EP0979679A2 - Séparateur à cyclone - Google Patents

Séparateur à cyclone Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0979679A2
EP0979679A2 EP99810671A EP99810671A EP0979679A2 EP 0979679 A2 EP0979679 A2 EP 0979679A2 EP 99810671 A EP99810671 A EP 99810671A EP 99810671 A EP99810671 A EP 99810671A EP 0979679 A2 EP0979679 A2 EP 0979679A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cyclone separator
separator according
cyclone
air
screen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99810671A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0979679A3 (fr
Inventor
Walter Schweizer
Original Assignee
Marwal-Technik Walter Schweizer
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Marwal-Technik Walter Schweizer filed Critical Marwal-Technik Walter Schweizer
Publication of EP0979679A2 publication Critical patent/EP0979679A2/fr
Publication of EP0979679A3 publication Critical patent/EP0979679A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/14—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/12—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits
    • B04C5/13—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits formed as a vortex finder and extending into the vortex chamber; Discharge from vortex finder otherwise than at the top of the cyclone; Devices for controlling the overflow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/22—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed with cleaning means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cyclone separator according to the preamble of the independent Claim.
  • a conveying gas is often used to transport dusty or granular material used.
  • the dusty or granular material in pipelines is a gas flow, mostly an air flow.
  • the Dust or the granular material can be removed from the air flow. Suitable for this especially the cyclone separators. With this you achieve two things. On the one hand the transported material is separated from the flow and again we clean the funding, gas or air.
  • different but typical Examples include flour production in the food industry and powder transportation called in powder coating systems.
  • cyclone separators or centrifugal separator.
  • the conveying flow is radial through a supply channel Direction in a frustoconical cyclone housing. Because the supplied with dust laden air flows downward in a spiral. The dust gets through the Centrifugal force thrown against the inside wall of the housing while doing so slowed down. The dust falls down while the cleaned air passes through the central one Dip tube is discharged upwards.
  • the dust separated in the cyclone or powdery material is the deceleration and contact with the Cyclone wall mechanically stressed and this tends to make the grain size downsized. That means that for the reuse of the deposited material the quality in relation to the grain sizes is no longer sufficiently uniform.
  • the object of the invention is to design such a cyclone separator in such a way that As little as possible of the transported material is lost and the quality of the separated material remains constant enough for further use, so that a Further transport is also guaranteed without conveying air.
  • An additional advantage of the invention is that less material on the outer wall of the Dip tube sticks, or that the resulting undesirable coating is running can be removed without interference during operation.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that no additional undesirable mechanical stress on the material being conveyed occurs because it is cleaned by hand by scraping away.
  • the mode of operation is according to the invention by three different measures, which complement each other, be achieved.
  • the area of the dip tube geometrically changed so that as little material as possible settles on it and only little undesirable coating is formed.
  • the air flow is also like this influenced that any unwanted coating from the wall of the dip tube Will get removed.
  • a suitable screening machine The quality of the deposited powder or dust is controlled and thus influenced that it remains easily transportable afterwards.
  • the geometric change of the outer wall of the dip tube is done by a Change the pipe.
  • the outer wall of the dip tube receives an aerodynamic suitable shape, which generates as little vortex as possible.
  • the outer wall corresponds then about the surface of a known wing profile. It becomes a simultaneous one Kind of drip edge generated at the lower end of the dip tube.
  • This drip edge is the one Self-cleaning if a powder or dust coating falls off on the outer wall of the Dip tube conducive. It ensures that the powder collects at this point and then triggers so that it doesn't flow upward through the flow of purified air is blown away through the dip tube, but actually down into the cyclone funnel falls. So that any coating on the outer wall of the immersion tube comes off additional cleaning air is introduced directly into this area.
  • This cleaning air can be actively blown in under pressure or it becomes passive sucked in by the suction effect in the cyclone itself. This is recommended Do not introduce cleaning air continuously. It is better if they are intermittent controlled discontinuously by means of valves or pumps to the position to be cleaned on Dip tube arrives.
  • FIG. 1 The basic structure of the cyclone separator according to the invention is shown in FIG. 1 well visible.
  • His closed cyclone housing 1 covered with a Supply channel 11 for supplying the polluted air has the shape of an upside-down, open truncated cone at the bottom.
  • a dip tube 12 is concentric from above Cover 14 inserted. It extends partially into the cyclone housing 1. From Immersion tube 12 leads an exhaust air duct away, for example to a clean air filter.
  • To the Cyclone housing 1 open at the bottom connects to a collecting cone 3, which acts like a funnel collects the separated material and directs it downwards into a collecting container 4.
  • A the direction of the supply of the polluted air
  • B the path of the air during the deposition
  • C the path of the cleaned air.
  • S The way of the separated material, dust or powder is indicated with S. Basically all known variants in form and design are possible. So far the corresponds Cyclone separator according to the prior art.
  • the immersion tube 12 has an aerodynamically profiled outer wall 121.
  • the wall cross section of the Dip tube 12 is of course not constant as a result.
  • This profiling can be done by Apply material or be generated by processing the tube itself.
  • This Profiling can be improved even more by using a dip tube extension 123 or more less uniform transition from the cover 14 to the dip tube 12 with is included. It is taken into account that the ideal flow structure in the cyclone is influenced at most minimally.
  • This profile also forms at the lower end of the Immersion tube 12 a tear-off nose 122, comparable to a drip edge.
  • This Demolition tab 122 is helpful when removing deposited material. Further Improvements can be achieved by aerodynamically profiling them Outer wall 121 of the dip tube is coated with a non-stick coating. A Version with hardened and polished surface or chrome-plated can also Find use.
  • FIG. 1 In another embodiment, shown as a detail in FIG profiling from a flexible membrane 126, which is like a stocking over the Dip tube is put over.
  • This membrane can for example consist of a sintered Plastic or also consist of a metal foil. Air can pass through the Inlet port 124 in the space 127 between the membrane and the The outer wall of the immersion tube should be blown in intermittently. The membrane 126 thus moves and shakes off any deposit of deposited material.
  • the Function is with a system for de-icing the wing lugs on aircraft comparable.
  • the cyclone is supplemented by means of removal of these deposits.
  • the cyclone is equipped with at least one separate feed provided with cleaning air.
  • This at least one feeder is in the cover 14 arranged.
  • An air line leads from the outside to at least one inlet connection 124 for cleaning air. It is a fresh air line or a branch from the Feed to the feed channel 11.
  • the inlet port 124 is arranged such that Cleaning air RL, which is blown in here as directly as possible on the profiled Meets the outer wall of the dip tube.
  • the inlet ports are designed such that the area of the cover 14 remains as close as possible to dead space inside the cyclone. That means that Cover 14 is just executed and the nozzle does not extend into the interior.
  • These inlet ports 124 are provided with slides 125 or valves so that they are normally closed and only open intermittently for a short time. As a result, there is a short burst of air in the direction of the outer pipe wall blown. This is further discussed in connection with Figures 2 and 3 received.
  • the cleaning air RL is blown in actively under pressure. However it is possible to design the inlet connection so that the cleaning air RL through the suction, induced by the flow in the cyclone. this process can take place during the operation of the system or during breaks.
  • This screening machine 2 consists of an upper screen sieve 21 with a coarser hole size, one below arranged and spaced fine screen 22.
  • the space between the screen screen 21 and the fine screen 22 forms a screen space 23.
  • the screen sieve 23 has a hole width of 450 to 500 ⁇ and the fine screen has a hole size of 180 to 300 ⁇ .
  • the Distance between the two sieves about 30 mm.
  • a further improvement can be achieved by that fresh powder 25 is additionally controlled as required by means of a metering nozzle 24 Sieve space 23 is introduced. This can affect the quality of the recovered powder be kept constant, since it is constantly with fresh powder 25 of the best quality is mixed.
  • the separated powder now goes down into the collecting cone 3. Here it gets collected and carried away from there, for example into a collecting container 4. So that separated powder in a plug flow evenly from the collecting cone can leak, a vent pipe 31 is centrally in the top down Collection cone 3 arranged.
  • the vent pipe starts briefly in an area at the top below the screening machine 2. It ends at the bottom just before the narrowest point of the Collecting cone 3 above the material outlet 33.
  • the vent pipe 31 ensures that that the material, especially dust and powder, remains fluidized. So one finds uniform plug delivery takes place and the separated material tends in Collection cone not for lump formation.
  • the material outlet 33 is advantageously provided with a pinch valve. This ensures good transport of the resulting Powder.
  • the pinch valve can also have a multiple function and on different discharge channels and possibly also to a compressed air channel to his own cleaning can be switched.
  • the cyclone separator is shown in supervision in Figures 2 and 3.
  • the quadrants I and II is the cover 14 of the slide 125 and covers the inlet 124, while in the quadrant III the slide with the Slider openings 125 "and in quadrant IV the inlet openings 125 'in the Cover 14 are shown.
  • the Inlet openings 125 'and the slide openings 125 "around radially arranged Slots, while in Figure 3 as round holes or openings are shown.
  • Suitable dimensions can ensure that the Cleaning air does not have to be actively blown in under pressure, but that it is sucked in by the normal cyclone flow.
  • the desired short air blasts into the area arise from the inlet openings 125 ' the aerodynamic profile 121 of the outer wall of the dip tube 12.
  • the cleaning air is also blown in through conventional valves instead of being controlled by means of a slide 125.
  • Another possibility is that instead of fresh air there is also polluted air, which is in front of and from is branched off the feed channel 11, is blown in here.
  • the effect of cleaning the outer wall of the dip tube 12 can still under certain circumstances be improved.
  • no additional blower or the like is required to to blow in the cleaning air.
  • FIGS. 5 to 7. are Elements that help improve the treatment of the separated dust and at the same time allow the time required for cleaning the cyclone in the Cleaning interval from about 30 minutes significantly to only about 5 minutes reduced.
  • the screen space 23 is shown in FIG. 5 in a cross section while further details from the context with Figures 6 and 7 and be described together.
  • the screen space 23 comprises an ultrasonic screen 231
  • Ultrasonic sieve 231 is floating in the sieve space carrier 230 and seals inwards stored. It is fixed with an infinitely controllable ultrasound transmitter 232, articulated or deflectable mechanically connected.
  • the ultrasonic sieve is at a distance arranged below the screen screen 21. It consists of known technology a braid 233 made of wire or other suitable material, which in one Sieve frame 234 is clamped.
  • the sieve frame 234 seals the sieve space 23 completely against the portafilter 230.
  • the screen frame 234 is three or possibly also several sieve pads made of a suitable elastic material floating stored in portafilter 230.
  • annular gap nozzle 251 in the sieve space carrier just below the ultrasonic sieve 231 arranged.
  • the annular gap nozzle 251 has an inwardly open annular gap and a circumferential air supply duct 252. Air is pressurized into the air supply duct 252 blown in and through the annular gap at a relatively high speed in the Screen space pressed. Prevented with a continuous or pulsating air flow during operation and / or cleans the during the cleaning interval Sieve openings of the ultrasonic sieve 232 and the inner sieve space 23.
  • a nozzle ring 26 is located in the area of the lower outlet of the screen space 2
  • Nozzle ring 26 has a further air supply channel 261, from which via the The circumference also distributes a number of nozzles continuously or pulsates Compressed air can be supplied.
  • An arrangement of 4 radial nozzles is shown, which blow the air radially inwards towards the center of the sieve chamber. Compared to the 4 tangential nozzles 262 are arranged displaced radially. These blow the air approximately tangential to the inner wall of the screen space 2 and at an angle between 15 and 45 ° down into the collecting cone 3.
  • the Nozzle ring 26 can be fastened in the screen space so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis. By the Blow-out angle of the radial nozzles 262 creates a moment which the nozzle ring 26 as whole rotates around the vertical axis.
  • the drain 33 for the deposited powder or dust can be aerodynamic have a suitable outer drop shape. This is particularly suitable if the above mentioned pinch valve is switched to compressed air for self-cleaning.
  • the Air flow for self-cleaning then goes upwards in the collecting cone 3 in the direction to the screening room.
  • the narrowing of the cross section around the teardrop shape results a venturi effect, which additionally ensures air circulation in the collecting cone 3.
  • the cyclone separator is normally in continuous operation.
  • A can briefly intermittently supply the supply air with the dust or Powder supply can be reduced or stopped while the cleaning air over the Slider openings 125 "is blown in and the coating on the dip tube 12 is removed is the first cleaning phase and can take between 30 and 150 seconds need.
  • a second cleaning phase B the screen area and the collecting cone are also added cleaned. For this purpose, about 10 seconds is applied via the annular gap nozzle 251 during each cleaning air blown in at intervals. Between these intervals or the metering 24 is then blown through briefly.
  • a third cleaning phase C the collecting cone 3 is continuously intermittent cleaned by blowing cleaning air through the nozzles of the nozzle ring 26.
  • the outlet 33 is then switched over to cleaning.
  • the Collection cone 3 are lowered so that the drain line 33 with the pinch valve extends a certain amount into the collecting cone 3.
  • An optimized cleaning run therefore consists of the individual functions mentioned, which can run programmatically. Time, interval, sequence of Individual functions can be optimized. Depending on the material to be deposited, this is under Circumstances.

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  • Cyclones (AREA)
EP99810671A 1998-08-12 1999-07-26 Séparateur à cyclone Withdrawn EP0979679A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH166198 1998-08-12
CH166198 1998-08-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0979679A2 true EP0979679A2 (fr) 2000-02-16
EP0979679A3 EP0979679A3 (fr) 2001-03-14

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EP99810671A Withdrawn EP0979679A3 (fr) 1998-08-12 1999-07-26 Séparateur à cyclone

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE518375A (fr) *
JPS52130074A (en) * 1976-04-26 1977-11-01 Hitachi Ltd Cyclone dust collector
US4257786A (en) * 1978-08-28 1981-03-24 Snow Brand Milk Products Co., Ltd. Cyclone separator
DE8811275U1 (fr) * 1988-09-07 1988-10-27 Apparatebau Rothemuehle Brandt + Kritzler Gmbh, 5963 Wenden, De
FR2629371A1 (fr) * 1988-03-29 1989-10-06 Stumm Eric Dispositif de depoussierage de gaz industriels par separateurs mecaniques - pneumatiques
US5066315A (en) * 1987-11-20 1991-11-19 Dustcontrol International Ab Method of cleaning a cyclone separation and cyclone separator for practicing the method
DE4232382C1 (de) * 1992-09-26 1994-03-24 Pbs Pulverbeschichtungs Und Sp Vorrichtung zur Staubabscheidung
DE4320615A1 (de) * 1993-06-22 1995-01-05 Fette Dietrich Zyklonabscheider

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE518375A (fr) *
JPS52130074A (en) * 1976-04-26 1977-11-01 Hitachi Ltd Cyclone dust collector
US4257786A (en) * 1978-08-28 1981-03-24 Snow Brand Milk Products Co., Ltd. Cyclone separator
US5066315A (en) * 1987-11-20 1991-11-19 Dustcontrol International Ab Method of cleaning a cyclone separation and cyclone separator for practicing the method
FR2629371A1 (fr) * 1988-03-29 1989-10-06 Stumm Eric Dispositif de depoussierage de gaz industriels par separateurs mecaniques - pneumatiques
DE8811275U1 (fr) * 1988-09-07 1988-10-27 Apparatebau Rothemuehle Brandt + Kritzler Gmbh, 5963 Wenden, De
DE4232382C1 (de) * 1992-09-26 1994-03-24 Pbs Pulverbeschichtungs Und Sp Vorrichtung zur Staubabscheidung
DE4320615A1 (de) * 1993-06-22 1995-01-05 Fette Dietrich Zyklonabscheider

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2, no. 14 (M-005), 30. Januar 1978 (1978-01-30) -& JP 52 130074 A (HITACHI), 1. November 1977 (1977-11-01) *

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