EP0991789A1 - Tool steel composition - Google Patents
Tool steel compositionInfo
- Publication number
- EP0991789A1 EP0991789A1 EP99910459A EP99910459A EP0991789A1 EP 0991789 A1 EP0991789 A1 EP 0991789A1 EP 99910459 A EP99910459 A EP 99910459A EP 99910459 A EP99910459 A EP 99910459A EP 0991789 A1 EP0991789 A1 EP 0991789A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- weight
- steel
- tool
- temperatures
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/30—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
- C21D1/20—Isothermal quenching, e.g. bainitic hardening
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a steel of the family known as 3% to 5% by weight of chromium used for the manufacture of tools resistant to heat and working under high stresses such as stamping and forging dies, tools dies and molds for static casting or die casting of various alloys such as aluminum, copper or titanium alloys.
- Such steels are alloyed with chromium, molybdenum and vanadium, elements which give them the required heat resistance properties.
- compositions comprising, expressed by weight, the following alloying elements: * 5% of chromium, 1, 3% of molybdenum, 0.5% to 1, 3% of vanadium approximately, or
- the surface of the tools is brought into contact with materials heated to high temperature, for example liquid aluminum at 600 ° C / 750 ° C or steel intended to be forged and preheated to 1200X .
- the surface of the tool is itself brought to high temperature: it follows that a thermal regime is established in the tool between the working part subjected to heating and the rest of the part cooled by conditions natural or forced. 2
- the present invention firstly relates to a steel composition allowing good performance in service under said severe conditions.
- composition which is the subject of the invention comprises, expressed in percentages by weight:
- the composition is within the following limits:
- composition which is the subject of the invention comprises contents of P, Sb, Sn and As, expressed in percentages by weight, which satisfy the relationships:
- the set of alloying elements whose actions complement each other is balanced to give sufficient quenchability necessary for obtaining homogeneous properties in the thickness of large parts.
- Carbon is the basic hardening element, its level is adjusted to obtain sufficient mechanical resistance, while avoiding by excess concentration the formation of eutectic carbides at the solidification. Its content in the alloy according to the invention is 0.3-0.4% by weight, preferably 0.33-0.37% by weight.
- Chromium and molybdenum contribute to quenchability and hardening after quenching and tempering by the formation of alloyed carbides during thermal tempering treatments.
- the content of these elements should not be excessive so as not to favor excessively the formation of chromium-molybdenum carbides to the detriment of vanadium and tungsten carbides.
- the chromium content in the alloy according to the invention is 2.0-4.0% by weight, preferably 2.50-3.50% by weight, as for that of molybdenum it is 0.8- 3.0% by weight, preferably 1.20-2.20% by weight.
- Vanadium contributes to hardening during tempering treatments by the formation of specific carbides, which makes it possible to increase the structural resistance to heating, therefore to shift upwards the higher temperatures admissible in service. An excess of this element would be detrimental to the toughness by the formation of eutectic carbides on solidification and by the segregating nature of this element.
- Its content in the alloy according to the invention is 0.4-1.0% by weight, preferably 0.6-0.9% by weight.
- Tungsten in the same way, supplements the action of vanadium by the same types of mechanisms and contributes in the same way to the raising of the compatible temperatures of use and, in the same way, an excess would be detrimental to the toughness and the structural homogeneity. Its content in the alloy according to the invention is 1.5-3.0% by weight, preferably 1.8-2.6% by weight.
- Cobalt improves mechanical resistance when hot. Its content in the alloy according to the invention is 1.0-5.0% by weight, preferably 1.5-5.0% by weight.
- the contents of silicon and manganese in the alloy according to the invention are each 0-1.0% by weight, preferably 0.20-0.50% by weight.
- the content of nickel in the alloy according to the invention is 0-1.0% by weight, preferably 0-0.30% by weight. More generally, although it is not desired to be bound by any theory, it is therefore believed that obtaining good characteristics for such steels depends on the balance of the alloying elements; it results from the individual properties of each of the elements, but also from their interaction. w The effect of tungsten results from the formation of carbides, in the composition of which this element intervenes. It competes with chromium and molybdenum, knowing that a predominance of chromium carbides is harmful for stability in service. However: 15 - the crystallographic nature of carbides formed according to steels is still poorly understood today,
- the subject of the invention is also a process for the preparation of tool steel having the composition defined above, in which, according to a particular embodiment, an appropriate annealing treatment is carried out, before heat treatment for use, to result in a metallographic structure 5 showing fine and well distributed carbides.
- the quenching is carried out by heating the part to a temperature between 1020 ° C and 1100 ° C, preferably between 1040 ° C and 1070 ° C, then by cooling in a stepped quench at 250 ° C / 320 ° C by any suitable means.
- the desired properties are obtained after carrying out two tempering treatments, after quenching, the first tempering being carried out in the temperature range 550 ° C / 580 ° C, and the second in the range 580 ° C / 680 ° C adjusted according to the hardness of use sought.
- Example 3 Stress rupture tests These tests were carried out on steel A according to the invention, as well as on another steel grade with 5% chromium, 1.2% molybdenum and 0.5% of vanadium and aimed to determine the stress necessary to obtain a rupture of the test pieces in 100 hours. The results are collated in Table 3 below.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9804122A FR2777023B1 (en) | 1998-04-02 | 1998-04-02 | COMPOSITION OF TOOL STEEL |
FR9804122 | 1998-04-02 | ||
PCT/FR1999/000735 WO1999051788A1 (en) | 1998-04-02 | 1999-03-30 | Tool steel composition |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0991789A1 true EP0991789A1 (en) | 2000-04-12 |
EP0991789B1 EP0991789B1 (en) | 2003-05-02 |
Family
ID=9524794
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99910459A Expired - Lifetime EP0991789B1 (en) | 1998-04-02 | 1999-03-30 | Tool steel composition |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6280685B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP0991789B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE239103T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9906337A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2292742A1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE991789T1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2198903T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2777023B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999051788A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU4517601A (en) * | 1999-12-07 | 2001-06-18 | Timken Company, The | Low carbon, low chromium carburizing high speed steels |
FR2858331B1 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2006-12-01 | Aubert Et Duval | SURFACE IN CONTACT WITH TITANIUM OR TITANIUM ALLOY |
US7700210B2 (en) * | 2005-05-10 | 2010-04-20 | Bloom Energy Corporation | Increasing thermal dissipation of fuel cell stacks under partial electrical load |
CN101717892B (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2011-07-20 | 浙江正达模具有限公司 | Hot die steel and tempering process thereof |
CN110157984B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2020-04-10 | 唐山志威科技有限公司 | High-uniformity high-polishing type plastic die steel ZW636 and preparation method thereof |
CN111690800B (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2022-02-18 | 北京首钢吉泰安新材料有限公司 | Steel for cone pulley of wire drawing machine, preparation method of steel, cone pulley of wire drawing machine and application of cone pulley |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2149697A1 (en) * | 1970-10-08 | 1972-04-13 | Allegheny Ludlum Ind Inc | Improved steel, especially for hot forming tools |
SE364997B (en) * | 1972-07-17 | 1974-03-11 | Bofors Ab | |
JPS5436893B2 (en) * | 1973-11-28 | 1979-11-12 | ||
JPS516117A (en) * | 1974-07-06 | 1976-01-19 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | TAINETSUSHOGEKISEIOKAIRYOSHITA KOJINSEITEITANKABUTSUKEINETSUKANKOGUKO |
JPS5534687A (en) * | 1978-09-04 | 1980-03-11 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Precipitation hardening type hot working tool steel |
JPH03134135A (en) * | 1989-10-18 | 1991-06-07 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Tool steel for hot working |
JPH04318148A (en) * | 1991-04-18 | 1992-11-09 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Tool steel for hot working |
-
1998
- 1998-04-02 FR FR9804122A patent/FR2777023B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-03-30 US US09/424,965 patent/US6280685B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-03-30 AT AT99910459T patent/ATE239103T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-03-30 BR BR9906337-9A patent/BR9906337A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-03-30 DE DE0991789T patent/DE991789T1/en active Pending
- 1999-03-30 DE DE69907358T patent/DE69907358T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-03-30 EP EP99910459A patent/EP0991789B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-30 ES ES99910459T patent/ES2198903T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-30 CA CA002292742A patent/CA2292742A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-03-30 WO PCT/FR1999/000735 patent/WO1999051788A1/en active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9951788A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69907358T2 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
DE69907358D1 (en) | 2003-06-05 |
DE991789T1 (en) | 2001-01-11 |
FR2777023A1 (en) | 1999-10-08 |
US6280685B1 (en) | 2001-08-28 |
ATE239103T1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
BR9906337A (en) | 2000-10-03 |
WO1999051788A1 (en) | 1999-10-14 |
CA2292742A1 (en) | 1999-10-14 |
FR2777023B1 (en) | 2000-06-16 |
EP0991789B1 (en) | 2003-05-02 |
ES2198903T3 (en) | 2004-02-01 |
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