EP0981034B1 - Verfahren zum Bestimmen der Höhe des Badspiegels eines Elektrolichtbogenofens - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Bestimmen der Höhe des Badspiegels eines Elektrolichtbogenofens Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0981034B1 EP0981034B1 EP99115929A EP99115929A EP0981034B1 EP 0981034 B1 EP0981034 B1 EP 0981034B1 EP 99115929 A EP99115929 A EP 99115929A EP 99115929 A EP99115929 A EP 99115929A EP 0981034 B1 EP0981034 B1 EP 0981034B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- arc
- determined
- length
- arm
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001295925 Gegenes Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/28—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or the like devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
- F27B3/085—Arc furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
- F27D21/0028—Devices for monitoring the level of the melt
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for determining the height the bath level of an electric arc furnace, the one Oven vessel with a slag door and a height-adjustable one Electrode support arm for at least one graphite electrode having.
- the melt In the electric arc furnace, the melt is oxidic Slag covered.
- the slag contains oxygen, aluminum additives to remove it are needed.
- the aluminum is oxidized to alumina, which the casting properties deteriorate and the clogging of the Diving spout, which promotes so-called "clogging".
- the oxygen from the iron oxide in the slag complicates the Desulphurization and degassing of the steel at the secondary metallurgical treatment.
- Running slag is visually difficult to identify. Some Operators therefore use an electromagnetic process for slag detection. However, its warning signal is only given then, when the slag already through the tap hole in the Ladle is running. Only because of the negative casting properties you can see that the tapping was not low in slag.
- the permissible Tapping weight required to reach the minimum bath level depends on the height of the bath level before tapping. There is between this height and the permissible tapping weight a connection for which there are empirical values, so that at known bath level the permissible tapping weight is also known.
- the tapping weight is determined using load cells under the Pouring ladle measured in the steel extraction trolley, the racking until the permissible tapping weight is reached is.
- the key point is knowledge of the Initial height of the bathroom mirror.
- the bath weight is not a reliable indicator for the height of the bathroom mirror.
- the height of the bath level is measured in order to a targeted lowering of the oxygen lance into the converter or into the furnace vessel to reach.
- a water-cooled measuring probe with two contact pins used on the measuring head. After passing through the slag layer changes electrical resistance when the probe is immersed in the steel bath between the contact pins and thus signals the position of the bathroom mirror.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method that is accurate and inexpensive determination of the height of the bath level of an electric arc furnace leads shortly before its racking.
- the task is solved in that the height of the bath level by difference preferably outside the high temperature range of the electric arc furnace directly measured lengths of the position value of the one in the working position Electrode support arm and the graphite electrode and the indirectly determined arc length corrected with a correction element is determined.
- the exact Measuring lengths outside the high temperature range in normal temperature The environment of the electric arc furnace is comparatively simple and inexpensive. This allows the measurement process to be accurate and inexpensive.
- the length of the arc is advantageously determined using electrical parameters such as voltage, power factor (cosine ⁇ ), resistance, reactance and others Measured variables determined during operation. These electrical readings drop without this in operation and require no additional equipment, time and Operating expenses.
- the length of the graphite electrode is determined as the difference the position value of the raised electrode support arm and the position value an optical position measuring device, with the help of which the tip of the raised graphite electrode is located through the open slag door.
- the Position values of the electrode arm and optical measuring device become easier Measured way and outside the high temperature zone.
- the contact to The tip of the graphite electrode is a purely optical one.
- a furnace vessel (2) is tiltable as a fire-resistant liner Steel vessel, which has a pivotable furnace lid (3) having. In this way, the scrap in baskets from above be placed in the oven.
- Electrode support arm (5) attached by means of a not shown lifting device through an opening in the furnace cover (3) can be lowered into the furnace space, being its Position by a position sensor, not shown is shown.
- An arc (6) transfers the energy the input materials.
- the SchmeLze (7) has a bath level (8) in the right half of Fig. 1 the level before and in the left Half during racking.
- the molten steel pours into a ladle (10) on a steel extraction trolley (11) with which the ladle (10) to the Pouring equipment or other processing facilities is transported.
- Figure 2 shows a section of Fig. 1 with a raised slag door (13), which is the view of the top the graphite electrode (4) also pulled up for a optical position measuring device (14) releases.
- the method according to the invention works as follows: after melting, the liquid steel (7) of the electric arc furnace (1) is overheated in order to achieve an optimal tapping temperature. Towards the end of overheating. the electrode support arm (5) takes the position H arm, 1 . At this point, the bath level (8) is smooth and the arc (6) burns quietly under the slag (9).
- the arc length L arc can be determined from the electrical measurement values of the electric arc furnace (1).
- L gr H poor, 2 - H gr
- the measured value L gr is compared with that calculated on the electrode consumption ⁇ L gr .
- the electrode consumption ⁇ L gr can be determined empirically via the electrical and chemical energy consumed during the melting process and via electrical parameters.
- the method according to the invention is more precise, because the bath height is more crucial than for slag-free tapping the bath weight, which depends on the same bath height The state of wear of the furnace vessel (2) varies.
- the method according to the invention offers the possibility of a rapid measurement of the bath level (8) even before tapping and gives information about the permitted tapping amount for a slag-free racking, which is necessary for the adjustment of the desired degree of purity is crucial. Also offers there decision support for scrap loading and re-charging for the timely correction of the bath quantity.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- einen Schnitt durch einen Elektrolichtbogenofen mit Stahlentnahmewagen,
- Fig. 2
- einen Teil des geschnittenen ELektroLichtbogenofens mit offener Schlackentür und optischem Messgerät.
Claims (7)
- Verfahren zum Bestimmen der Höhe (Hbad) des Badspiegels eines Elektrolichtbogenofens (1), der ein Ofengefäß (2) mit einer Schlackentür (13) und einen höhenverstellbaren Elektrodentragarm (5) für mindestens eine Graphitelektrode (4) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Höhe (Hbad) des Badspiegels (8) durch Differenzbildung der vorzugsweise außerhalb des Hochtemperaturbereiches des Elektrolichtbogenofens (1) direkt gemessenen Längen des Positionswertes (Harm,1) des in Arbeitsstellung befindlichen Elektrodentragarms (5) und der Länge (Lgr) der Graphitelektrode (4) und der indirekt ermittelten, mit einem Korrekturglied (c) korrigierten, Lichtbogenlänge (Larc - c) bestimmt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Länge (Larc) des Lichtbogens (6) mit Hilfe elektrischer Parameter wie Spannung, Leistungsfaktor (cos Φ), Widerstand, Reaktanz und anderer Messgrößen während des Betriebs bestimmt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei der Bestimmung der Lichtbogenlänge (Larc) ein empirisch ermitteltes Korrekturglied (c) für die Unebenheit des Badspiegels (8) und der Elektrodenspitze berücksichtigt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Länge (Lgr) der Graphitelektrode (4) bestimmt wird als Differenz der Positionswerte (Harm,2) des angehobenen Elektrodentragarms (5) und des Positionswertes (Hgr) eines optischen Positionsmessgerätes (14), mit dessen Hilfe die Spitze der angehobenen Graphitelektrode (4) durch die geöffnete Schlackentür (13) geortet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die optische Positionsmessung (14) der Spitze der Graphitelektrode (4) nach deren Anhebung im Anschluss an die Überhitzungsphase erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Elektrodenverbrauch (ΔLgr) aus dem beim Schmelzprozess gemessenen Verbrauch von elektrischer und chemischer Energie bestimmt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Badspiegel (8) aus einer rechnerischen Verknüpfung der Längenabmessungen (Harm,1,Harm,2, Hgr, Larc- c) bestimmt und mit dem aus der beim Schmelzen eingesetzten elektrischen und chemischen Energie errechneten Elektrodenverbrauch kontrolliert wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19836844A DE19836844C2 (de) | 1998-08-14 | 1998-08-14 | Verfahren zum Bestimmen der Höhe des Badspiegels eines Elektrolichtbogenofens |
DE19836844 | 1998-08-14 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0981034A1 EP0981034A1 (de) | 2000-02-23 |
EP0981034B1 true EP0981034B1 (de) | 2004-01-21 |
Family
ID=7877509
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99115929A Expired - Lifetime EP0981034B1 (de) | 1998-08-14 | 1999-08-13 | Verfahren zum Bestimmen der Höhe des Badspiegels eines Elektrolichtbogenofens |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0981034B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE258300T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19836844C2 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9417321B2 (en) | 2010-04-26 | 2016-08-16 | Hatch Ltd. | Measurement of charge bank level in a metallurgical furnace |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114913225B (zh) * | 2021-02-10 | 2024-04-09 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种基于单目视觉的转炉液位实时测量方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2901828A (en) * | 1958-02-14 | 1959-09-01 | Vanadium Corp Of America | Apparatus for indicating the dip of an electrode in a submerged arc electric furnace |
US4843234A (en) * | 1988-04-05 | 1989-06-27 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Consumable electrode length monitor based on optical time domain reflectometry |
DE4402463C2 (de) * | 1994-01-28 | 1998-01-29 | Amepa Eng Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur diskontinuierlichen Erfassung der Dicke einer Schicht auf einer Metallschmelze |
US5708677A (en) * | 1995-04-21 | 1998-01-13 | Sandia Corporation | Arc voltage distribution skewness as an indicator of electrode gap during vacuum arc remelting |
-
1998
- 1998-08-14 DE DE19836844A patent/DE19836844C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-08-13 AT AT99115929T patent/ATE258300T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-08-13 DE DE59908350T patent/DE59908350D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-08-13 EP EP99115929A patent/EP0981034B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9417321B2 (en) | 2010-04-26 | 2016-08-16 | Hatch Ltd. | Measurement of charge bank level in a metallurgical furnace |
US9417322B2 (en) | 2010-04-26 | 2016-08-16 | Hatch Ltd. | Measurement of charge bank level in a metallurgical furnace |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE258300T1 (de) | 2004-02-15 |
DE19836844A1 (de) | 2000-02-24 |
EP0981034A1 (de) | 2000-02-23 |
DE59908350D1 (de) | 2004-02-26 |
DE19836844C2 (de) | 2001-07-05 |
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