EP0993234A2 - Apparatus for melting, tempering and conveyance of molten metal - Google Patents

Apparatus for melting, tempering and conveyance of molten metal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0993234A2
EP0993234A2 EP99118853A EP99118853A EP0993234A2 EP 0993234 A2 EP0993234 A2 EP 0993234A2 EP 99118853 A EP99118853 A EP 99118853A EP 99118853 A EP99118853 A EP 99118853A EP 0993234 A2 EP0993234 A2 EP 0993234A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spindle
und
melting
pin
bearing shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99118853A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0993234B1 (en
EP0993234A3 (en
Inventor
Matthias Krödel
Jens Rosenlöcher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ing Rauch Fertigungstechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
RAUCH FERTIGUNGSTECH GmbH
Ing Rauch Fertigungstechnik GmbH
ECM Ingenieur Unternehmen fuer Energie und Umwelttechnik GmbH
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Publication of EP0993234A2 publication Critical patent/EP0993234A2/en
Publication of EP0993234A3 publication Critical patent/EP0993234A3/en
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Publication of EP0993234B1 publication Critical patent/EP0993234B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/03—Electrodes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
    • F27D11/02—Ohmic resistance heating
    • F27D11/04—Ohmic resistance heating with direct passage of current through the material being heated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/14—Charging or discharging liquid or molten material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/60—Heating arrangements wherein the heating current flows through granular powdered or fluid material, e.g. for salt-bath furnace, electrolytic heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/004—Linings or walls comprising means for securing bricks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
    • F27D2003/0054—Means to move molten metal, e.g. electromagnetic pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D27/00—Stirring devices for molten material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for melting, tempering, homogenizing, Alloying, degassing, deoxidizing, fine and other smelting metallurgical Processes as well as for conveying, circulating, mixing, dosing and others Transport and movement processes in the liquid state, preferably from Metals, alloys, hot, aggressive, corrosive and abrasive liquids and fluidized media.
  • melt metallurgical and other process engineering processes as well as conveying, moving, dosing and other transport and movement processes, especially of metals often used melting furnaces, melting and dosing furnaces or dosing furnaces with a gas or electric wall heating and a pump, circulation, Mixing, conveying and dosing equipment are equipped.
  • the vessel wall 1 made of a good heat-conducting material with ribs 2 and one or a plurality of detachably or permanently connected cover walls 3 form heating channels 4, in which electrical heating wires 5 are arranged by means of electrically non-conductive Brackets spaced from the walls of the heating duct 4 and in holes are slidably mounted.
  • Vessel wall 1, ribs 2 and top wall 3 form a material-saving, Heat-resistant and high-strength composite construction.
  • the heating wires 5 can radiate their heat on all sides without Give up the risk of overheating to the walls of the heating duct 4, from where the thermal energy flows through the vessel wall 1 into the molten pool 7.
  • the insulation 8 only comes into conductive or radiant heat exchange with the top wall 3 and not with the much hotter heating wire 5, which leads to less Energy loss to the environment.
  • the pump unit 9 is immersed at a suitable point in the molten bath 7 essentially from the spindle 10 with the conveying thread 11 and the dip tube 12.
  • the spindle 10 is in the area of the feed thread 11 with little play in the dip tube 12 guided by a roller bearing 13, the dip tube 12 and the drive side Spindle end 14 is arranged and a plain bearing, which is from the melt side Spindle pin 15 and the bearing shell 16 of the dip tube 12 are formed becomes.
  • the inlet bores 21 are axially inclined in the spindle journal 15 arranged, whereby a suction of the medium at lower filling levels of the melting bath 7 is possible.
  • the rolling bearing 13 is axially fixed on the spindle end 14 by means of a conical collet 29 with an inner recess 30 and more Axial slots 31 is provided and by means of two elastic axially braced Clamping plates 32 is pressed radially against the spindle end 14.
  • the clamping sleeve 29 and the clamping plates 32 become bias losses or increases due to creep and setting processes or thermal expansion differences between the spindle 10, which is preferably made of ceramic and preferably metal ferrule 29 without loosening the connection or destruction of the spindle end 14 of the spindle 10 due to impermissible Avoid pressing.
  • the in the spindle end 29 from the melt pool 7 essentially by heat conduction Rising heat is generated by air cooling the large-area clamping plates 32 dissipated, the drive-side clamping plate 32 is provided with drivers 33 and as part of the elastic coupling to the temperature sensitive drive motor 34 is formed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

Apparatus comprises a vessel wall (1), ribs (2) and a covering wall (3), all forming hot channels (4).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Schmelzen, Temperieren, Homogenisieren, Legieren, Entgasen, Desoxydieren, Feinen und sonstigen schmelzmetallurgischen Prozessen sowie zum Fördern, Umwälzen, Vermischen, Dosieren und sonstigen Transport- und Bewegungsprozessen im flüssigen Zustand, vorzugsweise von Metallen, Legierungen, heißen, aggressiven, korrosiv und abrasiv wirkenden Flüssigkeiten und fluidisierten Medien.The invention relates to a device for melting, tempering, homogenizing, Alloying, degassing, deoxidizing, fine and other smelting metallurgical Processes as well as for conveying, circulating, mixing, dosing and others Transport and movement processes in the liquid state, preferably from Metals, alloys, hot, aggressive, corrosive and abrasive liquids and fluidized media.

Zum Schmelzen, Temperieren, Durchführung von schmelzmetallurgischen und sonstigen verfahrenstechnischen Prozessen sowie Fördern, Bewegen, Dosieren und sonstigen Transport- und Bewegungsprozessen insbesondere von Metallen werden häufig Schmelzöfen, Schmelz- und Dosieröfen oder Dosieröfen verwendet, die mit einer gas- oder elektrisch betriebenen Wandbeheizung und einer Pump-, Umwälz-, Misch-, Förder- und Dosiereinrichtung ausgerüstet sind.For melting, tempering, carrying out melt metallurgical and other process engineering processes as well as conveying, moving, dosing and other transport and movement processes, especially of metals often used melting furnaces, melting and dosing furnaces or dosing furnaces with a gas or electric wall heating and a pump, circulation, Mixing, conveying and dosing equipment are equipped.

Nachteilig bei den genannten Einrichtungen ist, daß insbesondere bei Flüssigmetall

  • die Größe der Schmelz- und/oder Dosierbehälter durch die erforderliche äußere Heizfläche der Behälterwand
  • und bei elektrischer Beheizung zusätzlich durch Größe und hohen Platzbedarf der elektrischen Heizelemente
  • insbesondere bei in der Regel ebenen oder glatten äußeren Gefäßwänden bestimmt wird,
  • was zu großem Einsatz von Heizdraht- und Wandmaterial, hohem Aufwand an direkt betrahltem und thermisch hoch belastetem Isoliermaterial,
  • beträchtlichen Energieverlusten an die Umgebung
  • hohem Schmelzbadvolumen mit großer Dichtungslänge und hohem Schutzgasverbrauch führt,
  • und große Wanddicken des Gefäßes zur Erzielung ausreichender mechanischer Festigkeit gegenüber statischer und dynamischer Beanspruchung durch das Medium erforderlich sind
A disadvantage of the devices mentioned is that in particular in the case of liquid metal
  • the size of the melting and / or dosing container due to the required outer heating surface of the container wall
  • and in the case of electrical heating, additionally due to the size and large space requirement of the electrical heating elements
  • is determined in particular in the case of generally flat or smooth outer vessel walls,
  • which leads to the large use of heating wire and wall material, high expenditure of directly irradiated and thermally highly stressed insulating material,
  • considerable energy losses to the environment
  • high melt pool volume with long seal length and high shielding gas consumption,
  • and large wall thicknesses of the vessel are required to achieve sufficient mechanical strength against static and dynamic stress from the medium

Durch Reflexion der Wärmestrahlung an der Isolierung und Strahlungseinfall benachbarter Heizelemente ist die Wärmeleistung bzw. die Standzeit der Heizelemente begrenzt und die Heizflächenbelastung ungleichmäßig über die Heizelementenoberfläche verteilt.By reflection of the heat radiation on the insulation and radiation incidence of neighboring Heating elements is the heat output or the service life of the heating elements limited and the heating surface load unevenly over the heating element surface distributed.

Die zur Förderung häufig verwendeten Schraubenpumpen haben aufgrund der

  • aggressiven Korrosionseigenschaften
  • unzureichenden Schmierfähigkeit des Mediums
  • hohen Grenzflächenspannung und geringen Benetzungsfähigkeit
  • Turbulenz- und Kavitationsneigung infolge geringer kinematischer Zähigkeit und hoher Dichte
  • hohen Temperatur
der Schmelze im allgemeinen folgende Nachteile
  • niedrige energetische Wirkungsgrade
  • geringe Druckhöhe und Förderleistung
  • unzureichende schmelzenseitige Lagerungsbedingungen der Förderspindel,
  • hohen Verschleiß und unzureichende Lebensdauer
  • ungenaue Führung und Spaltgeometrie des Fördergewindes
  • hohe Wärmebelastung und geringe Lebensdauer von Motor und Getriebe
The screw pumps often used for conveying have due to the
  • aggressive corrosion properties
  • insufficient lubricity of the medium
  • high interfacial tension and low wettability
  • Turbulence and cavitation tendency due to low kinematic toughness and high density
  • high temperature
the melt generally has the following disadvantages
  • low energy efficiency
  • low pressure and delivery rate
  • inadequate storage conditions of the conveyor spindle on the melt side,
  • high wear and insufficient lifespan
  • imprecise guidance and gap geometry of the conveyor thread
  • high thermal load and short service life of engine and transmission

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung zum Schmelzen, Temperieren und Fördern von Flüssigmetall und anderen Flüssigkeiten zu entwickeln, die folgende Vorteile und Verbesserungen aufweist:

  • erhöhte Heizflächenbelastung der Gefäßwand
  • gesteigerte Wärmeleistung der Heizelemente
  • verringerte Volumen, Masse und Abmessungen des Gefäßes,
  • reduzierte Energieverluste und Isolieraufwand,
  • verbesserte Führung und Lagerung der Förderspindel
  • geringere mechanische Belastung durch das strömende Medium,
  • ausreichende Schmierung der schmelzenseitigen Lagerung der Förderspindel,
  • höhere Förderleistung, Druckhöhe und energetischer Wirkungsgrad der Pumpeneinrichtung,
  • geringer Verschleiß, erhöhte Lebensdauer der Pumpeneinrichtung
  • Wärmeabfuhr und ausreichende Kühlung von Motor und Getriebe
  • Hohe mechanische Festigkeit der Gefäßwand bei geringem Materialeinsatz
The object of the present invention is to develop a device for melting, tempering and conveying liquid metal and other liquids, which has the following advantages and improvements:
  • increased heating surface load on the vessel wall
  • increased heat output of the heating elements
  • reduced volume, mass and dimensions of the vessel,
  • reduced energy losses and insulation effort,
  • improved guidance and storage of the conveyor spindle
  • less mechanical stress from the flowing medium,
  • adequate lubrication of the melt-side bearing of the conveyor spindle,
  • higher delivery capacity, pressure level and energy efficiency of the pump device,
  • low wear, increased service life of the pump device
  • Heat dissipation and sufficient cooling of the engine and transmission
  • High mechanical strength of the vessel wall with minimal use of materials

Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wird dies dadurch erreicht, daß

  • die stab- oder schraubenförmigen elektrischen Heizdrähte in U-förmig oder vollumhüllenden Heizkanälen angeordnet sind, die von der Gefäßwand und gut wärmeleitend miteinander verbundenen Rippen und Deckwand gebildet werden,
  • die Kanäle so ausgebildet sind, daß sie mit der Gefäßwand eine tragfähige Verbundkonstruktion bilden,
  • die Heizdrähte mittels elektrisch nichtleitender Halterungen in den Heizkanälen geführt und distanziert sind,
  • heiße Gase durch in die Wandung eingearbeitete Kanäle geführt werden,
  • eine aus schmelzkorrosionsbeständiger Keramik ausgebildete Förderspindel schmelzenseitig und antriebsseitig in einem Tauchrohr aus schmelzkorrosionsbeständiger Keramik gelagert ist,
  • die saug/schmelzenseitig angeordnete Anschnittkante der Förderspindel und die druck/antriebsseitig angeordnete Abstreifkante der Förderspindel spiralschraubenförmig radial geneigt und über den Spindelschraubengang gestreckt sind,
  • tangential in der Wandung des Tauchrohres eingebrachte Zulaufbohrungen in einen zwischen schmelzenseitigem Spindelzapfen und Fördergewinde der Spindel angeordneten Strömungsraum führen,
  • am schmelzenseitigen Ende der Förderspindel ein Spindelzapfen und das als Lagerschale ausgebildete schmelzenseitige Tauchrohrende ein Gleitlager bilden,
  • auf der Zylinderoberfläche des Spindelzapfens mehrere keilförmige druckfeldbildende Vertiefungen angebracht sind, die durch mittels Zentrifugalkräften erzeugtem Flüssigkeitsdruck beaufschlagt werden,
  • der Flüssigkeitsdruck durch radial geneigte und mit einer Zentralbohrung verbundene Schleuderbohrungen im schmelzenseitigen Spindelzapfen erzeugt und in die keilförmigen Vertiefungen übertragen wird,
  • im schmelzenseitigen Zapfen mehrere axial geneigte Zulaufbohrungen angeordnet sind, die in den Strömungsraum führen,
  • am antriebsseitigen Spindelende eine mit einer inneren Freidrehung und mehreren axialen Schlitzen versehene elastische Klemmhülse mit konischer Außenfläche an das Spindelende durch zwei elastische Spannplatten radial angepreßt wird, die als Kühlflächen und als elastische Kupplungseinheit zur Antriebswelle des Motors dienen.
According to the present invention, this is achieved in that
  • the rod-shaped or screw-shaped electrical heating wires are arranged in U-shaped or fully enveloping heating channels, which are formed by the wall of the vessel and ribs and top wall connected to one another with good thermal conductivity,
  • the channels are designed so that they form a load-bearing composite construction with the vessel wall,
  • the heating wires are guided and spaced in the heating channels by means of electrically non-conductive holders,
  • hot gases are led through channels built into the wall,
  • a conveyor spindle made of melt-corrosion-resistant ceramic is mounted on the melt side and drive side in an immersion tube made of melt-corrosion-resistant ceramic,
  • the cut edge of the feed spindle arranged on the suction / melt side and the wiping edge of the feed spindle arranged on the pressure / drive side are radially inclined in the form of a spiral screw and stretched over the screw flight,
  • lead inlet bores made tangentially in the wall of the immersion tube into a flow space arranged between the melt-side spindle pin and the conveying thread of the spindle,
  • at the melt-side end of the conveyor spindle, a spindle pin and the melt-side dip tube end designed as a bearing shell form a plain bearing,
  • on the cylinder surface of the spindle journal there are several wedge-shaped depressions forming pressure fields which are acted upon by liquid pressure generated by centrifugal forces,
  • the liquid pressure is generated by radially inclined centrifugal bores connected to a central bore in the melt-side spindle journal and is transmitted into the wedge-shaped depressions,
  • several axially inclined inlet bores are arranged in the melt-side pin and lead into the flow space,
  • at the drive end of the spindle, an elastic clamping sleeve with a conical outer surface, provided with an internal free rotation and several axial slots, is pressed radially onto the spindle end by two elastic clamping plates, which serve as cooling surfaces and as an elastic coupling unit for the drive shaft of the motor.

Die Erfindung wird unter Bezug auf die dazugehörigen Zeichnungen näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1: Gefäß mit Pumpeneinrichtung sowie Gefäßwand mit Heizkanälen
  • Fig. 2: U-förmiger Kanal mit Heizdraht und elektrisch isolierender Halterung
  • Fig. 3: Spindel mit Lagerungen und Spannvorrichtung im Tauchrohr
  • Fig. 4: Spindelzapfen mit Keilfächen, Verteilerkanälen und Schleuderbohrungen
    • Show it:
  • Fig. 1: Vessel with pump device and vessel wall with heating channels
  • Fig. 2: U-shaped channel with heating wire and electrically insulating holder
  • Fig. 3: Spindle with bearings and clamping device in the dip tube
  • Fig. 4: Spindle pin with wedge surfaces, distribution channels and centrifugal bores

    • Die Gefäßwand 1 aus gut wärmeleitendem Material mit Rippen 2 und einer oder mehreren lösbar oder unlösbar verbundenen Deckwänden 3 bilden Heizkanäle 4, in denen elektrische Heizdrähte 5 angeordnet sind, die mittels elektrisch nichtleitender Halterungen gegenüber den Wänden des Heizkanals 4 distanziert und in Bohrungen gleitend gelagert sind. Gefäßwand 1, Rippen 2 und Deckwand 3 bilden eine materialsparende, wärmespannungsunempfindliche und hochfeste Verbundkonstruktion.The vessel wall 1 made of a good heat-conducting material with ribs 2 and one or a plurality of detachably or permanently connected cover walls 3 form heating channels 4, in which electrical heating wires 5 are arranged by means of electrically non-conductive Brackets spaced from the walls of the heating duct 4 and in holes are slidably mounted. Vessel wall 1, ribs 2 and top wall 3 form a material-saving, Heat-resistant and high-strength composite construction.

    Durch den gut wärmeleitenden Kontakt zwischen der Gefäßwand 1, den Rippen 2 und der Deckwand 3 können die Heizdrähte 5 ihre Strahlungswärme allseitig ohne Gefahr der Überhitzung an die Wände des Heizkanals 4 abgeben, von wo die Wärmeenergie durch die Gefäßwand 1 in das Schmelzbad 7 fließt. Die Isolierung 8 kommt dadurch lediglich mit der Deckwand 3 in konduktiven bzw. Strahlungswärmeaustausch und nicht mit dem wesentlich heißeren Heizdraht 5, was zu geringeren Energieverlusten an die Umgebung führt.Due to the good heat-conducting contact between the vessel wall 1, the ribs 2 and the top wall 3, the heating wires 5 can radiate their heat on all sides without Give up the risk of overheating to the walls of the heating duct 4, from where the thermal energy flows through the vessel wall 1 into the molten pool 7. The insulation 8 only comes into conductive or radiant heat exchange with the top wall 3 and not with the much hotter heating wire 5, which leads to less Energy loss to the environment.

    Die an geeigneter Stelle in das Schmelzbad 7 eintauchende Pumpeneinheit 9 besteht im wesentlichen aus der Spindel 10 mit Fördergewinde 11 und Tauchrohr 12. Die Spindel 10 ist im Bereich des Fördergewindes 11 mit geringem Spiel im Tauchrohr 12 geführt durch ein Wälzlager 13, das zwischen Tauchrohr 12 und antriebsseitigem Spindelende 14 angeordnet ist und einer Gleitlagerung, die vom schmelzenseitigen Spindelzapfen 15 und der Lagerschale 16 des Tauchrohres 12 gebildet wird.The pump unit 9 is immersed at a suitable point in the molten bath 7 essentially from the spindle 10 with the conveying thread 11 and the dip tube 12. The spindle 10 is in the area of the feed thread 11 with little play in the dip tube 12 guided by a roller bearing 13, the dip tube 12 and the drive side Spindle end 14 is arranged and a plain bearing, which is from the melt side Spindle pin 15 and the bearing shell 16 of the dip tube 12 are formed becomes.

    Der Außendurchmesser des im Pumpenschacht 17 mit geringem radialen Spiel drehenden Fördergewindes 11 verringert sich am schmelzenseitigen und am antriebsseitigen Ende stetig bis auf den Durchmesser des Spindelkerns 18, so daß die Anschnittkante 19 und die Abstreifkante 20 des Fördergewindes 11 über den Umfang längs einer kegligen Schraubenlinie gestreckt sind, wodurch starke örtlich konzentrierte Verwirbelungen und Kavitationen des aus dem Schmelzbad 7 aufsteigenden Mediums vermieden werden. The outer diameter of the rotating in the pump shaft 17 with little radial play Conveying thread 11 is reduced on the melt side and on the drive side End steadily up to the diameter of the spindle core 18, so that the Gating edge 19 and the stripping edge 20 of the conveying thread 11 over the circumference are stretched along a tapered helix, making strong locally concentrated Turbulence and cavitation of the ascending from the melt pool 7 Medium are avoided.

    Auf der Saugseite der Pumpeneinrichtung 9 werden plötzliche Beschleunigungen des Mediums weiterhin dadurch vermieden, daß es durch die tangential in der Wandung des Tauchrohres 12 angeordnete Zulaufbohrungen 21 in den Strömungsraum 22 tritt und beim Auftreffen auf die Anschnittkante 19 des Fördergewindes 11 der Spindel 10 bereits eine erhöhte Rotationsgeschwindigkeit hat.Sudden accelerations occur on the suction side of the pump device 9 the medium further avoided by the fact that it is tangent to the wall of the dip tube 12 arranged inlet bores 21 in the flow space 22 occurs and when hitting the chamfer 19 of the conveyor thread 11 Spindle 10 already has an increased rotational speed.

    In einer weiteren Ausbildung werden die Zulaufbohrungen 21 axial geneigt im Spindelzapfen 15 angeordnet, wodurch ein Ansaugen des Mediums bei geringeren Füllhöhen des Schmelzbades 7 möglich ist.In a further embodiment, the inlet bores 21 are axially inclined in the spindle journal 15 arranged, whereby a suction of the medium at lower filling levels of the melting bath 7 is possible.

    In der Zylinderoberfläche 23 des Spindelzapfens 15 sind auf dem Umfang mehrere Keiltaschen 24 eingearbeitet, die an der Stelle der größten Weite des Keilspaltes 25 zwischen der Keiltasche 24 in der Zylinderoberfläche 23 des Spindelzapfens 15 und der Lagerschale 16 des Tauchrohres 12 direkt oder über Verteilerkanäle 26 mit radial geneigten Schleuderbohrungen 27 verbunden sind, die in eine Zentralbohrung 28 des Spindelzapfens 15 führen. Durch die in den Schleuderbohrungen 27 wirkenden Zentrifugalbeschleunigungen tritt das Medium aus dem Schmelzbad 7 bereits mit einem gewissen Überdruck in die Drucksenke des Keilspaltes 25 ein, wodurch bei schlechter Benetzung (insbesondere bei der Paarung Flüssigmetall/Keramik) die Neigung des Mediums zur Bildung konvexer Oberflächen und mangelhafter Spaltfüllung überwunden wird, so daß es zur Bildung von Flüssigkeitsdruckpolstern in den sich gegen die Bewegungsrichtung der Zylinderoberfläche 23 des Spindelzapfens 15 verengenden Keilspalten 25 zwischen Keiltaschen 24 und Lagerschale 16 des Tauchrohres 12 kommt, wodurch ein stabiler zentrischer Lauf des Spindelzapfens 16 in der Lagerschale 16 des Tauchrohres 12 ohne ständige Festkörperreibung zwischen Lagerschale 16 des Tauchrohres 12 und Zylinderoberfläche 23 des Spindelzapfens 15 der Spindel 10 gewährleistet wird.In the cylinder surface 23 of the spindle pin 15 there are several on the circumference Wedge pockets 24 incorporated at the location of the greatest width of the wedge gap 25 between the wedge pocket 24 in the cylinder surface 23 of the spindle pin 15 and the bearing shell 16 of the immersion tube 12 directly or via distribution channels 26 with radial inclined centrifugal bores 27 which are connected to a central bore 28 of the spindle pin 15 lead. By acting in the centrifugal bores 27 The medium exits the melt pool 7 with a centrifugal acceleration certain overpressure in the pressure sink of the wedge gap 25, whereby at poor wetting (especially when pairing liquid metal / ceramic) The tendency of the medium to form convex surfaces and poor gap filling is overcome so that it forms fluid pressure cushions in the against the direction of movement of the cylinder surface 23 of the spindle pin 15 narrowing wedge gaps 25 between wedge pockets 24 and bearing shell 16 of the Dip tube 12 comes, whereby a stable central run of the spindle pin 16 in the bearing shell 16 of the dip tube 12 without constant solid friction between Bearing shell 16 of the dip tube 12 and cylinder surface 23 of the spindle pin 15 of the spindle 10 is guaranteed.

    Die axiale Fixierung des Wälzlagers 13 auf dem Spindelende 14 erfolgt mittels einer konischen Klemmhülse 29, die mit einer inneren Ausdrehung 30 und mehreren Axialschlitzen 31 versehen ist und mittels zweier elastischer axial verspannter Spannplatten 32 radial gegen das Spindelende 14 gepreßt wird. Durch das Federvermögen der Klemmhülse 29 und der Spannplatten 32 werden Vorspannungsverluste bzw. -überhöhungen durch Kriech- und Setzvorgänge bzw. thermische Dehnungsunterschiede zwischen der vorzugsweise aus Keramik hergestellten Spindel 10 und vorzugsweise aus Metall bestehenden Klemmhülse 29 ohne Lockern der Verbindung oder Zerstörung des Spindelendes 14 der Spindel 10 durch unzulässige Pressungen vermieden.The rolling bearing 13 is axially fixed on the spindle end 14 by means of a conical collet 29 with an inner recess 30 and more Axial slots 31 is provided and by means of two elastic axially braced Clamping plates 32 is pressed radially against the spindle end 14. By the resilience the clamping sleeve 29 and the clamping plates 32 become bias losses or increases due to creep and setting processes or thermal expansion differences between the spindle 10, which is preferably made of ceramic and preferably metal ferrule 29 without loosening the connection or destruction of the spindle end 14 of the spindle 10 due to impermissible Avoid pressing.

    Die im Spindelende 29 aus dem Schmelzbad 7 im wesentlichen durch Wärmeleitung aufsteigende Wärme wird durch eine Luftkühlung der großflächigen Spannplatten 32 abgeführt, wobei die antriebsseitige Spannplatte 32 mit Mitnehmern 33 versehen ist und als ein Teil der elastischen Kupplung zum temperaturempfindlichen Antriebsmotor 34 ausgebildet ist. The in the spindle end 29 from the melt pool 7 essentially by heat conduction Rising heat is generated by air cooling the large-area clamping plates 32 dissipated, the drive-side clamping plate 32 is provided with drivers 33 and as part of the elastic coupling to the temperature sensitive drive motor 34 is formed.

    Verwendete BezugszeichenReference symbols used

    11
    GefäßwandVessel wall
    22nd
    Ripperib
    33rd
    DeckwandTop wall
    44th
    HeizkanalHeating duct
    55
    HeizdrahtHeating wire
    66
    Halterungbracket
    77
    SchmelzbadWeld pool
    88th
    Isolierunginsulation
    99
    PumpeneinheitPump unit
    1010th
    Spindelspindle
    1111
    FördergewindeConveyor thread
    1212th
    TauchrohrDip tube
    1313
    Wälzlagerroller bearing
    1414
    SpindelendeSpindle end
    1515
    SpindelzapfenSpindle pin
    1616
    LagerschaleBearing shell
    1717th
    PumpenschachtPump shaft
    1818th
    SpindelkernSpindle core
    1919th
    AnschnittkanteBleed edge
    2020th
    AbstreifkanteScraper edge
    2121
    ZulaufbohrungInlet bore
    2222
    StrömungsraumFlow space
    2323
    ZylinderoberflächeCylinder surface
    2424th
    KeiltascheWedge pocket
    2525th
    KeilspaltWedge gap
    2626
    VerteilerkanalDistribution channel
    2727
    SchleuderbohrungCentrifugal drilling
    2828
    ZentralbohrungCentral bore
    2929
    KlemmhülseClamping sleeve
    3030th
    Innere AusdrehungInner turn
    3131
    AxialschlitzAxial slot
    3232
    SpannplatteClamping plate
    3333
    MitnehmerCarrier
    3434
    AntriebsmotorDrive motor

    Claims (8)

    Vorrichtung zum Schmelzen, Temperieren und Fördern von fluiden Medien, vorzugsweise Flüssigmetall dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die gut wärmeleitenden miteinander verbundenen Gefäßwand (1), Rippen (2) und Deckwand (3) Heizkanäle (4) bilden.Device for melting, tempering and conveying fluid media, preferably liquid metal, characterized in that the well heat-conducting interconnected vessel wall (1), ribs (2) and top wall (3) form heating channels (4). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Heizkanälen (4) elektrische Heizdrähte (5) mittels elektrisch isolierender Halterungen (6) geführt sind.Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that electrical heating wires (5) are guided in the heating channels (4) by means of electrically insulating holders (6). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in das Schmelzbad (7) eine Pumpeneinheit (9) mit vorzugsweise aus keramischem Werkstoff bestehenden Spindel (10) mit Fördergewinde (11) und Tauchrohr (12) eintaucht, und die Spindel (10) im Tauchrohr (12) mittels eines antriebsseitigen Wälzlagers (13) und den Spindelzapfen (15) in einer Lagerschale (16) des Tauchrohres (12) gelagert ist.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a pump unit (9) with a spindle (10), preferably made of ceramic material, with a conveying thread (11) and immersion tube (12) is immersed in the melting bath (7), and the spindle (10) in the immersion tube ( 12) is mounted in a bearing shell (16) of the dip tube (12) by means of a roller bearing (13) on the drive side and the spindle pin (15). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 und 3 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fördergewinde (11) der Spindel (10) an beiden Enden sich konisch spiralig entlang einer schmelzenseitigen Anschnittkante (19) und einer antriebsseitigen Abstreifkante (20) vom Durchmesser des Pumpenschachtes (17) auf den Durchmesser des Spindelkerns (18) stetig verringert.Device according to Claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the conveying thread (11) of the spindle (10) tapers at both ends in a conical spiral along a melt-side cut edge (19) and a drive-side wiping edge (20) from the diameter of the pump shaft (17) to the diameter of the spindle core (18) steadily reduced. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 und 3 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Tauchrohr (12) zwischen Lagerschale (16) und Pumpenschacht (17) mit radial geneigten Zulaufbohrungen (21) versehen ist.Device according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the immersion tube (12) between the bearing shell (16) and the pump shaft (17) is provided with radially inclined inlet bores (21). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 und 3 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spindelzapfen (15) auf seiner Zylinderoberfläche (23) mit mehreren Keiltaschen (24) versehen ist, die entgegen der Drehrichtung des Spindelzapfens (15) flacher werden und mit der Lagerschale (16) des Tauchrohres (12) einen Keilspalt (25) bilden, und daß die Keiltaschen (24) über Verteilerkanäle (26) und Schleuderbohrungen (27) mit einer Zentralbohrung (28) verbunden sind.Apparatus according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the spindle pin (15) is provided on its cylinder surface (23) with a plurality of wedge pockets (24) which become flatter against the direction of rotation of the spindle pin (15) and with the bearing shell (16) of the dip tube (12) form a wedge gap (25), and that the wedge pockets (24) are connected to a central bore (28) via distributor channels (26) and centrifugal bores (27). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 und 3 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Spindelzapfen (15) axial geneigte Zulaufbohrungen (21) angeordnet sind.Device according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that axially inclined inlet bores (21) are arranged in the spindle pin (15). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 und 3 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf dem Spindelende (14) eine vorzugsweise metallische konische mit einer inneren Ausdrehung (30) und mehreren Axialschlitzen (31)versehene Klemmhülse (29) angeordnet ist, und mittels elastischer Spannplatten (32) radial gegen das Spindelende (14) gespannt wird, und daß die antriebsseitige Spannplatte (32) mit Mitnehmern (33) versehen ist.Device according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that a preferably metallic conical clamping sleeve (29) provided with an internal recess (30) and a plurality of axial slots (31) is arranged on the spindle end (14) and radially counter by means of elastic clamping plates (32) the spindle end (14) is tensioned and that the drive-side clamping plate (32) is provided with drivers (33).
    EP99118853A 1998-09-28 1999-09-24 Apparatus for melting, tempering and conveyance of molten metal Expired - Lifetime EP0993234B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19844345A DE19844345A1 (en) 1998-09-28 1998-09-28 Device for melting, tempering and conveying liquid metal
    DE19844345 1998-09-28

    Publications (3)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0993234A2 true EP0993234A2 (en) 2000-04-12
    EP0993234A3 EP0993234A3 (en) 2000-05-03
    EP0993234B1 EP0993234B1 (en) 2002-11-06

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    ID=7882457

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP99118853A Expired - Lifetime EP0993234B1 (en) 1998-09-28 1999-09-24 Apparatus for melting, tempering and conveyance of molten metal

    Country Status (3)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP0993234B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE227498T1 (en)
    DE (2) DE19844345A1 (en)

    Cited By (2)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    WO2020163889A1 (en) 2019-02-15 2020-08-20 Fill Gesellschaft M.B.H. Melting furnace and a method for melting and/or controlling the temperature of metal melt
    CN112915824A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-08 刘彩妮 Preparation process of environment-friendly water-based ink

    Families Citing this family (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    CN109577944B (en) * 2018-11-28 2022-10-21 王国亭 Method for measuring dynamic control reserves of all layers of multilayer low-permeability tight sandstone gas well

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    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    EP0076057A1 (en) * 1981-09-14 1983-04-06 Nordson Corporation Apparatus for melting and dispensing thermoplastic material
    US4751047A (en) * 1987-05-26 1988-06-14 Nippon Steel Corporation Method of adding low-melting-point metal to molten steel
    JPS63201088A (en) * 1987-02-13 1988-08-19 Sony Corp Controlled-vapor pressure type crystal pulling up device

    Patent Citations (3)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    EP0076057A1 (en) * 1981-09-14 1983-04-06 Nordson Corporation Apparatus for melting and dispensing thermoplastic material
    JPS63201088A (en) * 1987-02-13 1988-08-19 Sony Corp Controlled-vapor pressure type crystal pulling up device
    US4751047A (en) * 1987-05-26 1988-06-14 Nippon Steel Corporation Method of adding low-melting-point metal to molten steel

    Non-Patent Citations (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Title
    PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 012, no. 491 (C-554), 21. Dezember 1988 (1988-12-21) & JP 63 201088 A (SONY CORP), 19. August 1988 (1988-08-19) *

    Cited By (2)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    WO2020163889A1 (en) 2019-02-15 2020-08-20 Fill Gesellschaft M.B.H. Melting furnace and a method for melting and/or controlling the temperature of metal melt
    CN112915824A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-08 刘彩妮 Preparation process of environment-friendly water-based ink

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    EP0993234B1 (en) 2002-11-06
    ATE227498T1 (en) 2002-11-15
    DE19844345A1 (en) 2000-03-30
    EP0993234A3 (en) 2000-05-03
    DE59903305D1 (en) 2002-12-12

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