EP0984418B1 - Verfahren zur Verfolgung und Nachführung von Waren - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Verfolgung und Nachführung von Waren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0984418B1
EP0984418B1 EP19990202906 EP99202906A EP0984418B1 EP 0984418 B1 EP0984418 B1 EP 0984418B1 EP 19990202906 EP19990202906 EP 19990202906 EP 99202906 A EP99202906 A EP 99202906A EP 0984418 B1 EP0984418 B1 EP 0984418B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
communication
network
public
tracking
goods
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19990202906
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0984418A3 (de
EP0984418A2 (de
Inventor
Johannes Harm Lukas Hogen Esch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek NEDAP NV
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Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek NEDAP NV
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Publication date
Application filed by Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek NEDAP NV filed Critical Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek NEDAP NV
Publication of EP0984418A2 publication Critical patent/EP0984418A2/de
Publication of EP0984418A3 publication Critical patent/EP0984418A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0984418B1 publication Critical patent/EP0984418B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/123—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams
    • G08G1/127—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams to a central station ; Indicators in a central station
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G9/00—Traffic control systems for craft where the kind of craft is irrelevant or unspecified

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for tracking and tracing goods being transported, wherein at least one communication set is packed or linked together with the goods, which communication set comprises memory means in which, prior to transport, information about the planned transportation route along with at least one associated timeframe is stored, and which communication set is further arranged for wirelessly receiving information from a public or other communication network and for determining, on the basis of that information from the public or other communication network, whether a predetermined deviation from the planned transportation route and/or the associated time frame is exceeded.
  • the invention also relates to a system for practicing this method, the system comprising a central planning computer and a number of mobile communication sets, the planning computer and the mobile communication sets being arranged for wireless communication with each other via a public or other communication network. Furthermore the invention relates to a communication set arranged for use in such a method.
  • U.S. Patent 5,751,245 discloses a system for following trucks or shipping containers, utilizing communication devices mounted on the trucks or shipping containers.
  • These known communication devices have, in addition to communications means for communicating with a central station via the public or other communication network, locating means arranged for cooperation with GPS satellites or a Loran-C navigation system for determining its locations, and the like. If the deviation exceeds a predetermined limit, the communication set communicates to a central station via a communication.
  • the delays that occur in the transportation of goods are often caused by poor communication between the different changeover points and the central computer system.
  • the human factor plays an important role, due to which, for instance, goods that sustain delay are not reported to the central network.
  • a method for tracking and tracing goods being transported is characterized in that the communication set is further arranged for determining, on the basis of that received information from the public or other communication network, whether a predetermined deviation from the planned transportation route and/or the associated time frame is exceeded, and, if such deviation is exceeded, for transmitting via said public or other communication network a corresponding message to a central apparatus where the transport of the goods is planned and monitored.
  • a system for practicing a method according to the invention is characterized by the mobile communication sets comprise a memory for storing transportation route information in the form of identification codes or fingerprints of transmitters of the communication network that are located along the transportation route, and associated timeframes, as well as receiving means for receiving the identification codes or fingerprints from the communication network, and comparator means for comparing the received identification codes or fingerprints and the associated timeframes with each other, and transmitting means for transmitting a message to the central planning computer via the communication network when a predetermined deviation is exceeded.
  • the information received for determining whether a deviation exceeds and if such a deviation exceeds transmitting a corresponding message to a central apparatus is carried out by means of one and the same public or other communication network.
  • Separate locating means as disclosed in US 5,751,245 are not utilized according to the present invention, because according to the invention locating occurs on the basis of the signals provided by the communication network which is used for the communication anyway.
  • WO 97/17623 discloses a system wherein the location of a mobile telephone is determined. The location is however not determined by the mobile telephone on the basis of information received from the network. The location is determined on the basis of, amongst others, known information of base stations which have communicated with the mobile telephone in order to perform triangulation calculations.
  • Figure 1 shows a block diagram of an example of a system according to the invention.
  • a system for tracking and tracing transports of goods according to the invention is at least partly based on utilisation of public or other communication infrastructure, such as, e.g., the so-called Global System Mobile (GSM) wireless telephone network, which is spread worldwide over more than 80 countries, or any other cellular network.
  • GSM Global System Mobile
  • valuable freight shipments are provided with a communication set B which will also be referred to as 'Boxy' in the following description, by analogy with the so-called Handy for wireless telephone traffic through the GSM network.
  • a Boxy according to the invention is an apparatus having a part of the functions of a GSM telephone set or similar telephone set, which is packed together with more expensive (air) freight, in order to be able to trace the goods along the transportation route to be traveled from source to destination.
  • the Boxy In areas that are partly or wholly covered by a GSM network, the Boxy is capable of determining whether a predetermined deviation from the planned transportation route and schedule is exceeded. The Boxy is capable of detecting when the planned transportation times, in relation to the locations, are exceeded by a predetermined amount. The Boxy then contacts autonomously a central office A via, for instance, the GSM network, to report the delay. At the central office, for instance a central computer C can search for a modified planning and send it back to the Boxy, or instruct the Boxy in question not to communicate any further reports.
  • delays or changes in the route will be known to the central computer at a very early stage, so that customers can be informed at an early stage about the delays to be expected. Also, alternative transportation possibilities can be explored and initiated at an early stage.
  • An example of a Boxy according to the invention contains as functional modules, as schematically indicated in Figure 1, a battery module 1, a GSM transmitter/receiver with modem and automatic dialer 2, a GSM chip module 3 of the provider having a GSM number, a processor with memory 4 for logging transport planning and route, means 5 for local communication between one or more Boxies, and a clock module with date and time 6.
  • the means 5 can comprise, for instance, a transmitting/receiving coil 7, which, if desired, can also serve as an interface for storing route information and the like via the means 5 in the memory in module 4.
  • the tracing of the routes travelled is done by the Boxy with the aid of GSM transmitter identification codes, which are conventionally transmitted periodically or continuously and which are received underway and stored in the memory of the Boxy, or with the aid of a so-called fingerprint of these transmitter identification codes, without the meaning of this fingerprint being known.
  • the transmitter identification codes, or fingerprints thereof, as far as they are known, are loaded from the central computer into the Boxy at the beginning of the transport. Unknown GSM transmitter identification codes are received underway and, following transport, also passed on to the central computer.
  • the system is self-learning and does not need to be supplied beforehand with the transmitter identification information, which in fact is often not known in advance.
  • the transportation planning and possibly product information are loaded into the Boxy, whereby the memory 4 of the Boxy is supplied with times, permissible margins, and GSM transmitter identification codes to be expected. Subsequently, en route, the Boxy, depending upon the planning, listens to the GSM transmitter identification codes, which are compared with the expected codes and the timeframe that was planned for them.
  • Communication during a flight can also be prevented, however, by having a communication system on board of the airplane transmit a suitable blocking signal which can be received, for instance, via the module 5, 7 of the Boxy.
  • Such local communication facility can comprise, for instance, the module 5 with a transmitting/receiving coil 7, mentioned earlier.
  • This local communication facility has a small range of a couple of meters under poor communication conditions, as in the case of packaging material of metal.
  • This local communication possibility is to enable the required GSM communication to be handled by the Boxy in the most favorable position to communicate with the nearest GSM network transmitter/receiver and to communicate transmitter ID codes to neighboring Boxies unable to receive or reach the GSM transmitter/receiver in question.
  • the taking over of the communication function by another Boxy is likewise subject to the condition requiring that the same transmitter identification code has been received during a minimum period of time of, for instance, at least 30 minutes.
  • the local communication possibility can also be used to load the information into the Boxy prior to departure.
  • the charging of the battery of the Boxy can, if desired, also be done in a contactless manner through this interface.
  • media can be used that do not cause disturbances in the surroundings and which are unconditionally admitted for international use, such as, e.g., infrared communication or communication through (ultra)sound or electromagnetic communication with very low frequencies.
  • a movement sensor or other sensors may be provided to prevent a Boxy from starting to transmit during a flight.
  • a signal can be generated, for instance via a local network, e.g. a board communication system, to suppress communications from Boxies for a defined period of time.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Verfahren zur Verfolgung und Nachführung von transportierten Waren, wobei mindestens ein Kommunikationsset (B) zusammen mit den Waren verpackt oder mit diesen verbunden ist, wobei das Kommunikationsset (B) eine Speichereinrichtung (4) aufweist, in welche vor dem Transport Informationen über die geplante Transportroute zusammen mit mindestens einem zugehörigen Zeitrahmen gespeichert wird, und wobei das Kommunikationsset ferner ausgebildet ist, um Informationen von einem öffentlichen oder einem anderen Kommunikationsnetzwerk zu empfangen und auf der Basis dieser von dem öffentlichen oder eine anderen Kommunikationsnetzwerk kommenden Informationen festzustellen, ob eine vorbestimmte Abweichung von der geplanten Transportroute und/oder dem zugehörigen Zeitrahmen überschritten ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kommunikationsset ferner dazu ausgebildet ist, über das öffentliche oder andere Kommunikationsnetzwerk eine entsprechende Nachricht an eine zentrale Einrichtung (A) zu übermitteln, in welcher der Transport der Waren geplant und überwacht wird, wenn eine derartige Abweichung überschritten wird.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kommunikationsnetzwerk ein Netzwerk für Mobiltelefonie ist.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das GSM-Netzwerk als Kommunikationsnetzwerk verwendet wird.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zentrale Einrichtung (A) einen zentralen Planungscomputer (C) umfasst.
  5. Verfahren zum Verfolgen und Nachführen von Waren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die aktuelle Position der Waren durch das Kommunikationsset (B) auf der Basis von Senderidentifikationscodes des Kommunikationsnetzwerks oder auf der Basis eines sogenannten Fingerabdrucks dieser Senderidentifikationscodes bestimmt wird, ohne dass eine Kenntnis der inhaltlichen Bedeutung dieser Codes erforderlich ist.
  6. Verfahren zum Verfolgen und Nachführen von Waren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kommunikationsset (9) ferner Einrichtungen (5, 7) zum Ermöglichen von lokaler Kurzstreckenkommunikation für den Datenaustausch mit in der unmittelbaren Umgebung befindlichen ähnlichen Kommunikationssets (B) aufweist.
  7. Verfahren zum Verfolgen und Nachführen von Waren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche unter Verwendung von zwei oder mehr in geringer Entfernung voneinander befindlicher Kommunikationssets (B), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine eventuelle Kommunikation mit der zentralen Einrichtung (A) über das öffentliche oder ein anderes Netzwerk über das Kommunikationsset (B) erfolgt, das im Vergleich mit den anderen Kommunikationssets (B) in der unmittelbaren Umgebung, mit denen das betreffende Kommunikationsset (B) über die lokale Kommunikationsmöglichkeit kommunizieren kann, in der günstigsten Position ist.
  8. Verfahren zum Verfolgen und Nachführen von Waren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine eventuelle Kommunikation mit der zentralen Einrichtung (A) über das öffentliche oder ein anderes Netzwerk erfolgt, wenn der von dem Kommunikationsset empfangene Senderidentifikationscode oder ein Fingerabdruck desselben in einer zuvor eingegebenen Planungsliste des Kommunikationssets (B) enthalten ist und somit bekannt ist, und wenn dieser Code während eines voreingestellten Zeitraums empfangen wurde, um Kommunikation während eines Fluges zu verhindern.
  9. Verfahren zum Verfolgen und Nachführen von Waren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zentrale Planungscomputer (C) nach einem Bericht eines Kommunikationssets (B) (Boxy) über eine Abweichung von der geplanten Transportroute und/oder dem zugehörigen Zeitrahmen nach einer alternativen Transportmöglichkeit für die betreffenden Waren sucht und die entsprechenden neuen Planungsinformationen über das Kommunikationsnetzwerk an das betreffende Kommunikationsset (B) weiterleitet.
  10. Verfahren zum Verfolgen und Nachführen von Waren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sämtliche Senderidentifikationscodes, oder die Fingerabdrücke dieser Codes, welche von den Kommunikationssets (B) während des Transports empfangen werden, in dem Kommunikationsset gespeichert und nach dem Transport an die zentrale Einrichtung (A) weitergeleitet werden, wodurch das System zum Nutzen von in der Zukunft stattfindenden ähnlichen Transporten selbstlernend ist.
  11. Verfahren zum Verfolgen und Nachführen von Waren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur lokalen Kommunikation zwischen den Kommunikationssets (B) (Boxies) ein anderes, nicht eine Funkfrequenz verwendendes Medium eingesetzt wird, beispielsweise Infrarotkommunikation oder akustische Kommunikation.
  12. System zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, mit: einem zentralen Planungscomputer (C) und einer Anzahl von mobilen Kommunikationssets (B), wobei der Planungscomputer (C) und die mobilen Kommunikationssets (B) zur drahtlosen Kommunikation miteinander über ein öffentliches oder ein anderes Kommunikationsnetzwerk ausgebildet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mobilen Kommunikationssets (B) aufweisen: jeweils einen Speicher (4) zum Speichern von Transportrouteninformationen in der Form von Identifikationscodes oder Fingerabdrücken von entlang der Transportroute befindlichen Sendern des öffentlichen oder anderen Kommunikationsnetzwerks und von zugehörigen Zeitrahmen sowie Empfängereinrichtungen (2) zum Empfangen der Identifikationscodes oder Fingerabdrücke aus dem öffentlichen oder anderen Kommunikationsnetzwerk, und Vergleichseinrichtungen (4) zum Vergleichen der empfangenen Identifikationscodes oder Fingerabdrücke und der zugehörigen Zeitrahmen miteinander, und Sendereinrichtungen (2) zum Übertragen einer Nachricht an den zentralen Planungscomputer (C) über das öffentliche oder andere Kommunikationsnetzwerk, wenn eine vorbestimmte Abweichung überschritten wird.
  13. System nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest eine Anzahl von Kommunikationssets (B) mit Einrichtungen (5, 7) zur Kurzstreckenkommunikation mit ähnlichen Kommunikationssets versehen ist.
  14. Kommunikationsset (B) zur Verwendung in einem Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 und/oder einem System nach Anspruch 12 oder 13.
EP19990202906 1998-09-04 1999-09-06 Verfahren zur Verfolgung und Nachführung von Waren Expired - Lifetime EP0984418B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1010007 1998-09-04
NL1010007A NL1010007C2 (nl) 1998-09-04 1998-09-04 Systeem voor het volgen en traceren van goederen.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0984418A2 EP0984418A2 (de) 2000-03-08
EP0984418A3 EP0984418A3 (de) 2001-10-24
EP0984418B1 true EP0984418B1 (de) 2007-07-11

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EP19990202906 Expired - Lifetime EP0984418B1 (de) 1998-09-04 1999-09-06 Verfahren zur Verfolgung und Nachführung von Waren

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EP (1) EP0984418B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69936496T2 (de)
NL (1) NL1010007C2 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6281797B1 (en) * 2000-04-04 2001-08-28 Marconi Data Systems Inc. Method and apparatus for detecting a container proximate to a transportation vessel hold
US6734796B2 (en) 2000-04-04 2004-05-11 Ian J. Forster Self-check for a detector detecting the proximity of a transportation vessel
US7501944B2 (en) 2003-01-08 2009-03-10 Envirotainer Ab Activation of tracking device
US9194932B2 (en) 2012-06-01 2015-11-24 Senaya, Inc. Method and system for airplane container tracking

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5826195A (en) * 1992-01-27 1998-10-20 Highwaymaster Communications, Inc. Data messaging in a communications network
US5751245A (en) * 1994-03-25 1998-05-12 Trimble Navigation Ltd. Vehicle route and schedule exception reporting system
TW303444B (de) * 1994-11-22 1997-04-21 Traffic Object Supervision Systems
DE19504733A1 (de) * 1995-02-06 1996-08-08 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zum Lokalisieren von Gegenständen
US5686888A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-11-11 General Electric Company Use of mutter mode in asset tracking for gathering data from cargo sensors
IL118283A (en) * 1995-06-07 2000-06-29 Gen Electric Tracking system for assets subject to movement
AUPN637495A0 (en) * 1995-11-06 1995-11-30 Borundi International Pty Ltd Multi layer vehicle tracking system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0984418A3 (de) 2001-10-24
DE69936496T2 (de) 2008-03-13
NL1010007C2 (nl) 2000-03-15
DE69936496D1 (de) 2007-08-23
EP0984418A2 (de) 2000-03-08

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