EP0997696B1 - Apparatus for drying bulk materials - Google Patents
Apparatus for drying bulk materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0997696B1 EP0997696B1 EP99121287A EP99121287A EP0997696B1 EP 0997696 B1 EP0997696 B1 EP 0997696B1 EP 99121287 A EP99121287 A EP 99121287A EP 99121287 A EP99121287 A EP 99121287A EP 0997696 B1 EP0997696 B1 EP 0997696B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- container
- drying
- drying gas
- gas
- funnel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
- F26B9/063—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers for drying granular material in bulk, e.g. grain bins or silos with false floor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/08—Humidity
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for drying bulk materials with an at least partially funnel-shaped container of the type of Claim 1.
- Such drying devices for drying bulk materials such.
- B. Plastic granules are known inter alia from DE 3234431 C2.
- the to be dried granules is in a container, which is down to A granule extraction tapered funnel-shaped and from above with the Granulate is charged.
- For drying the granules is through this one Dry gas, in particular heated air passed, which on the granules sticking moisture entrains.
- the dry air previously passed through a dehumidifier.
- the drying devices are generally for a particular one Throughput of bulk material designed.
- the plastic granules will after the Drying supplied in particular plastic processing machines. Previously they are often mixed with other components, the one represent a significantly lower percentage of the desired raw material.
- Conventional dryers are used for the pretreatment of additional granules, which in Very small quantities are only partially suitable. Be this not completely filled can problems with the dry result of the granules occur because the passage of dry air is no longer in Homogeneous way.
- a full filling of the drying device with granules due to the time-dependent thermal degradation of the Bulk material not possible. The drying plant can therefore be in their Do not adjust the capacity to the desired dry quantity of granules.
- the dry dehumidifier remains in reducing the Drying capacity largely unused, as in the case of Plant utilization must be designed.
- For dehumidifying the dry air come frequently regenerable cartridges with moisture-absorbing Substances used as an additional unit to the granule driers assigned.
- the object of the invention is to provide a drying device for To create bulk materials, which optimally to the to be dried Can adjust granulate, especially for small amounts of dry is suitable, and a high flexibility in use, especially in terms different sites, has.
- the drying device has a funnel-shaped Container on, filled in the bulk material to be dried and removed can be. Furthermore, the passage of a dry gas through the Container so possible that the dry air flows through the bulk material.
- the container is characterized by a funnel wall which extends at least partially adjustable in inclination, whereby the volume of the Container is changeable. This makes it possible, the container on the to set the desired quantity of bulk material to be dried. This can either done manually, or by a suitable adjusting device automatically respectively.
- the emptying behavior of the container are positively influenced.
- the stronger one Hopper pitch is similar for small amounts of dry when emptying the Container the lack of granule load in the upper part of the container, which in large quantities of bulk granules during removal from the Container pushes.
- Due to the tilt adjustment of the funnel walls is simultaneously reduces the container volume.
- the lower bulk quantity therefore achieves the same or only slightly lower level in the Container, as with full utilization of the plant. This will achieve that the dry air, even when throttling the volume flow rate Flows through granules evenly, and a path of defined length through the Granules take.
- adjustable wall parts of the funnel wall It can be adjustable and space-stable, substantially rigid wall parts are used, the through their interaction form the funnel. But it is also conceivable to manufacture the funnel from an elastic material, whereby volume and Inclination of the funnel due to an elastic deformation of the funnel too Come come.
- An advantageous embodiment of the funnel provides for this of several build up flat surfaces. At least one of these should be an adjustable one Form side of the funnel, thereby allowing the adjustability of the funnel is guaranteed.
- An appropriate training this variant can be achieved by providing a pyramidal funnel having four surfaces. Two themselves opposite funnel surfaces are stationary, with the other two as adjustable sides are executed. This keeps the cost of components for the Bulk containers in limits while offering the opportunity to Funnel volume and the inclination of a sufficient part of the Funnel wall to adapt to the bulk material quantity.
- the fixed ones Wall parts can be made steeper than the adjustment sides in the position the largest container capacity. This can be done even at low Degree of filling of the container reaches an optimal emptying behavior become.
- the fixed wall parts of the funnel can at least partially also be executed vertically.
- the Adjusting sides pivotally mounted in the region of the outlet opening.
- Pivoting the adjustment is in this design at more constant Size of the outlet opening the inclination of the container walls as well as the volume of the container.
- the fixations for the adjustment pages in different inclination angles can z. B. to the fixed Be mounted wall parts.
- Adjustment pages with a substantially trapezoidal shape Will these be in their inclination adjusted, it follows for the side edges of the adjustment in the horizontal projection parallel to the fixed wall parts seen a different slope. This can be compensated be that the fixed wall parts of the container with a over the Adjustment of the adjustment sides are made to changing inclination. This ensures that over the adjustment of the adjustment pages constant gap between the outer edges of the adjustment sides and the fixed side panels can be maintained. Additional sealants such as B. rubber lips on the edges of the adjustment are on this Way superfluous.
- a maintenance opening be arranged in one of the fixed side walls. This is easiest to realize if this Wall part is executed vertically.
- the maintenance opening allows z. B. a Clean the container when other types of granules are dried with this should be.
- the container may advantageously be double-walled, whereby the dry air is passed through the cavity thus formed before the Reached bulk material. This can reduce the temperature loss in the container which reduces the need for heating energy. This measure is because of the small amount of bulk with an unfavorable ratio of Volume to surface makes sense.
- the drying device to expanded a dehumidifier which in particular also structurally in the System unit of the drying container can be integrated.
- a membrane dryer for dehumidifying the dry air since this compared to the conventional ones mentioned above Dehumidifying devices characterized by a small footprint is.
- There is a purge gas connection and a Spülgasauslass provided which the Passage of purge gas through a purge line allow.
- the flushing section is formed by the side of the membrane facing away from the drying section.
- the purge gas is therefore passing through the membranes Moisture entrained. This produces a partial pressure difference of Moisture between the two sides of the membrane, causing the function of the membrane dryer is achieved.
- a particular embodiment of the invention provides a membrane dryer vor, which has two dry gas connections, the passage of the Dry gases through one of moisture-permeable membranes formed dry section allows.
- the cross section of this drying section is chosen so that through the membrane dryer at the same time Throttling effect is achieved.
- the passed dry gas expands Therefore, from a higher pressure level before the membrane dryer to a lower pressure level after drying.
- the drying section can z. B. off Hollow fiber membrane tubes are formed, as these z. B. from DE 196 33 177 A1 are known. After dehumidification, the drying gas is the Container supplied for drying the bulk material.
- the purge gas can advantageously the dry air line behind the Membrane dryer can be removed.
- Condition for successful dehumidification of the Dry gas is that the purge gas flow is smaller than the dry gas flow, so that the dry container at all a dry gas flow available can be made.
- Throttle member provided, which depends on the required Sets the amount of purge gas.
- a heater for the Provide dry gas This allows the dry gas on the for Drying of the granules heat ideal temperature.
- the invention is the Output of the drying gas from the container downstream of a filter.
- This Retains particles that blow dry gas when flowing through Has received bulk material.
- the filter thus prevents a burden on Working environment of the dryer due to possibly occurring granulate dusts.
- the latter can z. B. by providing a cyclone again for the Process to be recovered.
- a particular embodiment of the invention provides, the dry gas one Compressed air system to take and a compressed air line the Supply membrane dryer.
- a dry gas throttle which is preferably installed in the compressed air line, the required Dry air quantity can be adjusted.
- the dry gas throttle element can Preferably be designed as a clock valve, which by time-controlled Switch the amount of compressed air reduced, being in the open position of the Dry gas throttle body the full pressure of supply of compressed air to Available. This ensures that the membrane dryer of the optimum pressure drop is achieved for drying the drying gas.
- the Compressed air must be cleaned before it is fed into the membrane dryer.
- the filter means provided for this purpose can be constructed in two stages. In the Precursor is z. B. by a paper filter cleaning of coarse particles achieved, the fine stage is mainly used to de-oil the compressed air.
- the arrangement with a filter at the dry air outlet of the container and the Removing the dry air from a compressed air system causes an open Cycle of the dry gas.
- the compressed air can also inside a closed dry air circuit generated in the device itself become.
- the dry air after leaving the container is the Pressure generator fed again, then the membrane dryer to go through again.
- An open circuit has the advantage that the Reaching the desired dry gas temperatures, only the heating without additional use of return air coolers for the out of the container outgoing dry gas is necessary.
- the lower component cost saves costs and leads to a compact design of the device.
- the described Device operated with a controller.
- the controller can z. B. the Signals from a temperature sensor between the heater and tank is mounted, a temperature sensor on the dry gas outlet of the Container and a humidity sensor behind the output of the Evaluate membrane dryers. About the residual moisture of the drying gas behind the membrane dryer can be controlled by the purge air throttle organ, wherein on this way the drying tank dry air constant residual moisture to Can be made available.
- the temperature sensor behind the heater can be used to control the temperature of the drying gas.
- the Temperature sensors will continue to be used for a temperature comparison of Dry gas used before and after passing through the container. hereby can set up a heat balance, on the conclusions about the course of the drying process are possible.
- the control unit can continue with be connected to the outlet opening of the container and the discharge of cause dried granules depending on its moisture. Of the Operation of the device is both in batch mode as well as in the continuous operation conceivable.
- the Device according to the invention in a short time in each case at the locations for use come where the supply of small granules is desired. Thereby can achieve an optimal degree of utilization of the device, which the Increased efficiency in daily operation.
- the compressed air variant of Device is merely a compressed air connection and an electrical connection necessary for the control and the heating. Connections of this type are on Most conceivable sites available, so no tags necessary for the use of the device.
- the Container volume can be the amount of dry air through the Reduce dry air throttle to a minimum. The plant consumed So only as much compressed air as just for the degree of filling necessary is. This contributes to an economic operation of the according to the invention device.
- the figure 1 can be seen, which way the dry air through the Apparatus for drying bulk materials takes.
- the dry air becomes one Compressed air supply 10 removed and a compressed air line 11 a Membrane dryer 12 supplied.
- the Entöler 14 has a Return line 15, the separated oil to the compressed air system again supplies.
- a timing valve as a dry gas throttle member 16 in the Compressed air line 11 is provided.
- the dry gas flows through the Membrane drier 12 and passes while a drying section 17, the of tubular membranes 18 is formed.
- the dry gas When going through the Dry section, the dry gas gives off most of its moisture and is passed into a dry gas line 19 where it has a humidity sensor 20 to determine the residual moisture happened.
- a branch of a purge gas line 21, which leads to a Purge gas connection 22 on the membrane dryer 12 leads.
- a solenoid valve is provided in the purge gas line 21, which is the Purging gas flow limited by a flushing path 24 of the membrane dryer 12. The purge gas absorbs the moisture passing through the membrane and leaves the membrane dryer 12 through a Spülgasauslass 25.
- Das Dry gas passes through a dry gas heater 26 and a Temperature sensor 27 in the dry gas line 19, in order then by a Input 28 to be supplied to a container 29.
- the container 29 has adjustable funnel walls 30 and is filled with bulk material 31.
- the Dry gas flows through the bulk material 31 from bottom to top and is through passed an output 32 from the container.
- another Temperature sensor 27 and a filter 33 is another Temperature sensor 27 and a filter 33.
- the bulk material 31 may by a Feeder 34 are filled in the container 29 and through an outlet opening 35 are removed again. Feeder 34 and outlet port 35 are lockable executed.
- the container 29 has a double wall 54, through which the dry air Alternatively, via a bypass line 55 can be performed. She then reaches via bushings 56 the entrance 28.
- a controller 36 For the operation of the device, a controller 36 is provided. about Control lines 37, this control evaluates the signals of Moisture sensor 20 and the temperature sensors 27 off. Of this Evaluation is the circuit of the dry air throttle element 16, the Purge air throttle element 23, the dry air heater 26 and the outlet opening 35 dependent. In addition, other sensors such. B. a Level sensor for the bulk material (not shown), can be arranged. The Control also allows for a manual manipulation of the device.
- FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the funnel-shaped container 29.
- This provides a self-contained system, which includes the feeder 34 and the outlet opening 35 for the bulk material and the input 28 and the Output 32 for the drying gas.
- the container has a lid 38 on, which releases the feeder 34 and an adjustment of adjustment sides 39 allowed.
- the adjustment sides 39 together with fixed wall parts 40 the surfaces of the funnel-shaped container.
- a catch bar 41 is attached, which with noses 42 cooperate on the adjustment sides 39.
- the intermediate bottom 44 has a center Through opening 45 for the bulk material.
- closure means 46, z. B. a screw solved and the lid removed.
- the supply 34 of the container Approved.
- the adjustment of the Trichteme is done.
- the design of the fixed wall parts 40 is clear.
- the one of them is diagonally arranged and has two kinks 47, so it is made three flat wall parts. Due to the inclination of the resulting Triangular areas 48 ensures that side edges 49 (in FIG. 3 shown in dashed lines) of the adjustment surfaces 39 always on the inside of the Triangular surfaces 48 abut.
- the other stationary wall part 40 is configured vertically and has a maintenance opening 50 (see Figure 1) the is closed by a maintenance cover 51 Furthermore, are on the container Mounting holes 52, which integrates the container in a housing or on a frame allow, attached. With help of a Mounting flange 53, the container z. B. on one Attach plastic injection molding machine, the outlet opening with a not shown inlet of the injection molding machine communicates.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von Schüttgütern mit einem zu- mindest teilweise trichterförmigen Behälter nach der Gattung des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a device for drying bulk materials with an at least partially funnel-shaped container of the type of Claim 1.
Derartige Trockenvorrichtungen zur Trocknung von Schüttgütern wie z. B. Kunststoffgranulat sind unter anderem aus der DE 3234431 C2 bekannt. Das zu trocknende Granulat befindet sich in einem Behälter, der sich nach unten zu einer Granulatentnahme hin trichterförmig verjüngt und von oben mit dem Granulat beschickt wird. Zur Trocknung des Granulates wird durch dieses ein Trockengas, insbesondere erwärmte Luft geleitet, welches die am Granulat haftende Feuchtigkeit mitreißt. Zur Verbesserung des Trockenergebnisses wird die Trockenluft vorher durch eine Entfeuchter geleitet.Such drying devices for drying bulk materials such. B. Plastic granules are known inter alia from DE 3234431 C2. The to be dried granules is in a container, which is down to A granule extraction tapered funnel-shaped and from above with the Granulate is charged. For drying the granules is through this one Dry gas, in particular heated air passed, which on the granules sticking moisture entrains. To improve the drying result is the dry air previously passed through a dehumidifier.
Die Trockenvorrichtungen sind im allgemeinen für eine bestimmte Durchsatzmenge an Schüttgut ausgelegt. Das Kunststoffgranulat wird nach der Trocknung insbesondere Kunststoffverarbeitungsmaschinen zugeführt. Vorher werden sie häufig noch mit anderen Komponenten vermischt, die einen wesentlich geringeren prozentualen Anteil im gewünschten Rohstoff darstellen. Herkömmliche Trockner sind zur Vorbehandlung von Zusatzgranulaten, die in sehr kleinen Mengen Verwendung finden nur bedingt geeignet. Werden diese nicht vollständig befüllt können Probleme hinsichtlich des Trockenergebnisses des Granulates auftreten, weil die Durchleitung der Trockenluft nicht mehr in homogener Weise erfolgt. Andererseits ist ein Vollfüllen der Trockenvorrichtung mit Granulat bedingt durch den zeitabhängigen thermischen Abbau des Schüttgutes nicht möglich. Die Trocknungsanlage lässt sich also in ihrer Kapazität nicht der gewünschten Trockenmenge an Granulat anpassen. Insbesondere der Trockenluftentfeuchter bleibt bei Verringerung der Trockenkapazität weitgehend ungenutzt, da er für den Fall der Anlagenauslastung ausgelegt sein muss. Für die Entfeuchtung der Trockenluft kommen häufig regenerierbare Patronen mit feuchtigkeitsabsorbierenden Stoffen zum Einsatz, die als zusätzliche Baueinheit den Granulattrocknern zugeordnet sind.The drying devices are generally for a particular one Throughput of bulk material designed. The plastic granules will after the Drying supplied in particular plastic processing machines. Previously they are often mixed with other components, the one represent a significantly lower percentage of the desired raw material. Conventional dryers are used for the pretreatment of additional granules, which in Very small quantities are only partially suitable. Be this not completely filled can problems with the dry result of the granules occur because the passage of dry air is no longer in Homogeneous way. On the other hand, a full filling of the drying device with granules due to the time-dependent thermal degradation of the Bulk material not possible. The drying plant can therefore be in their Do not adjust the capacity to the desired dry quantity of granules. In particular, the dry dehumidifier remains in reducing the Drying capacity largely unused, as in the case of Plant utilization must be designed. For dehumidifying the dry air come frequently regenerable cartridges with moisture-absorbing Substances used as an additional unit to the granule driers assigned.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, eine Trockenvorrichtung für Schüttgüter zu schaffen, welche sich optimal an die zu trocknende Granulatmenge anpassen lässt, insbesondere für kleine Trockenmengen geeignet ist, und eine hohe Flexibilität im Einsatz, insbesondere hinsichtlich unterschiedlicher Einsatzorte, aufweist.The object of the invention is to provide a drying device for To create bulk materials, which optimally to the to be dried Can adjust granulate, especially for small amounts of dry is suitable, and a high flexibility in use, especially in terms different sites, has.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst, der einen Granulatbehälter mit verstellbaren Wänden beansprucht.This object is solved by the features of claim 1, the claimed a granule container with adjustable walls.
Die erfindungsgemäße Trockenvorrichtung weist einen trichterförmigen Behälter auf, in dem das zu trocknende Schüttgut eingefüllt und entnommen werden kann. Weiterhin ist die Durchleitung eines Trockengases durch den Behälter derart möglich, dass die Trockenluft dabei durch das Schüttgut strömt. Der Behälter ist gekennzeichnet durch eine Trichterwandung, die sich zumindest teilweise in der Neigung verstellen lässt, wodurch das Volumen des Behälters veränderbar ist. Hierdurch wird es möglich, den Behälter auf die gewünschte zu trocknende Schüttgutmenge einzustellen. Dies kann entweder manuell geschehen, oder durch eine geeignete Stellvorrichtung automatisch erfolgen.The drying device according to the invention has a funnel-shaped Container on, filled in the bulk material to be dried and removed can be. Furthermore, the passage of a dry gas through the Container so possible that the dry air flows through the bulk material. The container is characterized by a funnel wall which extends at least partially adjustable in inclination, whereby the volume of the Container is changeable. This makes it possible, the container on the to set the desired quantity of bulk material to be dried. This can either done manually, or by a suitable adjusting device automatically respectively.
Durch die Verstellbarkeit der Trichterneigung kann das Entleerungsverhalten des Behälters positiv beeinflusst werden. Bei geringer Befüllung des Behälters liegt eine größere Trichtersteigung im Inneren des Behälters vor. Die stärkere Trichtersteigung gleicht bei kleinen Trockenmengen beim Entleeren des Behälters das Fehlen der Granulatlast im oberen Bereich des Behälters aus, welche bei großen Schüttgutmengen das Granulat bei der Entnahme aus dem Behälter drückt. Durch die Neigungsverstellung der Trichterwände wird gleichzeitig das Behältervolumen verringert. Die geringere Schüttgutmenge erreicht daher den gleichen oder nur geringfügig niedrigeren Füllstand im Behälter, wie bei vollständiger Auslastung der Anlage. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass die Trockenluft auch bei Drosselung des Volumendurchsatzes das Granulat gleichmäßig durchströmt, und einen Weg definierter Länge durch das Granulat nimmt.Due to the adjustability of the funnel inclination, the emptying behavior of the container are positively influenced. With low filling of the container There is a larger funnel pitch inside the container. The stronger one Hopper pitch is similar for small amounts of dry when emptying the Container the lack of granule load in the upper part of the container, which in large quantities of bulk granules during removal from the Container pushes. Due to the tilt adjustment of the funnel walls is simultaneously reduces the container volume. The lower bulk quantity therefore achieves the same or only slightly lower level in the Container, as with full utilization of the plant. This will achieve that the dry air, even when throttling the volume flow rate Flows through granules evenly, and a path of defined length through the Granules take.
Zur Veränderung von Neigung und Volumen des Behälters müssen nicht alle Wandteile der Trichterwandung verstellbar sein. Es können verstellbare und raumfeste, im wesentlichen starre Wandteile zur Verwendung kommen, die durch ihr Zusammenwirken den Trichter bilden. Genauso ist es aber denkbar, den Trichter aus einem elastischen Material zu fertigen, wobei Volumen und Neigung des Trichters durch eine elastische Verformung des Trichters zu Stande kommen.Not all need to change the inclination and volume of the container Be adjustable wall parts of the funnel wall. It can be adjustable and space-stable, substantially rigid wall parts are used, the through their interaction form the funnel. But it is also conceivable to manufacture the funnel from an elastic material, whereby volume and Inclination of the funnel due to an elastic deformation of the funnel too Come come.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform des Trichters sieht vor, diesen aus mehreren ebenen Flächen aufzubauen. Mindestens eine von diesen soll eine verstellbare Seite des Trichters bilden, so dass dadurch die Verstellbarkeit des Trichters gewährleistet wird. Eine zweckmäßige Ausbildung dieser Variante erreicht man durch Vorsehen eines pyramidenförmigen Trichters mit vier Flächen. Zwei sich gegenüberliegende Trichterflächen sind ortsfest, wobei die andern beiden als verstellbare Seiten ausgeführt sind. Dies hält den Aufwand an Bauteilen für den Schüttgutbehälter in Grenzen und bietet gleichzeitig die Möglichkeit, das Trichtervolumen und die Neigung eines genügenden Teiles der Trichterwandung auf die Schüttgutmenge anzupassen. Die feststehenden Wandteile können steiler ausgeführt sein, als die Verstellseiten in der Stellung der größten Behälterkapazität. Dadurch kann auch bei geringem Befüllungsgrad des Behälters ein optimales Entleerungsverhalten erreicht werden. Die feststehenden Wandteile des Trichters können zumindest teilweise auch senkrecht ausgeführt sein.An advantageous embodiment of the funnel provides for this of several build up flat surfaces. At least one of these should be an adjustable one Form side of the funnel, thereby allowing the adjustability of the funnel is guaranteed. An appropriate training this variant can be achieved by providing a pyramidal funnel having four surfaces. Two themselves opposite funnel surfaces are stationary, with the other two as adjustable sides are executed. This keeps the cost of components for the Bulk containers in limits while offering the opportunity to Funnel volume and the inclination of a sufficient part of the Funnel wall to adapt to the bulk material quantity. The fixed ones Wall parts can be made steeper than the adjustment sides in the position the largest container capacity. This can be done even at low Degree of filling of the container reaches an optimal emptying behavior become. The fixed wall parts of the funnel can at least partially also be executed vertically.
Gemäß einer zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Verstellseiten im Bereich der Auslassöffnung schwenkbar gelagert. Durch Schwenken der Verstellseiten wird bei dieser Bauform bei gleich bleibender Größe der Auslassöffnung die Neigung der Behälterwände sowie das Volumen des Behälters beeinflusst. Die Fixierungen für die Verstellseiten in verschiedenen Neigungswinkeln können z. B. an den feststehenden Wandteilen angebracht sein.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the Adjusting sides pivotally mounted in the region of the outlet opening. By Pivoting the adjustment is in this design at more constant Size of the outlet opening the inclination of the container walls as well as the volume of the container. The fixations for the adjustment pages in different inclination angles can z. B. to the fixed Be mounted wall parts.
Sind die feststehenden Wandteile mit einer Neigung versehen so ergeben sich Verstellseiten mit einer im wesentlichen trapezförmigen Form. Werden diese in ihrer Neigung verstellt, so ergibt sich für die Seitenränder der Verstellseiten in der waagerechten Projektion parallel zu den feststehenden Wandteilen gesehen eine unterschiedliche Steigung. Diese kann dadurch ausgeglichen werden, dass die feststehenden Wandteile des Behälters mit einer über den Verstellbereich der Verstellseiten sich verändernden Neigung ausgeführt sind. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass über den Verstellbereich der Verstellseiten ein konstantes Spaltmaß zwischen den Außenrändem der Verstellseiten und den feststehenden Seitenteilen eingehalten werden kann. Zusätzliche Dichtmittel wie z. B. Gummilippen an den Rändern der Verstellseiten werden auf diese Weise überflüssig.Are the fixed wall parts provided with a slope so arise Adjustment pages with a substantially trapezoidal shape. Will these be in their inclination adjusted, it follows for the side edges of the adjustment in the horizontal projection parallel to the fixed wall parts seen a different slope. This can be compensated be that the fixed wall parts of the container with a over the Adjustment of the adjustment sides are made to changing inclination. This ensures that over the adjustment of the adjustment pages constant gap between the outer edges of the adjustment sides and the fixed side panels can be maintained. Additional sealants such as B. rubber lips on the edges of the adjustment are on this Way superfluous.
In einer der feststehenden Seitenwände kann eine Wartungsöffnung angeordnet sein. Dies lässt sich am einfachsten realisieren wenn dieser Wandteil senkrecht ausgeführt ist. Die Wartungsöffnung ermöglicht z. B. ein Säubern des Behälters, wenn andere Granulatarten mit diesem getrocknet werden sollen.In one of the fixed side walls may be a maintenance opening be arranged. This is easiest to realize if this Wall part is executed vertically. The maintenance opening allows z. B. a Clean the container when other types of granules are dried with this should be.
Der Behälter kann Vorteilhafterweise doppelwandig ausgeführt sein, wodurch die Trockenluft durch den so gebildeten Hohlraum geführt wird, bevor sie das Schüttgut erreicht. Dadurch kann der Temperaturverlust im Behälter vermindert werden, wodurch der Bedarf an Heizenergie verringert wird. Diese Maßnahme ist wegen der geringen Schüttgutmenge mit einem ungünstigem Verhältnis von Volumen zu Oberfläche sinnvoll.The container may advantageously be double-walled, whereby the dry air is passed through the cavity thus formed before the Reached bulk material. This can reduce the temperature loss in the container which reduces the need for heating energy. This measure is because of the small amount of bulk with an unfavorable ratio of Volume to surface makes sense.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird die Trocknungsvorrichtung um einen Entfeuchter erweitert, der insbesondere auch baulich in die Systemeinheit des Trockenbehälters integriert werden kann. Dies wird möglich durch Vorsehen eines Membrantrockners zur Entfeuchtung der Trockenluft, da dieser im Vergleich zu den herkömmlichen oben genannten Entfeuchtungsvorrichtungen durch einen geringen Platzbedarf gekennzeichnet ist. Es ist ein Spülgasanschluss und ein Spülgasauslass vorgesehen, die die Durchleitung von Spülgas durch eine Spülstrecke ermöglichen. Die Spülstrecke wird durch die der Trockenstrecke abgewandte Seite der Membran gebildet. Durch das Spülgas wird daher die durch die Membranen durchtretende Feuchtigkeit mitgerissen. Dies erzeugt einen Partialdruckunterschied der Feuchtigkeit zwischen den beiden Seiten der Membran, wodurch die Funktion des Membrantrockners erreicht wird.According to one advantageous embodiment of the invention, the drying device to expanded a dehumidifier, which in particular also structurally in the System unit of the drying container can be integrated. This will be possible by providing a membrane dryer for dehumidifying the dry air since this compared to the conventional ones mentioned above Dehumidifying devices characterized by a small footprint is. There is a purge gas connection and a Spülgasauslass provided which the Passage of purge gas through a purge line allow. The flushing section is formed by the side of the membrane facing away from the drying section. By the purge gas is therefore passing through the membranes Moisture entrained. This produces a partial pressure difference of Moisture between the two sides of the membrane, causing the function of the membrane dryer is achieved.
Eine besondere Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht einen Membrantrockner vor, der zwei Trockengasanschlüsse aufweist, die die Durchleitung des Trockengases durch eine von feuchtigkeitsdurchlässigen Membranen gebildeten Trockenstrecke ermöglicht. Der Querschnitt dieser Trockenstrecke wird so gewählt, dass durch den Membrantrockner gleichzeitig eine Drosselwirkung erzielt wird. Das durchgeleitete Trockengas entspannt sich daher von einem höheren Druckniveau vor dem Membrantrockner zu einem niedrigeren Druckniveau nach erfolgter Trocknung. Durch die Entspannung des Trockengases wird die Feuchtigkeit an den Membranwänden abgeschieden und diffundiert durch die Membranwände. Die Trockenstrecke kann z. B. aus Hohlfasermembranschläuchen gebildet werden, wie diese z. B. aus der DE 196 33 177 A1 bekannt sind. Nach erfolgter Entfeuchtung wird das Trockengas dem Behälter zur Trocknung des Schüttgutes zugeführt.A particular embodiment of the invention provides a membrane dryer vor, which has two dry gas connections, the passage of the Dry gases through one of moisture-permeable membranes formed dry section allows. The cross section of this drying section is chosen so that through the membrane dryer at the same time Throttling effect is achieved. The passed dry gas expands Therefore, from a higher pressure level before the membrane dryer to a lower pressure level after drying. By the relaxation of the Dry gases, the moisture is deposited on the membrane walls and diffuses through the membrane walls. The drying section can z. B. off Hollow fiber membrane tubes are formed, as these z. B. from DE 196 33 177 A1 are known. After dehumidification, the drying gas is the Container supplied for drying the bulk material.
Das Spülgas kann Vorteilhafterweise der Trockenluftleitung hinter dem Membrantrockner entnommen werden. Zu diesem Zweck zweigt eine Spülgasleitung von der Trockengasleitung ab, welche zum Spülgasanschluss des Membrantrockners führt. Bedingung für eine erfolgreiche Entfeuchtung des Trockengases ist, dass der Spülgasfluss kleiner ist als der Trockengasfluss, so dass dem Trockenbehälter überhaupt ein Trockengasstrom zur Verfügung gestellt werden kann. Zu diesem Zweck ist in der Spülgasleitung ein Drosselorgan vorgesehen, welches sich in Abhängigkeit von der benötigten Spülgasmenge einstellen lässt.The purge gas can advantageously the dry air line behind the Membrane dryer can be removed. For this purpose one branches Purging gas line from the dry gas line, which to the purge gas connection of the membrane dryer. Condition for successful dehumidification of the Dry gas is that the purge gas flow is smaller than the dry gas flow, so that the dry container at all a dry gas flow available can be made. For this purpose, in the purge gas line Throttle member provided, which depends on the required Sets the amount of purge gas.
Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, in der Trockengasleitung eine Heizung für das Trockengas vorzusehen. Hierdurch lässt sich das Trockengas auf die für die Trocknung des Granulats ideale Temperatur aufheizen.Furthermore, it is advantageous in the dry gas line, a heater for the Provide dry gas. This allows the dry gas on the for Drying of the granules heat ideal temperature.
Gemäß einer besonderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dem Ausgang des Trockengases aus dem Behälter ein Filter nachgeschaltet. Dieser hält Partikel zurück die das Trockengas bei der Durchströmung des Schüttgutes aufgenommen hat. Der Filter verhindert somit eine Belastung der Arbeitsumgebung des Trockners durch evtl. auftretende Granulatstäube. Letztere können z. B. durch Vorsehen eines Zyklons auch wieder für den Prozess zurückgewonnen werden. According to a particular embodiment of the invention is the Output of the drying gas from the container downstream of a filter. This Retains particles that blow dry gas when flowing through Has received bulk material. The filter thus prevents a burden on Working environment of the dryer due to possibly occurring granulate dusts. The latter can z. B. by providing a cyclone again for the Process to be recovered.
Eine besondere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, das Trockengas einem Druckluftsystem zu entnehmen und über eine Druckluftleitung dem Membrantrockner zuzuführen. Über ein Trockengasdrosselorgan, welches vorzugsweise in die Druckluftleitung eingebaut ist, kann die benötigte Trockenluftmenge eingestellt werden. Das Trockengasdrosselorgan kann bevorzugt als Taktventil ausgebildet sein, welches durch zeitgesteuertes Schalten die Druckluftmenge reduziert, wobei in der Offenstellung des Trockengasdrosselorgans der volle Druck der Versorgung an Druckluft zur Verfügung steht. Hierdurch wird gewährleistet, dass am Membrantrockner der optimale Druckabfall zur Trocknung des Trockengases erreicht wird. Die Druckluft muss vor der Zuführung in den Membrantrockner gereinigt werden. Die hierzu vorgesehenen Filtermittel können zweistufig aufgebaut sein. In der Vorstufe wird z. B. durch einen Papierfilter eine Reinigung von groben Partikeln erreicht, die Feinstufe dient hauptsächlich der Entölung der Druckluft.A particular embodiment of the invention provides, the dry gas one Compressed air system to take and a compressed air line the Supply membrane dryer. About a dry gas throttle, which is preferably installed in the compressed air line, the required Dry air quantity can be adjusted. The dry gas throttle element can Preferably be designed as a clock valve, which by time-controlled Switch the amount of compressed air reduced, being in the open position of the Dry gas throttle body the full pressure of supply of compressed air to Available. This ensures that the membrane dryer of the optimum pressure drop is achieved for drying the drying gas. The Compressed air must be cleaned before it is fed into the membrane dryer. The filter means provided for this purpose can be constructed in two stages. In the Precursor is z. B. by a paper filter cleaning of coarse particles achieved, the fine stage is mainly used to de-oil the compressed air.
Die Anordnung mit einem Filter am Trockenluftausgang des Behälters und der Entnahme der Trockenluft aus einem Druckluftsystem bewirkt einen offenen Kreislauf des Trockengases. Alternativ hierzu kann die Druckluft auch innerhalb eines geschlossenen Trockenluftkreislaufes in der Vorrichtung selbst erzeugt werden. Hierzu wird die Trockenluft nach Verlassen des Behälters dem Druckerzeuger von neuem zugeführt, um anschließend den Membrantrockner erneut zu durchlaufen. Ein offener Kreislauf hat den Vorteil, dass zum Erreichen der gewünschten Trockengastemperaturen nur die Heizung ohne zusätzlichen Einsatz von Rückluftkühlern für das aus dem Behälter ausströmende Trockengas notwendig ist. Der geringere Komponentenaufwand spart Kosten und führt zu einer kompakten Bauform der Vorrichtung.The arrangement with a filter at the dry air outlet of the container and the Removing the dry air from a compressed air system causes an open Cycle of the dry gas. Alternatively, the compressed air can also inside a closed dry air circuit generated in the device itself become. For this purpose, the dry air after leaving the container is the Pressure generator fed again, then the membrane dryer to go through again. An open circuit has the advantage that the Reaching the desired dry gas temperatures, only the heating without additional use of return air coolers for the out of the container outgoing dry gas is necessary. The lower component cost saves costs and leads to a compact design of the device.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird die beschriebene Vorrichtung mit einer Steuerung betrieben. Die Steuerung kann z. B. die Signale eines Temperatursensors, der zwischen Heizung und Behälter angebracht ist, eines Temperatursensors am Trockengasausgang des Behälters und eines Feuchtigkeitssensors hinter dem Ausgang des Membrantrockners auswerten. Über die Restfeuchte des Trockengases hinter dem Membrantrockner lässt sich das Spülluftdrosselorgan steuern, wobei auf diese Weise dem Trockenbehälter Trockenluft konstanter Restfeuchte zur Verfügung gestellt werden kann. Der Temperatursensor hinter der Heizung kann verwendet werden, um die Temperatur des Trockengases zu steuern. Die Temperatursensoren werden weiterhin für einen Temperaturvergleich des Trockengases vor und nach Durchlaufen des Behälters verwendet. Hierdurch lässt sich eine Wärmebilanz aufstellen, über die Rückschlüsse auf den Verlauf des Trocknungsverfahrens möglich sind. Die Steuereinheit kann weiterhin mit der Auslassöffnung des Behälters verbunden sein und die Abführung von getrocknetem Granulat abhängig von dessen Feuchtigkeit veranlassen. Der Betrieb der Vorrichtung ist sowohl im Chargenbetrieb wie auch im kontinuierlichen Betrieb denkbar.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the described Device operated with a controller. The controller can z. B. the Signals from a temperature sensor between the heater and tank is mounted, a temperature sensor on the dry gas outlet of the Container and a humidity sensor behind the output of the Evaluate membrane dryers. About the residual moisture of the drying gas behind the membrane dryer can be controlled by the purge air throttle organ, wherein on this way the drying tank dry air constant residual moisture to Can be made available. The temperature sensor behind the heater can be used to control the temperature of the drying gas. The Temperature sensors will continue to be used for a temperature comparison of Dry gas used before and after passing through the container. hereby can set up a heat balance, on the conclusions about the course of the drying process are possible. The control unit can continue with be connected to the outlet opening of the container and the discharge of cause dried granules depending on its moisture. Of the Operation of the device is both in batch mode as well as in the continuous operation conceivable.
Durch die geringe Größe sowie den einfachen Aufbau der unterschiedlichen Komponenten lässt sich die Vorrichtung in einem Gehäuse oder Trägerrahmen integrieren. Es ergibt sich eine Anordnung geringer Baugröße und geringen Gewichts, die flexibel in der Handhabung ist. Auf diese Weise kann die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in kurzer Zeit jeweils an den Orten zum Einsatz kommen, wo die Zuführung geringer Granulatmengen gewünscht ist. Dadurch lässt sich ein optimaler Auslastungsgrad der Vorrichtung erreichen, was die Wirtschaftlichkeit im täglichen Betrieb erhöht. Für die Druckluftvariante der Vorrichtung ist lediglich ein Druckluftanschluss sowie ein elektrischer Anschluss für die Steuerung sowie die Heizung notwendig. Anschlüsse dieser Art sind an den meisten denkbaren Aufstellungsorten verfügbar, so dass keine Umbauten für den Einsatz des Gerätes notwendig sind. Durch Anpassung des Behältervolumens lässt sich die Trockenluftmenge durch das Trockenluftdrosselorgan auf ein Minimum reduzieren. Die Anlage verbraucht also immer nur soviel Druckluft, wie dies für den Befüllungsgrad gerade notwendig ist. Dies trägt zu einem wirtschaftlichen Betrieb der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung bei. Due to the small size and the simple structure of the different Components allow the device in a housing or support frame integrate. This results in an arrangement of small size and low Weight that is flexible in handling. In this way, the Device according to the invention in a short time in each case at the locations for use come where the supply of small granules is desired. Thereby can achieve an optimal degree of utilization of the device, which the Increased efficiency in daily operation. For the compressed air variant of Device is merely a compressed air connection and an electrical connection necessary for the control and the heating. Connections of this type are on Most conceivable sites available, so no tags necessary for the use of the device. By adapting the Container volume can be the amount of dry air through the Reduce dry air throttle to a minimum. The plant consumed So only as much compressed air as just for the degree of filling necessary is. This contributes to an economic operation of the according to the invention device.
Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden in den Zeichnungen anhand von schematischen Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben. Hierbei zeigen
- Figur 1
- ein Blockschaltbild einer Vorrichtung, die durch ein Druckluftversorgungssystem gespeist wird, einen Membrantrockner zur Entfeuchtung der Trockenluft aufweist und deren Behälter verstellbare Trichterwände aufweist,
- Figur 2
- einen trichterförmigen zum Teil aufgeschnitten dargestellten Behälter zur Trocknung von Schüttgut in der Seitenansicht und
- Figur 3
- den Behälter gemäß Figur 2 in der Ansicht von unten.
- FIG. 1
- a block diagram of a device which is fed by a compressed air supply system having a membrane dryer for dehumidifying the dry air and whose container has adjustable funnel walls,
- FIG. 2
- a funnel-shaped partially cut container shown for drying bulk material in the side view and
- FIG. 3
- the container of Figure 2 in the view from below.
Der Figur 1 kann entnommen werden, welchen Weg die Trockenluft durch die
Vorrichtung zur Trocknung von Schüttgütern nimmt. Die Trockenluft wird einer
Druckluftversorgung 10 entnommen und über eine Druckluftleitung 11 einem
Membrantrockner 12 zugeführt. In der Druckluftleitung 11 sind ein Vorfilter 13
zur Abscheidung von Partikeln und Entöler 14 zur Abscheidung des in der
Druckluft befindlichen Öls angeordnet. Der Entöler 14 besitzt eine
Rücklaufleitung 15, die das abgeschiedene Öl dem Druckluftsystem wieder
zuführt. Weiterhin ist ein Taktventil als Trockengasdrosselorgan 16 in der
Druckluftleitung 11 vorgesehen. Das Trockengas durchflutet den
Membrantrockner 12 und passiert dabei eine Trockenstrecke 17, die von
schlauchförmigen Membranen 18 gebildet wird. Beim Durchlaufen der
Trockenstrecke gibt das Trockengas den Großteil seiner Feuchtigkeit ab und
wird in eine Trockengasleitung 19 geleitet, wo sie einen Feuchtigkeitssensor 20
zur Ermittlung der Restfeuchte passiert. In der Trockengasleitung befindet sich
weiterhin eine Abzweigung einer Spülgasleitung 21, die zu einem
Spülgasanschluss 22 am Membrantrockner 12 führt. Als Spülgasdrosselorgan
23 ist ein Magnetventil in der Spülgasleitung 21 vorgesehen, welches den
Spülgasstrom durch eine Spülstrecke 24 des Membrantrockners 12 begrenzt.
Das Spülgas nimmt die durch die Membran tretende Feuchtigkeit auf und
verlässt den Membrantrockner 12 durch einen Spülgasauslass 25. Das
Trockengas durchläuft eine Trockengasheizung 26 und einen
Temperatursensor 27 in der Trockengasleitung 19, um dann durch einen
Eingang 28 einem Behälter 29 zugeführt zu werden. Der Behälter 29 weist
einstellbare Trichterwandungen 30 auf und ist mit Schüttgut 31 gefüllt. Das
Trockengas durchströmt das Schüttgut 31 von unten nach oben und wird durch
einen Ausgang 32 aus dem Behälter geleitet. Hier befindet sich ein weiterer
Temperatursensor 27 und ein Filter 33. Das Schüttgut 31 kann durch eine
Zuführung 34 in den Behälter 29 gefüllt werden und durch eine Auslassöffnung
35 wieder entnommen werden. Zuführung 34 und Auslassöffnung 35 sind
verschließbar ausgeführt.The figure 1 can be seen, which way the dry air through the
Apparatus for drying bulk materials takes. The dry air becomes one
Der Behälter 29 weist eine Doppelwand 54 auf, durch die die Trockenluft
alternativ über eine Bypassleitung 55 geführt werden kann. Sie erreicht dann
über Durchführungen 56 den Eingang 28.The
Für den Betrieb der Vorrichtung ist eine Steuerung 36 vorgesehen. Über
Steuerleitungen 37 wertet diese Steuerung die Signale des
Feuchtigkeitssensors 20 und der Temperatursensoren 27 aus. Von dieser
Auswertung ist die Schaltung des Trockenluftdrosselorganes 16, des
Spülluftdrosselorganes 23, der Trockenluftheizung 26 und der Auslassöffnung
35 abhängig. Zusätzlich können weitere Sensoren wie z. B. ein
Füllstandssensor für das Schüttgut (nicht dargestellt), angeordnet werden. Die
Steuerung läßt auch eine manuelle Beeinflussung der Vorrichtung zu.For the operation of the device, a
Figur 2 zeigt eine Ausgestaltung des trichterförmigen Behälters 29. Dieser stellt
ein für sich ein abgeschlossenes System dar, welches die Zuführung 34 und
die Auslassöffnung 35 für das Schüttgut und den Eingang 28 sowie den
Ausgang 32 für das Trockengas aufweist. Der Behälter weist einen Deckel 38
auf, der die Zuführung 34 freigibt und eine Verstellung von Verstellseiten 39
erlaubt. Die Verstellseiten 39 bilden zusammen mit feststehenden Wandteilen
40 die Flächen des trichterförmigen Behälters. Am oberen Ende der
feststehenden Wandteile 40 ist eine Rastenleiste 41 angebracht, die mit Nasen
42 an den Verstellseiten 39 zusammenwirken. An der unteren Seite sind die
Verstellseiten 39 in Schlitze 43 in einem Zwischenboden 44 des Behälters
eingesteckt. Diese Schlitze wirken wie ein Scharnier, so dass durch leichtes
Anheben der Verstellseite 39 und Ausrasten der Nasen 42 die Verstellseiten 39
in ihrer Neigung schwenkbar sind. Durch Einrasten in die Rastenleiste 41
werden die Verstellseiten 39 fixiert. Der Zwischenboden 44 besitzt mittig eine
Durchgangsöffnung 45 für das Schüttgut. Zur Befüllung des Behälters mit
Schüttgut werden Verschlussmittel 46, z. B. eine Schraubverbindung, gelöst
und der Deckel abgenommen. Dadurch wird die Zuführung 34 des Behälters
freigegeben. Gleichzeitig kann bei geöffnetem Deckel 38 die Verstellung der
Trichtemeigung erfolgen.Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the funnel-shaped
Aus Figur 3 wird die Gestaltung der feststehenden Wandteile 40 deutlich. Die
eine davon ist schräg angeordnet und besitzt zwei Knicke 47, besteht also aus
drei ebenen Wandteilen. Durch die Neigung der sich so ergebenden
Dreiecksflächen 48 ist gewährleistet, dass Seitenränder 49 (in Figur 3
gestrichelt dargestellt) der Verstellflächen 39 immer an der Innenseite der
Dreiecksflächen 48 anliegen. Der andere feststehende Wandteil 40 ist
senkrecht ausgestaltet und besitzt eine Wartungsöffnung 50 (siehe Figur 1) die
durch einen Wartungsdeckel 51 verschlossen ist Weiterhin sind am Behälter
Befestigungsbohrungen 52, die die Integration des Behälters in einem Gehäuse
oder auf einem Rahmen ermöglichen, angebracht. Mit Hilfe eines
Befestigungsflansches 53 lässt sich der Behälter z. B. auf einer
Kunststoffspritzgießmaschine befestigen, wobei die Auslassöffnung mit einem
nicht dargestelltem Einlass der Spritzgießmaschine kommuniziert.From Figure 3, the design of the fixed
Claims (14)
- Apparatus for drying bulk materials, said apparatus having a container (29), which is at least partially funnel-shaped and includes a supplying means (34) and a closable outlet opening (35) for the solid material, wherein an inlet (28) and an outlet (32) for a drying gas are disposed on the container in such a manner that the drying gas flow leads through the solid material, characterised in that the volume of the container (29) is variable by means of a funnel wall (30), the inclination of which is at least partially adjustable.
- Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the container (29) in the funnel-shaped region comprises at least three flat faces (39, 40), the inclination of which is adjustable, at least one of said faces (39, 40) being an adjusting side (39).
- Apparatus according to claim 2, characterised in that the container (29) in the funnel-shaped region comprises at least four flat faces, two of which are adjusting sides (39), which are situated opposite each other and have an adjustable inclination.
- Apparatus according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterised in that at least one adjusting side (39) is mounted so as to be pivotal in the region of the outlet opening (35) and is securable in the region of the supplying means (34) at various angles of inclination.
- Apparatus according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that fixed wall parts of the container are developed in such a manner that the adjustable wall parts abut the inner face of the fixed wall parts with their side edges (49) irrespective of their position internally of the provided adjustment range.
- Apparatus according to one of the previous claims characterised in that a maintenance opening (50) is disposed in the fixed wall parts of the container.
- Apparatus according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the funnel-shaped container is at least partially double-walled, a space being formed for conducting the drying gas by the double wall.
- Apparatus according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that a dehydrating means is connected upstream of the inlet (28) for preparing the drying gas, the dehydrating means being a membrane drier (12) with a drying section (17) for the drying gas and a scavenging gas section (24) for scavenging gas, the scavenging gas section being formed by the side of the membranes (18) remote from the drying section (17).
- Apparatus according to claim 8, characterised in that the drying section (17), which is formed by moisture permeable membranes (18), is in the form of throttling means for the drying gas.
- Apparatus according to claim 8 to 9, characterised in that there is provided a scavenging gas line (21), which is provided with a scavenging gas throttling member and branches off from a drying gas line (19), which connects the membrane drier (12) and the container (29), said scavenging gas line (21) being connected to a scavenging gas connection (22).
- Apparatus according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterised in that the drying gas line (19) includes a drying gas heating means (26).
- Apparatus according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterised in that a filter (33) is connected downstream of the outlet (32).
- Apparatus according to one of claims 8 to 12, characterised in that the membrane drier (12) is connected to a compressed air line (11), which includes a drying gas throttling member (16) and filtering means (13, 14) for cleaning the compressed air.
- Apparatus according to one of claims 7 to 13, characterised in that a moisture sensor is provided in the drying gas line (19) and a temperature sensor (27) is provided in the drying gas flow in each case in front of the inlet (28) and after the outlet (32), said sensors being connected to means for controlling (36, 37) the drying gas throttling member (16), the scavenging gas throttling member (23), the drying gas heating means (26) and/or the outlet opening (35).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04101201A EP1435499A2 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 1999-10-26 | Apparatus for drying bulk materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19850303 | 1998-10-30 | ||
| DE19850303A DE19850303A1 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 1998-10-30 | Drying device for bulk goods |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04101201A Division EP1435499A2 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 1999-10-26 | Apparatus for drying bulk materials |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0997696A2 EP0997696A2 (en) | 2000-05-03 |
| EP0997696A3 EP0997696A3 (en) | 2001-12-05 |
| EP0997696B1 true EP0997696B1 (en) | 2005-03-09 |
Family
ID=7886313
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04101201A Withdrawn EP1435499A2 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 1999-10-26 | Apparatus for drying bulk materials |
| EP99121287A Expired - Lifetime EP0997696B1 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 1999-10-26 | Apparatus for drying bulk materials |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04101201A Withdrawn EP1435499A2 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 1999-10-26 | Apparatus for drying bulk materials |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6199294B1 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP1435499A2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE290678T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19850303A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102374760A (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2012-03-14 | 莫雷托股份公司 | Hopper structure, dehumidification plant and method for dehumidifying granular plastic material |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001098720A1 (en) * | 2000-06-16 | 2001-12-27 | Novatec Inc. | System, apparatus, and method for reducing moisture content of particulate material |
| US6655043B1 (en) * | 2001-09-21 | 2003-12-02 | Apac Inc. | Dryer moisture indicator |
| WO2005019749A2 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-03-03 | Manufacturing And Technology Conversion International, Inc. | Efficient and cost-effective biomass drying |
| FR2862129A1 (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2005-05-13 | Olivier Kaelbel | Granulated thermoplastic material drying process for injection machine, involves circulating compressed air via filtration units then via membrane separator of drying units, expanding dry air from separator and heating air |
| ITVR20040162A1 (en) * | 2004-10-19 | 2005-01-19 | Moretto Plastics Automation Srl | ADHESURING DEHUMIDIFIER FOR GRANULES OF PLASTIC MATERIAL |
| DE602006015242D1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2010-08-12 | Gea Process Engineering As | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A SPRAY DRYING DEVICE BY REGULATING THE INTAKE AIR RATE AND SPRAY DRYING DEVICE |
| US8108074B2 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2012-01-31 | Honeywell International Inc. | Apparatus and method for optimizing operation of sugar dryers |
| MX2017000550A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2017-08-21 | Nestec Sa | Product cooling apparatuses. |
| CN115355670B (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2023-06-27 | 云南云之香米业有限公司 | Quick-drying device for rice processing |
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| US2560141A (en) * | 1948-06-21 | 1951-07-10 | James F Tipps | Means for cooling and drying grain and seed |
| DE1106251B (en) * | 1959-08-08 | 1961-05-04 | Elba Werk Maschinen Gmbh & Co | Bulk goods container, especially dosing silo for granular and powdery building materials |
| DE1531920A1 (en) * | 1967-10-05 | 1970-01-15 | Eisgruber Karl Heinrich | Silo system |
| US4159580A (en) * | 1977-11-25 | 1979-07-03 | Welch Jr Richard | Grain drying bin |
| DE2757527C3 (en) * | 1977-12-23 | 1981-09-24 | Schwäbische Hüttenwerke GmbH, 7080 Aalen | Device to improve the flow behavior of poorly flowing bulk material |
| FR2449054A2 (en) * | 1979-02-19 | 1980-09-12 | Prunet Achille | Wine making vessel with discharge screw conveyor in base channel - has horizontal grill to maintain and then break up marc cake |
| DE3009818A1 (en) * | 1980-03-14 | 1981-10-01 | Krupp-Koppers Gmbh, 4300 Essen | COOLER FOR KOKS DRY COOLING |
| DD154627A1 (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1982-04-07 | Peter Kersten | NON-SMOKE LEADING DEVICE FOR SCHOOL SUPPLIERS, PARTICULARLY TO LOADERS OF DAILY MACHINERY DEVICES |
| US4412392A (en) * | 1982-06-07 | 1983-11-01 | Keller Richard L | Grain drying and storage structure |
| DE3234431A1 (en) * | 1982-09-17 | 1984-03-22 | Roderich Wilhelm Dr.-Ing. 6100 Darmstadt Gräff | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REMOVING GASES AND STEAMS FROM DRYING FUNNELS FILLED WITH BULK MATERIAL |
| US5096302A (en) * | 1991-04-24 | 1992-03-17 | Spirex Corporation | Plastic feeding device and method |
| US5210962A (en) * | 1991-09-13 | 1993-05-18 | Jones Jr John B | Vertical shaft processor |
| DE9211730U1 (en) * | 1992-09-01 | 1994-01-05 | Ttw Thermo Technik Produktions | Drying container for drying plastic granules |
| DE4334758A1 (en) * | 1993-10-13 | 1995-04-20 | Bibox Mehrweg Verpackungssyst | Reusable box |
| DE4335225C1 (en) * | 1993-10-15 | 1994-09-08 | Ambos & Langbein Elektro Elekt | Process for drying and conveying plastics granules (pellets) and apparatus for carrying out the process |
| US5799412A (en) * | 1996-04-11 | 1998-09-01 | Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. | Drying solid polymer apparatus |
| DE19633177A1 (en) | 1996-08-17 | 1998-02-19 | Mann & Hummel Filter | Liquid filter element |
| US5893218A (en) * | 1997-04-15 | 1999-04-13 | Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. | Seed dryer with automatic control of temperature air flow direction and rate |
-
1998
- 1998-10-30 DE DE19850303A patent/DE19850303A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-10-26 EP EP04101201A patent/EP1435499A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-10-26 EP EP99121287A patent/EP0997696B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-10-26 AT AT99121287T patent/ATE290678T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-10-26 DE DE59911725T patent/DE59911725D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-10-29 US US09/428,987 patent/US6199294B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102374760A (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2012-03-14 | 莫雷托股份公司 | Hopper structure, dehumidification plant and method for dehumidifying granular plastic material |
| CN102374760B (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2015-12-16 | 莫雷托股份公司 | For the dehumidification equipment of dehumidifying granular plastic material and method and hopper construction |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0997696A3 (en) | 2001-12-05 |
| DE19850303A1 (en) | 2000-05-04 |
| DE59911725D1 (en) | 2005-04-14 |
| EP1435499A2 (en) | 2004-07-07 |
| ATE290678T1 (en) | 2005-03-15 |
| US6199294B1 (en) | 2001-03-13 |
| EP0997696A2 (en) | 2000-05-03 |
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