EP0986678B1 - Multple jet shower with aeration device - Google Patents

Multple jet shower with aeration device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0986678B1
EP0986678B1 EP98924810A EP98924810A EP0986678B1 EP 0986678 B1 EP0986678 B1 EP 0986678B1 EP 98924810 A EP98924810 A EP 98924810A EP 98924810 A EP98924810 A EP 98924810A EP 0986678 B1 EP0986678 B1 EP 0986678B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
perforated plate
jets
holes
shower head
head according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98924810A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0986678A4 (en
EP0986678A1 (en
Inventor
Alfons Knapp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Masco Corp
Original Assignee
Masco Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Masco Corp filed Critical Masco Corp
Publication of EP0986678A1 publication Critical patent/EP0986678A1/en
Publication of EP0986678A4 publication Critical patent/EP0986678A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0986678B1 publication Critical patent/EP0986678B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
    • E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
    • E03C1/02—Plumbing installations for fresh water
    • E03C1/08—Jet regulators or jet guides, e.g. anti-splash devices
    • E03C1/084—Jet regulators with aerating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0425—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid without any source of compressed gas, e.g. the air being sucked by the pressurised liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/14—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
    • B05B1/18—Roses; Shower heads

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a shower head according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Aeration devices are provided for this purpose. They are inserted up-stream from the showerhead and comprise a neck intended to speed up the flow of water that is piped to the shower and a chamber with an air intake that surrounds the water flow. The outside ambient air is thus aspirated into the shower by virtue of the Venturi effect from the accelerated flow and is incorporated in the water that is piped to the shower.
  • the efficiency of these devices is high when the aerated jet thus obtained is used directly as flow for the shower, for example, as shown in document US-A-4 573 639 .
  • the shower's efficiency is reduced because of the resistance that the plate puts up against the flow of water.
  • lime deposits are soon formed on the plate.
  • a shower head according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from document US-A-4 135 670 .
  • the first perforated plate has a plurality of nozzles whereas the second perforated plate comprises the same number of water jet holes, each of which is assigned to a nozzle in the first perforated plate.
  • the outer end of each nozzle in the first perforated plate is aligned with and spaced from the inner end of a corresponding water jet hole in the second perforated plate.
  • the water gushing out of the nozzles in the first perforated plate reaches the water jet holes in the second perforated plate in such a state that the water sucks up the air within the air chamber between the first and second perforated plates when it passes therethrough.
  • the hot and cold water spouted into the water jet holes in the second perforated plate is thereby transformed into a minute mixture of air and water to be jetted out of the shower head over any desired part of the body of the user.
  • the known shower head When the known shower head is used with a water source of comparatively low pressure the water jets are particularly "soft", thus producing a very pleasing sensation for the user. In this instance, however, the cleansing effect of the known shower head is low.
  • document FR-A-2 552 681 discloses a shower head having a head plate secured to a housing.
  • the head plate defines a water chamber in the housing and comprises a plurality of "hard” jet openings as well as a plurality of "soft” jet openings.
  • Known aerating inserts are inserted into the "soft" jet openings.
  • a distribution plate is arranged in the housing behind the head plate.
  • the distribution plate is equipped with a valving means positionable either in a first position in which water entering the housing is led to the "hard” jet openings only, or a second position in which the water is led to the aerating inserts in the "soft” jet openings only.
  • the valving means can selectively be operated via a rocker switch supported on the housing.
  • document US-A-2 797 906 discloses an aerator device for water faucets comprising two perforated discs of which one disc is rotatable to three different positions, and additional aerating screens downstream from the pair of discs.
  • the discs are adjacent to each other with no space or chamber therebetween. In one position, larger outer holes in the discs direct water only to a peripheral outlet. In a second position, only radially inner holes in the discs are aligned to direct water to a center outlet. The third position provides holes to direct water to both the peripheral outlet and the center outlet. In this design all the water that emanates from the discs is not aerated. No aeration occurs until the water hits the additional aerating screens arranged in the outlets.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a shower head that is easily and economically manufactured on an industrial scale and that aerates a multiple jet shower with a great degree of efficiency and to an extent only that does not affect the cleansing effect of the shower head.
  • a shower head comprising a main housing having a supply connection for a supply of pressurized water, the main housing forming a water chamber that receives water from the supply connection, a first perforated plate that forms a wall of the water chamber, the first perforated plate being provided with a plurality of holes to project a respective water jet, and an aerating device including a second perforated plate positioned downstream of the first perforated plate to form an air chamber between the two plates, the second perforated plate having a plurality of holes therethrough, each of which being aligned with a projection direction of a respective water jet from a corresponding hole in the first perforated plate, and an air intake extending from the air chamber to an exterior ambient environment; the second perforated plate is constructed to aerate only a first set of jets emanating from the first perforated plate whilst leaving a second set of jets emanating from the first perforated plate unaerated.
  • the Venturi effect the jet aspirates air from the air chamber that is present between the two plates and incorporates it, coming out thus aerated from the corresponding hole of the second plate.
  • the air aspirated from the air chamber is replenished from the outside ambient environment through an air intake.
  • the device according to the invention thus makes it possible to individually aerate, also by virtue of the Venturi effect, each jet of the first set of jets of the multiple jet shower in an economical and easily manufactured construction.
  • the second perforated plate can be permanently built into a shower head or it can be in the form of an accessory, intended to be attached or mounted to an existing shower. Furthermore, the second perforated plate can be installed in a permanent manner so that the shower head must form aerated jets, or the plate can be mounted in a removable manner, thus enabling the user to employ or not employ the plate, depending on whether he wants to use the shower also with aerated or only with non-aerated jets.
  • the shower head furthermore, can be constructed to aerate only the peripheral jets, leaving the central jets unchanged, or vice versa. In another pattern, alternate jets may be aerated.
  • the air intake for the air chamber positioned between the two plates can be formed by apertures situated on the peripheral side of the air chamber and extending perpendicularly to the general direction of projection of the water jets.
  • the intake can be formed by apertures situated about the peripheral portion of the air chamber and extending parallel to the general direction of projection of the water jets.
  • the intake can be made up of apertures made in the second perforated plate in regions in which no holes of the first plate are aligned or where the corresponding jets are not intended to be aerated.
  • the holes of the first plate or the holes of the second plate or the holes of both plates together can be shaped to promote aeration.
  • the holes of the first plate can be flared along all or part of their length, becoming wider in the direction of flow, and they can cooperate with holes of the second plate that are also flared or parallel and that have a diameter that is greater than the maximum diameter of the holes of the first plate.
  • the holes of the first plate can be narrowed, for example, close to their outlet, and they can cooperate with holes of the second plate that have a considerably larger diameter.
  • the holes of the first plate can have a neck crest at their outlet or in some other suitable position that causes the outgoing water flow to be widened.
  • the apertures may be designed and sized in both plates to produce multiple jets that form discontinuous streams of separate drops commonly referred to as "rain jets" rather than a continuous jet.
  • the aerating device can be made in any of the shapes in which a shower can be made and, hence, in particular, in an elongated linear or substantially circular form, and the shower, equipped with the aerating device can be a fixed shower head or a hand-held shower head.
  • the plates need not be flat but can be contoured to accommodate any shower design.
  • a shower head housing 10 comprises a water chamber 11 having a supply connection 12 for the supply of pressurized water and having a first perforated plate 13 that forms a wall of said water chamber.
  • the plate 13 is provided with a plurality of holes 14 that have a small cross-section.
  • the plate 13 as shown is integrally formed with the shower head housing 10 but it is foreseen that separate plates may be mounted onto housing 10.
  • Each hole 14 of the first plate 13 is arranged to project a single water jet, taken together form the multiple jets of the shower that is both well known and popular.
  • the jets can be arranged in various formations such as an elongated linear, circular, or eliptical pattern in the manner of a fixed shower head or a hand-held shower.
  • the plate 13 can be positioned laterally, as in the illustrated form for a hand-held shower, or axially at the end of a fixed shower head.
  • each jet coming out of one of the holes 14 is compact i.e. non-aerated and continuous. It has, however, been found that if the jets are aerated, the jet streams now permeated with air feel softer and the many users derive a more pleasing sensation from this type of aerated jet. Furthermore, the shower turns out to be considerably more efficient and can be usefully operated with less water consumption, something that is particularly important where water is scarce or water drainage needs to be carefully managed.
  • an aeration device 15 that comprises a second perforated plate 16 arranged downstream from the first plate 13.
  • An air chamber 20 is formed between the two plates 13 and 16.
  • the second plate 16 has a plurality of holes 17, and each hole 17 is arranged along the direction of the projection of the single water jet of a corresponding hole 14 of the first plate 13. In other words, the holes 17 of the second plate 16 are exactly aligned with the corresponding holes 14 of the first plate 13, to receive the respective discharge of the water jets from holes 14.
  • Aeration device 15 can be secured or mounted to shower head 10 in any suitable fashion.
  • a proper flange 18, with a-bayonet fitting or a snap fit release on a peripheral part of the first plate 13 is one of many foreseen mountings. While numerous variants are possible, they do not in any way change the manner in which the device works. For example, in cases where the removal of the aerator device is to be left to the discretion of the user, the previously described mounting systems are suitably placed that include bayonet, friction or snap fit couplings. In cases where the aerator device is to be separated from the shower only for cleaning and maintenance operations, it can still be attached in these ways or also by means of screws.
  • the second plate may also be attached by means of welding or gluing.
  • the second plate may be integrally formed as a single body with the other parts of the shower and the first plate is mounted behind it from inside the water chamber 11.
  • the second plate In cases where the second plate must be capable of being removable it is advisable to place indicators such as a key so as to assure that the plate 16 will then be reassembled in the correct position.
  • At least one air intake 19 extends from the air chamber 20 to the outside ambient environment.
  • this air intake includes openings 19 made in peripheral flange 18 that serve to mount the aeration device 15 to shower 10, but many other arrangements are possible.
  • the device works in the following manner.
  • Each water jet produced by a hole 14 of the first plate 13 is highly accelerated because of the small cross-section of holes 14 and the pressure from the supply connection 12. Due to the Venturi effect, as the water jet penetrates into the corresponding hole 17 through the second plate 16, the water draws in or aspirates the air present in air chamber 20.
  • the chamber 20 thus has a slight air pressure drop or depression. Other air penetrates into chamber 20 from the outside ambient environment through air intake 19 due to the low pressure in chamber 20.
  • the jet which has thus aspirated air, incorporates it, and thus it emanates from hole 17 of the second plate 16 in an aerated form.
  • the operating device shown thus makes provision for individually aerating each of the water jets emanating from holes 14 of plate 13 of the shower. This aeration operation is performed simultaneously while the jets leave the shower, in other words, when they no longer encounter any resistance, so that there is maximum aeration efficiency.
  • the resultant effect depends on various parameters, such as the shape of the holes of the plates, the reciprocal relationships of the diameter between the holes of the two plates and the distance between the two plates.
  • the designer can achieve a desired degree of aeration by the appropriate selection of these various parameters. At the same time he can give preference to configurations that are more easily manufactured.
  • the aerator device 15 acts upon all of th jets coming from the holes, 14 of the first plate 13, in contrast to the present invention. According to the latter, however, it is desired to aerate only some of the jets, for example, the peripheral jets, or only the central jets, leaving the remaining jets compact; or the jets can be alternatingly aerated and not aerated. In these cases, it suffices for some holes of the second plate 16 that correspond to jets that must not be aerated to have a large diameter so as not to come into contact with the jets.
  • the enlarged corresponding holes 37 as shown in Figures 8 and 9 of the second plate may be quite large to constitute air intakes, thus allowing the entry of air around the water jets to function as an air intake.
  • a pattern where only the peripheral jets are aerated is illustrated in Figure 8.
  • Figure 9 illustrates another pattern of alternating aerated and non-aerated jets.
  • the air intake which was shown in the form of lateral openings 19, can also be made up of holes 27 of the second plate to which the holes of the first plate do not correspond so that there will be no water flowing through them as also illustrated in Figure 1.
  • Figure 1 illustrates holes 14 of the first plate 13 and 17 of the second plate 16, all of which are flared to be of frustum shape with the hole diameter growing in the direction of water flow.
  • the initial diameter of holes 17 is greater than the final diameter or maximum diameter of holes 14.
  • Figure 2 illustrates another embodiment where holes 14 are cylindrical for most of their length and that are widened conically in the final section. Holes 17, in turn, are cylindrical with a diameter that is equal to or greater than the final diameter or maximum diameter of holes 14.
  • Figure 3 illustrates another embodiment where the holes 14 are widened with generatrix curves along their entire length toward the final cross-section.
  • Holes 17, in turn, are cylindrical with a diameter that is equal to or greater than the final i.e. maximum diameter of holes 14.
  • Figure 4 illustrates further modified holes 14 that become wider with generatrix curves along their entire length toward the final cross-section.
  • Holes 17, in turn, are cylindrical and have an initial diameter that is equal to or greater than the final diameter, i.e. maximum diameter of holes 14 and become wider in the final part.
  • Figure 5 illustrates further modified holes 14 which, contrary to the preceding ones, become narrower toward the final section.
  • Holes 17, in turn, are cylindrical and have a diameter that is equal to or greater than the final diameter of holes 14.
  • Figure 6 shows a further variation of the device according to Figure 5 on a much larger scale.
  • Hole 14 has a small crest 24 at its outlet facing toward the inside of the hole 14, which causes the jet emanating from that hole to become wider.
  • Similar crests can also be provided in other positions, for example, at the mouth of holes 14 or in intermediate positions between the mouth and the outlet of said holes. They can be provided and arranged in various ways, independently of the shape chosen for the generatrices, that is, straight or curved, of the holes themselves.
  • Figure 7 shows how holes 14 of plate 13 can be made in parts labeled 34, that are mounted to plate 13.
  • Parts labeled 34 can be made of elastomeric material and make it possible to easily remove any lime deposits by simply momentarily deforming the parts themselves.
  • the same part construction can be provided in_plate 16 for holes 17.
  • the parts 34 can be provided with a plurality of holes rather than a single hole. The same effect can also be achieved by, on the other hand, making one or both of the plates 13 and 16 of elastomeric material. These arrangements are independent of the configurations selected for the holes.
  • Figures 10 and 11 illustrate a modified plate 16 which covers only a portion of plate 13.
  • the plate 16 is annular in shape with holes 17 aligned with holes 14 about the periphery of plate 13.
  • the air chamber 20 is also annular in shape.
  • the holes 14 in the center of plate 13 thereby produce unaerated jets while the peripheral holes 14 produce aerated jets.
  • air intake apertures 19 are formed at the inner periphery of the plate 16.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)
EP98924810A 1997-06-03 1998-05-20 Multple jet shower with aeration device Expired - Lifetime EP0986678B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTO970481 1997-06-03
IT97TO000481A IT1293138B1 (it) 1997-06-03 1997-06-03 Dispositivo per l'aereazione di una doccia a getti multipli.
PCT/US1998/010306 WO1998055704A1 (en) 1997-06-03 1998-05-20 Multple jet shower with aeration device

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0986678A1 EP0986678A1 (en) 2000-03-22
EP0986678A4 EP0986678A4 (en) 2001-03-14
EP0986678B1 true EP0986678B1 (en) 2007-12-26

Family

ID=11415754

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98924810A Expired - Lifetime EP0986678B1 (en) 1997-06-03 1998-05-20 Multple jet shower with aeration device

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0986678B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JP3553087B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CN (1) CN1105215C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU727334B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR9809934A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA2292756C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE69838907T2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT1293138B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO1998055704A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD694366S1 (en) 2011-01-14 2013-11-26 Kohler Co. Faucet
IT202300010605A1 (it) * 2023-05-25 2024-11-25 Nikles Inter AG Aeratore

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003073899A1 (fr) * 2002-03-06 2003-09-12 Patrice Combe Dispositif pour ablutions, notamment au voisinage de piscines, comprenant au moins un brumisateur
DE102005010550B4 (de) * 2005-03-04 2007-03-22 Neoperl Gmbh Sanitärer Wasserauslauf
DE102005026668A1 (de) * 2005-06-01 2006-12-07 Hansgrohe Ag Brausekopf
JP5028633B2 (ja) * 2005-06-13 2012-09-19 イーシーテクノ株式会社 バブリングによる活性化節水型散水装置
ITBO20060632A1 (it) * 2006-09-13 2008-03-14 Packcenter Srl Dispositivo per doccia ad elevata erogazione d'acqua.
IT1396495B1 (it) * 2009-02-24 2012-12-14 Nikles Tec Italia Srl Dispositivo di erogazione di un getto d'acqua areato
JP4860781B2 (ja) * 2009-03-26 2012-01-25 雅彰 高野 泡沫水生成コマ
DE102009054038A1 (de) * 2009-11-20 2011-05-26 Neoperl Gmbh Wasserführender Leitungsabschnitt mit einem Belüftungskanal
JP5534416B2 (ja) * 2010-02-18 2014-07-02 Ｔｏｔｏ株式会社 シャワー装置
JP2013043069A (ja) * 2011-08-26 2013-03-04 Kvk Corp シャワーフェイス及びシャワーヘッド
GB2495778A (en) * 2011-10-22 2013-04-24 Keith Alan Hart A spray plate with water outlets which individually aerate the outgoing water in use
DE102012021361B4 (de) * 2012-11-02 2014-11-06 Neoperl Gmbh Strahlregler
RU2579130C1 (ru) * 2014-12-15 2016-03-27 Закрытое акционерное общество "БЮРО ТЕХНИКИ" Душевая насадка
CN107377248A (zh) * 2017-08-02 2017-11-24 合肥四书电子商务有限公司 一种淋浴用可调节双层喷头
CN109420436A (zh) * 2017-09-01 2019-03-05 阮庆源 微气泡产生器
CN115672578A (zh) * 2021-07-30 2023-02-03 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 释放器、出水装置及卫浴设备

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2797906A (en) * 1953-11-23 1957-07-02 Elie P Aghnides Convertible aerators
US2998928A (en) * 1956-11-30 1961-09-05 Elie P Aghnides Fluid mixing devices
US2998933A (en) * 1958-08-01 1961-09-05 Elie P Aghnides Water aerators
JPS5286858A (en) * 1976-01-10 1977-07-19 Tsd Kk Shower
DE3335756A1 (de) * 1983-10-01 1985-04-18 Hansa Metallwerke Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Handbrause
DE3943062C2 (de) * 1989-12-28 1999-07-15 Grohe Armaturen Friedrich Brausekopf

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD694366S1 (en) 2011-01-14 2013-11-26 Kohler Co. Faucet
USD698420S1 (en) 2011-01-14 2014-01-28 Kohler Co. Faucet
USD704805S1 (en) 2011-01-14 2014-05-13 Kohler Co. Faucet handle
USD704800S1 (en) 2011-01-14 2014-05-13 Kohler Co. Showerhead
USD704807S1 (en) 2011-01-14 2014-05-13 Kohler Co. Waterspout
USD704802S1 (en) 2011-01-14 2014-05-13 Kohler Co. Faucet
IT202300010605A1 (it) * 2023-05-25 2024-11-25 Nikles Inter AG Aeratore
WO2024241288A1 (en) * 2023-05-25 2024-11-28 Nikles Inter AG Aerator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69838907T2 (de) 2009-01-08
BR9809934A (pt) 2001-09-18
EP0986678A4 (en) 2001-03-14
JP3553087B2 (ja) 2004-08-11
ITTO970481A0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1997-06-03
CA2292756A1 (en) 1998-12-10
IT1293138B1 (it) 1999-02-12
DE69838907D1 (de) 2008-02-07
CN1105215C (zh) 2003-04-09
CN1259183A (zh) 2000-07-05
CA2292756C (en) 2003-12-02
AU7689698A (en) 1998-12-21
EP0986678A1 (en) 2000-03-22
ITTO970481A1 (it) 1998-12-03
AU727334B2 (en) 2000-12-07
JP2000513987A (ja) 2000-10-24
WO1998055704A9 (en) 1999-04-08
WO1998055704A1 (en) 1998-12-10

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