling bearing, for example Outer ring of a rolling bearing. The use of a rolling bearing with Integrated angle encoder offers the advantage that extremely low friction moments are to be overcome and therefore the roll body without any noteworthy Counter torque can roll on its runway. For test measurements the reel body also has a variety of translational motion games of the load suspension means none of the reproducibility of the The results of the measurement clearly show impairing slip errors. Self under the conditions of a contaminated with a lubricant Roll-off track very well reproducible measurement results were obtained.

Die Vorteile der Erfindung können auch erhalten werden, wenn der Rollenkörper mittels eines Wälzlagers drehbar an dem mit dem Lastaufnahmemittel bewegbaren Element angeordnet ist.The advantages of the invention can also be obtained when the reel body by means of a roller bearing rotatable on the with the load handler movable element is arranged.

Bei dem Signalgeber handelt es sich vorzugsweise um einen digitalen Winkelsensor, der als Inkrementalgeber ausgebildet ist, wobei die Auswerteschaltung eine Zählschaltung enthält, die die von dem Winkelsensor nach Maßgabe der Drehwinkeländerung des Rollenkörpers abgegebenen Impulse zählt. Vorzugsweise ist der inkrementale Winkelgeber wenigstens zweikanalig ausgebildet, so daß er bei Drehung des Rollenkörpers zwei vorzugsweise um 90° phasenversetzte Zählimpulssignale abgibt. Die Auswerteschaltung wertet die Zählimpulssignale aus, um die Drehrichtung des Rollenkörpers festzustellen und in Abhängigkeit von der Drehrichtung eine Aufwärtszählung bzw. Abwärtszählung der Zählimpulse von wenigstens einem der Zählimpulssignale vorzunehmen. Bei Anheben des Lastaufnahmemittels erfolgt beispielsweise Aufwärtszählung, wohingegen beim Absenken des Lastaufnahmemittels Abwärtszählung vorgenommen wird, so daß der jeweils aktuelle Zählstand zur Hubhöhenbestimmung herangezogen werden kann. Die Auswerteschaltung kann dahingehend ausgelegt sein, daß sie die beiden phasenversetzten Zählimpulssignale aus Sicherheitsgründen redundant auswertet, um etwaige Meßstörungen erkennen zu können.The signal transmitter is preferably a digital one Angle sensor, which is designed as an incremental encoder, the evaluation circuit includes a counting circuit that is provided by the angle sensor given in accordance with the change in the angle of rotation of the roller body Impulse counts. The incremental angle encoder is preferably at least formed two channels, so that it two when rotating the reel body preferably outputs counted pulse signals offset by 90 °. The Evaluation circuit evaluates the counting pulse signals in the direction of rotation of the roller body and depending on the direction of rotation an up or down count of the counts of at least one of the counting pulse signals. When lifting the load handler for example, it counts up, whereas the Lowering the load suspension means down counting is carried out, so that the current count is used to determine the lifting height can be. The evaluation circuit can be designed accordingly be that they are the two phase-shifted counting pulse signals for security reasons evaluates redundantly in order to detect any measurement errors can.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auch auf Flurförderzeuge, bei denen die Position des Lastaufnahmemittels durch Überlagerung von Bewegungen mehrerer relativ zueinander bewegbarer Elemente beeinflußbar ist. Ein solcher Fall liegt beispielsweise bei einem Hubstapler mit teleskopartig längenverstellbarem Hubgerüst vor, das einen unteren Hubgerüstteil und einen relativ dazu teleskopartig ausfahrbaren oberen Hubgerüstteil aufweist, wobei an dem oberen Hubgerüstteil das Lastaufnahmemittel verfahrbar ist. Für einen derartigen Hubstapler wird vorgeschlagen, die Bewegung des oberen Hubgerüstteils relativ zu dem unteren Hubgerüstteil mit einem ersten Rollenkörper zu erfassen, der an dem oberen Hubgerüstteil drehbar gelagert ist und an dem unteren Hubgerüstteil abrollen kann. Zur Erfassung der Bewegung des Lastaufnahmemittels relativ zu dem oberen Hubgerüstteil wird vorgeschlagen, daß ein zweiter Rollenkörper an einem mit dem Lastaufnahmemittel zur gemeinsamen Bewegung relativ zu dem oberen Hubgerüstteil verbundenen Element drehbar gelagert ist und an dem oberen Hubgerüstteil abrollen kann. Die Auswerteschaltung wertet die von den Signalgebern der Rollenkörper abgegebenen Drehbewegungssignale aus, um die Positionen des Lastaufnahmemittels und des oberen Hubgerüstteils relativ zu dem unteren Hubgerüstteil überwachen zu können. Das Meßprinzip kann selbstverständlich auf Hubgerüste mit weiteren teleskopischen Hubgerüstteilen ausgedehnt werden.The invention also relates to industrial trucks in which the position of the load handler by superimposing movements of several elements that can be moved relative to one another can be influenced. Such a case lies, for example, in a forklift truck with a telescopically adjustable length Mast in front, a lower mast part and a relative for this purpose has telescopically extendable upper mast part, at the load lifting device is movable the upper mast part. For one such a forklift is proposed to move the upper one Mast part relative to the lower mast part with a first roller body to detect, which is rotatably mounted on the upper mast part and can roll on the lower mast part. To record the movement of the load handling device relative to the upper mast part proposed that a second roller body on one with the load suspension device for common movement relative to the upper mast part connected element is rotatably mounted and on the upper mast part can roll off. The evaluation circuit evaluates the signal from the Rollers emitted rotary motion signals to the positions of the load handling device and the upper mast part relative to the to be able to monitor the lower mast part. The measuring principle can of course on masts with additional telescopic Mast parts are expanded.

Zwischen dem Lastaufnahmemittel und einem Hubgerüst eines Hubstaplers können weitere relativ zueinander bewegliche Elemente vorgesehen sein, wie es beispielsweise bei einem sogenannten Kommissionier-Dreiseitenstapler mit höhenverstellbarer Fahrerkabine der Fall ist. Bei einem solchen Hubstapler ist eine Fahrerkabine an einem Haupthubgerüst höhenverstellbar angeordnet, wobei an der Fahrerkabine ein Schwenkschubgerät angeordnet ist, welches ein quer zur Hubrichtung der Fahrerkabine verfahrbares Zusatzhubgerüst aufweist, an dem das Lastaufnahmemittel parallel zur Hubrichtung der Fahrerkabine und relativ zur Fahrerkabine höhenverstellbar angeordnet ist, wobei das Lastaufnahmemittel ferner um eine zur Hubrichtung der Fahrerkabine parallele Achse relativ zur Fahrerkabine schwenkbar ist.Between the load handler and a mast of a forklift can be provided further elements movable relative to each other, as is the case with a so-called order picking three-sided stacker with the height-adjustable driver's cab is the case. With such a Forklift is a driver's cabin height adjustable on a main mast arranged, wherein a swivel pushing device is arranged on the driver's cab which is a traversable to the stroke direction of the driver's cab Has additional mast on which the load handler parallel to Lifting direction of the driver's cabin and height-adjustable relative to the driver's cabin is arranged, wherein the load-carrying means further by one to the lifting direction the driver's cab parallel axis pivotable relative to the driver's cabin is.

Zur Erfassung der translatorischen Bewegungen wird vorgeschlagen, daßein Rollenkörper mit betreffendem Signalgeber an der Fahrerkabine drehbar angeordnet ist und an einer Bahn an dem Haupthubgerüst abrollen kann, daß ein weiterer Rollenkörper an einem mit dem Lastaufnahmemittel zur gemeinsamen Bewegung relativ zu dem Zusatzhubgerüst verbundenen Element drehbar angeordnet ist und an einer Bahn an dem Zusatzhubgerüst abrollen kann. Die Auswerteeinrichtung kann dann aus den Signalen der Signalgeber die Höhenpositionen des Lastaufnahmemittels und der Fahrerkabine relativ zu dem Haupthubgerüst bzw. die Höhenposition des Lastaufnahmemittels relativ zu dem Zusatzhubgerüst bestimmen. Ferner kann ein Rollenkörper mit Signalgeber in entsprechender Weise zur Ermittlung des Seitenschubes des Lastaufnahmemittels an der Fahrerkabine vorgesehen sein. Selbstverständlich ist es bei einem Hubstapler mit einer höhenverstellbaren Fahrerkabine und einem daran zusätzlich bewegbar angeordneten Lastaufnahmemittel im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung auch möglich, daß beispielsweise lediglich der Haupthub, nämlich die Höhenposition der Fahrerkabine mit einem Rollenkörper mit entsprechendem Signalgeber überwacht wird und zur Erfassung der Position des Lastaufnahmemittels relativ zur Fahrerkabine irgendein anderes Meßprinzip angewandt wird.To detect the translatory movements, it is proposed that a Reel body with relevant signal generator rotatable on the driver's cab is arranged and can roll on a track on the main mast, that another roller body on one with the load handler for common movement related to the auxiliary mast Element is rotatably arranged and on a track on the additional mast can roll off. The evaluation device can then from the signals of the Signal generator the height positions of the load handler and the Driver cabin relative to the main mast or the height position of the Determine the load handler relative to the additional mast. Further can a reel body with signal generator in a corresponding manner Determination of the lateral thrust of the load handler at the driver's cabin be provided. Of course it is with a forklift with one height-adjustable driver's cab and one additionally movable on it arranged load suspension means in the sense of the present invention possible that, for example, only the main stroke, namely the height position the driver's cabin with a reel body with corresponding signal transmitter is monitored and to record the position of the load handler some other measuring principle is applied relative to the driver's cabin.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachstehend unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Darin zeigt

Fig. 1
eine stark vereinfacht dargestellte Seitenansicht eines Flurförderzeugs nach der Erfindung,
Fig. 2
Impulssignale mit Phasenversatz, wie sie von Winkelgebern der Positionsmeßeinrichtung abgegeben werden, und
Fig. 3
eine vereinfachte Teildarstellung eines teleskopierbaren Hubgerüstes zur Erläuterung eines bevorzugten Referenziervorganges.
An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawings. In it shows
Fig. 1
a greatly simplified side view of an industrial truck according to the invention,
Fig. 2
Pulse signals with phase shift, as they are emitted by angle sensors of the position measuring device, and
Fig. 3
a simplified partial representation of a telescopic mast to explain a preferred referencing process.

Bei dem Hubstapler 1 nach Fig. 1 handelt es sich um einen sog. Kommissionier-Dreiseitenstapler. Der Hubstapler 1 weist ein teleskopisch längenverstellbares Hubgerüst 3 mit einem in bezug auf das Fahrgestell des Hubstaplers 1 ortsfesten unteren Hubgerüstteil 5 und einem relativ zu dem unteren Hubgerüstteil 5 in vertikaler Richtung ausfahrbaren bzw. einziehbaren oberen Hubgerüstteil 7 auf, an dem eine Fahrerkabine 9 höhenverstellbar angeordnet ist. An der Vorderseite der Fahrerkabine 9 ist ein Schwenkschubgerät 11 angeordnet, das relativ zu der Fahrerkabine 9 seitlich, d. h. in Fig. 1 senkrecht zur Zeichenebene, verschiebbar angeordnet ist und ein Zusatzhubgerüst (Zusatzmast) 13 aufweist, an dem ein Lastaufnahmemittel (Gabel) 1 5 mit seiner Halterung 16 höhenverstellbar relativ zur Fahrerkabine 9 geführt ist. Der Zusatzmast 13 kann zusammen mit dem Lastaufnahmemittel 15 um eine Achse 17 um etwa 180° verschwenkt werden.1 is a so-called order picking three-sided stacker. The forklift 1 has a telescopically adjustable length Mast 3 with one in relation to the chassis of the forklift 1 fixed lower mast part 5 and one relative to the lower Mast part 5 extendable or retractable in the vertical direction upper mast part 7, on which a driver's cab 9 adjustable in height is arranged. At the front of the driver's cab 9 is a swivel push device 11 arranged laterally relative to the driver's cab 9, i. H. in Fig. 1 perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, is slidably arranged and a Has additional mast (additional mast) 13 on which a load suspension device (Fork) 1 5 with its bracket 16 adjustable in height relative to the driver's cabin 9 is performed. The additional mast 13 can be together with the load handling device 15 are pivoted about an axis 17 by approximately 180 °.

Als Sensor einer Positionsmeßeinrichtung ist an dem oberen Hubgerüstteil 7 ein als inkrementaler Winkelgeber ausgebildetes Wälzlager 18 angeordnet, dessen drehbarer Außenring 19 als Rollenkörper mit einer Rollenachse senkrecht zur Hubrichtung des oberen Hubgerüstteils 7 dient, wobei der Rollenkörper 19 mit seinem Umfang an einer Fläche 21 des unteren Hubgerüstteils 5 anliegt, die eine in Hubrichtung des oberen Hubgerüstteils 7 verlaufende Bahn bildet, an der der Rollenkörper 19 bei teleskopischer Verschiebung des oberen Hubgerüstteils 7 relativ zu dem unteren Hubgerüstteil 5 abrollt. Das Wälzlager 18 ist so an dem Hubgerüstteil 7 angebracht, daß der Rollenkörper 19 zu seiner Bahn 21 hin federnd vorgespannt ist und somit stets Kontakt zu der Bahn hat.As a sensor of a position measuring device is on the upper mast part 7 a roller bearing 18 designed as an incremental angle encoder is arranged, whose rotatable outer ring 19 as a roller body with a roller axis perpendicular to the lifting direction of the upper mast part 7, the Roller body 19 with its circumference on a surface 21 of the lower Mast part 5 abuts, one in the lifting direction of the upper mast part 7 extending path forms on which the roller body 19 at telescopic Displacement of the upper mast part 7 relative to the lower mast part 5 rolls. The roller bearing 18 is attached to the mast part 7, that the roller body 19 is resiliently biased towards its path 21 and is therefore always in contact with the train.

In Fig. 1 ist der obere Hubgerüstteil 7 teilweise ausgefahren dargestellt, während die Kabine 9 in ihrer obersten Stellung relativ zu dem oberen Hubgerüstteil 7 gezeigt ist. Das Lastaufnahmemittel 15 befindet sich in seiner untersten Stellung relativ zu dem Zusatzmast 13 und ist zur Betrachterseite gemäß Fig. 1 seitlich verschwenkt. Die hydraulischen Antriebsmittel für die Elemente 7, 9, 11 und 15 sind nicht dargestellt.In Fig. 1 the upper mast part 7 is shown partially extended, while the cabin 9 is in its uppermost position relative to the upper Mast part 7 is shown. The load handling device 15 is located in its lowest position relative to the additional mast 13 and is for 1 side swiveled. The hydraulic Drive means for the elements 7, 9, 11 and 15 are not shown.

Der Winkelgeber 18 gibt bei Drehung des Rollenkörpers 19 zwei um 90° phasenversetzte Impulszüge als elektrische Signale ab, wie sie in Fig. 2 angedeutet sind. Jeder Impulsabstand entspricht einer bestimmten Drehwinkeländerung des Rollenkörpers 19. Die phasenversetzten elektrischen Signale werden einer Auswerteschaltung (nicht gezeigt) zugeführt, die eine Aufwärts-/Abwärts-Zählschaltung zur Zählung der jeweiligen Meßsignalimpulse aufweist und anhand eines Vergleichs der beiden Meßsignale eine Drehrichtungsbestimmung durchführt. Bei Aufwärtshub des oberen Hubgerüstteils 7 zählt die Zählschaltung die Impulse des jeweiligen Meßsignals aufwärts, wohingegen bei Absenkung des oberen Gerüstteils 7 und der damit verbundenen Drehrichtungsumkehr des Rollenkörpers 19 eine Abwärtszählung der Impulse vorgenommen wird. Aus dem jeweiligen Zählerstand ermittelt die Auswerteschaltung die Position des oberen Hubgerüstteils 7 relativ zu dem unteren Hubgerüstteil 5. Die Auswerteschaltung kann aus den pro Zeiteinheit gezählten Impulsen ferner die jeweilige Hubgeschwindigkeit ermitteln, wobei die Hubgeschwindigkeitswerte als Istwerte für eine Hubgeschwindigkeitsregelung beispielsweise in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Position des oberen Hubgerüstteils 7 relativ zu dem unteren Hubgerüstteil 5 herangezogen werden können, etwa in dem Sinne, daß die Hubgeschwindigkeit in kontrollierter Weise vermindert wird, wenn sich das obere Hubgerüstteil 7 seiner maximal zulässigen Hubhöhenposition oder einer sonstigen vorbestimmten Position nähert.The angle encoder 18 gives two by 90 ° when the roller body 19 rotates phase-shifted pulse trains as electrical signals, as shown in FIG. 2 are indicated. Each pulse interval corresponds to a specific one Change of angle of rotation of the roller body 19. The phase-shifted electrical Signals are fed to an evaluation circuit (not shown) which is an up / down counter circuit for counting the respective Has measurement signal pulses and based on a comparison of the two Measurement signals performs a determination of the direction of rotation. When the upper mast part 7, the counter circuit counts the pulses of each Measurement signal upwards, whereas when lowering the upper frame part 7 and the associated reversal of the direction of rotation of the roller body 19 a Down counting of the pulses is made. From the respective The evaluation circuit determines the position of the upper counter reading Mast part 7 relative to the lower mast part 5. The evaluation circuit can from the pulses counted per unit of time also the respective Determine the stroke speed, the stroke speed values as Actual values for a stroke speed control, for example, depending relative to the respective position of the upper mast part 7 can be used for the lower mast part 5, for example in the Meaning that the lifting speed is reduced in a controlled manner, when the upper mast part 7 reaches its maximum permissible lifting height position or approaching another predetermined position.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 sind ferner Referenzgeber für die Positionsmeßeinrichtung vorgesehen. Im Beispielsfall handelt es sich dabei um Näherungssensoren 23 und 25, die an dem unteren Hubgerüstteil 5 angeordnet sind und bei Gegenüberlage eines an dem oberen Hubgerüstteil 7 an einer vorbestimmten Stelle befestigten Referenzgeberelementes (Markierung) 27 ein jeweiliges Referenzsignal an die Auswerteschaltung abgeben. Anhand des Referenzsignals kann die Auswerteschaltung den von dem Winkelgeber 18 abgeleiteten Positionswert überprüfen und bei Bedarf korrigieren. Ferner können die Referenzwertgeber dazu herangezogen werden, den Meßbereich der Positionsmeßeinrichtung zu kalibrieren, wobei der obere Hubgerüstteil 7 ausgehend von seiner untersten Grundstellung ausgefahren wird, so daß das Referenzwertgeberelement 27 nacheinander an den Näherungssensoren 23 und 25 vorbeigeführt wird. Die Auswerteschaltung stellt die Anzahl der von dem Winkelgeber 18 pro Kanal abgegebenen Impulse zwischen dem Auftreten des ersten Referenzsignals von dem Näherungssensor 23 und dem Auftreten des zweiten Referenzsignals von dem Näherungssensor 25 fest, um die jeweilige Impulsanzahl auf den vorbestimmten Abstand zwischen den Näherungssensoren 23 und 25 zu normieren, so daß eine sehr exakte Zuordnung zwischen Positionsänderungen des oberen Hubgerüstteils 7 und Drehwinkeländerungen des Rollenkörpers 19 getroffen werden kann. Die Sensoren 23 und 25 können als induktive Näherungssensoren, Lichtschrankenschalter oder dergleichen ausgebildet sein und gegebenenfalls zusätzliche Funktionen übernehmen, etwa im Rahmen einer Endlagenerkennungsschaltung. Für die Referenzierung könnte man im Rahmen der Erfindung auch mit einem einzelnen Referenzsensor, beispielsweise dem Referenzsensor 23, auskommen, der beispielsweise in einem vorbestimmten Abstand oberhalb der tiefstmöglichen Stellung des Referenzelements 27 angeordnet ist, die das Referenzelement 27 einnimmt, wenn der obere Hubgerüstteil 7 vollständig in seine unterste Grundstellung eingezogen ist. Eine weitere Möglichkeit besteht darin, einen einzelnen Referenzgeber zu verwenden, bei dem der betreffende Referenzsensor und das Referenzgeberelement über einen vorbestimmten Hubabschnitt zusammenwirken.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, reference transmitters for the Position measuring device provided. In the example case it is proximity sensors 23 and 25, which are attached to the lower mast part 5 are arranged and one on the upper mast part 7 at a predetermined location attached reference transmitter element (Mark) 27 a respective reference signal to the evaluation circuit submit. The evaluation circuit can use the reference signal from Check the position sensor derived from the angle encoder 18 and if necessary correct. The reference value providers can also be used are to calibrate the measuring range of the position measuring device, wherein the upper mast part 7 starting from its lowest basic position is extended so that the reference value transmitter element 27 in succession is guided past the proximity sensors 23 and 25. The evaluation circuit represents the number of 18 from the angle encoder per channel emitted pulses between the occurrence of the first reference signal from the proximity sensor 23 and the occurrence of the second reference signal from the proximity sensor 25 to the respective number of pulses the predetermined distance between the proximity sensors 23 and 25 to normalize so that a very exact assignment between changes in position of the upper mast part 7 and changes in the angle of rotation Roll body 19 can be taken. The sensors 23 and 25 can as inductive proximity sensors, light barrier switches or the like be trained and possibly take on additional functions, as part of an end position detection circuit. For referencing, one could also use within the scope of the invention a single reference sensor, for example the reference sensor 23, get along, for example, at a predetermined distance above the lowest possible position of the reference element 27 is arranged, the the reference element 27 assumes when the upper mast part 7 has completely moved into its lowest basic position. Another Possibility is to use a single reference encoder at over which the reference sensor in question and the reference transmitter element cooperate a predetermined stroke section.

Fig. 3 zeigt zur Erläuterung einer weiteren Referenzierungsweise einen unteren Hubgerüstteil 5a und einen relativ dazu teleskopartig verschiebbaren oberen Hubgerüstteil 7a eines längenverstellbaren Hubgerüstes eines Flurförderzeugs nach der Erfindung.3 shows an explanation of a further way of referencing lower mast part 5a and a telescopically displaceable relative thereto upper mast part 7a of a length-adjustable mast one Industrial truck according to the invention.

Der obere Hubgerüstteil 7a ist in Fig. 3 in einer Stellung gezeigt, in der er um eine vorbestimmte Referenzstrecke r gegenüber seiner tiefstmöglichen Ruhestellung angehoben ist. Der Sensor 23a in Höhe der Referenzstrecke r ändert sein Ausgangssignal, wenn der Hubgerüstteil 7a über die Referenzstrecke r hinaus nach oben bewegt wird bzw. bei Abwärtsbewegung wieder in den Referenzstreckenbereich gelangt. In Fig. 3 ist der obere Hubgerüstteil 7a in einer Momentaufnahme gezeigt, in der er einen Signalwechsel an dem Sensor 23a hervorruft. Aus dem Signalzustand des Sensors 23a kann eindeutig abgeleitet werden, ob der Hubgerüstteil 7a außerhalb des Referenzstreckenbereiches r ist und daß er abzusenken ist, um ihn mit seinem unteren Ende in den Referenzstreckenbereich r zur Referenzierung einzubringen.The upper mast part 7a is shown in Fig. 3 in a position in which it by a predetermined reference distance r from its lowest possible Rest position is raised. The sensor 23a at the reference distance r changes its output signal when the mast part 7a over the reference path r is moved upwards or again when moving downwards reaches the reference range. In Fig. 3 is the upper mast part 7a shown in a snapshot, in which it is a signal change on the Sensor 23a causes. From the signal state of the sensor 23a clearly derived whether the mast part 7a outside the Reference distance range r is and that it is to be lowered in order to its lower end in the reference path area r for referencing contribute.

Es kann beispielsweise folgender Referenziervorgang stattfinden:

  • 1. Ausgehend von der vollständig abgesenkten Grundstellung des Hubgerüstteils 7a wird der Hubgerüstteil 7a angehoben, bis an dem Sensor 23a eine Signalzustandsänderung festgestellt wird. Die Signalzustandsänderung weist darauf hin, daß der Sensor 23a funktioniert.
  • 2. Ausgehend von der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Stellung wird der Hubgerüstteil 7a über die gesamte Referenzstrecke r abgesenkt, bis er seine tiefste Grundstellung erreicht hat. Während des Absenkens des Hubgerüstteils 7a überprüft die Auswerteschaltung die beiden phasenversetzten elektrischen Signale des Winkelgebers 18a auf korrekte Phasenbeziehung für den Fall des Absenkens. Ferner wird das Winkelgebersignal ausgewertet, um die Referenzstrecke r zu vermessen.
  • 3. Aus der tiefsten Grundstellung heraus wird der Hubgerüstteil 7a wieder angehoben, bis der Referenzsensor 23a seinen Ausgangssignalzustand ändert.
  • The following referencing process can take place, for example:
  • 1. Starting from the completely lowered basic position of the mast part 7a, the mast part 7a is raised until a signal state change is detected at the sensor 23a. The signal state change indicates that the sensor 23a is working.
  • 2. Starting from the position shown in FIG. 3, the mast part 7a is lowered over the entire reference distance r until it has reached its lowest basic position. During the lowering of the mast part 7a, the evaluation circuit checks the two phase-shifted electrical signals of the angle transmitter 18a for the correct phase relationship in the event of the lowering. Furthermore, the angle encoder signal is evaluated in order to measure the reference distance r.
  • 3. The mast part 7a is raised again from the lowest basic position until the reference sensor 23a changes its output signal state.
  • Die Auswerteschaltung überprüft die phasenversetzten elektrischen Signale des Winkelgebers 18a auf korrekten Phasengang für den Fall des Anhebens. Ferner wird die Referenzstrecke r vermessen.The evaluation circuit checks the phase-shifted electrical Signals of the angle encoder 18a on correct phase response for the case of lifting. The reference distance r is also measured.

    Befindet sich der Hubgerüstteil 7a zunächst außerhalb des Referenzstreckenbereichs r, so kann die Referenzierung in entsprechender Weise vorgenommen werden, wobei der oben unter Ziffer 1. angeführte Schritt entfallen kann.The mast part 7a is initially outside the reference path area r, the referencing can be done in the corresponding Manner, whereby the above under number 1. mentioned step can be omitted.

    Durch den vorstehend beschriebenen Referenziervorgang können folgende Fehler erkannt werden:

    • Defekt des Referenzsensors 23a,
    • Defekt bzw. fehlerhaftes Signal des Winkelgebers 18a,
    • eine etwaige Längung bzw. Dehnung der üblicherweise zum Ausfahren des Hubgerüstteils 7a verwendeten Hubkette,
    • Fehler in der Auswerteschaltung bzw. Zählschaltung.
    The following errors can be identified by the referencing process described above:
    • Defect of the reference sensor 23a,
    • Defective or incorrect signal from the angle transmitter 18a,
    • a possible elongation or expansion of the lifting chain normally used to extend the mast part 7a,
    • Error in the evaluation circuit or counter circuit.

    Fig. 3 zeigt ferner die Möglichkeit, daß der Winkelgeber 18a an dem feststehenden Hubgerüstteil drehbar angeordnet ist und in Drehung versetzt wird, wenn der bewegliche Hubgerüstteil 7a aufwärts bzw. abwärts bewegt wird.Fig. 3 also shows the possibility that the angle encoder 18a on the fixed mast part is rotatably arranged and set in rotation when the movable mast part 7a moves up or down becomes.

    Bei dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist ein dem Winkelgeber 18 entsprechender Winkelgeber 18' an der Fahrerkabine 9 angeordnet, wobei der zugehörige Rollenkörper 19' an einer in Längsrichtung des oberen Hubgerüstteils 7 verlaufenden Bahn 21' abrollt, wenn die Fahrerkabine 9 relativ zu dem oberen Hubgerüstteil 7 angehoben oder abgesenkt wird. Zur Bestimmung der Position der Fahrerkabine 9 relativ zu dem oberen Hubgerüstteil 7 bzw. zu dem unteren Hubgerüstteil 5 wertet die Auswerteschaltung die entsprechenden Impulssignale des an der Fahrerkabine 9 angeordneten Winkelgebers 18' aus. Auch in bezug auf die Positionsbestimmung der Fahrerkabine 9 können Referenzgeber der oben beschriebenen Art vorgesehen sein.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, one is the angle transmitter 18 Corresponding angle encoder 18 'arranged on the driver's cab 9, wherein the associated roller body 19 'on one in the longitudinal direction of the upper Mast part 7 running track 21 'rolls when the driver's cab 9 is raised or lowered relative to the upper mast part 7. to Determining the position of the driver's cab 9 relative to the upper one The mast part 7 or the lower mast part 5 evaluates the evaluation circuit the corresponding pulse signals from the driver's cabin 9 arranged angle sensor 18 '. Also with regard to position determination the driver's cab 9 can be the reference transmitter described above Kind be provided.

    Ein weiterer dem Winkelgeber 18 entsprechender Winkelgeber 18" ist an einem mit dem Lastaufnahmemittel 15 fest verbundenen Element 16 angeordnet, wobei der zugehörige Rollenkörper 19" an einer vertikal verlaufenden Bahn des Zusatzmastes 13 abrollt, wenn das Lastaufnahmemittel 15 relativ zu dem Zusatzmast 13 angehoben bzw. abgesenkt wird. Die Auswerteschaltung wertet auch die Impulssignale des letztgenannten Winkelgebers 18" aus und kann aus den jeweiligen Winkelgeberinformationen die Hubhöhe des Lastaufnahmemittels 15 relativ zu der Fahrerkabine 9 und relativ zu den Hubgerüstteilen 7 bzw. 5 bestimmen. Another angle transmitter 18 ″ corresponding to the angle transmitter 18 ″ is on an element 16 which is firmly connected to the load suspension device 15 arranged, the associated roller body 19 "on a vertical running path of the additional mast 13 rolls when the load handler 15 is raised or lowered relative to the additional mast 13. The evaluation circuit also evaluates the pulse signals of the latter Angle encoder 18 "and can from the respective angle encoder information the lifting height of the load-carrying means 15 relative to the driver's cab 9 and determine relative to the mast parts 7 and 5.

    Selbstverständlich kann auch zur Erfassung des Seitenschubs des Lastaufnahmemittels 15 an der Fahrerkabine 9 ein Winkelgeber entsprechend dem Winkelgeber 18 vorgesehen sein.Of course, it can also be used to record the sideshift of the load handler 15 on the driver's cab 9 an angle encoder accordingly the angle encoder 18 may be provided.

    Durch die Erfindung wird eine präzise und mit einfachen Mitteln realisierte Positionsüberwachung des Lastaufnahmemittels bzw. der mit dem Lastaufnahmemittel bewegbaren Elemente (im Ausführungsbeispiel die Elemente 7, 9, 11 bzw. 16) relativ zueinander und relativ zu einem festen Bezugspunkt des Flurförderzeugs ermöglicht. Die von der Positionsmeßeinrichtung bereitgestellten Positionswerte und Positionsänderungsgeschwindigkeitswerte können beispielsweise als jeweilige Ist-Vergleichswerte für eine Antriebssteuerung herangezogen werden, die die Bewegungsabläufe dieser Elemente steuert.The invention realizes a precise and simple means Position monitoring of the load handler or with the Load suspension means movable elements (in the embodiment, the Elements 7, 9, 11 and 16) relative to each other and relative to a fixed Reference point of the industrial truck enables. The from the position measuring device provided position values and position change speed values can, for example, as respective actual comparison values be used for a drive control that the movement sequences controls these elements.

    Claims (11)

    1. Industrial lift truck, comprising a load lifting device (15), a device (3, 9, 11) for moving the load lifting device (15) on the lift truck (1) and having at least one element (7 or 9 or 16) that can move, together with the load lifting device (15), along a substantially straight guide (at 5 or at 7 or at 9 or at 13) and a position measuring device for monitoring the relative position to the guide (at 5 or at 7 or at 9 or at 13) of the element (7 or 9 or 16) movable with the load lifting device (15) or of the load lifting device (15), said position measuring device including at least one roller body (19, 19', 19") which, when the element (7 or 9 or 16) that is movable with the load lifting device (15) moves, executes a rotational movement and acts in combination with a transducer which transmits an electric signal as a function of the rotational movement of the roller body to an evaluating circuit which evaluates the signal to determine the position of the element (7 or 9 or 16) that is movable with the load lifting device (15) or of the load lifting device (15), relative to the guide (at 5 or at 7 or at 9 or at 13), characterised in that said roller body (19, 19', 19") is part of a rolling bearing and is mounted on the element (7 or 9 or 16) that is movable with the load lifting device (15) such that it is capable of rotation and its circumference contacts a path (21, 21' ,21") running along the guide (at 5 or at 7 or at 9 or at 13) in such a way that it is forced to roll along the path (21, 21' ,21") by movement of the element (7 or 9 or 16) that is movable with the load lifting device (15) along the guide (at 5 or at 7 or at 9 or at 13).
    2. Industrial lift truck, comprising a load lifting devise, a device for moving the load lifting device on the lift track and having at least one element (7a) that can move, together with the load lifting device, along a substantially straight guide (at 5a) and a position measuring device (18a) for monitoring the position relative to the guide (at 5a) of the element (7a) that is movable with the load lifting device or of the load lifting device, said position measuring device including at least one roller body which is arranged on an element that is stationary relative to the guide such that it is capable of rotation and with its circumference contacts the element (7a) that is movable with the load lifting device in such a way that it is forced to rotate by movement of the element (7a) that is movable with the load lifting device and said roller body interacting with a transducer which transmits an electric signal as a function of the rotational movement of the roller body to an evaluating circuit which evaluates the signal to determine the position of the element (7a) that is movable with the load lifting device or of the load lifting device, relative to the guide (at 5a), characterised in that said roller body is part of a rolling bearing.
    3. Industrial lift truck according to claim 1, characterised in that the rolling bearing includes an integrated angular position sensor.
    4. Industrial lift truck according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the transducer is a digital angular position sensor (18, 18', 18").
    5. Industrial lift truck according to claim 4, characterised in that the digital angular position sensor (18, 18', 18") is formed as an incremental angular sensor and the evaluating circuit contains a counter circuit for counting the pulses emitted by the angular position sensor as a function of the rotation of the roller body (19, 19', 19").
    6. Industrial lift truck according to claim 5, characterised in that the incremental angular position sensor (18, 18', 18") emits two phase-shifted pulse signals (A, B) upon rotation of the roller body (19, 19', 19") and the evaluating circuit is adapted to process the pulse signals to determine the direction of rotation of the roller body (19, 19', 19") and to perform up or down counting of the pulses from at least one of the pulse signals as a function of the direction of rotation.
    7. Industrial lift truck according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the element (7 or 9 or 16) that is movable with the load lifting device (15) is mounted on a lifting frame (3) so as to be adjustable in height and the position measuring device is adapted to determine the lift height of the load lifting device (15).
    8. Industrial lift track according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises a lifting frame (3) with an operator's cab (9) mounted thereon so as to be adjustable in height and carrying a load lifting device (15) and in that the roller body (19) is rotatably arranged on the operator's cab and can roll along the lifting frame (3).
    9. Industrial lift truck according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises a lifting frame (3) for the load lifting device (15), said lifting frame (3) being adjustable in length and having a lower lifting frame section (5) and an upper lifting frame section (7) that is telescopically extendable relative thereto and in that the roller body (19) is rotatably mounted on the upper lifting frame section (7) and can roll on the lower lifting frame section (5).
    10. Industrial lift truck according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises a lifting frame (3) for the load lifting device (15), said lifting frame (3) being adjustable in length and having a lower lifting frame section (5) and an upper lifting frame section (7) that is telescopically extendable relative thereto and in that the roller body (19) is rotatably mounted on the lower lifting frame section (7) and can roll on the upper lifting frame section (5).
    11. Industrial lift truck according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises at least one reference sensor (23, 25) which emits a reference signal to the evaluating circuit when the element (7) that is movable with the load lifting device (15) is in a predetermined position and in that the evaluating circuit compares the measured position value present at the position measuring device when the reference signal is received with a desired position value, and as a function of this comparison, calibrates the position measuring device if necessary.
    EP98924114A 1997-07-23 1998-04-14 Industrial truck Expired - Lifetime EP0998423B1 (en)

    Priority Applications (1)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE29824820U DE29824820U1 (en) 1997-07-23 1998-04-14 Truck

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19731687 1997-07-23
    DE19731687A DE19731687A1 (en) 1997-07-23 1997-07-23 Industrial truck
    PCT/EP1998/002160 WO1999005059A1 (en) 1997-07-23 1998-04-14 Industrial truck

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0998423A1 EP0998423A1 (en) 2000-05-10
    EP0998423B1 true EP0998423B1 (en) 2002-09-25

    Family

    ID=7836667

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP98924114A Expired - Lifetime EP0998423B1 (en) 1997-07-23 1998-04-14 Industrial truck

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    US (1) US6269913B1 (en)
    EP (1) EP0998423B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP2001510770A (en)
    AT (1) ATE224853T1 (en)
    AU (1) AU7643098A (en)
    CA (1) CA2296340A1 (en)
    DE (2) DE19731687A1 (en)
    DK (1) DK0998423T3 (en)
    ES (1) ES2181224T3 (en)
    PT (1) PT998423E (en)
    WO (1) WO1999005059A1 (en)

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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    CA2296340A1 (en) 1999-02-04
    ATE224853T1 (en) 2002-10-15
    DE59805719D1 (en) 2002-10-31
    JP2001510770A (en) 2001-08-07
    DK0998423T3 (en) 2002-11-04
    DE19731687A1 (en) 1999-02-04
    PT998423E (en) 2003-02-28
    WO1999005059A1 (en) 1999-02-04
    ES2181224T3 (en) 2003-02-16
    AU7643098A (en) 1999-02-16
    US6269913B1 (en) 2001-08-07
    EP0998423A1 (en) 2000-05-10

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