EP0990869B1 - Sabot für ein Unterkalibergeschoss - Google Patents

Sabot für ein Unterkalibergeschoss Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0990869B1
EP0990869B1 EP19990117786 EP99117786A EP0990869B1 EP 0990869 B1 EP0990869 B1 EP 0990869B1 EP 19990117786 EP19990117786 EP 19990117786 EP 99117786 A EP99117786 A EP 99117786A EP 0990869 B1 EP0990869 B1 EP 0990869B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sabot
pocket
gravity
projectile
centre
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19990117786
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0990869A1 (de
Inventor
Christian Trouillot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Publication of EP0990869A1 publication Critical patent/EP0990869A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0990869B1 publication Critical patent/EP0990869B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/061—Sabots for long rod fin stabilised kinetic energy projectiles, i.e. multisegment sabots attached midway on the projectile

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of hooves for calibrated projectiles, especially large caliber (greater than or equal to 40mm).
  • Sub-calibrated projectiles have been known since many years they usually have a hoof caliber which is formed of at least three segments surrounding a under calibrated bar.
  • the shoe guides the bar in the tube the weapon when fired. It releases the bar at the exit of the tube of the weapon as a result of the aerodynamic forces which are exerted on him at this moment and which cause the rupture support belts for the three segments.
  • Patent FR2694081 describes such a projectile.
  • Patent EP86711 on which the preamble of the present application describes an under-calibrated projectile the shoe has a front link ring and a belt back.
  • the connecting ring is designed to be more resistant than the rear belt so that this last breaks the first and that the gas pressure which exercises in a back pocket ensures a hoof opening from back to front.
  • the shoe according to the invention is designed so as not to not interfere with the bar and it separates from the bar in a manner substantially parallel to this one.
  • the subject of the invention is a sabot for an under-calibrated projectile and comprising at least three segments of caliber intended to surround an under-calibrated bar
  • sabot comprising first means, such as a front pocket, which are intended to receive a aerodynamic flow at the outlet of the barrel of a weapon during firing, and second means such as a rear pocket, which are intended to receive the propellant gases at the outlet of the barrel of the weapon, shoe
  • the rear pocket has an external leading edge which is at a first plane normal to the axis of the projectile and disposed at a distance L AR from the center of gravity G of the shoe
  • the front pocket also has an edge d external attack which is at the level of a second plane normal to the axis of the projectile and disposed at a distance L AV from the center of gravity G of the hoof
  • the profile of the front and rear pockets being defined so that the moment M AR relative to the center of gravity G of the normal component F ARN of the result of the aerodynamic forces F AR exerte
  • the pocket rear may be at the rearmost end of the shoe and its internal diameter may be between 0.4 and 0.7 hoof gauge.
  • the rear pocket may be located in the vicinity of the center of gravity of the shoe at a distance L AR from its leading edge and from the center of gravity G which is less than or equal to 0.75 caliber, the internal diameter of the rear pocket can then be between 0.8 and 0.95 caliber.
  • the front pocket can be located at the most front of the shoe and its internal diameter can be understood between 0.2 and 0.6 hoof gauge.
  • the front pocket may be located near the center of gravity of the hoof at a distance L AV from its leading edge and from the center of gravity which will be less than or equal to 0.75 caliber, the diameter internal pocket will then be between 0.8 and 0.95 caliber.
  • leading edges front and rear pockets may be substantially equal distance from a mean plane of the belt, this distance could then be less than or equal to 0.75 caliber.
  • the shoe may include a medium support to the caliber disposed in the front part of the hoof and having recesses allowing aerodynamic flow to the pocket before.
  • the support means may be constituted by at least three arms regularly distributed angularly.
  • an under calibrated projectile according to the prior art (for example as described by FR2694081) includes a shoe 1 with the caliber of the barrel of a weapon (not shown) surrounding a sub-calibrated bar 2.
  • the shoe is conventionally made up of three segments forming sectors of 120 ° and which are rendered secured to each other by a guide belt 4 which also seals with propellant gases between the weapon barrel and projectile when fired.
  • the bar is made integral with the hoof for example by thread.
  • Sealing means are provided at the rear shoe to prevent propellant gas from leaking between the joint planes separating the different segments.
  • a rear cover 5 made of silicone secured to a rear part of the shoe 1.
  • the shoe 1 has a front pocket 6 which is intended for receive at the exit of the barrel of the weapon the flow aerodynamic.
  • the result of aerodynamic pressures which exercise in the front pocket 6 causes the tear of the belt 4 and the opening of the hoof.
  • the projectile according to the prior art shown here could be of any caliber greater than 40mm, in particular of 44mm or 120mm.
  • Figure 2 shows a projectile equipped with a shoe 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • This shoe differs from the front shoe in that it comprises a rear pocket 7 which is intended to receive the gases propellants at the exit of the barrel of the weapon.
  • the pressure exerted by these gases has a resultant whose radial component has to open the hoof following a movement of pivoting with respect to a front point B.
  • the efficiency of the opening can easily be quantified by playing on the moment M AR with respect to the center of gravity G of the shoe of the normal component F ARN of the resultant F AR of the aerodynamic forces exerted at the exit of the tube on the rear pocket by propellant gases.
  • This normal component F ARN is perpendicular to the axis 9 of the projectile.
  • Its moment M AR is proportional to the value of F ARN and it is also proportional to the lever arm of the vector F AR with respect to the center of gravity G (see Figure 2).
  • This normal component F AVN is perpendicular to the axis 9 of the projectile. Its moment M AV is proportional to the normal component F AVN and it is also proportional to the lever arm of the vector F AVN with respect to the center of gravity G.
  • the rear pocket will sized to release the bar as soon as possible while avoiding excessive tilting of the rear shoe forward.
  • the effectiveness of the front pocket is felt when the projectile comes out of the propellants, about 20 calibers of the mouth of the tube (2.4 m in 120mm caliber).
  • the aerodynamic forces F AV and F AR will be quantified by a person skilled in the art, for example by calculation on a computer of the force resulting from the elementary pressures exerted on the interior surface of the pocket considered.
  • This resultant has a position and an orientation which depend on pocket geometry and features flow (speed, pressure, orientation).
  • the component of these forces which is preponderant for the opening of the hoof is the normal component to axis 9 of the projectile.
  • the leading edge 10 of the rear pocket is located at a distance L AR from the center of gravity G of the order of 0.75 caliber.
  • L AR the center of gravity
  • the internal diameter of the rear pocket will be between 0.8 and 0.95 caliber.
  • Figure 3 shows a projectile equipped with a shoe 1 according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • a guide range 13 to the gauge is connected to the pocket front 6 by a flat face 14.
  • a rear pocket 7 was placed at a maximum distance from the center of gravity G.
  • the lever arm L AR being large (here of the order of 2 calibers), the efficiency of the rear pocket was reduced by decreasing its caliber (with a constant pocket profile).
  • a rear pocket 7 also has the effect to accelerate the separation of the hoof and the bar, since it has been verified that aerodynamic forces could not exercise on the pocket before at a distance from the weapon around 20 calibers while the forces exerted on the back pocket by propellant gases intervened from the exit of the barrel of the weapon and thus ensured a rupture fast rollover 5.
  • the appropriate sizing of the front pocket by compared to the rear pocket as proposed by the invention ensures a space between the shoe and the bar so substantially parallel by minimizing problems interference with the bar, the front pocket balancing the action of the back pocket avoiding interference shoe / bar at the front part thereof.
  • Figure 4 thus shows the separation of the bar and the hoof segments (only two hoof segments 1a and 1b are shown). This figure corresponds to a snapshot taken at a distance of around 40 calibers from the tube outlet tear.
  • Shots were taken for each configuration to a target located 200 m from the tube.
  • the projectile having a shoe according to FIG. 3 has for its share a dispersion on impact on target less than 50% to that of the projectile according to the prior art ( Figure 1).
  • Figure 5 shows a projectile fitted with a sabot according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • This shoe again includes a rear pocket 7 disposed at the rearmost end of the shoe.
  • the internal profile of the pocket being similar to that of the front pocket according to FIG. 1.
  • the pocket shown here has a reduced efficiency of the order of 50% compared to that of a pocket as represented by the dotted lines 15 in FIG. 5 and which would correspond substantially to the pocket according to FIG. 1.
  • Figure 6a shows a projectile equipped with a sabot according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • the front pockets 6 and rear 7 are arranged in the vicinity of the center of gravity G hoof.
  • the distance L AR is around 0.75 caliber and the distance L AV is around 0.5 caliber.
  • a symmetry of the lever arms on either side of a mean sealing plane 3 materialized by the belt 4.
  • a distance will be adopted L (distance from the leading edges 10 and 12 to this mean plane 3) less than 0.75 caliber and of the order of 0.5 caliber.
  • the profiles of the pockets are similar so as to generate substantially equal moments.
  • a medium support 16 to the caliber is disposed in the front part of the shoe 1.
  • This support means is constituted by at least three arms 16a, 16b, 16c regularly angularly distributed and which each carry at their end a guide shoe 17 (17a, 17b, 17c).
  • the arms delimit between them recesses which leave pass the aerodynamic flow to the front pocket 6.
  • This embodiment is the preferred mode. Indeed it allows a lateral escape speed to be communicated to the hoof high by reducing on the one hand the tilting of the hoof towards the front at the outlet of the tube (efficiency of the rear pocket) and on the other hand the tilting backwards (front pocket effective). Reducing leverage reduces the bending stresses to which the shoe is subjected, therefore to lighten the hoof. This mass gain makes it possible to increase the speed of the bar or its mass. Reducing the arms of lever also allows better reproducibility of the hoof separation movement parallel to the bar.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Treibkäfig (1) für ein unterkalibriges Projektil, der wenigstens drei Segmente im Kaliber umfasst, die dafür vorgesehen sind, einen unterkalibrigen Stab (2) zu umgeben, wobei der Treibkäfig erste Mittel umfasst, wie eine vordere Tasche (6), die dafür vorgesehen sind, eine aerodynamische Strömung am Austritt des Waffenrohres beim Abschuss aufzunehmen, und zweite Mittel, wie eine hintere Tasche (7), die vorgesehen sind, Antriebsgase am Austritt des Waffenrohres aufzunehmen, wobei der Treibkäfig dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die hintere Tasche (7) eine äußere Vorderkante (10) aufweist, die sich im Bereich einer ersten Fläche (8), die senkrecht auf der Achse (9) des Projektils steht und in einem Abstand LAR vom Schwerpunkt G des Treibkäfigs angeordnet ist, wobei die vordere Tasche (6) außerdem eine äußere Vorderkante (12) besitzt, die sich im Bereich einer zweiten Ebene (11) befindet, die senkrecht zur Achse (9) des Projektils steht und in einem Abstand LAV vom Schwerpunkt G des Treibkäfigs angeordnet ist, wobei das Profil der vorderen (6) und hinteren (7) Tasche derartig festgelegt ist, dass das Moment MAR in Bezug auf den Schwerpunkt G der senkrechten Kraftkomponente FARN der Resultierenden FAR der aerodynamischen Beanspruchungen, die am Austritt des Rohres durch die Antriebsgase auf die hintere Tasche (7) ausgeübt werden, in derartiger Weise nahezu gleich dem Moment MAV in Bezug auf den Schwerpunkt G der senkrechten Kraftkomponente FAVN der Resultierenden FAV der aerodynamischen Beanspruchungen, die am Austritt des Rohres durch die aerodynamische Strömung auf die vordere Tasche (6) ausgeübt werden, dass der Treibkäfig (1) sich vom Stab (2) in einer zu diesem nahezu paralleler Weise am Austritt des Waffenrohres entfernt.
  2. Treibkäfig nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die hintere Tasche (7) am hintersten Ende des Treibkäfigs (1) liegt und ihr Innendurchmesser zwischen 0,4 und 0,7 Kaliber D des Treibkäfigs (1) liegt.
  3. Treibkäfig nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die hintere Tasche (7) in der Nähe des Schwerpunktes G des Treibkäfigs in einem Abstand LAR von ihrer Vorderkante (10) und dem Schwerpunkt G liegt, welcher kleiner oder gleich 0,75 Kaliber ist, der Innendurchmesser der hinteren Tasche (7) zwischen 0,8 und 0,95 Kaliber liegt.
  4. Treibkäfig nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vordere Tasche (6) am vordersten Ende des Treibkäfigs liegt und ihr Innendurchmesser zwischen 0,2 und 0,6 Kaliber des Treibkäfigs (1) liegt.
  5. Treibkäfig nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vordere Tasche (6) in der Nähe des Schwerpunktes G des Treibkäfigs in einem Abstand LAV von ihrer Vorderkante (12) und dem Schwerpunkt G liegt, welcher kleiner oder gleich 0,75 Kaliber ist, der innere Durchmesser der vorderen Tasche (6) zwischen 0,8 und 0,95 Kaliber liegt.
  6. Treibkäfig nach Ansprüche 3 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorderkanten (10, 12) der vorderen (6) und hinteren (7) Taschen in einem nahezu gleichen Abstand L von einer Mittelebene (3) des Gürtels (4) liegen, dieser Abstand L nun kleiner oder gleich 0,75 Kaliber ist.
  7. Treibkäfig nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ein Stützmittel (16) im Kaliber umfasst, das am vorderen Abschnitt des Treibkäfigs (1) angeordnet ist und Aussparungen umfasst, um die aerodynamische Strömung bis zur vorderen Tasche (6) strömen zu lassen.
  8. Treibkäfig nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Stützmittel durch wenigstens drei gleichmäßig winkelförmig verteilte Arme (16a, 16b, 16c) gebildet wird.
EP19990117786 1998-10-01 1999-09-09 Sabot für ein Unterkalibergeschoss Expired - Lifetime EP0990869B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9812339 1998-10-01
FR9812339A FR2784177B1 (fr) 1998-10-01 1998-10-01 Sabot pour projectile sous calibre

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0990869A1 EP0990869A1 (de) 2000-04-05
EP0990869B1 true EP0990869B1 (de) 2003-09-24

Family

ID=9531112

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19990117786 Expired - Lifetime EP0990869B1 (de) 1998-10-01 1999-09-09 Sabot für ein Unterkalibergeschoss

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0990869B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69911534T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2784177B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020115703B4 (de) 2020-06-15 2024-02-22 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Treibkäfig

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2521717B1 (fr) * 1982-02-16 1986-11-21 France Etat Projectile a energie cinetique et procede de lancement de celui-ci
US4823703A (en) * 1987-08-11 1989-04-25 The Titan Corporation Armor penetrating and self-lubricating projectile
US5359938A (en) * 1990-10-24 1994-11-01 Olin Corporation Ultra light weight sabot
DE4206217C2 (de) 1992-02-28 1997-08-14 Rheinmetall Ind Ag Unterkalibriges Wuchtgeschoß
FR2694081B1 (fr) 1992-07-24 1994-09-30 Giat Ind Sa Ceinture d'étanchéité de projectile flèche.
USH1412H (en) * 1994-02-16 1995-02-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Sabot stiffener for kinetic energy projectile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2784177B1 (fr) 2005-09-16
EP0990869A1 (de) 2000-04-05
DE69911534T2 (de) 2004-07-08
DE69911534D1 (de) 2003-10-30
FR2784177A1 (fr) 2000-04-07

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