EP0980292A1 - Device for generating directed vibrations - Google Patents

Device for generating directed vibrations

Info

Publication number
EP0980292A1
EP0980292A1 EP98925536A EP98925536A EP0980292A1 EP 0980292 A1 EP0980292 A1 EP 0980292A1 EP 98925536 A EP98925536 A EP 98925536A EP 98925536 A EP98925536 A EP 98925536A EP 0980292 A1 EP0980292 A1 EP 0980292A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carrier
vibration
bracket
holder
flyweights
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98925536A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0980292B1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Maurer
Edith Kramp
Johann Breitenbach
Thomas Bromberger
Alexander Mark
Georg Sick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wacker Construction Equipment AG
Original Assignee
Wacker Werke GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19741413A external-priority patent/DE19741413C2/en
Application filed by Wacker Werke GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Wacker Werke GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0980292A1 publication Critical patent/EP0980292A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0980292B1 publication Critical patent/EP0980292B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/10—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy
    • B06B1/12—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving reciprocating masses
    • B06B1/14—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving reciprocating masses the masses being elastically coupled
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/10—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy
    • B06B1/16—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
    • B06B1/161—Adjustable systems, i.e. where amplitude or direction of frequency of vibration can be varied
    • B06B1/166—Where the phase-angle of masses mounted on counter-rotating shafts can be varied, e.g. variation of the vibration phase
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18056—Rotary to or from reciprocating or oscillating
    • Y10T74/18344—Unbalanced weights

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for generating directed vibrations.
  • the structure can be a vibrating table for concrete compaction or a working device, e.g. a vibrating plate for soil compaction.
  • the directional vibrations are mainly generated by electrically / electronically or mechanically synchronized vibrators or also by pendulum vibrators.
  • the vibrators are two counter-rotating centrifugal weights, the opposing centrifugal force components cancel each other out, while the centrifugal forces perpendicular to the plane spanned by the axes of rotation of the centrifugal weights add up to a resulting force and cause the vibration.
  • the centrifugal weights are synchronized, sometimes with considerable effort, in a mechanical, electrical or electronic manner. In order to avoid the occurrence of harmful forces in a direction transverse to the actual direction of vibration, a considerable precision in the synchronization is required.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a device with which directional vibrations can be generated with justifiable design effort and can be supplied to a structure. According to the invention the object is achieved by a device with the features of claim 1. Advantageous further developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.
  • a device for generating directed vibrations is characterized by at least two centrifugal weights with essentially the same m * r, which can be driven independently of one another at essentially the same rotational speed in opposite directions about a mutually parallel axis; a largely rigid support on which the at least two flyweights are rotatably mounted; and by a console to which the carrier can be fastened via a holder in such a way that the carrier is movable relative to the console.
  • the carrier is largely rigid.
  • the flyweights of the unbalance vibration exciter run as if they were forcibly coupled to one another to produce a pure directional vibration, without this being the case, so that the usual high design effort and the associated susceptibility to failure are avoided becomes.
  • it is easier to assemble, since the entire device can easily be dismantled into independent sub-components. This is particularly important for mounting on vibrating tables.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the carrier is movable relative to the bracket in the direction of the directional vibration to be generated and in a direction perpendicular to the direction of vibration and perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the flyweights.
  • the vibration to be generated is oriented perpendicular to a plane spanned by the axes of rotation of the centrifugal weights.
  • the holder has at least one spring element for transmitting the movement of the carrier in the direction of the directional vibration.
  • the spring element can also be a rubber-elastic element.
  • the holder has at least one spring element for transmitting the movement of the carrier in the direction perpendicular to the direction of vibration and perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the flyweights.
  • the spring elements ensure mobility of the carrier in the holder and thus relative to the console without an inadmissible play between the carrier and the holder can occur.
  • the spring elements in particular when coupled with damping elements, bring about effective noise reduction since the structure-borne noise generated by the centrifugal weights and their drive is not or only partially transmitted to the console.
  • the stiffness of the spring element or elements is advantageously adapted to the stiffness of the carrier. This ensures that the self-synchronization of the two flyweights occurs independently of the structure to be excited.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the holder has two holder units fastened to the console, between which the carrier is movably received.
  • the bracket units face each other with the carrier arranged therebetween, so that the carrier can be securely held in place without the need for additional components.
  • Each of the mounting units advantageously has a spring element into which the carrier is inserted.
  • a drive for a centrifugal weight is arranged on the carrier. Since, according to the invention, the flyweights synchronize themselves independently, it is not necessary to additionally synchronize the drives by mechanical, electrical or electronic components.
  • the console is part of a structure into which the directional vibrations can be introduced. This means either that the holder or the holder units are attached directly to the structure to be excited, or that the console with the holder and the carrier can be attached to the structure as a structural unit.
  • the structure is a vibrating table or a vibrating plate, because with such a use of the device the previously known complex vibration generators can be replaced by a simpler device.
  • the single figure shows a sectional illustration of a device according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • centrifugal weights 1 are rotatably held in the form of imbalances on axes of rotation 2 and are each driven via the axes of rotation 2 by electric motors (not shown).
  • two flyweights 1 are provided in the depth direction of the figure, between which the drive motor is arranged. Such arrangements are already known from devices with positively synchronized flyweights, so that a further description is dispensed with.
  • the flyweights 1, the axes of rotation 2 and the drive motors are each connected to a common carrier 4 by means of supports 3.
  • the carrier 4 is a relatively thick steel plate and should be made as rigid as possible.
  • the supports 3 are welded or screwed onto the support 4 and also form the most rigid construction possible with the support 4.
  • the carrier 4 is held on two of its end faces by holder units 5a and 5b which form a holder and which are in turn welded to a bracket 6.
  • the mounting units are not welded to the console, but are screwed together.
  • the mounting units 5a and 5b overlap the carrier 4 in a hook-like manner, spring elements 7 being inserted between the mounting 4 and the mounting units 5a, 5b.
  • the spring elements 7 can be made of rubber, for example or consist of elastic plastic and, if necessary, also have damping properties.
  • the figure shows that a gap 8 is formed in each case between the end faces of the carrier 4 and the holding units 5a, 5b.
  • This gap 8 makes it possible for the carrier with the unbalance units attached to it to move slightly in the horizontal direction with respect to FIG. 1, which is necessary for the synchronization of the centrifugal weights 1.
  • the gap 8 can also be filled by a spring element in order to avoid that the carrier 4 strikes directly on the mounting units 5a, 5b.
  • the centrifugal weights 1 are brought into counter-rotating motion by the drive motors at essentially the same speed. Since their product of mass, the unbalance and radius of the unbalance center of gravity is essentially the same, the centrifugal forces resulting from the rotation are also essentially the same. Due to the opposite rotation, the horizontal components of the centrifugal forces cancel each other out, as seen in relation to FIG. 1, while the vertical components of the centrifugal forces directed in the direction of the arrow 9 add up and thus generate a directional vibration in the direction of the arrow 9.
  • the directional vibration perpendicular to a plane spanned by the axes of rotation 2 is transmitted via the rigid support 4 and the spring elements 7 to the console 6, where it can be used in the desired manner.
  • the console 6 can be attached to a structure or to an implement when using the device to initiate the directional vibration in the desired manner. It is also possible that the console 6 is already part of the structure or the implement to be excited.
  • the console 6 can be part of a vibration plate for soil compaction or a formwork skin of a vibrating table for concrete compaction.
  • the device can be used not only with the aforementioned vibrating table or the vibrating plate, but also with any other device in which directional vibrations are required.

Abstract

A device for generating directed vibrations has two centrifugal weights (1) which are independently driven at the same speed of rotation but in opposite directions. The centrifugal weights (1) are supported on a largely stiff carrier (4) secured by a holder (5a, 5b) to a bracket (6). The holder (5a, 5b) allows the carrier (4) to move relative to the bracket (6). When the centrifugal weights (1) start moving, they become synchronised within a short period of time and generate directed vibrations (9) which can be used in the desired manner via the bracket (6).

Description

Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen gerichteter Schwingungen Device for generating directed vibrations
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen gerichteter Schwingungen.The invention relates to a device for generating directed vibrations.
Derartige Vorrichtungen sind bekannt und dienen zur Einleitung gerichteter Schwingungen in eine Struktur. Bei der Struktur kann es sich um einen Rütteltisch zur Betonverdichtung oder um ein Arbeitsgerät, z.B. eine Rüttelplatte zur Bodenverdichtung, handeln. Bei Rütteltischen werden die gerichteten Schwingungen vorwiegend durch elektrisch/elektronisch oder mechanisch zwangsweise synchronisierte Rüttler oder auch durch Pendelrüttler erzeugt.Devices of this type are known and are used to introduce directed vibrations into a structure. The structure can be a vibrating table for concrete compaction or a working device, e.g. a vibrating plate for soil compaction. In the case of vibrating tables, the directional vibrations are mainly generated by electrically / electronically or mechanically synchronized vibrators or also by pendulum vibrators.
Bei den Rüttlern handelt es sich um zwei gegensinnig rotierende Fliehgewichte, deren gegeneinander gerichtete Fliehkraftkomponenten sich gegenseitig aufheben, während die senkrecht zu der durch die Drehachsen der Fliehgewichte aufgespannten Ebene stehenden Fliehkräfte sich zu einer resultierenden Kraft addieren und die Schwingung bewirken. Die Synchronisation der Fliehgewichte erfolgt mit teilweise erheblichem Aufwand auf mechanische, elektrische oder elektronische Weise. Um das Auftreten von schädlichen Kräften in einer Richtung quer zu der eigentlichen Schwingungsrichtung zu vermeiden, ist eine erhebliche Präzision bei der Synchronisation erforderlich.The vibrators are two counter-rotating centrifugal weights, the opposing centrifugal force components cancel each other out, while the centrifugal forces perpendicular to the plane spanned by the axes of rotation of the centrifugal weights add up to a resulting force and cause the vibration. The centrifugal weights are synchronized, sometimes with considerable effort, in a mechanical, electrical or electronic manner. In order to avoid the occurrence of harmful forces in a direction transverse to the actual direction of vibration, a considerable precision in the synchronization is required.
Ebenfalls wie bei Rütteltischen ist es auch bei Bodenverdichtungsgeräten, insbesondere bei Vibrationsplatten, bekannt, daß eine reine gerichtete Schwingung dadurch erhalten werden kann, daß zwei Fliehgewichte mit gleichem m * r (Produkt aus Mas- se der Unwucht und Radius des Schwerpunkts) um zueinander parallele Achsen mit gleicher Drehzahl gegensinnig in Drehung versetzt werden. Zu diesem Zweck sind bei den bekannten Geräten die in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse gelagerten Unwuchten ebenfalls zwangsweise miteinander drehbar gekoppelt und von einem gemeinsamen Antrieb her beide mit der gewünschten gleichen Drehzahl in Gegensinn angetrieben.As with vibrating tables, it is also known with soil compacting devices, in particular with vibration plates, that a pure directional vibration can be obtained by two centrifugal weights with the same m * r (product of mass of the unbalance and radius of the center of gravity) being parallel to one another Axes are rotated in opposite directions at the same speed. For this purpose, in the known devices, the unbalances mounted in a common housing are also forcibly rotatably coupled to one another and both are driven in opposite directions by a common drive at the same desired speed.
Insbesondere bei dem Einsatz bei Rütteltischen hat sich die bekannte Art der Erzeugung gerichteter Schwingungen wegen des damit verbundenen hohen konstruktiven Aufwands und den damit verbundenen Kosten als problematisch erwiesen.Particularly when used with vibrating tables, the known way of generating directed vibrations has proven to be problematic because of the high structural complexity and the associated costs.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung anzugeben, mit der bei vertretbarem konstruktivem Aufwand gerichtete Schwingungen erzeugt und einer Struktur zugeführt werden können. Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen von Patentanspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterentwicklungen der Erfindung sind den abhängigen Ansprüchen zu entnehmen.The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a device with which directional vibrations can be generated with justifiable design effort and can be supplied to a structure. According to the invention the object is achieved by a device with the features of claim 1. Advantageous further developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen gerichteter Schwingungen ist gekennzeichnet durch wenigstens zwei Fliehgewichte mit im wesentlichen gleichem m * r, die voneinander unabhängig mit im wesentlichen gleicher Drehzahl gegensinnig um zueinander parallele Achse drehend antreibbar sind; einen weitgehend starren Träger, auf dem die wenigstens zwei Fliehgewichte drehbar gelagert sind; und durch eine Konsole, an der der Träger über eine Halterung derart befestigbar ist, daß der Träger relativ zu der Konsole beweglich ist.A device according to the invention for generating directed vibrations is characterized by at least two centrifugal weights with essentially the same m * r, which can be driven independently of one another at essentially the same rotational speed in opposite directions about a mutually parallel axis; a largely rigid support on which the at least two flyweights are rotatably mounted; and by a console to which the carrier can be fastened via a holder in such a way that the carrier is movable relative to the console.
Es hat sich überraschend gezeigt, daß beim Einschalten des Antriebs der Fliehgewichte bei der in der vorstehenden Weise gestalteten Vorrichtung nahezu augenblick- lieh eine selbsttätige Synchronisation der beiden Fliehgewichte stattfindet, wenn in Richtung parallel zur gemeinsamen Ebene der Drehachsen der Fliehgewichte, d.h. in Richtung senkrecht zur Schwingungsrichtung und senkrecht zu den Drehachsen der Fliehgewichte, sowie senkrecht zu den Drehachsen, d.h. in Richtung der zu erzeugenden Schwingungen, der die Fliehgewichte tragende Träger jeweils einen Bewe- gungsfreiheitsgrad hat, der in der Regel konstruktiv durch eine gewisse Materialelastizität gegeben ist und im Bedarfsfalle auch in der Größe passend eingerichtet werden kann. Voraussetzung dafür ist jedoch, daß der Träger weitgehend starr ist. Aus diesem Grund laufen die Fliehgewichte des Unwucht-Schwingungserregers so, als wären sie miteinander zur Erzeugung einer reinen gerichteten Schwingung miteinan- der zwangsgekoppelt, ohne daß dies in Wirklichkeit der Fall ist, so daß der diesbezüglich übliche hohe konstruktive Aufwand und die damit einhergehende Störanfälligkeit vermieden wird. Darüber hinaus ergibt sich eine leichtere Montierbarkeit, da die gesamte Vorrichtung leicht in unabhängige Teilkomponenten zerlegt werden kann. Dies ist insbesondere für die Montage an Rütteltischen von Bedeutung.It has surprisingly been found that when the drive of the flyweights is switched on in the device designed in the manner described above, an automatic synchronization of the two flyweights takes place almost instantaneously, if in the direction parallel to the common plane of the axes of rotation of the flyweights, i.e. in the direction perpendicular to the direction of vibration and perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the centrifugal weights, as well as perpendicular to the axes of rotation, i.e. in the direction of the vibrations to be generated, the carrier carrying the centrifugal weights each has a degree of freedom of movement, which is generally given by a certain material elasticity in construction and, if necessary, can also be set up appropriately in size. However, the prerequisite for this is that the carrier is largely rigid. For this reason, the flyweights of the unbalance vibration exciter run as if they were forcibly coupled to one another to produce a pure directional vibration, without this being the case, so that the usual high design effort and the associated susceptibility to failure are avoided becomes. In addition, it is easier to assemble, since the entire device can easily be dismantled into independent sub-components. This is particularly important for mounting on vibrating tables.
Aus diesem Grund ist eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Träger relativ zu der Konsole in Richtung der zu erzeugenden gerichteten Schwingung sowie in einer Richtung senkrecht zu der Schwingungsrichtung und senkrecht zu den Drehachsen der Fliehgewichte beweglich ist.For this reason, a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the carrier is movable relative to the bracket in the direction of the directional vibration to be generated and in a direction perpendicular to the direction of vibration and perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the flyweights.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die zu erzeugende Schwingung senkrecht zu einer durch die Drehachsen der Fliehgewichte aufgespannten Ebene ausgerichtet. Bei einer besonders vorteilhaften Weiterentwicklung der Erfindung weist die Halterung wenigstens ein Federelement zum Übertragen der Bewegung des Trägers in Richtung der gerichteten Schwingung auf. Bei dem Federelement kann es sich auch um ein gummielastisches Element handeln. Bei einer anderen vorteilhaften Weiter- entwicklung weist die Halterung wenigstens ein Federelement zum Übertragen der Bewegung des Trägers in Richtung senkrecht zu der Schwingungsrichtung und senkrecht zu den Drehachsen der Fliehgewichte auf. Die Federelemente gewährleisten eine Beweglichkeit des Trägers in der Halterung und damit relativ zu der Konsole, ohne daß ein unzulässiges Spiel zwischen dem Träger und der Halterung auftreten kann. Weiterhin bewirken die Federelemente, insbesondere bei Kopplung mit Dämpfungselementen, eine effektive Lärmreduzierung, da die von den Fliehgewichten und deren Antrieb erzeugten Körperschallschwingungen nicht oder nur zum Teil auf die Konsole übertragen werden.Advantageously, the vibration to be generated is oriented perpendicular to a plane spanned by the axes of rotation of the centrifugal weights. In a particularly advantageous further development of the invention, the holder has at least one spring element for transmitting the movement of the carrier in the direction of the directional vibration. The spring element can also be a rubber-elastic element. In another advantageous further development, the holder has at least one spring element for transmitting the movement of the carrier in the direction perpendicular to the direction of vibration and perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the flyweights. The spring elements ensure mobility of the carrier in the holder and thus relative to the console without an inadmissible play between the carrier and the holder can occur. Furthermore, the spring elements, in particular when coupled with damping elements, bring about effective noise reduction since the structure-borne noise generated by the centrifugal weights and their drive is not or only partially transmitted to the console.
Vorteilhafterweise sind die Steifigkeit des oder der Federelemente an die Steifigkeit des Trägers angepaßt. Dadurch wird sichergestellt, daß sich die Selbstsynchronisation der beiden Fliehgewichte unabhängig von der anzuregenden Struktur einstellt.The stiffness of the spring element or elements is advantageously adapted to the stiffness of the carrier. This ensures that the self-synchronization of the two flyweights occurs independently of the structure to be excited.
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, daß die Halterung zwei an der Konsole befestigte Halterungseinheiten aufweist, zwischen die der Träger beweglich aufgenommen ist. Die Halterungseinheiten stehen einander bei dazwischen angeordnetem Träger gegenüber, so daß der Träger sicher festgehalten werden kann, ohne daß zusätzliche Bauelemente erforderlich sind.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the holder has two holder units fastened to the console, between which the carrier is movably received. The bracket units face each other with the carrier arranged therebetween, so that the carrier can be securely held in place without the need for additional components.
Vorteilhafterweise weist jede der Halterungseinheiten ein Federelement auf, in das der Träger eingesetzt ist.Each of the mounting units advantageously has a spring element into which the carrier is inserted.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist jeweils ein Antrieb für ein Fliehgewicht auf dem Träger angeordnet. Da sich erfindungsgemäß die Fliehgewichte selbständig synchronisieren, ist es nicht erforderlich, die Antriebe durch mechanische, elektrische oder elektronische Komponenten zusätzlich zu synchronisieren.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a drive for a centrifugal weight is arranged on the carrier. Since, according to the invention, the flyweights synchronize themselves independently, it is not necessary to additionally synchronize the drives by mechanical, electrical or electronic components.
Besonders zweckmäßig kann es sein, die Fliehgewichte jeweils hälftig axial geteilt und mit jeweils dazwischen angeordnetem Antriebsmotor auszuführen, um die Lagerund Wellenbelastungen der Motoren zu vergleichmäßigen. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Konsole Bestandteil einer Struktur ist, in die die gerichteten Schwingungen einleitbar sind. Dies bedeutet entweder, daß die Halterung bzw. die Halterungseinheiten direkt auf der anzuregenden Struktur befestigt werden, oder daß die Konsole mit der Halterung und dem Träger als bauliche Einheit an der Struktur befestigbar ist.It may be particularly expedient to split the centrifugal weights in half axially and with the drive motor arranged between them in order to even out the bearing and shaft loads on the motors. It is particularly advantageous if the console is part of a structure into which the directional vibrations can be introduced. This means either that the holder or the holder units are attached directly to the structure to be excited, or that the console with the holder and the carrier can be attached to the structure as a structural unit.
Ebenfalls vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Struktur ein Rütteltisch oder eine Vibrationsplatte ist, weil sich bei einer derartigen Verwendung der Vorrichtung die bisher bekannten aufwendigen Schwingungserzeuger durch eine einfachere Vorrichtung erset- zen lassen.It is also advantageous if the structure is a vibrating table or a vibrating plate, because with such a use of the device the previously known complex vibration generators can be replaced by a simpler device.
Diese und weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung werden nachfolgend unter Zuhilfenahme der begleitenden Figur näher erläutert.These and other advantages and features of the invention are explained in more detail below with the aid of the accompanying figure.
Die einzige Figur zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung einer Vorrichtung gemäß einerAusfüh- rungsform der Erfindung.The single figure shows a sectional illustration of a device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Zwei schematisch dargestellte Fliehgewichte 1 sind in Form von Unwuchten an Drehachsen 2 drehbar gehalten und werden über die Drehachsen 2 jeweils von nicht dar- gestellten Elektromotoren angetrieben. Bei einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind in Tiefenrichtung der Figur jeweils zwei Fliehgewichte 1 vorgesehen, zwischen denen der Antriebsmotor angeordnet ist. Derartige Anordnungen sind aber bereits von Vorrichtungen mit zwangssynchronisierten Fliehgewichten bekannt, so daß auf eine weitergehende Beschreibung verzichtet wird.Two schematically illustrated centrifugal weights 1 are rotatably held in the form of imbalances on axes of rotation 2 and are each driven via the axes of rotation 2 by electric motors (not shown). In another embodiment of the invention, two flyweights 1 are provided in the depth direction of the figure, between which the drive motor is arranged. Such arrangements are already known from devices with positively synchronized flyweights, so that a further description is dispensed with.
Die Fliehgewichte 1, die Drehachsen 2 und die Antriebsmotoren sind jeweils mittels Stützen 3 mit einem gemeinsamen Träger 4 verbunden. Der Träger 4 ist eine relativ dicke Stahlplatte und sollte so verwindungssteif wie möglich ausgeführt werden.The flyweights 1, the axes of rotation 2 and the drive motors are each connected to a common carrier 4 by means of supports 3. The carrier 4 is a relatively thick steel plate and should be made as rigid as possible.
Die Stützen 3 sind auf dem Träger 4 festgeschweißt oder festgeschraubt und bilden mit dem Träger 4 ebenfalls eine möglichst steife Konstruktion.The supports 3 are welded or screwed onto the support 4 and also form the most rigid construction possible with the support 4.
Der Träger 4 ist an zwei seiner Stirnseiten von eine Halterung bildenden Halterungseinheiten 5a und 5b gehalten, die wiederum an einer Konsole 6 festgeschweißt sind. Bei anderen Ausführungsformen sind die Halterungseinheiten nicht mit der Konsole verschweißt, sondern verschraubt. Die Halterungseinheiten 5a und 5b übergreifen hakenartig den Träger 4, wobei zwischen dem Träger 4 und den Halterungseinheiten 5a, 5b Federelemente 7 eingelegt sind. Die Federelemente 7 können z.B. aus Gummi oder aus elastischem Kunststoff bestehen und erforderlichenfalls auch Dämpfungseigenschaften aufweisen.The carrier 4 is held on two of its end faces by holder units 5a and 5b which form a holder and which are in turn welded to a bracket 6. In other embodiments, the mounting units are not welded to the console, but are screwed together. The mounting units 5a and 5b overlap the carrier 4 in a hook-like manner, spring elements 7 being inserted between the mounting 4 and the mounting units 5a, 5b. The spring elements 7 can be made of rubber, for example or consist of elastic plastic and, if necessary, also have damping properties.
In der Figur ist gezeigt, daß zwischen den Stirnseiten des Trägers 4 und den Halte- rungseinheiten 5a, 5b jeweils ein Spalt 8 ausgebildet ist. Dieser Spalt 8 ermöglicht es, daß sich der Träger mit den an ihm befestigten Unwuchteinheiten beim Anlaufen der Fliehgewichte 1 in - bezüglich Fig. 1 - Horizontalrichtung geringfügig bewegen kann, was für die Synchronisierung der Fliehgewichte 1 erforderlich ist. Der Spalt 8 kann bei einer anderen Ausführungsform ebenfalls durch ein Federelement ausge- füllt sein, um zu vermeiden, daß der Träger 4 direkt auf die Halterungseinheiten 5a, 5b aufschlägt.The figure shows that a gap 8 is formed in each case between the end faces of the carrier 4 and the holding units 5a, 5b. This gap 8 makes it possible for the carrier with the unbalance units attached to it to move slightly in the horizontal direction with respect to FIG. 1, which is necessary for the synchronization of the centrifugal weights 1. In another embodiment, the gap 8 can also be filled by a spring element in order to avoid that the carrier 4 strikes directly on the mounting units 5a, 5b.
Zum Erzeugen der gerichteten Schwingung werden die Fliehgewichte 1 durch die Antriebsmotoren in gegensinnige Drehbewegung bei im wesentlichen gleicher Drehzahl gebracht. Da ihr Produkt aus Masse der Unwucht und Radius des Unwuchtschwerpunkts im wesentlichen gleich ist, sind auch die sich durch die Rotation ergebenden Fliehkräfte im wesentlichen gleich. Aufgrund der gegensinnigen Drehung heben sich die - in bezug auf Fig. 1 gesehen - Horizontalkomponenten der Fliehkräfte gegenseitig auf, während sich die in Pfeilrichtung 9 gerichteten Vertikalkomponenten der Flieh- kräfte addieren und somit eine gerichtete Schwingung in Pfeilrichtung 9 erzeugen. Die senkrecht zu einer durch die Drehachsen 2 aufgespannten Ebene stehende, gerichtete Schwingung wird über den starren Träger 4 und die Federelemente 7 auf die Konsole 6 übertragen, wo sie in der gewünschten Weise genutzt werden kann.To generate the directional vibration, the centrifugal weights 1 are brought into counter-rotating motion by the drive motors at essentially the same speed. Since their product of mass, the unbalance and radius of the unbalance center of gravity is essentially the same, the centrifugal forces resulting from the rotation are also essentially the same. Due to the opposite rotation, the horizontal components of the centrifugal forces cancel each other out, as seen in relation to FIG. 1, while the vertical components of the centrifugal forces directed in the direction of the arrow 9 add up and thus generate a directional vibration in the direction of the arrow 9. The directional vibration perpendicular to a plane spanned by the axes of rotation 2 is transmitted via the rigid support 4 and the spring elements 7 to the console 6, where it can be used in the desired manner.
Die Konsole 6 kann bei Verwendung der Vorrichtung auf einer Struktur oder an einem Arbeitsgerät befestigt werden, um die gerichtete Schwingung in der gewünschten Weise einzuleiten. Ebenfalls ist es möglich, daß die Konsole 6 bereits Teil der anzuregenden Struktur bzw. des Arbeitsgeräts ist. Zum Beispiel kann die Konsole 6 Bestandteil einer Vibrationsplatte zur Bodenverdichtung oder einer Schalungshaut ei- nes Rütteltischs zur Betonverdichtung sein.The console 6 can be attached to a structure or to an implement when using the device to initiate the directional vibration in the desired manner. It is also possible that the console 6 is already part of the structure or the implement to be excited. For example, the console 6 can be part of a vibration plate for soil compaction or a formwork skin of a vibrating table for concrete compaction.
Selbstverständlich kann die Vorrichtung nicht nur bei dem genannten Rütteltisch oder der Vibrationsplatte eingesetzt werden, sondern auch bei jeder anderen Vorrichtung, bei der gerichtete Schwingungen erforderlich sind.Of course, the device can be used not only with the aforementioned vibrating table or the vibrating plate, but also with any other device in which directional vibrations are required.
Die in der Figur gezeigte Ausführungsform weist zwei Halterungseinheiten 5a, 5b auf. Bei einer kleineren Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist es auch möglich, den Träger 4 durch nur eine Halterungseinheit an der Konsole 6 zu befestigen. The embodiment shown in the figure has two mounting units 5a, 5b. In a smaller embodiment of the invention, it is also possible to fasten the carrier 4 to the console 6 by means of only one mounting unit.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1. Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen gerichteter Schwingungen, gekennzeichnet durch - wenigstens zwei Fliehgewichte (1) mit im wesentlichen gleichem m * r, die voneinander unabhängig mit im wesentlichen gleicher Drehzahl gegensinnig um zueinander parallele Achsen (2) drehend antreibbar sind; einen weitgehend starren Träger (4) , auf dem die wenigstens zwei Fliehgewichte drehbar gelagert sind; und durch - eine Konsole (6), an der der Träger über eine Halterung (5a, 5b) derart befestigbar ist, daß der Träger relativ zu der Konsole beweglich ist.1. Device for generating directed vibrations, characterized by - at least two centrifugal weights (1) with essentially the same m * r, which can be driven independently of one another at essentially the same speed in opposite directions about mutually parallel axes (2); a largely rigid support (4) on which the at least two flyweights are rotatably mounted; and by - a bracket (6) to which the bracket can be fastened via a holder (5a, 5b) in such a way that the bracket is movable relative to the bracket.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Träger (4) relativ zu der Konsole (6) in Richtung (9) der zu erzeugenden gerichteten Schwingung sowie in einer Richtung senkrecht zu der Schwingungsrichtung (9) und senkrecht zu den Drehachsen (2) der Fliehgewichte (1) beweglich ist.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier (4) relative to the bracket (6) in the direction (9) of the directional vibration to be generated and in a direction perpendicular to the direction of vibration (9) and perpendicular to the axes of rotation ( 2) the flyweights (1) are movable.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zu erzeugende Schwingung senkrecht zu einer durch die Drehachsen (2) der Fliehge- wichte (1) aufgespannten Ebene ausgerichtet ist.3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the vibration to be generated is aligned perpendicular to a plane spanned by the axes of rotation (2) of the centrifugal weights (1).
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Halterung (5a, 5b) wenigstens ein Federelement (7) zum Übertragen der Bewegung des Trägers (4) in Richtung der gerichteten Schwingung (9) aufweist.4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the holder (5a, 5b) has at least one spring element (7) for transmitting the movement of the carrier (4) in the direction of the directional vibration (9).
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Halterung (5a, 5b) wenigstens ein Federelement (7) aufweist, zum Übertragen der Bewegung des Trägers (4) in Richtung senkrecht zu der Schwingungsrichtung (9) und senkrecht zu den Drehachsen (2) der Fliehgewichte (1).5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the holder (5a, 5b) has at least one spring element (7) for transmitting the movement of the carrier (4) in the direction perpendicular to the direction of vibration (9) and perpendicular to the axes of rotation (2) of the flyweights (1).
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steifigkeit des Federelements (7) an die Steifigkeit des Trägers (4) angepaßt ist.6. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the rigidity of the spring element (7) is adapted to the rigidity of the carrier (4).
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeich- net, daß die Halterung (5a, 5b) zwei an der Konsole (6) befestigte Halterungseinheiten (5a, 5b) aufweist, zwischen die der Träger (4) beweglich aufgenommen ist. 7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holder (5a, 5b) has two holder units (5a, 5b) fastened to the bracket (6), between which the carrier (4) is movably received.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede der Halterungseinheiten (5a, 5b) ein Federelement (7) aufweist, in das der Träger (4) eingesetzt ist.8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that each of the mounting units (5a, 5b) has a spring element (7) into which the carrier (4) is inserted.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeweils ein Antrieb für ein Fliehgewicht (1) auf dem Träger (4) angeordnet ist.9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in each case a drive for a centrifugal weight (1) is arranged on the carrier (4).
10. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, daß die Fliehgewichte (1) jeweils hälftig geteilt, mit jeweils dazwischen angeordnetem Antriebsmotor ausgeführt sind.10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flyweights (1) are each divided in half, each with a drive motor arranged therebetween.
11. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Konsole (6) Bestandteil einer Struktur ist, in die die gerichteten Schwingungen einleitbar sind.11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the console (6) is part of a structure into which the directional vibrations can be introduced.
12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Struktur ein Rütteltisch oder eine Vibrationsplatte ist.12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the structure is a vibrating table or a vibrating plate.
13. Verwendung einer Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12 als Au- ßenrüttler an einem Rütteltisch oder als Schwingungserreger an einer Vibrationsplatte. 13. Use of a device according to one of claims 1 to 12 as an external vibrator on a vibrating table or as a vibration exciter on a vibration plate.
EP98925536A 1997-05-05 1998-05-05 Device for generating directed vibrations Expired - Lifetime EP0980292B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29708118 1997-05-05
DE29708118U 1997-05-05
DE19741413A DE19741413C2 (en) 1997-05-05 1997-09-19 Device for generating directed vibrations
DE19741413 1997-09-19
PCT/EP1998/002647 WO1998050171A1 (en) 1997-05-05 1998-05-05 Device for generating directed vibrations

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EP0980292A1 true EP0980292A1 (en) 2000-02-23
EP0980292B1 EP0980292B1 (en) 2002-10-30

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WO (1) WO1998050171A1 (en)

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US6263750B1 (en) 2001-07-24
WO1998050171A1 (en) 1998-11-12
EP0980292B1 (en) 2002-10-30
JP2001524023A (en) 2001-11-27
JP3919827B2 (en) 2007-05-30

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